Biology “The study of life”

Break Out!! #1 – Left Side

•  A biologist is a scientist that studies biology, describe what a biologist would do (you may not write - studies life)

What is Biology? •  Break down the word:

–  “Bio” – life –  “ology” – study of

–  “Biology” – study of life

•  Biologists study living things and their interactions with the environment

Six Unifying Principles of Life •  Organism:

–  Anything that demonstrates all of the unifying principles of life

•  In order to be considered alive, you need to exhibit ALL the unifying principles.

•  If you do not show all six principles you are considered abiotic!

• “Abiotic” = without life –  “A” = without –  “Biotic” = life

–  Examples = rocks, soil, temperature, water, etc.

Unifying Principle #1 •  Evolution

–  Organisms have the ability to change over time (from generation to generation) • This occurs through adaptations.

• Adaptation: –  any structure, behavior, or internal process that

helps an organisms survive in its environment. –  Must be inherited from previous generations

• Evolution: –  Gradual accumulation of adaptations over time

Unifying Principle #1,  cont. Name the adaptation(s) shown:

Unifying Principle #2 • Response & Homeostasis

–  All organisms can respond to their environment

• Stimulus – any condition in the environment that requires an organism to adjust

• Response – reaction to a stimulus –  Example: A tree loses leaves in winter

Unifying Principle #2, cont. Name the stimulus and response in

the following:

Break Out!! #2 – Left Side •  Discuss the following with your

table partner How does a runners body respond to the stimulus of running a marathon?

Unifying Principle #2, cont. • Homeostasis

–  Regulation of an organism’s internal environment • Organisms respond to internal and external stimuli

–  Example: Maintaining body temperature »  Production of sweat

What are ways in which animals can maintain/keep a stable

internal body temperature?

Unifying Princple #3 •  Organization

–  All living things are organized into cells and made of the same organized matter.

–  All living things are composed of cells •  Unicellular: organism is made up of one cell •  Multicellular: organism is made up of more than one cell

–  Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ Systems

Unifying Principle #4 •  Energy

–  All organisms use energy to growth, respond, maintain homeostasis, and adapt

Break Out!! #3 – Left Side

With your partner come up with 2 different ways in which organisms

receive energy.

Unifying Principle #4 Continued •  Metabolism - All of the energy an

organism uses

2 ways organisms obtain energy: –  Autotrophic: an organism that uses

energy from the sun for photosynthesis to make own food. (Plants)

–  Heterotrophic: an organism that ingests food (eats) to receive energy. (Animals, Fungi, etc.)

Unifying Principle #5 • Continuity:

• Reproduction: –  The passing of genetic material from one

generation to the next. Production of offspring

Unifying Principle #5, cont. • Development:

–  All organisms begin life as a single cell –  All organisms have a life cycle

• Growth from birth to death • Ie.  Egg  →  tadpole  →  frog

• Growth: –  an increase in the amount of living material –  Organisms grow at different rates –  Even single cell organisms grow!

Break Out!! #4 – Left Side

Choose an organism and describe it’s life cycle

Unifying Principle #6 •  Ecology:

–  Definition: the study of interactions among an organism and living and nonliving components of its environment. • Reveals relationships among living and non-living parts

of the world

Break Out!! #5 – Left Side

•  With your partner come up with 5 different “relationships” you observe in the following photo. o  Come up with at least one abiotic/

biotic.

Unifying Principle #5, Identify 5 relationships

Break Out!! #6 – Left Side

•  Define organism in your own words. What makes something an organism?

•  How do all living things show unity?

Quick Quiz! • Were you paying attention…

– On your own: 1.   Write down as many unifying

principles as you can. 2.   Give a definition or example of each.