Biogeochemical Cycles. 24/103 required by organisms Macronutrients: C,H,N,O,P,S Micronutrients.
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Transcript of Biogeochemical Cycles. 24/103 required by organisms Macronutrients: C,H,N,O,P,S Micronutrients.
![Page 1: Biogeochemical Cycles. 24/103 required by organisms Macronutrients: C,H,N,O,P,S Micronutrients.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081513/5697bf951a28abf838c90b49/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Biogeochemical Cycles
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24/103 required by organisms
Macronutrients: C,H,N,O,P,S
Micronutrients
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BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
The complete pathway that a chemical element takes through the biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and lithosphere.
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Elements transferred between compartments (pools)
Active: accessible to living things
Storage: inaccessible
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CARBON CYCLE
atmosphere
biosphere
res
pir
ati
on
ph
oto
sy
nth
es
is
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CARBON CYCLE
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CARBON CYCLE
atmosphere
biosphere
res
pir
ati
on
ph
oto
sy
nth
es
isco
mb
ust
ion
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A
A
AA
A
S
S
S
S
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Carbon Cycle Simulation
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Enter the carbon cycle…….
You are a carbon atom.
You are now in a molecule of CO2 in the atmosphere.
Flip 2 coins:
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Your carbon atom returns or remains in the atmosphere .
Flip 2 coins:
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Flip 2 coins:
Your carbon atom is absorbed into a plant leaf.
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SUNLIGHT!PHOTOSYNTHESIS!Your carbon atom is incorporated into a sugarmolecule by photosynthesis.
C6H12O6
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Your carbon atom is now in a molecule of sugar in a plant.
Flip 2 coins:
C6H12O6
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Flip 2 coins:
Your carbon atom is now in a protein moleculeIn the plant tissue.
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Flip 2 coins:
Your carbon atom in theplant tissue is eaten by aPrimary Consumer (anherbivore).
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Your carbon atom is now in a molecule of dead organic matter (detritus)
Flip 2 coins:
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Your carbon atom is now being burned (oxidized) in a fire. Your atom is being released to the atmosphere in a molecule of carbon dioxide.
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The plant tissue with your carbon atom is now being ingested by a human.
Flip 2 coins:
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The molecule containing your carbon atom is now being ingested by a primary detritus feeder (decomposer).
Flip 2 coins:
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Your carbon atom is now in a molecule making up a tissue of your or another human’s body.
Flip 1 coins:
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Your carbon atom is now in a molecule making up tissue of a carnivore.
Flip 2 coins:
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The molecule containing your carbon atom is now being broken down in cell respiration to provide energy for the consumer. Your carbon atom is released as carbon dioxide.
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The molecule containing your carbon atom is being ingested by a secondary consumer.
Flip 2 coins:
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The molecule with your carbon atom is now being absorbed by a bacteria.
Flip 1 coin:
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Your carbon atom is now being absorbed by a fungus.
Flip 2 coins:
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Your carbon atom is now being ingested by an insect.
Flip 2 coins:
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NO SUNLIGHT!
NO PHOTOSYNTHESIS!
The carbon atom returns to the atmosphere.
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The sugar molecule is oxidized in cell respiration to provide energy for plant growth. Your carbon atom is released back to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
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The plant tissue is eaten by an animal.
What kind of animal?
Flip 2 coins:
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The plant dies.
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The molecule containing your carbon is metabolized and into a molecule making up the tissue of the consumer’s body.
Flip 2 coins:
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The molecule is not digested. It passes through the intestinal tract as waste.
Flip 2 coins:
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The human dies and body is cremated.
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The animal dies.
Flip 2 coins:
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The animal is eaten by a third order consumer.
Flip 2 coins:
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Flip 2 coins:
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Nitrogen Cycle
78% of atmosphere is N2
not in a form usable by most organisms
Nitrogen fixation: conversion of nitrogen to usable form
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Nitrogen Cycle
atmosphere
biosphere
loss
fixat
ion
gain
deni
trifi
catio
n
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Nitrogen fixation
1. Biologicala) by soil bacteriab) by blue-green algaec) by legumes
2. Industriala) by manufacture of N fertilizerb) combustion of fossil fuels
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Biological fixation
a & b) Free-living N-fixing bacteria and algae
-autotrophic
-fix nitrogen
c) Bacteria that are symbiotic
with legumes; infect
root nodules
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Industrial fixation
a) Haber Process: manufacture of N fertilizer
b) Combustion of fossil fuels; forest fires
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Denitrification
Denitrifying bacteria convert usable N back to N2 in atmosphere.
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Outgassing
Release of N to atmosphere during volcanic eruptions.
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Nitrogen fixation exceeds denitrification :
• N fertilizer
• Combustion of fossil fuels
• Cultivation of legumes
-excess nitrogen in biosphere
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Nitrogen Cycle
atmosphere
biosphere
loss
fixat
ion
gain
deni
trifi
catio
n