BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE

GUIDE:Dr.Suganthi Supriya.RProfessor ECE 2MTCNChrist University 1427008BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE

MICROWAVEMicrowavesare a form of EM radiations.The MW extends from 1 to 300 GHz.MWs exhibit non-ionizing type of electromagnetic (EM).Our human body is exposed to the RF (30 kHz-300MHz) and microwaves (300-3000 MHz) radiation.

Electromagnetic Frequency Spectrum

HAZARDS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATIONSHAZARDS OF EM RADIATIONS TO PERSONNEL (HERP).HAZARDS OF EM RADIATIONS TO ORDINANCE (HERO).HAZARDS OF EM RADIATIONS TO FUEL (HERF).

HOW MICROWAVE ENERGY CAN BE HAZARDOUS?CATARACTSSKIN CANCERHEADACHES AND DIZZINESSBLOOD DISORDERS/LUKEMIABIRTH DEFECTS IN PREGNANT WOMENCENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DAMAGETEMPORARY STERILITY IN MEN CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS

Mobile Tower and Base station

The mobile phone system is referred to as cellular telephone system because the coverage area is divided into cells each of which has a base station antenna. Cell phones use EM radiation in the MW range around 2.5 GHz range. The encoded signals are made up of EM radiations. The base station antenna emits radiations continuously to make a link with the subscribers.

Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)

Rate at which radiation is absorbed by the human body is measured by the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) Its maximum levels for modern handset is set between 1.6 to 2 W/Kg averaged for 1 gram tissue.

Thermal effect of microwave

Thermal effect causesBurning sensation in the Scalp and Ear pinnaMood alteration and lack of concentrationLethargy and lack of sleepWhistling sound in the earPremature CataractConfusion and loss of memory Alters sleep physiology and biological rhythm by changing the level of Dopamine, Serotonin hormones

Role of Blood-Brain Barrier BBB

The blood vessels in the brain and the surrounding tissue form the BBB that can easily dispose heat. But prolonged heating effect can alter brain functions and hearing ability.

Biological effectsNon Thermal EffectsHearing impairmentsSleep and EEG EffectsMicrowave Auditory EffectPhantom PainElectromagnetic HypersensitivityUnspecific symptoms during and after the use of cell phone

Precautionary measures10 minutes maximum usage 1hr/day. Keep mobile phone away from bed while sleeping. Dont give mobile phone to children. Do not attend mobile phone while driving or operating machinery. Do not use mobile phone near petrol outlet and LPG cylinder. Do not use mobile phone when it is connected to charger. Do not use mobile phone when there is lightning.

IEEE STANDARDS

CONCLUSIONConduction of awareness programs all over the world for safe use of all wireless devices keeping the environmental-friendly life of human kind in the world.

REFERENCEDr.S.Raghavan and Prof.S.Suganthi1Senior IEEE Member, Senior Professor, National Institute of Technology, Trichy1 Member of IEEE, Professor, Shri Angalamman College of Engineering and Technology, TrichyWIKIPEDIAMICROWAVE ENGINEERING BY ANNAPURNA DAS AND SISIR K DAShttp://www.electroschematics.com/