1

Biology Test ReviewBiology Test ReviewState Review Questions

Test 3

2

Which of the following represents a mutualistic relationship?

A bee / flowerB mosquito / catC spider / flyD wasp / ant

A. Bee / flower

3

Suppose a population of flightless beetles becomes divided into two separate populations by the development of a city. The two populations will MOST likely become separate species if the two populations are —

A relatively small.B unable to interbreed.C able to produce many offspring.D made of different colored beetles.

B. Unable to interbreed

4

Sickle cell anemia is a disease that occurs when an individual receives a recessive allele for sickle cell from each parent. Assume that a woman who is a carrier for sickle cell marries a man who is free of disease. What are the chances of this couple having a child with sickle cell anemia?

A 0%B 25%C 50%D 100%

A. 0%

5

Which of these pictures shows the correct way to pick up a heated test tube?

B.

A C

B D

6

Which of the reactions would result in the GREATEST release of energy?

A 2 H2O 2H2 + O2

B ADP + phosphate ATPC ATP ADP + phosphateD 6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2

C. ATP ADP + phosphate

7

Animal cells maintain their shape by having —

A cytoskeletons.B cell walls.C cytoplasm.D chromosomes.

A.Cytoskeletons

8

Which group shown in the energy pyramid right is MOST immediately affected bythe decomposition of other organisms?

A ProducersB 1st consumersC 2nd consumersD 3rd consumers

A.Producers

9

Unlike invertebrates, all vertebrates are —

A radially symmetrical.B bilaterally symmetrical.C carnivorous.D endothermic.

B. bilaterally symmetrical

10

In pea plants, the trait for being tall (T) is dominant over the trait for being short (t). What is the expected phenotypic outcome of the F1 generation in thecross shown above?

A 100% shortB 50% tallC 75% shortD 100% tall

D. 100% tall

11

The result of a scientific experiment is PROBABLY valid if —

A most people believe the result is correct.B repetitions give consistent data.C it is based on a hypothesis.D it is done by a world-famous scientist.

B. repetitions give consistent data

12

The glucose produced during photosynthesis is an example of a —

A lipid.B monosaccharide.C protein.D nucleic acid.

B. monosaccharide

13

Proteins must enter the endoplasmic reticulum to be —

A transported to other parts of the cell.B used in building new strands of RNA.C synthesized into new genetic codes.D excreted as waste material.

A. transported to other parts of the cell

14

Large herbivores help maintain which terrestrial biome?

A DesertB GrasslandC Rain forestD Tundra

B. grassland

15

Which animal classification group includes monotremes, marsupials, and placentals?

A ArthropodaB MammaliaC CrustaceaD Echinodermata

B. Mammalia

16

The diagram above shows a genetic pedigree. The offspring indicated by the arroware what generation?A P1B P2C F1D F2.

C. F1

17

During a laboratory exercise, a student bumped the table where chemicals werebeing held. The storage containers tumbled over, and the different liquids spilledonto the table. What is the FIRST thing that other students should immediately do?

A Wipe up the liquid with paper towels.B Set the containers upright.C Dilute the spill with water.D Tell the teacher what has happened.

D. Tell the teacher what has happened

18

Protein synthesis is a major function of living cells. The type of protein synthesizedby a cell is determined by the sequence of —

A carbohydrates.B amino acids.C lipids.D enzymes.

B. Amino acids

19

G1 Phase, S Phase, and G2 Phase are all parts of —

A Interphase.B Anaphase.C Prophase.D Telophase.

A. Interphase

20

What is the process by which free nitrogen is returned to the Earth’s atmosphere?

A DecompositionB DenitrificationC CondensationD Respiration

B. denitrification

21

All of the following classes of animals are vertebrates EXCEPT—

A Mammalia.B Amphibia.C Reptilia.D Insecta..

D. Insecta

22

Which of these models BEST represents a DNA molecule?

A

A

B

C

D

23

When a light microscope is being stored for future use, it should be protected from —

A dust.B light.C magnetic fields.D electric currents.

A. dust

24

In the diagram above, the substance labeled X is MOST likely —

A an enzyme.B water.C ATP.D oxygen.

A. An enzyme

25

Sexual reproduction in plants depends on sex cells being produced by the process of ––

A osmosis.B fermentation.C transpiration.D meiosis.

D. meiosis

26

Local and federal legislation have placed limits on the amount of fertilizers to betolerated in field run-off. The most likely reason for this legislation is that run-offhigh in dissolved fertilizers produces increased —

A growth of freshwater algae.B erosion of sandy soils.C evaporation of ground water.D fertility of predatory fish.

A. Growth of freshwater algae

27

Certain safety procedures have to be carefully followed in each laboratory exercise. Whichgroup of safety symbols is MOST appropriate for the laboratory activity described ?

C

The Effect of Heat on Bacteria1. Prepare a hot water bath heating the water to 63 degrees C.2. Obtain 3 test tubes of E. coli bacterial culture.3. Place one tube in the hot water bath for 15 minutes, the second tube in the water bath for 30 minutes. Do not heat the third tube.4. Obtain four petri dishes containing sterile agar. Label them as 1, 2, 3, 4.5. Petri dish 1 is the control, do not add anything to it.6. Using a sterile cotton swab, inoculate the 2nd petri dish with the E. coli culture heated for 15 minutes.7. Using a sterile cotton swab, inoculate the 3rd petri dish with the E. coli culture heated for 30 minutes. Repeat this step with the 4th petri dish with the E. coli that was not heated.8. Incubate the dishes for 48 hours and then examine for colonies of E. coli bacteria.

A

B

C

D

28

DNA that has been cut by enzymes can separate into segments of different lengths during the process of —

A mitosis.B electrophoresis.C gene amplification.D cytokinesis.

B. electrophoresis

29

A MAJOR difference between an earthworm and a snake is that the earthworm lacks —

A blood vessels.B nerves.C a backbone.D a digestive tract.

C. A backbone

30

Peptide bonds between amino acids are formed PRIMARILY on the cell’s —

A mitochondria.B lysosomes.C ribosomes.D membrane.

C. ribosomes

31

The graph shows the number of mealworms in a boxed community over a two-month period. Based on the graph, what inference can be made about the mealworm population?A Some mealworms are older than other mealworms.B Mealworms hibernated during April.C The population has carnivorous members.D The population reached carrying capacity in December.

D

32

Most of the Earth’s rain forests are found near the —

A Arctic Circle.B equator.C poles.D prime meridian.

B. equator

33

Lipids are composed of fatty acids and —

A proteins.B glycerol.C sugars.D alcohols.

B. glycerol

34

All of the animals in the phylum vertebrata must belong to the same —

A family.B genus.C kingdom.D order.

C. kingdom

35

Golgi apparatus is to vacuole as packaging is to —

A protecting.B storing.C absorbing.D hydrating.

C. storing

36

Which of these is an advantage of using the low power rather than the high power of a microscope?

A The depth of view is less.B The field of view is larger.C Smaller organisms can be seen.D Fewer organisms will be seen at one time.

B. The field of view is larger

37

Chordata is to Animalia as phylum is to —

A orderB speciesC classD kingdom

D. kingdom

38

Meiosis results in greater genetic variation than asexual reproduction because it —

A is a lengthy process full of errors.B results in a greater number of offspring.C is more common in higher order species.D allows the recombination of genetic information.

D. Allows the recombination of genetic information

39

Examine the food web to the right. If the fish population suddenly decreased, the mouse population would also decline because mice would —

A have less available oxygen.B fill the same niche as the fish.C be deprived of a source of food.D face increased predation by hawks.

D. face increased predation by hawks

40

Which of the following does NOT occur during interphase?

A Chromosomes become visibleB Proteins synthesizeC Chromosomes duplicateD Proteins translocate

A. Chromosomes become visible

41

While heating a test tube, it is important to —

A make sure the liquid level is at the top of the test tube.B make sure the test tube is pointing away from people.C keep the test tube perfectly still while it is being heated.D heat the bottom tip of the test tube.

B. make sure the test tube is pointing away from people

42

Two plants probably belong to the same species if they —

A have leaves that look alike.B can produce fertile offspring.C have the same number of cotyledons.D develop the same type of chlorophyll.

B. Can produce fertile offspring

43

A certain genes attract one another and then stay together.B many genes are located together on the same chromosome.C pairs of chromosomes are joined together like the two sides of a zipper.D the chromosomes from one parent are dominant and those from the other are recessive.

B. many genes are located together on the same chromosome

Gregor Mendel pioneered studies of heredity in the 1800s. He believed that parent organisms could transmit any random combination of characteristics to their offspring. Today, however, scientists know that some of the parents’ characteristics are inherited together as a group because —

44

Which is the proper way to place a cover slip when making a wet mount?

A

A

B

C

D

45

C. reproduce

Both plant and animal cells have the ability to —

A make glucose.B move.C reproduce.D release oxygen.

46

The tropical grassland of Africa is considered a —

A desert.B prairie.C savanna.D tundra.

C. savanna

47

A particular enzyme catalyzes the reaction which converts compound A to compound X.

Compound Compound X enzyme

B. Reject the hypothesis that the optimal pH is 4-6

Based on this data, which of the following choices is the BEST conclusion?

A Accept the hypothesis that the optimal pH is 4-6B Reject the hypothesis that the optimal pH is 4-6C Accept the theory that the optimal pH is 4-6D Reject the theory that the optimal pH is 4-6

A student has made the following statement: the optimal pH for this enzyme’s activity is from pH 4-6.To test this statement, the student performed an experiment in which the reaction was carried out under different pH values. The amount of compound X that was produced was measured at each pH.

48

In pea plants, “tall” is dominant to “short.” To determine if a tall pea plant is heterozygous or homozygous for tallness, it should be crossed with a plant that is known to be —

A purebred tall.B purebred short.C heterozygous tall.D heterozygous short.

B. Purebred short

49

The process of photosynthesis produces sugar, water and —

A hydrogen gas.B nitrogen dioxide gas.C carbon dioxide gas.D oxygen gas.

D. Oxygen gas

50

The red maple tree is known by the scientific name Acer rubrum. The sugar maple tree is known as Acer saccharum. What is the smallest classification division these trees have in common?

A PhylumB OrderC GenusD Species

C. Genus

51

The diffusion of a substance into or out of a cell requires —

A a concentration gradient.B an active transport system.C a carrier molecule.D a functioning mitochondrion.

A. a concentration gradient

52

The chart above shows the results of an experiment designed to determine the most likely area in which to find pill bugs. Which graph is the BEST representation of these data?

C

Number of Pill BugsTrial sand silt clay grass

1 25 13 10 522 17 13 5 653 10 27 13 504 12 25 15 48

Total 64 78 43 215Average 16 19.5 10.7 53.7

A CB D

53

All of the following kingdoms include autotrophic organisms EXCEPT —

A Plantae.B Protista.C Animalia.D Archaebacteria.

C. Animalia

54

In fruit flies, the gene for red eye color (R) is dominant to the gene for white eye color (r). The trait is sex-linked. What would be the genotype of a white-eyed female?

A XRXr

B XrXr

C XRyD Xry

B. XrXr

55

The diagram is showing the process of —A osmosis.B active transport.C phagocytosis.D exocytosis.

B. osmosis

56

Drug manufacturers must test their new products before they can be marketed. A pill containing a new drug was given to participants in Group A. A pill containing NO drug was given to the same number of participants in Group B. In this test, the drug given to the participants in Group A was the —

A conclusion.B hypothesis.C dependent variable.D independent variable.

D. Independent variable

57

Which of the following would correctly represent the complementary strand of DNA to the DNA strand listed below?

A T A G C C A T GA U A U C G G U A CB A T A G C C A T CC T A T C G G T A CD G A T C A T T C A

C. TATCGGTAC

58

The leaf cells of the white oak (Quercus alba) contain 24 chromosomes. After meiosis is complete, how many chromosomes are in the new cells?

A 12B 20C 24D 48

A. 12

59

Antibiotics would be effective against —A bacterial pneumonia.B the malaria protist.C the flu virus.D viral meningitis.

A. Bacterial pneumonia

60

Gene splicing is a technology that allows strands of DNA to be transferred from the cells of one species into cells of another species. New traits can be introduced into embryonic cells using this procedure. In what way might this technology be useful in the practice of medicine?

A Cell mutations may be identified.B Bacterial infections may be treated.C Contagious diseases may be isolated.D Inherited disorders may be prevented.

C. Inherited disorders may be prevented

61

The structure shown above is found in what part of a eukaryotic cell?

A CytoplasmB NucleusC Golgi apparatusD Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

B. nucleus

62

Kudzu is NOT a native plant to Mississippi. It was imported to control erosion and rapidly became a nuisance. Which type of graph would BEST show the percentage of Mississippi that is covered by kudzu?

A A pie graphB A bar graphC A line graphD A pictograph

A. A pie graph

63

Spraying DDT to kill mosquitoes became less effective each year the pesticide was used. This decrease in effectiveness was probably caused by the fact that —

A the structure of mosquito DNA is fairly stable.B DDT remains in the environment for a long time.C mosquito larvae live in the air rather than the water.D DDT-resistant mosquitoes passed on this trait to their offspring.

D. DDT-resistant mosquitoes passed on this trait to their offspring

64

Because most plants are able to undergo photosynthesis, they do NOT —

A require carbon dioxide.B store energy for later use.C undergo cellular respiration.D depend on other organisms for energy.

D. Depend on other organisms for energy

65

Which of these seeds is dispersed by wind action?

A

A

B

C

D

66

The number of chromosomes can be studied by looking at a —

A karyotype.B pedigree chart.C genotype.D punnett square.

A. karyotype

67

The PRIMARY structure of a cell membrane is composed of —

A cholesterol.B phospholipids.C carbohydrates.D saccharides.

B. phospholipids

68

A planarian is a flat worm that has a simple nervous system, muscles, and digestive system that extends throughout the body. The picture shows a set of experiments done on planarians. Which of the following conclusions is BEST supported by the results of these experiments?

A Planarians reproduce by sexual reproduction.B Cells in planarians help them to regenerate.C The nervous system of planarians enables them to grow new cells.D Muscle cells are required for the growth of planarians.

B. Cells in planarians help them regenerate

69

Hydra are often found in cool clear lakes where they may attach themselves to rocks or sticks. The DIRECT source of energy for the hydra is the ––

A food they eat.B water they live in.C rocks on the bottom.D sunlight entering the water.

B. Food they eat

70

B. Moss

Vascular plant is to nonvascular plant as cactus is to —

A fern.B moss.C palm tree.D oak tree.

71

The model illustrates hydrogen bonding found in water. This attraction between water molecules is the result of water’s —

A ionic bonding.B polar covalent bonding.C positively charged atoms.D negatively charged atoms.

B. Polar covalent bonds

72

The final products of meiosis are —A haploid cells.B diploid cells.C triploid cells.D polyploid cells.

A. haploid cells

73

Which of the following BEST represents a difference between a hypothesis and atheory?

A Theories can be used interchangeably with laws.B Theories are hypotheses that are supported by repeated experiment.C Theories relate to independent variables and hypotheses relate to dependent variables.D Theories describe “how” things happen and hypotheses describe “why” things happen.

B. Theories are hypotheses that are supported by repeated experiment.

74

The genotype of an organism describes the ––A codons that make up the genes of the organisms.B number of genes on the organism’s chromosomes.C genetic make up of a trait.D type of chromosomes present in the nucleus.

C. Genetic makeup of a trait

75

Which of the compounds is formed by a covalent bond?

A NaClB CaCl2C NaBrD C6H12O6

D. C6H12O6

76

The graph shows the total biomass of fish of an area from 1946 to 1993. Which ofthese MOST likely increased in this area in the mid-1970s?

A Predator populationsB TemperaturesC Amount of rainfallD Amount of minnow births

A predator populations

77

When using a light microscope, which of the following structures is first visiblewhen a cell is dividing?

A MitochondrionB RibosomeC ChromosomeD Lysosome

C. chromosome

78

The graph shows the results of experiments with plant growth. Each day, sets of plants were removed from the soil and dried. The cotyledons were removed and their mass was measured. Then, the mass of the remaining seedlings was measured.On which day were the mass of the cotyledons and the mass of the seedlings the same?

A Day 2B Day 4C Day 6D Day 8 C. Day 6

79

As a cattle ranch is established, all of the following can be expected as grasspopulations decrease EXCEPT —

A reductions in the herbivore’s food supply.B increased competition among cattle for food.C increased amounts of carbon dioxide absorbed.D reductions in the amount of oxygen released.

C. Increased amounts of carbon dioxide absorbed

80

Beavers can completely chew around a tree. Eventually the tree will die because this —

A prevents the absorption of water.B cuts off the supply of food to the roots.C blocks the process of photosynthesis.D allows oxygen to reach the inner cells of the stem.

B. Cuts off the supply of food to the roots

81

If a breeder wanted to figure out whether a black rabbit was homozygous (BB) orheterozygous (Bb) for coat color, which of the following rabbit genotypes would be crossedwith the black rabbit?

A BBB BbC bbD BbBb

C. bb

82

The data shown above of a forest plot supports the idea that —

A pitch pines are resistant to fire.B red oaks grow more quickly than hemlocks.C hemlock trees regenerate quickly after a fire.D birch trees have the most stored energy.

A. Pitch pines are resisitant to fire

83

The pictures show how a gland cell secretes hormones. This diagram shows that this process is —

A a form of diffusion, requiring no energy.B a form of active transport, meaning the cell must use energy.C the only method of getting substances out of cells.D cyclic in nature and requires three weeks to complete.

B. A form of active transport, meaning the cell must use energy

84

Energy is passed from a potato to the person eating it primarily by the energystored in —

A starch molecules.B DNA.C minerals.D vitamins.

A. Starch molecules

85

According to the graph, one reason that more of the Animal A population survived is because sexual reproduction produces —

A individual variation within a population.B larger numbers of viable offspring.C more female individuals than male.D different forms for each generation.

A. Individual variation within a population

86

When fish such as the bluegill spawn in a lake, very large numbers of eggs andsperm are released into the water. These large numbers are necessary because —

A most fish eggs and sperm are defective.B few fertilized eggs will become adult fish.C spawning occurs only once a year.D fish populations are increasing in some areas.

B. Few fertilized eggs will become adult fish

87

Constructed responseDraw a Mississippi food web containing at least two producers and two consumers. You can use words or pictures in the web.

hawks

birds fish

snakes shrimp

Mice algae

grain

Note that this same web was in an earlier question!