Biofuels for Automotive Biofuels for Automotive ApplicationsApplications

Bio Diesel and Bio EthanolBio Diesel and Bio Ethanol

HistoryHistory of Vegetable Oil as a Fuelof Vegetable Oil as a Fuel

Diesel Engine invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel and Diesel Engine invented by Dr. Rudolf Diesel and first shown at Paris World Expo in 1900 running first shown at Paris World Expo in 1900 running on Peanut Oilon Peanut Oil

Designed to be run on many fuels such as Designed to be run on many fuels such as vegetable oil, Mineral Oil, and Coal dust vegetable oil, Mineral Oil, and Coal dust suspended in watersuspended in water

““The diesel engine can be fed with vegetable oils The diesel engine can be fed with vegetable oils and help in the development of agriculture in the and help in the development of agriculture in the countries that use it. The use of vegetable oils for countries that use it. The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But in engine fuels may seem insignificant today. But in time they may become as important as Petroleum time they may become as important as Petroleum and Coal tar products at the present time. and Coal tar products at the present time.

~ Dr. Diesel 1911~ Dr. Diesel 1911

EthanolEthanol

What is Bio-Diesel?What is Bio-Diesel?

A mixture of:A mixture of:• Waste or fresh vegetable oilWaste or fresh vegetable oil• MethanolMethanol• Lye Lye

The Vegetable oil is too thick by itself The Vegetable oil is too thick by itself and needs to be cut with methanol in and needs to be cut with methanol in order to be used in an unmodified order to be used in an unmodified deisel engine. The Lye is used to deisel engine. The Lye is used to nuetralize the solutionnuetralize the solution

Straight Vegetable OilStraight Vegetable Oil SVO can also be used as a substitute for SVO can also be used as a substitute for

diesel with a few modificationsdiesel with a few modifications Engine must e started and stopped on Engine must e started and stopped on

diesel fuel or bio-diesel to keep injectors diesel fuel or bio-diesel to keep injectors and filter from cloggingand filter from clogging

Fuel must be pre-heated prior to switch Fuel must be pre-heated prior to switch over to thin it out enough to go through over to thin it out enough to go through the filterthe filter

Requires the use of two tanks in the Requires the use of two tanks in the vehicle with a heater in one, along with a vehicle with a heater in one, along with a method to switch tanks with the vehicle method to switch tanks with the vehicle running. running.

Benefits of SVO and Bio-Diesel Benefits of SVO and Bio-Diesel Higher flash point than Diesel so It’s not as Higher flash point than Diesel so It’s not as

flammable flammable Biodegradable, spills are not harmfulBiodegradable, spills are not harmful Reduces air toxins and cancer causing Reduces air toxins and cancer causing

agents by 95%agents by 95% Higher lubricity, engines run better and Higher lubricity, engines run better and

last longerlast longer No Sulfur Dioxide or Carbon Dioxide No Sulfur Dioxide or Carbon Dioxide

emissionsemissions Lower Carbon Monoxide emissionsLower Carbon Monoxide emissions Exhaust smells like French friesExhaust smells like French fries

Bio-EthanolBio-Ethanol Is a colorless liquid with a characteristic but Is a colorless liquid with a characteristic but

agreeable smell and tasteagreeable smell and taste In 1910 Henry Ford designed the Model T to be In 1910 Henry Ford designed the Model T to be

run on either Petrol or Ethanolrun on either Petrol or Ethanol Henry Ford Called it “the fuel of the future”Henry Ford Called it “the fuel of the future”

• Oil companies didn’t agreeOil companies didn’t agree Is also renewableIs also renewable Big 3 automakers support it’s uses and most Big 3 automakers support it’s uses and most

major auto makers in the world support ethanol major auto makers in the world support ethanol blends under warrentyblends under warrenty

10% blend (with Gasoline) is sued in some parts 10% blend (with Gasoline) is sued in some parts of the U.S. 24% blend is currently used in all of of the U.S. 24% blend is currently used in all of BrazilBrazil

Benefits of Bio-EthanolBenefits of Bio-Ethanol Similar to Bio-Diesel but for gasoline engines. Similar to Bio-Diesel but for gasoline engines. Lowers CO content of exhaustLowers CO content of exhaust Higher octane at a lower cost than gasolineHigher octane at a lower cost than gasoline Blends can be used in current engines without Blends can be used in current engines without

modificationsmodifications Reduces Hydrocarbon emmisionsReduces Hydrocarbon emmisions Reduces NOx by up to 20% and VOC’s by more Reduces NOx by up to 20% and VOC’s by more

than 30%than 30% When used as an octane enhancer reduces When used as an octane enhancer reduces

Benzene and Batadiene by more than 50%Benzene and Batadiene by more than 50% Sulfur dioxide and particulate matter reducedSulfur dioxide and particulate matter reduced

More benefitsMore benefits

The amount of energy in 1 galloon of The amount of energy in 1 galloon of ethanol is more than twice the energy ethanol is more than twice the energy used to grow the corn and produce the used to grow the corn and produce the ethanolethanol

Each BTU used to produce a BTU of Each BTU used to produce a BTU of gasoline could produce 8 BTU’s of ethanolgasoline could produce 8 BTU’s of ethanol

Has a positive energy balance of 125% Has a positive energy balance of 125% compared to 85% for gasoline, making it compared to 85% for gasoline, making it the most effective method of producing the most effective method of producing liquid transportation fuels. liquid transportation fuels.

More informationMore information

www.biodieselamerica.orgwww.biodieselamerica.org www.journeytoforever.orgwww.journeytoforever.org

www.dancingrabbit.orgwww.dancingrabbit.org