BIOELECTRONICS Rahul Sarpeshkar Associate Professor Research Lab of Electronics Electrical...
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BIOELECTRONICS Rahul Sarpeshkar
Associate Professor
Research Lab of Electronics
Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Bio-inspired Electronics: Electronics inspired by biology.
Biomedical Electronics: Ultra-low-power electronics for medical applications
CBA NSF talk. 10/12/06
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Dynamic Range 120 dB at inputPower Dissipation ~14W (Estimated)
Power Supply Voltage ~150 mVVolume ~35mm x 1cm x 1 cmDet. Thr. At 3 kHz 0.05 Angstroms at eardrumFrequency Range 20 Hz – 20 kHz (in babies?)Outlet Taps ~35,000Filter Computations >1 GFLOPSPhase locking threshold ~5 kHzInformation is reported with enough fidelity so that the auditory system has thresholds forITD discrimination at ~10 sFreq. discrimination at 2 Hz (at 1kHz)Loudness discrimination ~1 dB
BIOLOGICAL COCHLEAR NUMBERSBIOLOGICAL COCHLEAR NUMBERS
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Transmission Line Analogy: Fluid is an Inductor, Membrane Stiffness is a CapacitorTransmission Line Analogy: Fluid is an Inductor, Membrane Stiffness is a Capacitor
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ANALOG VLSI AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS LAB
The RF cochlea
UMC 0.13µm CMOS process
HF (5GHz)
LF (250MHz)
Transformer
Single stage Bias & programming
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Spiking-Neuron-Inspired Analog-to-Digital ConverterSpiking-Neuron-Inspired Analog-to-Digital Converter
At 0.12pJ/quantization level, a version of this A-to-D may be the most energy-efficient A-to-D ever reported thus far. It is the first time-based A-to-D converter whose conversion time scales linearly with bit precision.
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An Ultra-Low-Power Analog Bionic Ear Processor
The Bionic Ear (Cochlear Implant)
The 251W 16-channel Programmable Processor Performance Summary
1. 20x power improvement over best design today2. Better or comparable performance in 1.5m
technology today than A-D-then-DSP solution at the end of Moore’s law in an advanced nanometer technology.
3. First test with a deaf patient was successful, and she understood speech with it.
Block Diagram of Processor
1. Microphone2. Cable3. Speech Processor4. Coil5. Implanted Receiver6. Electrodes7. Auditory Nerve
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CURING PARALYSIS: ELECTRONICS THAT DECODES THOUGHT
Electrode Array
Neural Amplifier
Array
Decoding Array
A/D and Wireless
Transceiver
Implanted in Brain
Wireless Receiver,
Programmer, and Recharger
To Prosthetic / Natural Arm
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An Analog Architecture for Neural Recording, Decoding, and LearningAn Analog Architecture for Neural Recording, Decoding, and Learning
Adaptive 7W neural amplifier SPICE simulation of performance with real monkey data
Allows 1kbs-1 instead of 24Mbs-1 data bandwidth across the skull
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PRINCIPLES FOR ENERGY-EFFICIENT DESIGN IN BIOLOGY AND ELECTRONICS
1. Special-Purpose Architectures2. Exploit analog basis functions for
efficient preprocessing before digitization or signal-to-symbol conversion
3. Slow-and-Parallel4. Exponential computing primitives
(high gm/I ratio in transistor)5. Balance Computation and
Communication Costs6. Adaptive Architectures with Learning