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Biological Chemistry zoom 200 The Chemical basis of Life.
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Transcript of Biological Chemistry zoom 200 The Chemical basis of Life.
Biological Chemistry
zoom 200
The Chemical basis of Life
Biological Chemistry
Chemistry is the study of matter (and the changes it undergoes)Matteranything with mass and volume"stuff"
Biological Chemistry
zoom 200
Atoms: the simplest form of elementsElements vital for life:
hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), carbon (C), phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N)
Biological Chemistry
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Compounds: atoms bonded togetherExamples:
H2O CO2, HNO3 C6H12O6 N2
Biological Chemistry
zoom 200
Macromolecules: = polymers. Chains of smaller moleculesExamples:
carbohydrates lipidsproteinsnucleic acids
Biological Chemistry
Mixtures: = substances stirred togetherExamples:
salt water airbanana splitblood
Mini-Quiz
Classify as matter or not.bananaairCO2heatpaperideas
Mini-Quiz
Classify element, compound or mixture.bananaairCO2carbonaluminumwater
Nitrogen
Necessary for life. Important component of proteins and nucleic acidsMakes of 78% of air, but is unusable (N2)Bacteria are vital for making nitrogen available and for cycling nitrogen in and out of living systems. NITROGEN CYCLE.
Nitrogen cycle video
Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Importance:largest proportion of the atmospherein proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, some hormones
Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Cycle Highlights:bacteria are vitalnitrates and ammoniaamino acids and proteinslegumes and nodules
Chemical Summary for Nitrogen
Environmental Problems:eutrophicationacid rain
Environmental problem:
Environmental problem:
*Backbone of all organic moledule(carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
* Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion* Seashells and limestone* fossil fuels
*Climate change
4/5ths of atmospherein proteins, nucleic acids, chlorophyll, some hormones
* bacteria vital* nitrates, ammonia, amino acids, proteins, legumes, nodules
* acid rain* eutrophication
Phosphorus
Important for organisms and industry. Found as phosphates in nature in all fertile soils and waterImportant component of:bonenucleic acids (DNA and RNA)ATP (an energy transferring molecule)phospholipids (make up cell membranes)
* Bones* Nucleic acids* Phospholipids
* Found as phosphate* weathering* sedimentation
* Eutophication
* Solvent *moderates temperature *needed for photosynthesis
* Evaporation and transpiration* condensation and perculation* aquifers
* Aquifer depletion* Pollution
*Backbone of all organic moledule(carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
* Photosynthesis, respiration, combustion* Seashells and limestone* fossil fuels
*Climate change
molecules
C, H, O
Pass on hereditary infoDNA, RNAC, H, O, N, P
* Energy storage.* Cell membranes (phospholipid)
Fats, oils, steroids (including cholesterol)
C, H, O
Involved in all cell activities. Enzymes speed up reactions. Hormones coordinate body processes
Muscle, hair, nails, enzymes, hormones
C, H, O, N(sometimes S)
Energy source.Sugars, starches, cellulose
Plant support (cellulose)
: exact opposite
reactants products
Attachments
The_Cycle_Series__The_Nitrogen_Cycle.asf