Biology Flow Chart

7/28/2019 Biology Flow Chart

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BIOLOGY


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C0NTENT :

(form 4)

Introduction to Biology

Cell structure and cell organisation

Movement of substances across plasma

membrane Chemical composition of the cell

Cell division

Nutrition

Respiration Dynamic ecosystem

Endangered ecosystem


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CONTENT :

(FORM 5)

Transport

Locomotion and support

Coordination and response Reproduction and growth

Inheritance

Variation


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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY

Importance of

biologyFields of study in

Biology

Careers related

to Biology

1.1

THE STUDY OF

BIOLOGY

1.2SCIENTIFIC

INVESTIGATIO

N


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STRUCTURE AND CELLORGANISATION

Structure&

function

Non-organelle

Organelle

Types

Animal cellPlant cell

Types oforganism

Unicell

Multicell


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PASSIVE

TRANSPORT

Simple

diffusion

Facilitated

diffusionOsmosis


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OSMOSIS

Hypertonic

solution

Isotonic

solution

Hypotonic

solution


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CHAPTER 4

4.1

CHEMICAL

COMPOSITION OF

THE CELL

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

4.6

THE IMPORTANCEOF CHEMICAL

COMPOSITION IN

CELLS

CHEMICAL

COMPOSITION OF

THE CELL

CARBOHYDRATES

PROTEINS

LIPIDS

ENZYMES


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4.1

CHEMICAL

COMPOSITION

OF THE CELL

State the

element in

the cell

list chemical

compound

in cell

Importance

of organic

compound

in cell


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4.2

CARBOHYDRATES

Elements of

carbohydrates

Type of

carbohydrates

Formation &

breakdown of

disaccharides 7

polysaccharides


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4.3

PROTEINS

Element in

protein

Various

structures of

proteins

Formation and

breakdown of

dipeptides and

polypeptides

Essential amino

acids and non-

essential amino

acids


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4.4

LIPIDS

Elements in

lipids

Main type of

lipids

Components of

fats and oils

Formation &

breakdown of

fats and oils

Compare &

contrast

saturated fats

and unsaturatedfats


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CELL DIVISION

MITOSIS Cell cycle MEIOSIS COMPARISON

BETWEEN MITOSIS

AND MEIOSIS

APPRECIATION THE

MOVEMENT OF

CHROMOSOSMES

The regulation of

cell cycle

The application of

mitosis

knowledge in

cloning

Tissue culture

Cloning


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NUTRITION

Types of

nutrition

Classes of

food

Balanced

diet

Food

digestion

Plantnutrition

Food

technolog

y


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Types of

nutrition

Autotrophicnutrition

Photosynthesis chemosynthesis

Heterotrophicnutrition

Holozoicnutrition

saprophytism

Parasitism


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CLASSES OFFOOD

CARBOHYDRATE

PROTEIN

LIPID

WATERVITAMIN

MINERAL

ROUGHAGE


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Balanced diet

Need for a

balanced diet

Effects of intake

of unbalanced

diet


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Food digestion

Digestion in

human

Carbohydrate,

lipid and protein

digestion

Absorption and

assimilation of

digested products

Defaecation

Digestion in

herbivore

Ruminants Rodent


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Plant nutrition

Elementsrequired by

plants

Macronutrient Micronutrient

photosynthesis

Adaptivecharacteristics of the

leaf forphotosynthesis

Mechanism ofphotosynthesis

Factors affectingthe rate of

photosynthesis


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Food

technology

Technology in

food production

Technology in

food processing


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RESPIRATION

EXTERNALRESPIRATION

RESPIRATION IN

PLANT

INTERNAL/ CELLULARRESPIRATION


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EXTERNAL RESPIRATIONS

RESPIRATORYSTRUCTURES &

SURFACES

PROTOZOA,

INSECTS,

AMPHIBIANS,

FISH, HUMANS

BREATHING

CONTROL

MECHANISMS

GASEOUS

EXCHANGE &

TRANSPORT OF

GASES IN

HUMANS

RESPIRATORY

ADAPTATIONS &

BREATHINGMECHANISMS

TISSUE CAPILLARIES &

BODY CELLSLUNGS & BLOOD

CAPILLARIES

BREATHING RATE &

HEARTBEAT RATE UNDER

DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

REGULATORY MECHANISM

OF CARBON DIOXIDE &

OXYGEN CONTENTS IN THE

BODYS


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INTERNALRESPIRATION

COMPARISON


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RESPIRATION IN

PLANTS

COMPENSATION

POINT ANAEROBIC

RESPIRATION

AEROBIC

RESPIRATION COMPARISONS BETWEEN THE

PROCESSES OF RESPIRATION &

PHOTOSYNTHESIS


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DYNAMIC

ECOSYSTEM

ECOSYSTEM

Colonisation and

successionBiotic

POPULATION

ECOLOGY

BIODIVERSITY

APPRECIATING

BIODIVERSITYAbiotic

Classification ofmicroorganism

The role of

microorganisms


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ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM

Effects of unplanned

development and

mismanagement of

the ecosystem

Human activities that

endangered

ecosystem

Greenhouse effect

Thinning of the ozonelayer

Pollution

Maintaining the

balance of

nature


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POLLUTION

Air

pollution

Thermal

pollution

Water

pollution

Noise

pollution

Effects of

pollution


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Maintaining the

balance of

nature

Ecosystem

management

Management of

development

activities


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04/07/2013

TRANSPORT

HUMANS

PLANTS

ANIMALS

CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM

involves

in


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04/07/2013

BLOOD

CLOTTING

HUMANS

TRANSPORT

COMPOSITION OF

HUMAN BLOOD

FUNCTION OF

BLOOD

Leads to

involves

IMMUNITY AND

IMMUNISATION

DEFENCE AGAINST

DISEASES


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04/07/2013

DOUBLE

CIRCULATION

ANIMALS

SINGLE

CIRCULATION

OPEN SYSTEM

COMPLETE

Divided into

Consists of

INCOMPLETE

CLOSED SYSTEM


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TRANSLOCATION

PLANTS

TRANSPIRATION

XYLEM TISSUES

Role in

involves

PHLOEM TISSUES

Role in


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SUPPORT AND

LOCOMOTION

Support and

locomotion of

human and animal

Movement

of animal

The function of

cartilage and sinovial

fluid at the joint

Consequences of

impaired

musculoskeletal

system on support andlocomotion

Appreciating healthy

musculoskeletal

system

Support in

plant

The function of muscle,

ligament and tendon in

movement.


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COORDINATION AND RESPONSE

Disease related

to the nervous

system

Stimulus and

response

Nervous

coordination

Chemical

coordination

homeostasis

Practising ahealthy

lifestyle


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Stimulus and

response

Voluntary

action

Involuntary

actionReflex action


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Nervous coordination

Nervoussystem

Peripheral

nervous system

- Cranial nerve

- Spinal nerve

Central

nervous system

Brain

Spinal cord

Transmission of nerveimpulses

neurones

Neurone

structure

Type ofneurone

Synapse


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Chemical

coordination

Endocrine

system

Plants

response

Types of

hormone

Hormone

function

Uses of

hormones


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Practising a

healthy lifestyle

Effects of drug

abuse

Effects of alcohol

consumption


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04/07/2013

REPRODUCTION & GROWTH

REPRODUCTION

PLANTSHUMANS

GROWTH


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04/07/2013

TECHNOLOGY IN

REPRODUCTION

REPRODUCTION

IN HUMANS

MENSTRUAL

CYCLE

DEVELOPMENT OF

ZYGOTE

OOGENESIS

SPERMATOGENESIS

Connected toFailure may

use


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04/07/2013

EMBRYOSAC

REPRODUCTION IN

PLANTS

POLLEN GRAIN

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

DOUBLE

FERTILISATION

Formation of

Leads to

involves


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04/07/2013

PLANTS

GROWTH

ANIMALS

GROWTH CURVE

PRIMARY

GROWTH

in

involves

Characteristic of

SECONDARY

GROWTH


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INHERITANCECharacteristic and

trait

GEN DAN ALELLE

Dominant and

recessive allelle

GENOTYPE DAN

PHENOTYPE

INHERITANCEMENDELS FIRST

LAW

MENDELS

SECOND LAW

Human Karyotype

The Rhesus factor

Genetic disorder

DNA

Gene and chromososmes

Sex linked inheritance

Gender determination

Application of genetic knowledge

in human daily life

Genetic engineering


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Variation

Types of

variation

Continuous

variation

Discontinuous

variation

Sources of

variation

Environmental

factors

Genetic

factors


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Genetic factors

Independent

assortment of

homologous

chromosomes

Genetic

recombination during

crossing over in

prophase I

Random fertilisation mutation

Types of mutagen

Chromosomal

mutation

Gene mutation

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