Bioelectric Prosthesis Modelling using 3D-

Printing

WORK BY:GOKUL KARATELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEER

OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATIONINTRODUCTIONPROSTHESIS3D PRINTING AND ITS USE FOR

PROSTHESISCONTROL OF PROSTHESIS USING

PERIPHERAL INFORMATIONFUTURE OF PROSTHESISCONCLUSION

INTRODUCTIONSTROKE – AS CAUSE OF ADULT

DISABILITY

REHABILITATION

DISADVANTAGES WITH REHABILITATION

RELEVANCE OF THE TOPIC

PROSTHESIS

ARTIFICIAL SUBSTITUTE FOR A MISSING PART OF THE BODY

PROSTHETICSTYPES : PROSTHESI

S

JOINT ARM LEGCOSMETIC

CRANIO-FACIAL

TRANSRADIAL

TRANSHUMERAL

TRANSTIBIAL

TRANSFEMORAL

CLASSIFICATION: PASSIVE

Focused on the appearance Least control

ACTIVITY SPECIFIC Designed for an activity Eg: running, swimming….

SPORTS MEN WITH ACTIVE SPECIFIC PROSTHESIS

ACTIVEWill have complete control

TYPES :EXTERNALLY POWERED

Actuated by external sources

Uses battery and electro motors

Weight, increased maintenance, low speed, lack of proper feedback

Eg : Fluid Hand, DEKA Hand ,I Limb ,Rocket Arm ,Spring Hand

FLUID HAND

The Body Powered

No external sources are required

Controlled by cables from other parts of body

Most still in the concept phase

Eg : Imperial Hands, Otto Bock Hands …

Hybrid Under research

Have characteristics of both body poweredand externally powered

OTTA BOCK HAND

3D PRINTING3D printing is a process of making 3D solid objects from a

digital fileObject is achieved using additive processes. TYPES:

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) Uses a high powered laser Durable products Materials : Plastics, Elastomers, Metal, Ceramics, Glass

Stereo lithography (SLA) Uses UV rays and laser Great surface quality and build accuracy Products are brittle Materials : Epoxy polymers, either rigid or flexible

Polyjet or Jetted Photopolymer (J-P) Uses UV light Create rubber-like objects Materials :photopolymers, both solid as rubber-like

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) Material is molten and laid down in layers Cheapest Materials :ABS, concrete, chocolate, icing

Laser Powder Forming or Laser Fusing A powder is fed instead of solid core cartridge Method for making very detailed and small parts Most expensive Materials :metal, ceramic, polymer

Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM) Sheets of raw material are laid on each SIDES Wood-like properties Materials: paper, plastic or metals

WHY 3D PRINTING FOR PROSTHESISCustomization and Personalization

Increased Cost Efficiency

Enhanced Productivity

3D MODELLING OF PROSTHESIS

Auto Desk Inventor Software

Independent Joints 3D MODELLED PROSTHESIS HAND

CONTROL OF PROSTHESIS USING PERIPHERAL INFORMATION

EOGElectrooculography helps in controlling

prosthesis by decoding the movement of eyeUsed in case where EMG or ENG cannot be

usedEEG

Electroencephalography measures the brain activity and decodes it for controlling

EOG ELECTROD PLACEMENT

EMGElectromyography detects the electrical

potential generated by muscle cellsEMG signals from voluntarily contracted

muscles taken and decoded

STEPS FOR DEVICE CONTROLsignal acquisitiondecoding control

TYPES OF EMGS EMG

Non-invasive methodSurface electrodes are usedPotentials on skin surface are measured

S EMG DECODING FOR PROSTHESIS CONTROL

I EMG

Non-invasive or invasiveDetected using needle electrodes or wiresPotentials of selected muscles are

measured

I EMG DECODING FOR PROSTHESIS CONTROL

ENGElectroneurography detects the electrical

activity of neurons in CNSprovide the direct measure of the neural

drive to the musclesFine electrodes or cuff electrodes are used

FUTURE OF PROSTHESISHuman cells to be used as inkProsthesis will exact replica of the

original body part Sensory feedbacks are provided

FUTURE PROSTHESIS MODELLING

CONCLUSION Prosthesis which uses the bio electrical

potentials generated with in body could be modelled using 3d printing technique

Low costLess time consumptionIncreased effiency Increased controlLooks orginalNo need for surgery 3D PRINTED GLOVES FOR

HANDS

REFERENCES

Corinne Dally, Daniel Johnson, Moriah Canon, Sarah Ritter, Khanjan Mehta, “Characteristics of a 3D-Printed Prosthetic Hand”, IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, 2015.

K. Matsushita and H. Yokoi, “Robotics education: Development of cheap and creative EMG prosthetic applications”, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2009.

Kai j. Miller, beau Crawford, and Rajesh p. N. Rao, “electromyographic control of a robotic prosthesis”, IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering, vol. 55, no. 3, march 2008

Michael King, Brienna Phillips, Marc shively and Venkatesh raman, “Optimization of Prosthetic Hand manufacturing”, IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference, 2015.

Richard f. Ff. Weir, Ph.D., “design of artificial arms and hands for prosthetic applications”, handbook of biomedical engineering and design,2009

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