Biological molecules
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BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Nutrients- Organic substances and mineral ions containing raw materials or energy for growth and repairing tissues. CARBOHYDRATES Elements; Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen Importance; Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients. They are the most important source of energy for your body. Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose .Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues and organs. Release of energy; 4 calories/ 16.7 Joules per gram PROTEINS
Transcript of Biological molecules
BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
Nutrients-Organic substances and mineral ions containing raw materials or energy for growth and repairing tissues.
CARBOHYDRATES
Elements; Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Importance; Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients. They are the most important source of energy for your body. Your digestive system changes carbohydrates into glucose .Your body uses this sugar for energy for your cells, tissues and organs.
Release of energy; 4 calories/ 16.7 Joules per gram
PROTEINS
Elements; Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, sulphur
Importance; They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs. Proteins are made up of thousands of smaller units called amino acids in long chains.
Release of energy; 4 calories/ 16.7 Joules per gram
FATS
Elements; Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Importance; Fats are essential to your diet. Without them, your body would not function properly.
Fats provide your body with energy to carry out daily activities. They also serve as carriers to the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. Fats prevent loss of heat. Fats help lower your blood cholesterol.
Release of energy; 9 calories/ 35.6 Joules per gram
VITAMIN C
Importance; You need vitamin C for the growth and repair of tissues in all parts of your body. It an important to make skin, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. It is needed for healing wounds, and for repairing and maintaining bones and teeth.
Deficiency; causes scurvy (bleeding and poor healing of gums, joint muscle pains).
VITAMIN D
Importance; Vitamin D is most vital for facilitating normal immune system function. Getting a sufficient amount of the vitamin is important for normal growth and development of bones and teeth, as well as improved resistance against certain diseases.
Deficiency; causes rickets, a disease in which the bone tissue doesn't properly mineralize, leading to soft bones and skeletal deformities.
Calcium
Importance; Your body uses 99 percent of its calcium to keep your bones and teeth strong, thereby supporting skeletal structure and function. It also plays key roles in cell signalling, blood clotting, muscle contraction and nerve function.
Deficiency; Long-term calcium deficiency can increase your risk for developing osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease that causes your bones to become brittle due to bone loss.
WATER
Importance; There is no more important nutrient for our bodies than water. Water lubricates our joints, keeping them from getting stiff. Water regulates our body temperature is through sweat.
Deficiency; Dehydration is a deficiency of water in the body. Vomiting, diarrhoea, excessive sweating. People feel thirsty, sweat less and excrete less urine.
Fibre
Importance; It can help prevent heart disease, diabetes, weight gain and some cancers, and can also improve digestive health {also prevents constipation}.
IRON
Importance; Iron is an important component of haemoglobin. Haemoglobin represents about two-thirds of the body's iron.
Deficiency; lack of iron causes anaemia (less haemoglobin and fewer red blood cells).
