Biodiesel Fuel Feasibility Study

FINAL REPORT

Date: April 21, 2010

By: Amy E. Landis, Ph.D. Melissa M. Bilec, Ph.D. Scott Shrake William Collinge Xiaobo Xue

University of Pittsburgh

COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

CONTRACT # 510601 WORK ORDER # PIT 017

Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. FHWA-PA-2010-008-PIT017

2. Government Accession No.

3. Recipient’s Catalog No.

5. Report Date April 21, 2010

4. Title and Subtitle Bio-Diesel Fuel Feasibility Study

6. Performing Organization Code

7. Author(s) Amy Landis, Melissa Bilec, Scott Shrake, William Collinge, Xiaobo Xue

8. Performing Organization Report No.

10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS)

9. Performing Organization Name and Address University of Pittsburgh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering 949 Benedum Hall Pittsburgh, PA 15261

11. Contract or Grant No. Contract #510601, Work Order #PIT017 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Feasibility Study – July 2008 to June 2009

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address The Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Bureau of Planning and Research Commonwealth Keystone Building 400 North Street, 6th Floor Harrisburg, PA 17120-0064

14. Sponsoring Agency Code

15. Supplementary Notes None 16. Abstract A comprehensive feasibility study was performed for the use of B5 biodiesel fuel in PennDOT’s District 8 maintenance fleet. The feasibility study consisted of literature review and a survey of best practices; pre- and post-implementation data collection for fleet performance analysis, and an economic and environmental life cycle analysis for the District 8 pilot project and future extensions to statewide implementation of blends up to B20. 17. Key Words Biodiesel, Biofuel, Life Cycle Assessment, B5, B20, Fleet

18. Distribution Statement No restrictions. This document is available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161

19. Security Classif. (of this report) Unclassified

20. Security Classif. (of this page) Unclassified

21. No. of Pages 246

22. Price

Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized

 

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Executive Summary 

In  accordance  with  Work  Order  #17,  the  University  of  Pittsburgh  has  conducted  a comprehensive  feasibility  study  regarding  fleet  biodiesel  implementation,  for  use  by PennDOT.    This  feasibility  study  comprised  three  main  phases,  separated  into  multiple tasks as outlined in the Work Order.  The main phases and associated tasks are as follows: 

Investigation of Best Practices o Task 1a – Literature Review o Task 1b – Survey of DOT and Other Fleet Transitions 

Data Collection and Analysis for Implementation o Task 2 – Data Collection / Pre‐Implementation o Task 3 – Data Collection / During Implementation  o Task 4 – Analysis and Comparison 

Economic and Environmental Analysis o Task 5 – Pilot Project (PennDOT District 8) o Task 6 – Statewide Implementation o Task 7 – Alternative Fuel Formulations 

Investigation of Best Practices 

The literature reviewed included federal government reports and peer‐reviewed scientific journals.  From this review, best practices for biodiesel implementation in blends up to B20 were grouped into several categories.  The collected responses from the survey confirmed these best practices, listed below. 

Quality Control:    Fuel should meet ASTM standards (D6751 for B100 used in blending).    The  blend  should  also  be  periodically  tested  for  biodiesel  content  to  ensure 

consistency.  Cold Weather:   

Consider lowering biodiesel blend percentage below B20 during the winter.  Biodiesel and ultra‐low‐sulfur diesel (ULSD) should only be injection blended.  Have the supplier premix cold flow improvers and keep extra additives on hand.    Store fuel in sheltered areas; keep tanks full. 

Fleet Maintenance:  Perform regularly scheduled maintenance activities as usual.  Inspect  fuel  filters  frequently during  the early stages; expect  to change slightly 

more often initially.  Storage and Refueling: 

Limit storage time as practical.  Perform cursory visual inspection of tanks frequently.  Take samples of fuel from tanks to check for degradation.  Consider installing filters on tank dispensers. 

Performance and Emissions  Consider lowering blend percentage in NOx non‐attainment areas. 

 

 

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If  the  implementing agency  follows  the handling and use guidelines,  including guidelines for cold weather storage, and ensures that their supplier(s) certify the biodiesel according to ASTM D6751, use of biodiesel blends up to 20% (B20) should not present a problem for most existing fleets.   

Data Collection and Analysis for Implementation 

Prior  to  and  after  the  transition  of  the  fleet  to  biodiesel,  data was  collected  focusing  on several  agreed  upon  metrics  shown  in  the  table  below.  This  report  summarizes  the comparative  analysis  of  pre‐biodiesel  B5  implementation  and  post  biodiesel implementation.  From  these  comparisons  it  was  found  that  there  was  no  statistically significant  difference  in  maintenance,  repairs,  or  cold  weather  performance.  Given  the results of the comparative analysis thus far, B5 is comparable to standard diesel.  

Metric  Data Collected  Statistically Significant Changes? 

Comments 

Baseline Cost  Vendor Fuel 

Price  Tank Cleaning 

  Fuel contract prices  

Tank cleaning costs 

  No 

  N/A 

  $0.06/gallon probable increase  

Should not be attributed to biodiesel, but is recommended maintenance.  About $1,300 per tank 

Cold Weather Fuel Performance 

Fuel Quality Assurance Testing (Innospec) 

No  Cold  Filter  Plug  Point  and Cloud Point 

Engine Power Output 

Engine Dynamometer Test 

N/A  Re‐evaluate  if  blends  above B20 are considered 

Fuel Economy  PennDOT Database (Fuel Usage and Mileage) 

No  Theoretical  reduction  of about 0.5% 

Maintenance and Repairs 

PennDOT Database (Repair Frequency and Cost) 

No   

Emissions  See Environmental and Economic Analysis 

 

 

Environmental and Economic Analysis 

In  order  to  properly  evaluate  the  environmental  and  economic  performance  of  B5,  the research team conducted both life cycle costs (LCCs) and life cycle assessments (LCAs). No significant differences in LCC were found for any of the key metrics identified. The life cycle cost to the fleet operator varies from that of standard diesel only as related to the “price at the pump”. The LCAs were  conducted  according  to  typical  process LCAs  and utilized  the USEPA’s TRACI method for the impact assessment, with various tools used to compile the life  cycle  inventory  of  emissions.  For  a  comprehensive  explanation  of  LCA methods  and TRACI in particular, see Chapter 6.  Key findings of the LCAs are as follows: 

Biodiesel  blends  reduce  the  life  cycle  greenhouse  gas  emissions  compared  to petroleum  diesel,  because  the  carbon  content  of  the  fuel  comes  from  capture  of atmospheric  carbon dioxide by  the plants used  to provide  the  fuel.   However,  the reduction is tempered by the fossil fuel energy consumed in agricultural production, due to fertilizer and use of farm equipment, among other factors. 

The  agricultural  component  of  the  biodiesel  life  cycle  adds  a  significant environmental impact in the form of eutrophication, or nutrient pollution (generally referring to waterways) because of fertilizer runoff.  This additional impact further offsets the gains realized in the greenhouse gas category. 

Tailpipe emissions of biodiesel at low blend levels are not a significant factor, either positive or negative, in the life cycle impact assessment. 

Local sourcing of feedstocks (i.e. Pennsylvania soybeans) can have a small positive impact on the comparative LCA.  Transportation is not a significant factor.  Rather, it appears  that  PA  soybean  farming  is  slightly  less  resource‐intensive  than  typical Corn Belt practices. 

Comparative Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel Life Cycles 

Soybean Agriculture 

Soy Oil Extraction 

Biodiesel Processing 

Crude Oil Extraction 

Petroleum Refining Blending 

Biodiesel  Petroleum Diesel 

Transportation

Transportation

Transportation

Transportation 

Transportation 

Transportation

Vehicle LifetimeEffects 

Biodiesel System 

Petroleum Diesel System 

Fuel Combustion for Vehicle OperationsVehicle Maintenance 

Transportation 

Blended Fuel‐Combined System

 

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PREFACE 

This  report  presents  the  results  of  Tasks  1  through 9  of  the  research  activities  aimed  at monitoring the implementation of biodiesel in PennDOT’s District 8.  

Task  1a  reviews  previous  fleet  transitions  to  biodiesel  and  reports  on  best  practices  for PennDOT.    This  review  includes  information  such  as  cold weather  issues,  refueling,  fleet maintenance, reported equipment performance (power and fuel usage), and environmental performance (tailpipe emissions, life cycle impacts). 

Task 1b  reports  the  findings  from a  survey  that was be  conducted  to gather  information and anecdotal experiences from other DOTs who have transitioned fleets to biodiesel. 

Task  2  summarizes  the  pre‐implementation  data  collected  from  PennDOT’s  District  8 facilities.  The  data  collected  includes,  diesel  fuel  information,  biodiesel  fuel  information, fleet information, maintenance schedules, diesel fuel efficiencies, and all related costs.  

Task  3  summarizes  data  collection  during  the  implementation  phase  of  this  project, considered  to  be  one  year’s  worth  of  fleet  usage  of  biodiesel  fuel,  corresponding  to  the period  from July 2008 through June 2009.   Data  includes  fuel consumption and cost;  fuel efficiency based on recorded vehicle mileage, maintenance and repair frequency and cost, fuel  quality  assurance  test  results,  engine  dynamometer  (performance)  test  results,  and miscellaneous information gathered during biodiesel implementation. 

Task 4 reports the results of a comparative analysis from the data collected during Tasks 2 and  3.    The  comparison  specifically  addresses  cost  implications,  emissions  impacts (including  GHG  impacts),  effects  of  seasonality  performance  (including  cold  weather operations), and maintenance schedules (e.g. fleet and tanks).  

Task  5  provides  an  economic  (life  cycle  cost)  and  environmental  (life  cycle  assessment) analysis of the District 8 biodiesel pilot program. 

Task  6  extends  the  economic  and  environmental  analysis  to  the  projected  statewide implementation of B5, including the location of biodiesel suppliers both within and outside of  the state.   The reader should note  that as of mid‐2009, PennDOT has  implemented B5 usage statewide; however,  the actual results of  this  implementation do not  fall under  the scope of this project. 

Task 7 extends the economic and environmental analysis to consider alternative biodiesel formulations such as B20 and B100, based on the results from the study and previous fleet implementations.    Several scenarios are investigated to aid the state in the Penn Security Initiative, along with meeting federal requirements and strategies. 

Task  8  provides  a  draft  final  report,  a  powerpoint  presentation,  and  an  implementation handbook  for  use  in  disseminating  the  results  of  the  study  to  other  districts,  states  or government  agencies  implementing  biodiesel  in  vehicle  fleets.    Task  9  incorporates  any comments  into  this  final  report.    The  powerpoint  presentation  and  implementation handbook are transmitted separately. 

 

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All  Tasks  were  performed  by  the  University  of  Pittsburgh  under  an  intergovernmental agreement,  contract  510601‐PIT  017,  awarded  by  the  Pennsylvania  Department  of Transportation.  

The  authors  acknowledge  the  contribution  of  the  survey’s  respondents.  The  technical guidance of and information provided by William Fenkner, technical advisor of the project, Nick Fazio and Mark Reigle. 

The Table below shows the current project status, as well as  the remainder of  the  future deliverables and the date upon which they will be delivered. 

Task Description Month Due from Notice to Proceed Date

Completed (Yes/No)

0 Kick-off Meeting 2 weeks from NTP Yes

1a Literature Review and Best Practices for Implementation 3 months from NTP Yes

1b Survey of USDOTs to gather Fleet transition information 3 months from NTP Yes

2 Data Collection (Pre-Implementation) 2.5 months from NTP Yes

3 Data Collection (Implementation Phase) 15.5 months from NTP (10/09) Yes

4 Analysis and Comparison of Data Sets 17 months from NTP (11/09) Yes

5 Environmental and Economic Analyses: Pilot 18 months from NTP (12/09) Yes

6 Environmental and Economic Analyses: State-wide implementation

19 months from NTP (1/10) Yes

7 Environmental and Economic Analyses: Evaluation of alternative biodiesel formulations:

20 months from NTP (2/10) Yes

8 Draft Final report 21 months from NTP (3/10) Yes

9 Final report 22 months from NTP (4/10) Yes

10 Invoice Submission Throughout duration of project Yes

 

 

 

 

   

 

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Contents 1.  Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1.  Problem Statement and Motivation ....................................................................................................... 1 

2.  Chapter 2: Literature Review and Best Practices (Task 1a) .......................................................................... 2 2.1.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 2 2.2.  Early History (adapted from Knothe 2001) ....................................................................................... 3 2.3.  Modern History .............................................................................................................................................. 3 2.4.  Performance, Maintenance and Operational Issues: Case Studies ........................................... 4 2.5.  Emissions .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 2.6.  Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Studies .................................................................................................. 10 2.7.  Summary and Conclusions: Best Practices from Literature Review ...................................... 11 

3.  Chapter 3: Survey Results (Task 1b) ...................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.  Blank Questionnaire................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.  Survey Analysis ............................................................................................................................................ 14 3.3.  Summary and Conclusion: Survey Results ....................................................................................... 23 

4.  Chapter 4:  Data Collection (Tasks 2 and 3) ....................................................................................................... 24 4.1.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 24 4.2.  Baseline Cost ................................................................................................................................................. 25 4.3.  Cold Weather Fuel Performance ........................................................................................................... 26 4.5.  Fuel Economy ............................................................................................................................................... 27 4.6.  Maintenance and Repairs ........................................................................................................................ 28 4.7.  Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................ 28 

5.  Chapter 5:  Analysis and Comparison (Task 4) ................................................................................................. 29 5.1.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 29 5.2.  Baseline Cost ................................................................................................................................................. 30 5.3.  Cold Weather Fuel Performance ........................................................................................................... 33 5.4.  Engine Power Output ................................................................................................................................ 34 5.5.  Fuel Economy ............................................................................................................................................... 37 5.6.  Maintenance and Repairs ........................................................................................................................ 42 5.7.  Emissions ........................................................................................................................................................ 45 5.8.  Summary of Preliminary Analysis Findings ..................................................................................... 46 

6.  Chapter 6 (Task 5): Environmental and Economic Analysis: Pilot Project .......................................... 48 6.1.  Life Cycle Cost ............................................................................................................................................... 48 6.1.1.  Previous Studies of Biodiesel Costs ................................................................................................ 48 6.1.2.  Relevant Data from Previous Tasks ............................................................................................... 49 6.1.3.  Life Cycle Cost Procedure ................................................................................................................... 50 6.1.4.  Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................................ 50 6.2.  Overview of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ........................................................................................ 51 6.3.  LCA Problem Statement, Goal and Scope, System Boundaries ................................................. 53 6.4.  Life Cycle Inventory – Pilot Project ...................................................................................................... 57 6.4.1.  Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 57 6.4.2.  Description of Life Cycle Inventory Models Used ..................................................................... 57 6.4.3.  LCI of Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture ........................................................................................... 57 6.4.4.  LCI of Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation 59 6.4.5.  LCI of Vehicle Operation and Emissions ....................................................................................... 62 6.4.6.  LCI of Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation ................................... 64 6.5.  Life Cycle Impact Assessment – Pilot Project .................................................................................. 65 6.5.1.  Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 65 6.5.2.  Description of Life Cycle Impact Assessment Models Used ................................................. 65 

 

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6.5.3.  LCIA of Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture ........................................................................................ 66 6.5.4.  LCIA of Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation  68 6.5.5.  LCIA of Vehicle Operation and Emissions .................................................................................... 70 6.5.6.  LCIA of Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation ................................ 71 6.6.  Results of Task 5: Environmental and Economic Analysis: Pilot Project ............................. 72 

7.  Chapter 7 (Task 6): Environmental and Economic Analysis: Statewide Implementation ............ 74 7.1.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 74 7.2.  Life Cycle Cost ............................................................................................................................................... 75 7.3.  Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) .................................................................................................................. 76 7.3.1.  Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture ........................................................................................................ 76 7.3.2.  Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation ............. 76 7.3.3.  Vehicle Operation and Emissions .................................................................................................... 78 7.3.4.  Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation ................................................ 79 7.4.  Results of Task 6: Environmental and Economic Analysis: Statewide Implementation82 

8.  Chapter 8 (Task 7): Environmental and Economic Analysis: Evaluation of Alternative Biodiesel Formulations ................................................................................................................................................................................ 83 8.1.  Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 83 8.1.1.  Penn Security Fuels Initiative ........................................................................................................... 83 8.1.2.  Federal Energy Policy Act of 1992 .................................................................................................. 83 8.1.3.  Federal Renewable Fuels Standards .............................................................................................. 84 8.2.  Life Cycle Cost and Economic Assessment ....................................................................................... 85 8.2.1.  Life Cycle Cost .......................................................................................................................................... 85 8.2.2.  Additional Economic Impacts ........................................................................................................... 87 8.3.  Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) .................................................................................................................. 88 8.3.1.  Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 88 8.3.2.  Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture ........................................................................................................ 88 8.3.3.  Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation ............. 89 8.3.4.  Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation ................................................ 90 8.3.5.  Vehicle Operation and Emissions .................................................................................................... 91 8.4.  Results and Discussion .............................................................................................................................. 91 

References: ........................................................................................................................................................... 93 

Appendix 1: Survey Results (Task 2) ........................................................................................................... 97 

Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5) ............................................................................... 119  

   

 

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LIST OF FIGURES 

Figure 1 Biodiesel Production Process Diagram (Taken from US Department of Energy)...... 2 Figure 2.  Biodiesel Emissions Impacts (From EPA, 2002) .................................................................... 9 Figure 3.   Before and After Pictures of Tank Cleaning ......................................................................... 32 Figure 4 ‐ Dynamometer Test Results for Torque .................................................................................. 34 Figure 5 ‐ Dynamometer Test Results for Power .................................................................................... 35 Figure 6 ‐ Dynamometer Test Results for Fuel Pressure ..................................................................... 36 Figure 7 ‐ Monthly Fuel Consumption by Trucks .................................................................................... 37 Figure 8 ‐ Monthly Fuel Consumption by Off‐Road Equipment ........................................................ 38 Figure 9 ‐ Fleetwide Monthly Average Fuel Economy for All Trucks ............................................. 40 Figure 11 – Total Cost of Repairs .................................................................................................................... 42 Figure 10 – Total Number of Repairs ........................................................................................................... 42 Figure 12. Total Number of Engine Repairs .............................................................................................. 43 Figure 13. Total Cost of Engine Repairs ....................................................................................................... 43 Figure 14 ‐ Engine Repair Cost per Gallon of Fuel Consumed ........................................................... 43 Figure 15 ‐ Comparison of Seasonal Fuel Filter Changes ..................................................................... 44 Figure 16‐ Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Relationships .............................................................. 52 Figure 17 ‐ Major Life Cycle Stages for Diesel and Biodiesel .............................................................. 53 Figure 18 ‐ System Boundary and Processes for Soybean Agriculture .......................................... 54 Figure  19  ‐  System Boundary  and  Processes  for  Soy Oil  Extraction,  Processing,  Blending and Transportation ............................................................................................................................................... 56 Figure 20 ‐ Location of Production Facilities, Distribution Terminals & Storage Tanks ....... 60 Figure 21 ‐ TRACI Model Schematic from USEPA Web Page .............................................................. 66 Figure 22 ‐ Stage Contribution for Soybean Farming LCIA Results by Impact Category ....... 68 Figure 23 ‐ LCIA Results by Per Stage for 1 lb Soybean Throughput .............................................. 70 Figure 24 ‐ LCIA Results for B5 and ULSD .................................................................................................. 72 Figure 25‐ Map of PennDOT Districts ........................................................................................................... 75 Figure 26 ‐ LCIA Results for Processing and Distribution of Biodiesel for 1 lb Soybeans for District 8 Only ......................................................................................................................................................... 77 Figure 27 – LCIA Results for Processing and Distribution of Biodiesel for 1 lb Soybeans for All PennDOT District ............................................................................................................................................ 77 Figure  28  ‐  County  Specific  Emissions  Factors  Compared  to  Statewide Average  Emission Factor for Selected Pollutants .......................................................................................................................... 80 Figure 29 ‐ Change in Emissions Factors from Statewide Average for Selected Pollutants by PennDOT District ................................................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 30 ‐ Change in LCIA Category Values from Statewide Average by PennDOT District81 Figure 31 ‐ Results of Statewide LCIA for B5 and ULSD ....................................................................... 82 Figure 32 ‐ US Biodiesel Production, Exports, Consumption and RFS2 Mandates ................... 84 Figure 33 ‐ Diesel and Biodiesel Retail Price History ............................................................................ 85 Figure 34 ‐ Comparison of TRACI Impacts ‐ Corn Belt and PA Soybean Agriculture ............... 89 Figure  35‐  Comparison  of  TRACI  Impacts  for  Biodiesel  Production  and  Transportation Scenarios ................................................................................................................................................................... 90 Figure 36 – LCIA Results for ULSD, B5, B20 and B100 ......................................................................... 92  

 

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LIST OF TABLES 

Table 1.  Biodiesel Performance and Maintenance Issues ...................................................................... 6 Table 2.  Sample Studies of Biodiesel Emissions ........................................................................................ 8 Table 3.  Sample Life Cycle Studies of Biodiesel ....................................................................................... 10 Table 4.  Diesel Storage Tanks and Flushing ............................................................................................. 14 Table 5.  Equipment Preparation .................................................................................................................... 15 Table 6.  Biodiesel Mixing Methods ............................................................................................................... 15 Table 7.  Noticeable Power Impacts of Biodiesel ..................................................................................... 16 Table 8.  Biodiesel Cold Weather Issues ...................................................................................................... 17 Table 9.  Biodiesel Emission Testing ............................................................................................................. 17 Table 10.  Biodiesel and Emissions ................................................................................................................ 18 Table 11.  Biodiesel and Warranty Experiences ...................................................................................... 19 Table 12.  Equipment Maintenance Procedures and Biodiesel ......................................................... 20 Table 13.  Unscheduled Maintenance and Biodiesel .............................................................................. 20 Table 14.  Economic Comparison of Diesel and Biodiesel ................................................................... 21 Table 15 ‐ Evaluation Metrics and Supporting Data .............................................................................. 24 Table 16 ‐ District 8 Equipment Breakdown (on February 9, 2009) .............................................. 25 Table 17‐ ULSD Quality Assurance Testing Results ............................................................................... 26 Table 18: B5 Quality Assurance Testing Results ..................................................................................... 27 Table 19 – Cost Implications of Evaluation Metrics ............................................................................... 29 Table 20 ‐ Diesel and B5 Price Quotes Received 5‐24‐2007 .............................................................. 30 Table  21  ‐  Average  Prices  for  B5  in  District  8  and  ULSD  in  District  3  During  Biodiesel Implementation Period ....................................................................................................................................... 31 Table 22 ‐ Annual Tank Cleaning Costs ....................................................................................................... 32 Table 23 ‐ Two‐Sample T‐Test Results for Cold Weather Performance ........................................ 33 Table 24 ‐ Dynamometer Test Fuel Consumption .................................................................................. 34 Table 25 ‐ Total District 8 Diesel Fuel Consumption ............................................................................. 37 Table 26 ‐ Percent of Refueling Transactions for Trucks Included in the Analysis .................. 39 Table 27‐ Average Annual Fuel Economy for Trucks ............................................................................ 40 Table 28  ‐ Comparison of PennDOT Diesel  and Retail Diesel  Fuel Economies  for Tandem Dump Trucks ........................................................................................................................................................... 41 Table 29 ‐ Regulated Emissions from Heavy‐Duty Diesel Trucks .................................................... 45 Table 30 ‐ Regulated Emissions from Off‐Road Equipment ............................................................... 45 Table  31  ‐  Biodiesel  Emissions  Factors  (Percent  Increase  or  Decrease  from  Diesel  Fuel) from US EPA ............................................................................................................................................................. 46 Table 32 ‐ Summary of Evaluation Metrics and Results ....................................................................... 47 Table 33 ‐ Biodiesel Performance Metrics and Life Cycle Cost Implications .............................. 49 Table 34 ‐ Key Inputs for Estimating LCI of Soybean Farming Stage ............................................. 58 Table 35 ‐ Process Data Sources for Transportation and Processing Stage ................................ 59 Table 36 ‐ Production Facility to Distribution Facility Transportation Distance Calculation ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 61 Table 37 ‐ Comparison of GREET and Ecoinvent Transesterification Data ................................. 62 Table 38 ‐ Fleetwide Consumption‐Weighted Emissions Factors ................................................... 63 Table  39  –  Biodiesel:  Soybean  Agriculture  –  LCIA  Results  by  Stage  for  Producing  1  kg Soybeans .................................................................................................................................................................... 67 

 

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Table 40 – Biodiesel: Soy Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation ‐ ............ 69 Table 41 – B5 and ULSD: LCIA Results for Combustion Emissions of 1 Gallon of Fuel ........... 71 Table  42  ‐  Petroleum  Diesel:  Extraction,  Refining  and  Transportation  ‐  LCIA  Results  for Production of 1 Gallon of Fuel ......................................................................................................................... 71 Table 43 ‐ PennSecurity Fuels Initiative ..................................................................................................... 83 Table 44 ‐ Average Retail Prices of Diesel and Biodiesel Blends ...................................................... 85 Table 45 ‐ Diesel and B20 Price Quotes Received 5‐24‐2007 ............................................................ 86 Table 46 ‐ Production Scenarios for Biodiesel Blends for PennDOT Usage ................................. 87 Table 47 ‐ Transportation Distances for Selected Biodiesel Production Scenarios ................. 90 Table 48 ‐ Biodiesel Emissions Factors Including B100 ...................................................................... 91 

 

 

 

 

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1. Chapter 1: Introduction 

1.1. Problem Statement and Motivation  

PennDOT  is  currently  undertaking  a  pilot  study  in  District  8  investigating  the  use  of biodiesel  in their existing fleet.   The experiences of District 8 will assist other Districts  in their  potential  biodiesel  usage.    The  objective  of  this  work  order  is  to  assist  PennDOT during their District 8 pilot fleet transition to biodiesel.  For the entire study, the University will provide information and recommendations on best practices for current biodiesel (B5) implementation,  and  for  other  possibilities  for  biodiesel  implementation  including additional  biodiesel  formulations  (e.g.,  B20,  B100)  and  the  relationship  between manufacturers’  recommendations  and  warranties.  The  University  will  also  provide recommendations with  respect  to measures  to  be  taken  to meet  2010  federal  emissions requirements.    The  analysis  will  include  information  on  economic  impacts  and environmental  impacts,  along  with  evaluating  performance,  for  the  pilot  study  and statewide implications.  

 

 

 

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2. Chapter 2: Literature Review and Best Practices (Task 1a) 

2.1. Introduction Biodiesel is defined by ASTM Standard D6751 as the mono‐alkyl ester of plant‐ or animal‐ derived oils and fats.  It has similar combustion properties to standard diesel fuel, making it suitable  for use  in unmodified compression‐ignition (diesel) engines.   Biodiesel  is usually produced by a process called transesterification, in which the naturally occurring oils (also known  as  triacylglycerols,  with  a  molecular  structure  consisting  of  three  hydrocarbon chains  attached  to  a  glycerol molecule)  are  reacted with  an  alcohol  in  the  presence  of  a catalyst  (usually a base such as potassium hydroxide)  to  split  the  fatty acid hydrocarbon chains  from  the  glycerol,  resulting  in  mono‐alkyl  esters  (biodiesel)  and  a  glycerine molecule.  The mass balance of the process is roughly as follows: 

10 Oil + 1 Alcohol + Catalyst => 10 Biodiesel + 1 Glycerine 

The glycerine is heavier than the biodiesel and can be mechanically separated and used for various  purposes  such  as  soap  or  ethylene  glycol manufacturing,  though  it  is  sometimes wasted.    Various  processes  exist  to  rid  the  remaining  biodiesel  of  impurities,  including additional glycerine.  See Figure 1.   

 

 

Figure 1 Biodiesel Production Process Diagram (Taken from US Department of Energy)  http://www.eere.energy.gov/afdc/fuels/biodiesel_production.html 

Biodiesel can be made from almost any plant which yields oil;  typical mass production  is centered  on  soybeans  in  the United  States,  rapeseed  (canola)  in  Europe,  and palm oil  in tropical locations.  However, various experiments have been conducted using sunflower oil, cottonseed  oil,  peanut  oil,  linseed  oil,  olive  oil,  and  many  other  species.    A  significant component of modern research being conducted in developing countries revolves around the potential for biodiesel production from native tropical plants, such as jatropha in India.  Biodiesel can also be made from waste vegetable oil (used cooking oil), tallow (animal fat), 

 

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and  from  various  unicellular  organisms  such  as  algae  and  bacteria.    The  chemical composition of biodiesel differs  from source  to source because each naturally‐derived oil consists of a different mixture of hydrocarbon chains with different lengths, branching and degrees of saturation. 

The National Biodiesel Board (NBB; www.biodiesel.org) promote the use of biodiesel and provides technical information for suppliers and users.  NBB maintains an online database of  articles  related  to  biodiesel  usage  and  best  practices.    The  US  Department  of  Energy, Office  of Energy Efficiency  and Renewable Energy  (EERE; www.eere.energy.gov)  and  the National  Renewable  Energy  Laboratory  (NREL;  www.nrel.gov)  has  sponsored  or participated in a large amount of biodiesel research; their reports are also available online at: http://nrelpubs.nrel.gov/Webtop/ws/nich/www/public/SearchForm .   

The  information cited  in  this  literature search was obtained  from NBB, NREL,  the United States  Environmental  Protection  Agency  (US  EPA),  and  various  peer‐reviewed  scientific journals. 

2.2. Early History (adapted from Knothe 2001)  Use  of  plant‐derived  oils  in  compression‐ignition  engines  dates  back  as  far  as  the  first diesel engines. Rudolf Diesel ran his demonstration engine on peanut oil at the 1900 Paris World  Fair,  after  petroleum  fuels were  already widely  available  for  internal‐combustion engines.   Diesel  noted  in  a 1912 paper  that  other natural  oils  such  as  castor  oil  and oils from animal fats could also be used in his engines.  Although the impetus for such activities seems to have stemmed from European nations’ desires to develop a  fuel which could be locally manufactured and used in their tropical colonies, Diesel stressed the importance of biodiesel as early as 1912.  

The  first  descriptions  of  today’s  biodiesel,  or  mono‐alkyl  esters  of  vegetable  oils,  came during the World War II era.  Increased use of vegetable oils as emergency fuels at the time led to attempts to refine the technology; in 1938, J. Walton recommended that “to get the utmost  value  from  vegetable  oils  as  fuel  it  is  academically  necessary  to  split  off  the triglycerides and to run on residual fatty acid.”  This concept also appears in a 1937 Belgian patent granted to G. Chavanne of the University of Brussels which describes the use of ethyl esters of palm oils as diesel fuel.  Chavanne and others operated a commercial bus on palm‐oil esters in 1938; this study is also notable because it is the first to report testing of plant‐oil esters for cetane number (CN).   

2.3. Modern History Research  on  plant‐oils  and  their  esters  as  diesel  fuel  appeared  in  earnest  in  the  United States in the late 1970s and early 1980s, possibly spurred by the 1973 OPEC oil embargo and the 1979 energy crisis.  Experiments conducted at this time initially focused on the use of various mixes of unmodified “straight” vegetable oil with petroleum diesel, even though the concept of biodiesel had been introduced thirty years earlier.  Tests demonstrated that use of  the unmodified oils, over  time,  caused unacceptable carbon deposits  in  the engine and tended to gel at fairly high temperatures [1].  Attention became focused on the esters of these  oils,  because  of  their  lower  viscosity  and  better  cold‐flow  properties.    In  some  of these experiments, Bruwer et al. [2] tested engines on methyl esters of sunflower oil; Fort 

 

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and  Blumberg  [3]  tested  engines  on  cottonseed  oil,  and  Clark  et  al.  [4]  performed  tests using  ethyl  and  methyl  esters  of  soybean  oil.    Clark  reported  minor  decreases  in  fuel efficiency  and  power  output,  increased  gum  formation,  slightly  lower  hydrocarbon emissions and significantly increased nitrous oxide (NO2) emissions.  This increase in NOx emissions was also reported by Fort and Blumberg as referenced by Clark and is discussed in  depth  herein  under  “emissions”.    The  first  modern  experiment  using  the transesterification process to convert waste vegetable oil into biodiesel was conducted by Nye [5] with results demonstrating reasonable success in terms of conversion percentages.  

After  initial  successful  experiments,  the pace of development  in biodiesel  research  in  the United  States  seems  to  have  slowed  until  the mid‐to‐late  1990s.    Interest  in  alternative fuels may have been rekindled by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and the Energy Policy Act of 1992 which legislated restrictions on diesel emissions and sources of fuel for government  agencies,  respectively.    Of  note,  the National  Soy Diesel Development Board was formed in 1992 by soybean farmers and changed its name to National Biodiesel Board (NBB) in 1994.   

Graboski  [1]  summarized  biodiesel  research  conducted  to  that  date  and  highlighted conclusions and needs at the time of writing as follows: 

Biodiesel is a technically viable fuel   NOx emissions are higher than conventional (petro) diesel   Current  (1998)  prices  are  too  high  for  biodiesel  from  soy  or  rapeseed  to  be 

economically feasible  Needs:  Lower  cost  feedstocks,  heterogeneous  catalysts  (for  simplified 

manufacturing),  development  of  beneficial  use  of  co‐products  (e.g.  glycerine), control  of  purity,  optimization  of  oxidative  stability,  improvement  of  cold  flow properties,  understanding  the  apparent  NOx/particulate  matter  (PM)  emissions trade‐off, and understanding potential toxic or unregulated emissions effects.  

 

Further  review  of  available  literature  for  this  report  indicates  recent  peer‐reviewed research on emissions characteristics and control as discussed herein under  “emissions”, along with several significant real‐world performance evaluations.  Research on lower cost feedstocks  is  being  done  in  developing  countries,  particularly  in  tropical  areas  using  a variety of tropical “oil‐seed” plants; the use of jatropha in India is one example. 

2.4. Performance, Maintenance and Operational Issues: Case Studies The chemical composition of biodiesel is different enough from standard petroleum diesel fuel  to  warrant  detailed  studies  of  its  effects  on  the  performance  of  diesel  engines.  Generally,  100%  biodiesel  contains  approximately  10%  less  available  energy  for combustion per gallon than petrodiesel, leading to proportionately lower outputs in terms of  fuel  economy  (miles  per  gallon  (mpg))  and  power  output  at  a  given  engine  loading.  Biodiesel  is also more  susceptible  to cold weather gelling; blends of up  to 20% biodiesel generally have an increase of about 10 degrees Celsius in cold filter plugging point.  Older engines  with  natural  rubber  gaskets  were  susceptible  to  degradation  of  the  seals  when used with biodiesel; this is generally not a problem with modern fluoroelastomer seals.   

 

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The  following  three  studies  documented  data  acquisition  and  testing  conducted  on  real‐world fleets operated on biodiesel blends (discussion follows): 

2.4.1. State DOT Experience  Researchers at South Dakota State University [6] conducted a survey of biodiesel use and experience among the various State Departments of Transportation (DOTs), at the request of  the  South Dakota DOT.    48  of  the  50 DOTs  responded  to  the  survey, which  contained questions  regarding  biodiesel  policies  and  reasons  for  adoption,  quantities  used,  blends used,  and  maintenance  and  performance  issues.    Highlights  of  the  survey  responses included: 

19  states  reported  experience  using  biodiesel  blends,  with  78%  using  B20  and  the remainder using B5 or B2.  North Carolina (NCDOT) reported the highest usage with 3.1 million gallons of B20 used as of  the date of  the  survey response.   Three other DOTs reported over 1 million gallons used: Kansas (B2), Nebraska (B20) and Missouri (B20).   

All but one state used soy methyl ester  (SME) as  their source of biodiesel.   Ohio DOT reported using yellow grease in addition to SME. 

While many of the respondents indicated potential concerns with biodiesel (ranked in order from highest to lowest: Cost, Cold weather issues, Storage and infrastructure, NOx emissions,  Performance,  Quality/Warranty  issues),  few  agencies  reported  actual problems  (other  than  cost).    Several  states  discontinued  usage  during  cold  weather; while several states reported fuel filter plugging problems, which generally disappeared after  continued  usage.    Possible  causes  of  the  filter  plugging  included  cold  weather gelling, bacterial growth, dissolution of previous tank buildup, and glycerine buildup. 

Blending and procurement methods varied widely among the available methods.  Performance and fuel economy varied from unaffected to slightly lower. 

2.4.2. 100,000­Mile Transit Bus Evaluation Proc  et  al.  [7]  conducted  an  evaluation  of  nine  buses  operated  by  the  Regional Transportation District  in Boulder, Colorado.   All buses ran on  the same route;  five were operated on B20 and four on petroleum diesel.   Data gathered on these vehicles included emissions and performance testing using a chassis dynamometer; cumulative fuel economy over  the  study  period;  total maintenance  and  replacement  parts  cost;  frequency  of  road calls (where the operator calls in to dispatch to report a mechanical problem); sampling of fuels  for  quality  control;  and  lube  oil  analysis.    The  only  notable maintenance difference between the buses operated on B20 and those operated on petrodiesel was more frequent fuel  filter  replacement  in  the  B20  buses.    The  more  frequent  filter  replacement  was implemented as a preventative maintenance procedure after several filter plugging events which may have been caused by deterioration of the biodiesel at low tank levels after long periods of storage.   The B20 buses had generally lower emissions of criteria pollutants as described in the other literature and less deterioration of engine lubricant compared to the petrodiesel  buses.    Inconsistent  blending  of  the  biodiesel  upon  delivery was  also  noted.  Statistical differences in engine performance with respect to peak power and fuel economy were nonexistent in the real‐world study.  With respect to many variables, the variations in the  individual  vehicle  engines  (although  all  engines were  of  the  same  type  and  from  the 

 

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same manufacturer) appeared to be much greater regardless of  fuel,  than the differences brought upon by the different fuels. 

2.4.3. Arlington County, Virginia Implementation:  Atherton [8] reports on the implementation of B20 in Arlington County, Virginia’s fleet of school  buses,  maintenance  vehicles  and  other  equipment  (Atherton’s  firm,  Latitude Associates,  was  hired  by  Arlington  County  as  a  consultant  to  prepare  this  report).  Arlington began using B20 in 2001, primarily to reduce the visible smoke emissions from its equipment after complaints by residents.  Maintenance equipment included fire trucks, buses, backhoes, pickups, dump trucks, leaf collectors, generators and various other pieces.  Arlington implemented several management practices upon implementation: 

Prior to receiving biodiesel: cleaned tanks, installed fuel filters in dispensers  Increased inspection frequency of fuel filters  Limited storage of biodiesel in tanks and equipment to about 30 days  Used a cold weather flow additive (this was previously done with standard diesel)  Stored their biodiesel in underground storage tanks to prevent freezing / gelling 

 

Arlington reported better than expected results with B20 including no noticeable reduction in  performance  or  fuel  economy;  no  increase  in  maintenance  concerns,  and  a  very noticeable reduction in smoke plumes, especially upon startup. 

The above three examples demonstrate reasonable success in implementation of biodiesel.  From these and other studies cited herein, agencies can expect to have a few, surmountable concerns (other than cost) when implementing biodiesel in blends up to B20 (Table 1): 

Table 1.  Biodiesel Performance and Maintenance Issues 

Issues  Mitigations 

Fuel Quality  Suppliers must certify fuel and should provide documentation that  it meets  specifications  (ASTM D6751  for  B100);  Agency should  perform  quality  assurance  (Q/A)  testing  for  content and quality 

Cold Weather Handling  Seasonal  change  in  biodiesel  blend  percentage  (lower  in winter); cold‐flow improving additives, sheltered storage 

Stability / Degradation  Do not store for long periods 

Fuel Filter Plugging  Clean  tanks  at  outset;  install  dispenser  filters,  inspect  fuel filters (especially initially) and replace if necessary 

 

It is recognized that all these mitigation strategies come at an increased cost which must be balanced against the reasons in favor of using biodiesel.  These results are in concurrence with the NREL’s “Biodiesel Handling and Use Guidelines”. 

 

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2.5. Emissions The difference in chemical composition of biodiesel versus petrodiesel leads to significant differences in emissions characteristics.  Biodiesel contains approximately 10% oxygen by weight  whereas  petroleum  diesel  contains  no  oxygen.    The  oxygen  content  leads  to significant  differences  in  combustion  properties.    Combustion  occurs  more  completely, because  the  required  oxygen  for  combustion  is  partially  provided  in  the  fuel,  reducing hydrocarbon and CO emissions, changing the characteristics of particulate emissions, and tending  to  slightly  increase  nitrogen  oxides  (NOx)  emissions.    The  increase  in  NOx emissions  is  a  drawback  to  biodiesel  because  these  emissions  are  highly  regulated  since they  are  precursors  to  ground‐level  ozone/smog  formation  which  has  demonstrated adverse human health  effects.   Many  studies  cite  the  existence of  a  “NOx / PM  tradeoff”; more complete combustion of a  fuel  tends  to reduce PM (soot) emissions, but  the higher combustion  temperatures  generated  in  the  process  tend  to  increase  “thermal  NOx” formation,  where  nitrogen  in  the  intake  air  is  made  more  reactive  by  the  higher temperatures.   The NOx / PM tradeoff  is notable between biodiesels made from different sources, as well as between biodiesel and standard diesel, but is not clearly responsible for all of the “biodiesel NOx effect.”    

2.5.1. Review of Initial Peer­Reviewed Literature (Emissions)  As  noted  in  the  above  history  section,  as  early  as  1984  Clark  reported  emissions measurements  for  soy biodiesel,  including  lower hydrocarbon emissions  and higher NOx emissions.   These results were confirmed by Schumacher  [9]  for 100% soy biodiesel and Chang  [10]  for  several  diesel/soy  biodiesel  blends,  and  numerous  other  researchers.  Schumacher  reported  slight  reduction  of  CO,  48%  reduction  of  hydrocarbons,  20% reduction of particulates, and 13% increase of NOx.  Chang reported 25%‐28% reductions in  particulates  depending  on  the  blend,  significant  reductions  of  carbon  monoxide  and hydrocarbons,  and  a  12%  increase  of  NOx.    However,  Peterson  [11]reported  similar reductions in hydrocarbons but a 10% increase in particulates and a 10% decrease in CO for rapeseed methyl and ethyl ester blends.  Schumacher tested additional engines in 1996 and found that a B20 blend along with retarded fuel injection timing alleviated the increase in NOx emissions without causing increases in other emissions.  Clark and Lyons [12] and Wang [13] tested several heavy trucks from various manufacturers in different test cycles on a chassis dynamometer and found varying reductions in hydrocarbons and particulates, consistent  reductions  in  CO,  and  consistent  slight  increases  in  NOx.    Generally  similar results were reported by Monyem and Carnakci [14]and Schumacher [15].   Peterson [16] tested  various  feedstock oils  (coconut,  used  soy,  rapeseed, mustard,  safflower  and virgin soy)  and  found  a  correlation  between  increasing  cetane  number  and  decreasing  NOx emissions. 

   

 

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Table 2.  Sample Studies of Biodiesel Emissions 

Reference Study (Year) 

Emissions Results with respect to “Standard Diesel” (Typically No. 2 Diesel)

HC  CO PM NOx

Clark (1984)  Lower  Not measured Not measured +3x to 4x

Schumacher (1992) 

‐48%  Slight reduction ‐20% +13% 

Chang (1996)  Reduced  Reduced ‐25% to ‐28% +12% 

Peterson (1996) 

Reduced  Reduced +10% ‐10% 

Schumacher (1996) 

‐7% to ‐11%  ‐15% to ‐26% ‐8% to ‐30% +4% to ‐8%

Clark (1999)  +2% to ‐18%  ‐5% to ‐20% +10% to ‐20% +0% to +8%

Peterson (2000) 

‐40% to ‐70%  ‐30% to ‐80% +150% to ‐70% +0% to ‐25%

Monyem (2001) 

‐65% to ‐30%  ‐60% to ‐10% Not measured ‐10% to +20%

 

McCormick  [17]  reported  on  the  testing  of  emissions  from  the  chemical  composition  of biodiesel from various sources (7 from real‐world feedstocks and 14 from pure fatty acids).  McCormick  concluded  that  in  particular,  NOx  emissions  are  significantly  affected  by chemical  composition of  the  fuel.    Fatty  acid  esters with  shorter  chains,  or  fewer double bonds (a higher degree of saturation) produced lower NOx emissions without significantly increasing emissions of particulates.  He suggests that the best way to alter the emissions of a biodiesel fuel is to alter its molecular structure. 

 

2.5.2. EPA Draft Report (Emissions)  The US EPA released Draft Technical Report EPA420‐P‐02‐001 in 2002 [18], presenting a comprehensive  analysis  of  biodiesel  emissions  based  on  publicly  available  data  found  in literature  searches.    A  database  of  emissions  factors  used  in  the  statistical  analysis  is available on the EPA website.   An often‐cited graph  from the report  is reproduced below Figure 2. 

 

 

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Figure 2.  Biodiesel Emissions Impacts (From EPA, 2002) 

The graph summarizes the most frequent conclusions from the early literature search that reported  increases  in  NOx  and  decreases  in  other  criteria  pollutants.    While  this information appears  to be valid,  recent studies have criticized  the report  in several ways including: 

Engines tested in the studies analyzed were typically pre‐1997 engines.  None of the engines were equipped with emissions control technologies (discussed 

later herein) such as exhaust gas recirculation, NOx adsorbers, or particulate filters.  (Not noted in the report): Engines tested in the studies analyzed may not have been 

statistically representative of the on‐road fleet at the time  

2.5.3. Review of Current Peer­Reviewed Literature (Emissions)  Recent research (2003 to present) has focused the following issues: 

Altering  fuel  characteristics  or  combustion  processes  to  reduce  NOx  emissions, either by altering the fuel chemistry or genetic manipulation : 

o Ethanol/diesel, ethanol/biodiesel/diesel blends [19] o Use  of  biotechnology  to modify  the  fatty  acid  composition  of  soy  biodiesel 

[20] o Computational models and experiments verifying 4 ways of reducing NOx – 

EGR,  retarding  injection  timing,  increasing  spray  cone angle  and  charge air cooling [21] 

o Ethanol/diesel/biodiesel blends [22] o  “Designer” biodiesel via refinement of oil [23]   

Altering engine fuel injection timing to reduce NOx emissions [24];   Emissions  of  non‐criteria  pollutants  with  potential  adverse  human  health  effects 

[25];  

 

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Life Cycle Assessment studies (LCA – described in a separate section herein);  Combined  impacts  and  compatibility  of  biodiesel  with  newer  emission  control 

technologies such as the following; however, (none of which are currently mandated on  diesel  engines  but which may  be  required  to meet  increasingly  stringent  EPA emissions criteria): 

o Diesel particulate filters (DPFs ‐ [26]; [27]; [24]) o Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR – [28]; [29]; [30])  o Catalytic converters (literature references are few) 

 

New technologies for emissions control pose a challenge for biodiesel usage because they may be based on the specific combustion characteristics of petroleum diesel fuel and thus compatibility with biodiesel may be an issue.  These technologies may limit the flexibility of individual  vehicles with  respect  to  switching  between  petrodiesel  and  biodiesel without expensive alterations.   In the same way, altering the injection timing of engines to control NOx emissions  is not a  simple procedure.   However, recent results have shown  that a biodiesel,  including biodiesel/ultra­low­sulfur  (ULSD) diesel blends, works as well or better than ULSD alone to combine with DPF and EGR technologies for a maximum reduction  in  emissions.    It  is  expected  that  continuing  research will  focus  on  building emissions  control  systems  for  diesel  vehicles  that  determine  the  best  emission‐reducing characteristics for both petroleum diesel and biodiesel. 

2.6. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Studies A brief summary of several significant Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies of biodiesel fuel and its environmental and economic impacts is included below.  LCAs attempt to measure the  full  impacts  of  a  product  or  process  during  all  steps  of  its  manufacturing,  use  and disposal.    LCAs provide  valuable data  for making  environmental  and  economic  decisions that  are not  captured  in  reports which quantify  only upfront  costs or  tailpipe emissions.  For example, an LCA  for biodiesel may take  into account  the CO2 emissions generated by the clearing of forest land to plant biofuel crops, or the beneficial use of a byproduct, such as glycerine to make soap. 

A  comparison  of  “life  cycle”  environmental  impacts  calculated  by  two  notable  studies  of biodiesel or biofuels  is summarized in Table 3.   Future reports prepared under this work order will  investigate additional LCAs conducted  to date  in order  to prepare LCA‐related deliverables identified in subsequent tasks. 

Table 3.  Sample Life Cycle Studies of Biodiesel 

Study  Fuel  Life Cycle Energy Output (per 

equivalent input in petroleum) 

Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas 

Emissions (percentage of 

petroleum diesel) 

Life Cycle Hydrocarbon Emissions 

(percentage of petroleum diesel) 

Sheehan 1998   Soy Biodiesel  ‐B100 ‐B20 Petroleum Diesel 

3.20 0.98* 0.83* 

22% (CO2) 85% (CO2) 100% (CO2) 

135%** ‐‐‐ 

100% 

 

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Hill 2006  Soy Biodiesel (B100)  

1.93 59% ‐‐

Hill 2006  Corn Ethanol (100%) 

1.25 88% ‐‐

*Less than 1.0 because it accounts for energy consumed in extracting, refining, and transport. **Increase due to hexane emissions from refining.  

2.7. Summary and Conclusions: Best Practices from Literature Review An examination of the peer‐reviewed literature in scientific journals generally supports the biodiesel  “best  practices”  available  from  NBB/NREL.    Their  “best  practice”  guidelines should result in acceptable performance results for agencies implementing biodiesel use in a fleet of vehicles.   

Best Practices for biodiesel implementation in blends up to B20 include: 

Quality Control:    Fuel should meet ASTM standards (D6751 for B100 used in blending).    The  blend  should  also  be  periodically  tested  for  biodiesel  content  to  ensure 

consistency.  Cold Weather:   

Consider  lowering  biodiesel  blend  percentage  below  B20  during  the  winter months   

Have the supplier premix cold flow improvers and keep extra additives on hand.    Store fuel in sheltered areas; keep tanks full. 

Fleet Maintenance:  Perform regularly scheduled maintenance activities as usual.  Inspect  fuel  filters  frequently during  the early stages; expect  to change slightly 

more often initially.  Storage and Refueling: 

Limit storage time as practical.  Perform cursory visual inspection of tanks frequently.  Take samples of fuel from tanks to check for degradation.  Consider installing filters on tank dispensers. 

Performance and Emissions  Consider lowering blend percentage in NOx non‐attainment areas. 

 

If  the  implementing agency  follows  the handling and use guidelines,  including guidelines for cold weather storage, and ensures that their supplier certify the biodiesel according to ASTM D6751, use of biodiesel blends up  to 20% (B20) should not present a problem  for most existing fleets.   

 

 

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3. Chapter 3: Survey Results (Task 1b) A  survey  was  sent  to  organizations  such  as  U.S.  DOT’s,  school  districts,  and  private companies, (including the Atlantic County Utilities Authority (ACUA)) that have switched to biodiesel.  The survey was developed in conjunction with the literature review and focused on questions that would best address PennDOT’s needs. The objectives of this survey were to  establish  the  best  practices  for  making  the  change  from  (petro)  diesel  to  biodiesel, obtain any pertinent information involving changes in repairs, maintenance increases, and blend  information,  as  well  as  determine  the  benefits  and  problems  associated  with  the switch. 

A  total of  forty‐six organizations were contacted via email or phone.   As of September 8, 2008,  eleven  responses were  received with  nine  completed  surveys.    The  response  rate was approximately 24% while the completed survey response rate was just over 19%.  Of the organizations that completed the survey, nearly 89% used B20. 

The  following  section  is  an  uncompleted  copy  of  the  questionnaire  that was  sent  out  to each organization.  Section 3.2 describes the analysis of the completed survey. Section 3.3 reviews the conclusions and considerations that were obtained from the analysis. 

3.1. Blank Questionnaire  Date________________               Organization Surveyed _______________________________________ Biodiesel Blend_______                    Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching:___________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________        Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching:_________________________________________________             __________________________________________________________________________________        Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed):_______________________________________________              ___________________________________________________________________________________        Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  ____________________________________________________________________________________   

 

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Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration:__________________             ____________________________________________________________________________________     

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods):_______________________________________________________         _________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

 Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch:________                     

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: _______________________                     

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx______________       NOx____________    CO2_____________   Particulate Matter ______________   Any others____________________________________________________________________________    

 Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): ______________________________________________________________________________       ___________________________________________________________________________________        Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): ____________________________________________________________________________________     ____________________________________________________________________________________     

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: _________________________________________________________________________________________________  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage?___________________________                 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: 

______________________________________________________________________         

 

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If so, when was done and what were the units used for comparison between the two: 

______________________________________________________________________________________________   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: _____________________________________________________________________________________       _____________________________________________________________________________________     _____________________________________________________________________________________      

3.2. Survey Analysis The results of the survey are presented by question.   

3.2.1. Question  1  (Did  you  use  the  same  tanks  as  you  used  for  prior  diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching?) 

The question was  intended to determine whether or not  the organizations employed any cleaning strategies prior to the switch to biodiesel.  Due to the cleansing effect of biodiesel, it  is  sometimes  recommended  that  the  tanks  be  flushed  prior  to  the  switch  to  avoid blockage  from loosened particles.     Table 4 below shows the results of who  flushed their tanks  as well  as  an  explanation  of why  Santa Monica  and Minnesota DOT  (MODOT)  did.  Besides  MODOT,  the  groups  that  initially  did  not  flush  their  tanks  did  not  report  any problems as a result.   

Table 4.  Diesel Storage Tanks and Flushing 

Respondent Used Same tanks 

Flushed Tanks 

Alcoa, Davenport  X   St Louis Int. Airport  X   City of Santa Monica  X  x* Glacier Natl. Park  X  x 

ACUA  X   Unita Brewing  X   

Bartholomew County  X   MODOT  X  x* 

City of Flagstaff  X   Note: Santa Monica only flushed the older of its two tanks, and MODOT only flushed its tanks after it experienced problems with cleansing.  

3.2.2. Question 2 (Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel  was  being  used  in  such  as  flushing  engines  and  fuel  lines  prior  to switching?) 

 

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The  purpose  of  this  question  was  to  determine  what  precautions  if  any  were  taken  to ensure  the  protection  of  the  equipment  during  the  fuel  conversion.    These  precautions would also be due to the initial cleansing effect of the biodiesel.  Table 5 below explains the steps taken by each group.  Although most groups did not take any preparation steps with respect  to  the  equipment,  the  increase  changing  of  fuel  filters  is  a  common  response throughout the survey. 

Table 5.  Equipment Preparation 

Respondent  Equipment Preparation Steps 

Alcoa Davenport Changed fuel filters after a few 

weeks. St Louis Int. Airport  None taken 

City of Santa Monica None taken on equipment, just 

tanks Glacier Natl. Park  None taken ACUA  None taken Unita Brewing  None taken Bartholomew County  None taken 

MODOT Changed fuel filters more often 

"Stocked up on filters" City of Flagstaff  None taken 

3.2.3. Question 3 (Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel,  if  so what  type was  it and has  it been effective  (thoroughly evenly mixed)?) 

This question was intended to determine if there was a preferred or most common method of mixing.   With  the different mixing  options  available  such  as  in‐line mixing  and  splash mixing, the goal was to determine if there was one definitive best option.     Table 6 below shows  that  of  the  groups  that  knew  their  blending  methods,  100%  of  the  groups  used splash blending.  ACUA reported that splash blending was the only method available but it was not the best method for them, possibly due to the results of incomplete mixing.  

Table 6.  Biodiesel Mixing Methods 

Respondent  Mixing Method Alcoa, Davenport  "100 soy mix" no method stated St Louis Int. Airport  Unknown City of Santa Monica  Splash blending Glacier Natl. Park  Splash blending ACUA  Splash blending Unita Brewing  No Comment Bartholomew County  No Comment MODOT  Splash blending City of Flagstaff  Splash blending "100% soy mix" 

 

  27

 

3.2.4. Question 4 (Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible)?): 

This  question  was  developed  in  regards  to  studies  that  suggested  decreases  in  certain performance areas associated with the use of biodiesel.  All of the respondents reported that they had no noticeable changes with respect to miles per gallon. 

3.2.5. Question  5  (Did  you  have  a  noticeable  increase  or  decrease  with power/torque/acceleration?) 

This question was developed  in regards  to studies  that reported changes  in performance with respect to the metrics of power and torque.   There have been reported decreases in availability of power and torque associated with the use of biodiesel; however,  in general the  survey  respondents  reported  no  noticeable  decreases  with  the  exception  of  cold weather effects.  Table 7 shows the responses of each group.  

Table 7.  Noticeable Power Impacts of Biodiesel 

Respondent  Noticeable Power Increase/Decrease Alcoa , Davenport  No noticeable change St Louis Int. Airport  No noticeable change City of Santa Monica  Slight power loss in one older machine* 

Glacier Natl. Park Decrease in power, torque, and acceleration in 

cold weather ACUA  No noticeable change Unita Brewing  No noticeable change Bartholomew County  No noticeable change MODOT  No noticeable change City of Flagstaff  No noticeable change *Off­road John Deere seems to have power loss.” 

 

3.2.6. Question 6 (Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods)?) 

The focus of this question was to look at one of the major areas of concern for biodiesel use.    The  effects  of  gelling  can  be  one  of  the  biggest  detriments  to  the  successful implementation of biodiesel.  This is especially important for PennDOT because one of the  major  responsibilities  is  plowing  and  road  maintenance  during  cold  weather months.   Of  the  groups  surveyed,  all  but  one  reported  that  gelling was  a  concern  for them.    Table  8  below  shows  there  were  several  approaches  taken  to  address  the concerns with gelling.  Along with the use of additives, one of the shared solutions was 

 

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switching fuels  to a  lower content (B5).   This could be useful  if PennDOT proceeds to use higher content biodiesel in the future. 

Table 8.  Biodiesel Cold Weather Issues 

Respondent  Gelling Concerns/ Steps Taken to Avoid Gelling Alcoa , Davenport  No, despite using outdoor tanks and cold climate St Louis Int. Airport  Used same additives for B20 as diesel #2 City of Santa Monica 

No, but used had high animal fat blend that presented plugging problem 

Glacier Natl. Park  Used additives but had other associated problems* 

ACUA Gelling was a concern, switched to B5 instead of B20 in winter 

Unita Brewing  Cold weather was concern but no additives used Bartholomew County  Dealer used "additives" experienced no problems 

MODOT Used winter blend diesel blend from Nov. 1‐ Mar 31 each year 

City of Flagstaff  Used winter #1 with Arctic Express additives *Note:  Glacier Natl.  Park  had  problems  associated with  additives;  some  of  their  equipment  has  heaters.    Additives  have  caused major problems, as in destroying the glue that holds the fuel filters together, thus clogging the injectors which cost $2500.00 to replace. They also had to buy one new engine at the cost of $8,000.00 for the problems they have had. 

3.2.7. Question 7 (Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch and if so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel?)  

This question was used solely in conjecture with the following question to determine if there was any data available for emissions testing comparison.  Of the groups surveyed, only three groups performed emissions baseline testing.  Table 9 shows which groups had the tests performed with results presented in the following question. 

Table 9.  Biodiesel Emission Testing 

Respondent Performed Emissions Baseline and 

Post Switch Testing Alcoa, Davenport  Yes St Louis Int. Airport  No City of Santa Monica  Yes Glacier Natl. Park  No ACUA  No Unita Brewing  No Bartholomew County  No MODOT  No City of Flagstaff  Yes 

 

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3.2.8. Question 8 (Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories SOx, NOx, CO2, PM, Others?) 

Many  studies  have  shown  changes  in  certain  emissions  due  to  biodiesel  combustion.    In general  it  is believed that SOx, CO2, and PM emissions decrease with the use of biodiesel while NOx has been shown to typically remain about the same.  The results in Table 10 are mixed.  Because there was no standardization of the data, the results are displayed as was reported  below.    Since  all  groups  used  B20,  there  is  no  obvious  explanation  for  the discrepancies in the results.   

Table 10.  Biodiesel and Emissions 

  CO2  PM  SOx  NOx 

Alcoa , Davenport  No data 80% 

Decrease  No Data  No Data City of Santa Monica  Decrease  Decrease  Decrease  No Change 

City of Flagstaff 17% 

Decrease 22% 

Decrease No 

Change  28% Increase  It is also worth noting that although some of the groups did not have testing done they did have noticeable changes in factors related to emissions.  These statements are presented below: St. Louis Int. Airport­ The garage that the equipment is parked in did not smell as bad when units were started up. Glacier National Park­ There were not any actual tests done on emissions and they did not notice a visual change or even a different odor.  

3.2.9. Question 9 (Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what)?) 

This  question  was  aimed  at  focusing  on  potential  conflicts  between  owners  and manufacturers  over  the  possibility  of  voiding  warranties  due  to  the  use  of  biodiesel.  Manufacturers say that their equipment was not made to be used with biodiesel and thus the  equipment  was  used  outside  the  guidelines  of  normal  use.    Table  11  shows  the experiences encountered by each organization with regards to warranty issues. 

   

 

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Table 11.  Biodiesel and Warranty Experiences 

Respondent  Warranty Experiences 

Alcoa, Davenport Manufacturers informed prior to implementation. No problems and now included in specifications. 

St Louis Int. Airport Minimal warranty work needed.  No issues conveyed from service personnel. 

City of Santa Monica 

Warranty claims initially denied; however, agency proved that problems were non‐fuel related since fuel was high quality. Manufacturer paid claim. 

Glacier Natl. Park Using biodiesel voided the warranty on engine and fuel system. 

ACUA  One Ford engine failed and warranty was rejected Unita Brewing  No Problems Bartholomew County  Found warranty impact, but had no claims 

MODOT Added clause to contracts stating use of B20, no warranty problems 

City of Flagstaff  No Problems ‐"Felt benefit worth risk"   

The results of the survey showed that 44% of the groups experienced effects on the validity of the warranty after the use of biodiesel.   Although in half of those, there were either no claims  or  they were  able  to  prove  that  the  biodiesel  was  not  the  reason  for  the  failure. The best practice seems to be the approach taken by Alcoa and MODOT.  Both informed the manufacturers  of  the  equipment  prior  to  the  change  to  biodiesel  and  incorporated  into their contracts that they would be using biodiesel and that it would have no effects on the warranties. 

 MODOT‐When  you  really  dig  into  warranties,  you  will  find  that  no  manufacturer  will warrant a product that fails due to fuel issues.  We also inserted a statement in all of our fleet contracts indicating that we use biodiesel (B20 blend) April through October of each year and by submitting pricing, they are acknowledging that they are aware that we use biodiesel and will continue to offer their standard warranty coverage. 

3.2.10. Question 10 (Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups, etc?) 

The question was postulated  to determine any necessary changes with  respect  to  typical equipment  maintenance  schedules.    As  was  expected,  the  only  change  in  typical maintenance schedules was the interval of filter changes.  Results are reported in Table 12.  Nearly  78% of  the  groups  reported  at  least  initial  increases  in  the  rate  of  filter  changes.  Once again due to the cleansing nature of biodiesel, the best practice recommendation is to 

 

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pay proper diligence to the filter maintenance, especially  immediately  following biodiesel implementation. 

Table 12.  Equipment Maintenance Procedures and Biodiesel 

Respondent Changes to Equipment Maintenance 

Procedures Alcoa, Davenport  Changed filters after a few weeks St Louis Int. Airport  Increased oil change intervals City of Santa Monica  Changed filters more frequently Glacier Natl. Park  Changed filters more frequently ACUA  Routine filter changes Unita Brewing  No Bartholomew County  No MODOT  Increased Initial oil change intervals City of Flagstaff  Changed filters weekly than monthly 

 Questions 11 (Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change)  

This  question  was  intended  to  determine  the  potential  harmful  impacts  on  equipment through the use of biodiesel.  Results are listed in Table 13.  Similar to the question above the main  concerns were  focused  upon  the  need  for  changing  filters  to  prevent  clogging.  There  was  also  mention  of  the  effects  of  gelling,  discussed  earlier.    The  only  report  of problems  was  from  St.  Louis  Airport  stating  difficulty  in  3  of  their  200  units,  but  the difficulties  were  not  specified.    The  best  practice  recommendations  would  follow  those addressed above in questions 3.2.6 and 3.2.10 

Table 13.  Unscheduled Maintenance and Biodiesel 

Respondent  Increases to Unscheduled Maintenance Alcoa , Davenport  No St Louis Int. Airport  3 older units out of over 200 City of Santa Monica  Changed filters more frequently Glacier Natl. Park  Had problems with gelling, used heaters ACUA  No problems if filters changed properly Unita Brewing  No Bartholomew County  No 

MODOT Filters clogged initially but after few tanks no problems 

City of Flagstaff  No  

 

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3.2.11. Question 12 (Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage?)  

This question was developed to address the potential breakdown of the biodiesel due to extended periods of storage.  All groups reported that due to their rate of turnover, this was not an issue.  With the rate of turnover at the PennDOT districts, this does not appear to be an area of concern for this study either.   The only comments were that the City of Flagstaff does remove water from the tanks once a year and Alcoa experienced “bacteria growth on biodiesel stored in a backup generator tank that was not used in over a year.” 

3.2.12. Question 13 (Was  there any comparison done  to determine  if  the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient  than  the pure diesel and  if  so, when was  it  done  and what were  the  units  used  for  comparison  between  the two?) 

This  question  was  formulated  to  address  the  potential  shift  to  biodiesel  for  economic factors.   The results  in Table 14 show that  there was no common response.   Two groups responded that  the cost was about  the same with no numerical data.   Two groups stated that no official comparison was done and they reached opposite conclusions involving the cost difference. Finally two of the groups responded with actual numerical cost differences of  between  $0.10‐$0.18  increases.    It  is  important  to  note  that  the  Flagstaff  study  was conducted almost two years ago.    It  is possible that the recent volatility  in the petroleum market may have changed these results significantly in either direction. 

Table 14.  Economic Comparison of Diesel and Biodiesel 

Respondent  Economic Comparison & Results Alcoa , Davenport  About the same cost* St Louis Int Airport  No 

City of Santa Monica Fuel cost same due to "Federal blender’s Fuel Tax Credit" no comparison 

Glacier Natl. Park  No official comparison, biodiesel definitely cost more ACUA  No official comparison, biodiesel usually less expensive Unita Brewing  No Bartholomew County  No MODOT  No official study, pay $.10‐$.15 premium on avg. City of Flagstaff  Done October 2006, Initially $.18 higher *Note:  Commented  that  even  if  it  cost  a  premium  they  “they wouldn’t mind  a  higher  cost because  they  feel  that  the benefits have outweighed cost. There are 100 engines running at the same time in an enclosed building 80 feet tall; they had blue haze with petroleum diesel which cleared with biodiesel. Also, there’s no diesel smell.” 

 

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3.2.13. Question 14 (Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add) 

This  question  was  added  to  attempt  to  collect  any  important  information  and recommendations  that were not  covered by  the  survey.    Each group  that  responded had insightful  comments  all  of which  pertained  to  different  things.    As  there was  no  general formatting to the question the answers from the groups that responded to the question are presented below: 

Alcoa, Davenport:  “There was  the  same btu  level, a much higher  lubricity  that cut down on noise and vibrations.” 

St. Louis  Int. Airport:  “I will  attach  a  copy  of  our  alternate  fuel  program  here  at Lambert for your review.” (See Appendix 1: Survey Results (Task 2))  

City  of  Santa Monica:  “Feedstock  seems  to  be  a  very  important  factor  for  several reasons.  Animal fat gels at higher temps.  Soy has a better cloud point, but the cost is more volatile because of the commodities markets.   Reclaimed cooking oil  is cheaper and may  have  better  emissions,  but  has  limited  supply.    Palm  oil may  have  better emissions, but is typically not produced sustainably (tropical forests cut down to plant palms and then shipped by tanker.)” 

Glacier  National  Park:  “The  biodiesel  seemed  to work  ok  in  the  summer months where they are in northwest Montana. He would not recommend using it in the winter, at  least not with B20. They have noticed that some of the steel  fuel tanks have some rust  issues that clog the  filters over time and  in his opinion biodiesel costs more and causes more problems than biodiesel and that the problems outweigh the benefits.” 

ACUA:   “They changed to biodiesel  for one reason – to keep with their mission as an environmental  leader.  It at  times has caused  them problems, but biodiesel meets  the goals of their organization.” 

Unita Brewing: “They only have one delivery truck that they use for out of state sales and they haven’t looked into it at all.” 

Bartholomew County: “They are no  longer using biodiesel.   The cost  incentives ran out and it became cost prohibitive.” 

MODOT: “No” 

City of Flagstaff: “If you are interested in using biodiesel: (1) make sure supplier is BQ9000 certified (2) should use soybean or rapeseed in cold climate (3) make sure sample is taken and results kept on file for every load. We did experience gelling with B20 after October 2006 with ULSD diesel – found out no winter blend #1 available – kerosene not 15 ppm – so October 1 through April 20th we used B5 until kerosene 15 ppm and winter blend was available.”  

 

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One of the more interesting things in the information above was the switch from B20 to B5 during the winters to avoid gelling.  This could be a potentially beneficial idea if PennDOT did decide to increase to higher biodiesel blends in the future.  

3.3. Summary and Conclusion: Survey Results The survey of these organizations was conducted in order to combine existing knowledge and experiences with the use of biodiesel to aid in the current PennDOT transition.  All of the  respondents  of  the  survey  used  mainly  B20  for  the  majority  of  the  year.    Splash blending was the only reported method of blending and only ACUA stated that  it was not the  best  method.    The  most  prevalent  reason  for  use  of  biodiesel  was  the  perceived environmental benefits; although, state mandates and positive economic benefits were also attributed reasons for change. 

The  cleansing effect  of biodiesel  in  the  long  run  is beneficial;  however,  short  term  it  can produce problems with clogging.  Due to this, some groups flushed the storage tanks prior to the switch.   Through this study it was found that only 33% of the groups flushed their tanks, and of those one chose to do it only due to filter clogging from the cleansing effect.  The other 66% experienced no problems  from not  flushing  the  fuel  tanks  first.    The  fuel filters on the equipment, however, did experience problems with plugging initially.  Due to plugging, 78% of the groups recommended at least initially increasing the frequency of fuel filter changes.   

Cold weather performance of biodiesel did not appear to be a major problem for any of the groups except one.  ACUA and MODOT changed from B20 to a lower blend, B5, and a winter blend diesel mix respectively.  Glacier National Park experienced problems with gelling at temperatures  below  10  degrees  and  used  heaters  in  the  equipment  or  heated  storage garages.   They also had difficulty with  the additives used  in preventing gelling damaging one of the machines.   No other problems were reported due to gelling. 

Effects upon manufacturer’s warranties were reported by 44% of the respondents.  These effects were only a cause for issue with two of the groups, one of which was resolved when the biodiesel was shown to not have been the cause of  the problems.   MODOT and Alcoa both  informed  the  equipment  manufacturers  of  the  switch  to  biodiesel  and  included clauses in their contracts stating that the fuel use would have no effects on the warranties.  No other warranty issues were reported. 

The  experience  with  the  groups  using  biodiesel  was  generally  positive.    Only  Glacier National  Park  recommended  against  the  use  of  biodiesel.    The  other  groups  reported numerous benefits associated with the switch and stated that the benefits far outweigh any associated  problems.    Aside  from  the  initial  increase  in  filter  changes,  the  transition  to biodiesel  was  typically  a  smooth  one.    There  was  not  enough  economic  data  to make  a strong conclusion about the cost differential between biodiesel and typical diesel, this was also the case for emissions results.   

 

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4. Chapter 4:  Data Collection (Tasks 2 and 3) 

4.1. Introduction Data was  collected  to  support  the  evaluation  of  PennDOT’s  transition  from  #2  diesel  to biodiesel for the key metrics identified in Table 15. Pre‐implementation data (Task 2) and post‐implementation data (Task 3) were collected for each metric as shown in Table 15.  In some cases, datasets could be used to evaluate more than one metric. 

Table 15 ­ Evaluation Metrics and Supporting Data 

Metric  Data Collected 

Baseline Cost Fuel contract prices Tank cleaning costs 

Cold Weather Fuel Performance Fuel Quality Assurance Testing (Innospec) 

Engine Power Output  Engine Dynamometer Test Fuel Economy  PennDOT Database Maintenance and Repairs  PennDOT Database 

Emissions 

PennDOT Database + Emission Factors from Literature Review 

 

Much  of  the  required  data was  gathered  from  PennDOT’s  extensive  fuel  and  equipment databases.  A brief description of the available information in each database is summarized below.   

4.1.1. Equipment Database PennDOT maintains  a  complete  electronic  inventory  of  all maintenance  equipment.    The database contains tables describing the equipment as well as tables describing each repair or routine maintenance function performed on each piece.  Diesel equipment comprises the majority of the fleet; the diesel highway maintenance fleet consists largely of on‐road heavy trucks used for snow plowing and material haulage and distribution.   However,  there are smaller but significant components of the fleet dedicated to earthmoving, mowing, paving, and other functions.  The number of units, or individual pieces of equipment in the fleet, as well  as  the  exact  breakdown  of  equipment  types,  is  subject  to  change  based  on  fleet updates which may occur  at  any  time.    The  equipment  listing  used  for  this  analysis was obtained from PennDOT’s database on February 9, 2009 and represented the status of the fleet  at  that  time.   A breakdown of  the equipment distribution  into major  categories and subcategories is given in Table 16. 

   

 

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Table 16 ­ District 8 Equipment Breakdown (on February 9, 2009) 

Category  Class  Number of Units in Category or Class 

Total Fleet  1127 

Truck 

Tandem Dump  219 

Crew Cab  138 

Single Axle Dump  98 

All Other  181 

Road Surface  Maintenance 

All  185 

Earth Moving Loader  78 

Excavator  13 

Other  57 

Vegetation Control  Tractor Mower  20 

All Other  30 

Other  108 

 

4.1.2. Fuel Database PennDOT maintains a separate database to track fuel consumption.  An entry is created in the database each time a vehicle refuels.  Whether the vehicle is refueled at a retail station or  at  a  PennDOT  fuel  depot  (tank),  a  fleet  card  is  used  to  “purchase”  the  fuel  and  the transaction  is  added  to  the  database.    The  transaction  records  include  fields  such  as  the type of  fuel, quantity of  fuel, price per gallon (in the case of  fuel obtained from PennDOT depots,  no  price  is  recorded),  vehicle’s  equipment  identification  number,  date,  time,  and other information. 

4.2. Baseline Cost Basic  information  on  fuel  cost  is  required  to  establish  a  “baseline”  for  evaluation  and comparison of diesel versus biodiesel.   The baseline as defined herein refers to the stated cost  of  the  fuel  purchased  by  PennDOT  from  the  fuel  vendor.      Additional  costs,  or  cost savings, such as increases or decreases in plant maintenance (e.g., fuel tank cleaning), fuel economy, and maintenance or repair costs can be expressed in terms of cost per gallon of fuel and the baseline cost adjusted accordingly. 

Prior to the inception of this research, PennDOT staff assembled a comparison of the costs of  the  proposed  biodiesel  program.    This  comparison  included  the  baseline  fuel  cost  as established  over  several  previous  years’  consumption,  estimated  increases  due  to  the biodiesel blend content, and estimated costs for tank cleaning.  In addition, actual costs for the biodiesel fuel and tank cleaning have been determined and are included in this report.  Since no unblended  fuel was delivered  to PennDOT District 8 during  the  implementation 

 

  37

period to directly establish a cost comparison, prices obtained from the adjacent District 3 for ULSD were evaluated as the best available data for comparison.    

Results of the baseline cost comparison are presented in Section 5.2. 

4.2.1. Tank Cleaning Prior  to  switching  to  B5  fuel,  all  of  the  fuel  storage  tanks  in  PennDOT  District  8  were drained and cleaned, following the “best practices” outlined in Chapters 2 and 3.  The cost to clean the tanks has been assigned to the biodiesel fuel; however it is suggested that this practice be considered on a yearly basis regardless of whether the fuel contains biodiesel or  not.    Annual  tank  cleaning  can  identify whether  excess water  accumulation,  sediment accumulation or biological  fouling  is occurring within  the  tank;  the situation can  then be remedied.  Results of the tank cleaning and inspections are presented in Section 5.2.1. 

4.3. Cold Weather Fuel Performance In order to assure fuel quality, tests are routinely performed on the fuel in PennDOT’s tanks by Innospec’s Quality Assurance Program.  These tests focus on areas discussed in the literature review: Cloud Point (ASTM D2500, D5772), CFPP (ASTM D6371), Pour Point (ASTM D97, D5950), and Water (PPM).  In order to form a comparison, test results from tanks containing Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel and the B5 blend biodiesel were both collected during similar periods of time when cold weather performance was important (winter months).  The combined results for these tests as well as the averages and standard deviation for each category are shown in Table 17 and   Table 18.  This data is further analyzed in section 5.3.  

Table 17­ ULSD Quality Assurance Testing Results 

Location Date Collected 

Cloud Point (F°) 

CFPP (F°) 

Pour Point (F°) 

Water (PPM) 

Coudersport  1/29/2009 ‐4 ‐41.88 ‐49  35 White Mills  2/12/2009 8.6 ‐7.6 ‐54.4  43 White Mills  2/4/2009 10.4 3.2 ‐27.4  13 Coudersport  1/21/2009 12.2 ‐0.4 ‐22  14 Huntingdon  1/21/2009 12.2 ‐9.4 ‐32.8  14 Huntingdon  1/21/2009 12.2 ‐9.4 ‐27.4  13 Huntingdon  1/21/2009 12.2 ‐13 27.4  13 Average     9.1 ‐11.2 ‐26.5  20.7 St. Dev     5.9 14.7 26.6  12.7 

 

 

  38

 

Table 18: B5 Quality Assurance Testing Results 

Location Date Collected 

Cloud Point (F°) 

CFPP (F°) 

Pour Point (F°) 

Water (PPM) 

Lebanon  2/12/2009 10.4 ‐4 ‐22  21 Lebanon  2/12/2009 10.4 ‐2.2 ‐22  19 Carlisle  12/8/2008 10.4 ‐9.4 ‐27.4  18 Average     10.4 ‐5.2 ‐23.8  19.3 St. Dev     0.0 3.7 3.1  1.5 

 

4.4. Engine Power Output A dynamometer  test using a 2000 model year Mack engine was performed on November 19, 2008.  This test was conducted using biodiesel blends of B99, B20, and B5 as well as on regular ULSD  in  order  to  have  a  baseline  for  comparison.    The  blends  of  biodiesel were blended  according  to  weight  by  mixing  appropriate  parts  of  diesel  and  B99  to  achieve grades of B20 and B5.  The fuels were then weighed prior to use in the dynamometer test in order to establish a baseline to determine consumption differences between the fuels. 

The dynamometer  test  consisted of  a  15 minute  progression  of  various  speeds  and  time durations  using  each  type  of  fuel.    The  speed  and  time  intervals  were  held  consistent regardless of which fuel was being used.  During each interval, an average was taken of all the  performance  data  available  for  that  period  and  recorded  onto  a  spread  sheet.    The metrics  that were  recorded were:  Torque  (ft‐lbs),  Power  (Hp),  Oil  Pressure  (PSI),  Boost Pressure  (PSI),  Fuel  Pressure  (PSI),  Exhaust  Temperature  (Degrees  F),  Water  Temp (Degrees  F)  Humidity,  and  Barometer  (mm  Hg).    After  each  test  the  weight  of  the unconsumed fuel was obtained, the engine and fuel lines were flushed, and the filters were replaced.  The results and analysis of these tests are discussed in 5.45.3. 

4.5. Fuel Economy Fuel  consumption  was  provided  by  PennDOT  for  each  vehicle  in  the  District  8  diesel maintenance  fleet  for  the period of  January 2005  through mid‐May 2009.    The  total  fuel consumption  and  fuel  economy  for  the  various  time  periods was  analyzed  from  the  raw data  for  individual  refueling  transactions  by  vehicle  and  by  time  period  (generally monthly) within the overall time frame of the study.  

While fuel consumption data is recorded automatically, some of the data needed to obtain fuel  economy  results  is  entered manually.    The  equipment  operator  is  prompted  at  the pump to enter the odometer reading (mileage) or cumulative usage hour reading.  Because this  is a manual entry,  it  is subject  to operator error,  resulting  in some unusable mileage readings.   A typical example of an unusable mileage reading (by inspection of the data) is an  additional  or missing  digit;  for  example  a  vehicle  with  50,000 miles  on  it may  see  a reading near 5,000 or 500,000.  A method to reduce the effect of these errors is described in Section 4.5. 

 

  39

4.6. Maintenance and Repairs Repair  information  was  collected  for  fuel  fiscal  year  2007‐08  (July  2007  through  June 2008)  and  2008‐09.    PennDOT’s  equipment  database  contains  an  entry  for  each  repair, including  the equipment  identification number, date  the repair was  initiated,  repair  type, total  cost  including  parts  and  labor,  and  other  information.    PennDOT  also  performs preventative maintenance, or PM services, on all  equipment on a  routine, predetermined basis;  these  services  are  collected  in  the  database  as  well.    The  PM  schedule  is  time‐dependent  but  also  fuel  consumption‐dependent;  PennDOT  maintains  a  standard  fuel consumption interval for each type of equipment to undergo a “fuel consumption PM”.  This interval  includes  a minimum  and maximum  value;  thus,  some  flexibility  is  built  into  the system to allow efficient scheduling of these services.   

The database was initialized on July 9, 2007.  Therefore, information on repairs conducted from  July  1,  2007  through  July  8,  2007  is  not  available.    This  information  has  been estimated by pro‐rating the information from July 9 through July 31 for the entire month.  Since  the missing period represents 8 out of 31 calendar days  in  the month (25.8%),  the repair quantity and cost was adjusted accordingly by multiplying by (1 + 25.8%/(1‐25.8%) = 1.35. 

4.7. Emissions Emissions  testing  for  diesel  equipment  is  not  required  by  Pennsylvania  state  law  and PennDOT  does  not  have  an  emissions  testing  or  tracking  policy.    Information  regarding emissions factors for various equipment types was obtained from published literature and regulatory  requirements.    These  emissions  factors were  applied  to  the  fuel  consumption and  equipment  information  from  PennDOT’s  databases  to  estimate  fleet  emissions.  Emissions factors for biodiesel blends compared to petroleum diesel fuel are also available in  the  literature  (Chapter  2)  and  were  applied  to  the  overall  fleet  emissions  for  the implementation period.   Results of  the emissions analysis are discussed  in more detail  in Section 4.7. 

 

  40

5. Chapter 5:  Analysis and Comparison (Task 4)  

5.1. Introduction The data acquired under Tasks 2 and 3 was analyzed to identify any changes that resulted as a consequence of the transition to B5 fuel.  . Table 19 identifies potential relationships to cost for all the metrics; however, the cost associated with several of these metrics was not able to be numerically quantified within the confines of this study.   

Table 19 – Cost Implications of Evaluation Metrics 

Metric  Potential Relationships to Cost 

Cost Included in  this Report 

Baseline Cost  ‐  YES Cold Weather Fuel Performance  Increased or decreased operator 

labor hours  Increased or decreased additives in supplied fuel – factored into supplier price 

Increased or decreased  additive use by County equipment managers 

NO  

YES  

 NO 

Engine Power Output  Increased or decreased fuel consumption by off‐road equipment or trucks on non‐road driving cycles 

Increased labor hours 

YES    NO 

Fuel Economy  Increased or decreased fuel consumption for trucks on road driving cycles 

YES 

Maintenance and Repairs  Increased  or  decreased  cost  of maintenance and repairs 

YES 

Emissions  Effects are externalized and cost implications, if any, are borne by the general public or workers 

NO, life cycle assessment included in future tasks 

 

   

 

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5.2. Baseline Cost Per‐gallon fuel prices are established at the county level.   Each county within District 8 is responsible  for  ordering  fuel.    At  the  time  of  the  order,  the  pre‐selected  fuel  vendor provides a price quote for the quantity ordered, which establishes a per‐gallon price.  If the quantity delivered is different from the quantity ordered, the per‐gallon price remains and the total is recalculated. 

Because  the  entire District  switched  to  B5  fuel  at  approximately  the  same  time,  no  data exists to directly compare the prices paid for B5 with the price that would have been paid for ULSD during  the  same  time  frame.    In  order  to  establish  the price differential  for B5 versus  petroleum  diesel  fuel,  several  data  sets  were  used.    Prior  to  implementation  of biodiesel  fuel,  PennDOT personnel obtained bids  from vendors  to  supply both ULSD and B5.  These comparative bids were obtained on 5‐24‐2007 and are shown in Table 20. 

Table 20 ­ Diesel and B5 Price Quotes Received 5­24­2007 

County  Diesel Price  B5 Price  Increase due to B5 

Adams   $       2.1054   $  2.1683   $  0.0629  

Cumberland   $       2.1669   $  2.2298   $  0.0629  

Dauphin   $       2.1169   $  2.1443   $  0.0274  

Franklin   $       2.1389   $  2.1482   $  0.0093  

Lancaster   $       2.1198   $  2.1828   $  0.0630  

Lebanon   $       2.1669   $  2.2298   $  0.0629  

Perry   $       2.1651   N/A    N/A  

York   $       2.2169   $  2.2798   $  0.0629  

 

A price increase of approximately $0.06 per gallon was the most common quote received.  In  order  to  increase  the  reliability  of  this  estimate,  B5  purchases  in  District  8  were compared  with  ULSD  purchases  in  neighboring  District  3  during  the  implementation period.  The comparison was performed on a monthly basis to balance the need to account for market  fluctuations over  time against  the relatively  limited number of  fuel purchases (3‐4 per month per District).  Although fuel prices change weekly or even daily, many days or weeks can go by without a fuel purchase.  The results of this analysis are shown in Table 21.    The  price  difference  between  B5  and  ULSD  varies  much  more  than  the  expected average  difference,  making  an  assessment  of  the  price  difference  difficult.    When  the monthly  results  are  averaged  over  the  entire  year  (excluding  July,  see  note  below Table 21), the average increase in price for B5 is $0.06/gallon, with a standard deviation of ±$0.33.  

 

  42

Table 21 ­ Average Prices for B5 in District 8 and ULSD in District 3 During Biodiesel Implementation Period 

Month 

District 8 Average Price 

for B5 

District 3 Average Price for ULSD 

Price Difference (B5 

– ULSD) 

July 2008   $               2.60*   $               3.50   $    (0.90)* 

August 2008   $               3.25   $               3.23   $       0.02 

September 2008   $               3.20   $               2.85   $       0.35 

October 2008   $               2.23   $               1.96   $       0.27 

November 2008   $               1.77   $               1.52   $       0.25 

December 2008   $               1.63   $               1.73   $    (0.10) 

January 2009   $               1.60   $               1.51   $       0.09 

February 2009   $               1.52   $               1.61   $    (0.09) 

March 2009   $               1.61   $               1.75   $    (0.14) 

April 2009   $               1.65   $               1.71   $    (0.05) 

May 2009   $               1.89   $               1.87   $       0.02 

June 2009  Not  yet available 

Not  yet available  

Not  yet available  

*Very low B5 price obtained from a prior contract; excluded from analysis. 

 

5.2.1. Tank Cleaning As noted in Section 4.2.1, the cost of the initial tank cleaning was assigned to the B5 fuel, although the practice is recommended on an annual basis for ULSD as well.  Tank cleaning costs  are  summarized  in  Table  22.    Assuming  an  annual  diesel  fuel  consumption  of approximately  1  million  gallons  (conservatively  low,  see  Section  5.5),  the  cost  of  tank cleaning on a per‐gallon basis is approximately $0.0275. 

   

 

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Table 22 ­ Annual Tank Cleaning Costs 

County  Tank Cleaning Cost 

Adams   $       3,200 

Cumberland  $       2,800 

Dauphin   $       4,600 

Franklin   $       3,200 

Lancaster   $       3,200 

Lebanon   $       3,200 

Perry   $       4,100 

York   $       3,200 

Total   $    27,500 

 

A  portion  of  the  tanks  were  sampled  for  water  content,  bottom  sediment  content  and biological  contamination both before and after  cleaning.   These samples are  indicative of the  condition  of  the  tank  prior  to  and  at  the  beginning  of  biodiesel  implementation.  Another round of sampling is recommended assuming tank cleaning is performed again at the beginning of  the new  fuel  year  in  early  July 2009.    The  results  of  that  round of  tank cleaning and sampling will be available for the Final Report for Task 4 of this Work Order, to evaluate whether any change in tank conditions was observed as a result of the B5 fuel.  Figure  3  provides  evidence  to  support  the  recommendation  for  periodic  tank  cleaning, regardless of the fuel used, since the contamination indicated by the color of the “before” samples occurred prior to the introduction of any biodiesel fuel. 

dd  

Figure 3.   Before and After Pictures of Tank Cleaning 

 

  44

5.3. Cold Weather Fuel Performance In  order  to  determine  if  there  was  a  statistically  significant  difference  between  the  B5 biodiesel and the ULSD fuel, a Two Sample T‐test was used  in terms of cold weather  fuel performance.    This  test  was  chosen  because  the  n  values  for  both  sample  sizes  were relatively  small  (well  below  30)  and  coming  from  populations  with  relatively  normal distributions.    With  this  test,  the  Null  hypothesis  was  that  there  was  no  significant difference between the two fuel types at the 95% confidence interval.   This means that in order for there to be a significant statistical difference for any test variable there must be a t value ≤ ‐1.860.  With 10 data points, there are a total of 8 degrees of freedom (n1+n2‐2), where n= the number of data points from each data set as shown in Table 23.  The terms n1 and  n2  are  used  because  each  set  has  a  different  number  of  data  points.    The  other variables as well as the results of the test are shown in Table 23. 

Table 23 ­ Two­Sample T­Test Results for Cold Weather Performance 

95% confidence 

Cloud Point (F°) 

CFPP (F°) 

Pour Point (F°) 

Water (PPM) 

DoF  8         X1 (Avg Sample 1)  9.1 ‐11.2 ‐26.5  20.7X2 (Avg Sample 2)  10.4 ‐5.2 ‐23.8  19.3Sp  5.1 12.8 23.1  11.0N1  (Number  of  Testing  Locations  in Sample 1)  7 7 7  7N2(Number  of  Testing  Locations  in Sample 2)  3 3 3  3s1 (Standard Deviation Sample 1)  5.9 14.7 26.6  12.7s2 (Standard Deviation Sample 1)  0.0 3.7 3.1  1.5Value of T   ‐0.4 ‐0.7 ‐0.2  0.2

 

As can be seen in the last row of Table 23, there is no T score below that of the value ‐1.860 (the  value  deemed  statistically  significant  at  the  95%  confidence  level)  with  the  closest being only ‐0.7.  This result implies that there is no reason to reject the null hypothesis that there was no difference between the samples.  Of course, these were two small sample sizes which provides reasonable room for error.  Overall though, there is no qualitative reason to conclude any statistical significance between the two fuels for any of the tested categories. 

   

 

  45

5.4. Engine Power Output The main categories of  interest for the dynamometer test were those that would be most important in Penn DOT’s primary activities, so the focus was on fuel consumption, torque, and power.   The dynamometer  itself only measures torque and power. Fuel consumption was monitored during the test by weighing the fuel before and after the 15 minute test as described in Section 4.4. Although  Table 24 shows there  is a difference  in  the amount of  fuel consumed,  the scale used was only accurate to 0.5 lbs so the data is only accurate to 0.5 gallon.  

 

Table 24 ­ Dynamometer Test Fuel Consumption 

Fuel  Fuel Consumed (Gallons)* 

Diesel  2.5 B5  2.5 B20  2.5 B99  2.5 

*Due  to  accuracy  limitations  of  the  scale  with  which  fuel consumption  was  monitored,  fuel  consumption  is  not significantly different among the different fuels.  

 Available torque was measured by the dynamometer.  As shown in Figure 4, there was only a  slight  difference  between  Diesel,  B5,  and  B20,  with  almost  no  noticeable  difference between  Diesel  and  B5.    Although  B99  produced  slightly  lower  torque,  there was  not  a large decrease in performance. 

Figure 4 ­ Dynamometer Test Results for Torque 

  

0

200400

600

8001000

1200

14001600

Ft‐lbs

Interval (Speed Range RPM)

Torque

Diesel

B5

B20

B99

 

  46

As seen in Figure 5, the results for power were similar to those of torque, with the only real difference resulting from the use of B99.  Once again Diesel and B5 were nearly identical with B20 producing marginally lower power outputs.  

Figure 5 ­ Dynamometer Test Results for Power 

  

   

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Horse Power

Interval (Speed Range RPM)

Power

Diesel

B5

B20

B99

 

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Although not  initially  a primary metric of  concern, during  the  test  of B20 and B99  there were  significant  differences  in  fuel  pressure  from  the  diesel  and  B5  tests.    As  shown  in Figure 6, there were dramatic drops in the pressure of the B99.  Since the graph is only the average of the data during the interval it does not completely display the rapid fluctuations during the B99 run that were occurring within the interval itself.  These fluctuations could be heard in the form of audible cues that were different from the other three tests and was observed initially in the 2100 RPM range. 

Figure 6 ­ Dynamometer Test Results for Fuel Pressure 

  

According to the results obtained from the dynamometer test there was essentially no difference in performance between typical petrol based diesel and B5.  There was also only a marginal performance decrease with respect to diesel and B20.   The difference between  B99  and  diesel  was  the most  pronounced  (approximately  7%  ignoring  fuel pressure),  however  outside  of  the  fluctuation with  the  fuel  pressure,  B99  performed similar to that of typical diesel.    Due to the Fuel pressure drop noticed while using B99, it is recommend that if a blend higher than B20 is to be used that the test be conducted again using the desired blend on multiple engines on different duty cycles as well as contacting the manufacturers for insight onto the causes of possible fuel pressure drop. 

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

PSI

Interval (Speed Range RPM)

Fuel Pressure

Diesel

B5

B20

B99

 

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5.5. Fuel Economy Since biodiesel usage began in July 2008, and it  is understood that the typical annual fuel contracts begin with the month of July, the pre‐implementation data was organized by “fuel fiscal years” to provide a direct seasonal comparison with the single‐year set of biodiesel‐related data.  Total diesel fuel consumption in the District from the available data is shown in Table 25. 

Table 25 ­ Total District 8 Diesel Fuel Consumption 

Fuel Fiscal Year(1)  Gallons of Diesel Fuel Consumed 

Percent Consumed By Trucks 

Percent Consumed By All Other Equipment 

2005‐06 – Diesel(2)  1,082,340  87%  13% 2006‐07 – ULSD Diesel  1,279,337  87%  13% 2007‐08 – ULSD Diesel  1,287,184  89%  11% 2008‐09 – B5(3)  1,210,333  89%  11% (1) Defined as July 1 of the initial year through June 30 of the following year. (2) Assumed to be Low Sulfur (500 ppm) diesel as opposed to ULSD (15 ppm). (3) Does not include June. 

 Figure 7 ­ Monthly Fuel Consumption by Trucks 

 

 

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Total  fuel  consumption  by  month  for  trucks  and  off‐road  equipment  for  the  data  time period is shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, respectively.  However, total fuel consumption is not  the  best  measure  of  fuel  performance,  because  it  is  influenced  by  many  factors. Demands on the equipment are highly variable over time and even between seasons.      In particular,  winter  road  maintenance  is  strongly  dependent  on  precipitation.  A  more complete  picture  of  the  similarities  or  differences  between  diesel  performance  and  B5 performance can be obtained by studying the fuel economy as discussed in the remainder of this section. 

 Figure 8 ­ Monthly Fuel Consumption by Off­Road Equipment 

  Since on‐road trucks make up the vast majority of the total fuel consumption, only trucks were evaluated in the comparative fuel economy analysis, primarily because the remaining equipment  is of highly variable makeup and often does not have a duty cycle adequately represented by mileage.   This judgment appears to be corroborated by the consistency of the overall  fuel  consumption  results  from year  to year as  shown  in Table 25,  and by  the results of the analysis performed on the trucks, described below.  The  existence  of  erroneous mileage  readings  can potentially  skew  the  results  of  the  fuel economy calculations.  Theoretically, the average fuel economy for any time period can be obtained using only the first and last mileage readings for that time period along with the total fuel consumption for that period.   Thus for any given time period, as long as the first and  last mileage  readings  are  correct,  the  fuel  economy measured  over  that  entire  time period will be correct.  However, there is some chance that an erroneous reading will occur at the beginning or end of the time period in question, skewing the entire result if only the beginning  and  ending  readings  are  used,  especially  if  the  error  is  large  (i.e.  an  order‐of‐magnitude  error  of  adding  or  omitting  a  digit).    It  is  therefore  important  to  “filter”  the transactions  for  erroneous  readings  and  attempt  to  correct  or  exclude  them  wherever possible.   

 

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 Each transaction record was subjected to the following rules for inclusion in the analysis: 

(1) If  the  odometer  reading was  less  than  the  odometer  reading  for  the  immediately preceding transaction for the same piece of equipment, the subject transaction was not used in the fuel economy calculations. 

(2) If the odometer reading was greater than the odometer reading for the immediately preceding transaction by more than 500 miles, the subject transaction was not used in the fuel economy calculations.  The 500‐mile criterion was chosen because from an  inspection  of  the  data  and  discussion  with  PennDOT  equipment  managers,  it appears  that  no  vehicle  in  the  fleet  is  capable  of  driving  500  miles  between refuelings. 

This method effectively eliminates all readings where a digit was erroneously added or left out, as well as the following reading where a correct value may have been entered but had no  frame  of  reference  due  to  an  incorrect  “beginning mileage”  from  the  last  reading.    It would be possible to skip the erroneous readings and simply refer the next correct reading back  to  the  one  two  transactions  before  it,  accounting  for  both  refueling  in  between; however,  this method runs the risk of propagating error throughout the entire analysis  if two erroneous readings are reported in sequence.  It is also possible that some erroneous readings remain in the dataset analyzed, but the overall effect of these readings is expected to be small because of the low relative magnitude of the errors which may remain.   

The  percentages  of  individual  readings  included  and  excluded  for  all  trucks  in  the  fleet during the various time periods are shown in Table 26. 

Table 26 ­ Percent of Refueling Transactions for Trucks Included in the Analysis 

Fuel Fiscal Year  Percent  of  Refueling Transactions Included in Analysis (Trucks) 

2005‐06  63%(1) 2006‐07  81% 2007‐08  82% 2008‐09  83% 

(1) By inspection of the raw data, during the calendar year 2005 mileage readings were frequently not  taken.    Therefore,  although mileage  readings  were  taken  much more  consistently  during 2006, the average for the 2005‐2006 fuel fiscal year is lower compared to the following fuel fiscal years. 

After elimination of the errors in the data, the resulting fuel economies (for trucks, in miles per  gallon  or  MPG)  were  calculated  on  a  monthly  basis,  as  shown  in  Figure  9,  and corresponding annual totals are shown in Table 27. 

   

 

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Table 27­ Average Annual Fuel Economy for Trucks 

Fuel Fiscal Year  Fuel Economy (MPG) 2005‐06  6.98 2006‐07  6.72 2007‐08  6.79 2008‐09 (B5)*  6.70 

 

Based  on  the  results  presented  in  Figure  9  and Table  27,  there  does  not  appear  to  be  a practically significant difference between fuel economies obtained on petroleum diesel for previous years and B5 for the current year.  In addition, a T‐test for statistical significance was  performed  on  the  monthly  values,  comparing  the  complete  dataset  prior  to  B5 implementation (sample size n1 = 36) with the post‐implementation dataset (sample size n2  =  11).    The  results  of  the  T‐test  showed  no  statistically  significant  difference  in  the samples,  (tStat = 0.76 <  tCritical = 2.01). This  is corroborated by  the results of  the  literature review (Chapter 2) and consistent with the theoretical energy analysis of B5 which yields an energy content reduction of about 0.5%, too small to be confirmed in the field. 

It  was  noted,  however,  that  a  certain  portion  of  the  refuelings  are  “retail”  transactions, meaning that the diesel fuel was purchased at a public filling station and not obtained from a PennDOT depot (See Table 28).  It is almost certain that standard petroleum diesel (ultra‐low‐sulfur)  fuel  was  purchased  at  the  retail  stations  and  not  B5  or  any  other  biodiesel blend, owing to the limited availability of retail biodiesel. 

Figure 9 ­ Fleetwide Monthly Average Fuel Economy for All 

 

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Since each retail transaction is identified in the database as such, it is theoretically possible to evaluate the fuel economies obtained on retail diesel against those obtained on B5 from the PennDOT fuel depots.  If a vehicle’s tank is allowed to run to empty prior to refueling, the fuel economy of a particular “tank full” of fuel is the miles driven on that tank divided by  the  gallons  pumped  into  the  tank.      However,  real‐world  variation  in  the  timing  of refueling with respect to the fuel levels already in the tank acts to complicate this analysis.  A theoretical analysis was performed understanding this complication.  It was believed that the  retail  refueling  pattern  would  not  be  consistent  across  the  different  classes  of equipment; therefore the comparison was only performed on the tandem dump trucks, as these trucks represent the largest single percentage of fleet fuel consumption.    

The  results of  this  analysis  are  summarized  in Table 28.     The  fuel economies shown  for retail diesel are low compared to PennDOT diesel or B5; however, this apparent difference is likely to be explained by an artifact of the analysis method rather than the true result in the field.  The average quantity of fuel purchased in the retail transactions is much higher, suggesting that these transactions occur when the vehicle’s tank is almost empty, which is an  expected  aspect  derived  from  the  need  for  purchasing  retail  diesel.    However,  the subsequent transaction  is  likely to be at the PennDOT depot, since a vehicle can typically operate  for  close  to  a  full  shift  on  one  tank  of  fuel.    It  is  also  likely  that  the  subsequent refueling occurs when the tank  is not as close to empty.   This assumption  is validated by the  much  greater  average  fuel  quantities  pumped  in  the  retail  transactions.    Thus,  the difference in odometer readings recorded as representing the retail transaction is likely to be smaller than the real mileage if the retail diesel was allowed to run completely out of the tank. 

What  is  important  to note  is  that  the pattern of  fuel  economy  for  retail  versus PennDOT depot  transactions  is  consistent  from 2008  through 2009.    (Retail  transactions were not noted in 2005‐2007 data).  Since the first half of 2008 did not involve the usage of any B5, it appears fair to state that the pattern did not change significantly upon the implementation of B5 fuel.  Thus the analysis of retail diesel vs. B5 does not affect the conclusion that fuel economies did not change significantly upon implementation of the B5. 

Table 28 ­ Comparison of PennDOT Diesel and Retail Diesel Fuel Economies for Tandem Dump Trucks 

Year and Transaction 

Type 

Number of Transactions Recorded  

Total Fuel Quantity (Gallons) 

Average Fuel Quantity (Gallons) 

Total Miles Before Next Refueling 

Average Fuel Economy (MPG) 

2008 – Retail  1,547  62,016 40.09 260,543  4.202008 – Depot (Part B5, Part 

Diesel) 11,201  305,793  27.30  1,593,368  5.21 

2009 – Retail  1,062  40,572 38.20 162,477  4.002009 – Depot 

(B5) 4,685  133,839 28.57 687,491  5.14

 

 

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5.6. Maintenance and Repairs Repair  information  was  collected  for  fuel  fiscal  year  2007‐08  (July  2007  through  June 2008)  and  2008‐09.    PennDOT’s  equipment  database  contains  an  entry  for  each  repair, including  the equipment  identification number, date  the repair was  initiated,  repair  type, total cost including parts and labor, and other information.    Repair types are identified by a system of numerical codes, which facilitates analysis of changes in frequency and cost of different types of repairs.   

The majority  of  repairs  are  performed  on  an  as‐needed  basis when  a  fault  is  noted  in  a piece of equipment.  In addition, PennDOT also performs preventative maintenance, or PM services, on all equipment.  PM services are performed on a routine, predetermined basis; these services are collected  in  the database as well.   The PM schedule  is  time‐dependent but  also  fuel  consumption‐dependent;  PennDOT maintains  a  standard  fuel  consumption interval  for  each  type  of  equipment  to  undergo  a  “fuel  consumption  PM”.    This  interval includes a minimum and maximum value;  thus some flexibility  is built  into the system to allow efficient scheduling of these services.   Because PMs are scheduled based on elapsed time and fuel consumption, the frequency and cost of PM services is independent of the fuel type unless a fuel yields a noticeably different fuel economy than the reference fuel.  Based on  the  fuel  economy  results  described  above,  changes  in  PM  frequency  and  cost  are assumed  to  be  independent  of  the B5  fuel  implementation  and  attributable  solely  to  the inherent flexibility in the scheduling system. 

PennDOT’s  current  database  was  initialized  on  July  9,  2007.    Therefore,  information  on repairs conducted from July 1, 2007 through July 8, 2007 is not available for comparison.  This information has been estimated by pro‐rating the information from July 9 through July 30 for the entire month (a 36% increase). For this preliminary report, data was not yet available  for  June  2009.    Therefore,  the  year­to­year  comparison  is  actually  an  11­month  comparison  excluding  June  of  both  years.    For  reference,  the  total  number  of repairs in each of the main categories, and the cost of those repairs, are shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 for 2007‐08 (ULSD) and 2008‐09 (B5). 

Figure 11 – Total Cost of Repairs 

   

Figure 10 – Total Number of Repairs 

 

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Slight increases and decreases in repair frequency and cost are noted across the categories for the “before and after” analysis.  However, not all repair types are able to be correlated with  fuel  type.  Increases  in  certain  repairs,  such  as  the  replacement  of  fuel  filters,  have been attributed to biodiesel fuel in the past, as identified in Chapters 2 and 3.  Other repair types which  could possibly be affected by  the use of biodiesel  fuel  include  repairs  to  the fuel system, such as cleaning fuel injectors, pumps or gaskets; less probable but not out‐of‐the‐question repairs include the exhaust and emissions control systems, cooling system (if the  engine  were  running  too  hot)  and major  engine  problems  such  as  cracked  cylinder heads.  All of these types of repair fall into the “Engines” category in the PennDOT database, thus the results  from this category were extracted and compared separately.   The results are shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13. 

 

     

 

 

Figure 13. Total Cost of Engine Repairs Figure 12. Total Number of Engine Repairs 

Figure 14 ­ Engine Repair Cost per Gallon of Fuel Consumed 

 

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The total number of engine repairs performed increased by 18% from 2007‐08 to 2008‐09 and  the  total  cost  of  those  engine  repairs  increased  by  9%.    Possible  influences  on  this increase are the fuel type, a change in maintenance procedures, change in work output, or inherent  system  variability.    It  is  possible  to  correct  for  any  change  in  work  output  by measuring the repair totals against the fuel consumption totals, since fuel consumption is a good  indicator  of work  output,  as  long  as  the work  output  per  unit  fuel  consumption  is constant, which has already been demonstrated.   Figure 14 gives a comparison of annual cost of engine repairs on a per‐gallon basis.  For the fuel system, the system most likely to be  affected  by  the  change  to  B5  fuel,  the  results  are  almost  the  same  for  both  years  at around $0.11/gallon. 

To further examine the effect of the fuel transition, a seasonal analysis was performed on the most  common  fuel  system  repair,  fuel  filter  replacements.    It was  expected  that  fuel filter replacement might initially increase due to the higher solvent properties of B5, which might cause loosening of sediment deposits within the fuel system left over from previous years of operation.   Figure 15 shows the result of the seasonal comparison.   In the figure, the seasons are defined as follows: Summer = June, July, August; Fall = September, October, November; Winter = December,  January,  February;  and  Spring = March, April, May.    The summer season is split into a July‐August (Summer 1) component and a June (Summer 2) component  so  that  the  July‐June  fuel  fiscal  year  totals  can  be  maintained.    As  noted previously, data for June 2009 is not yet available.  The annual average consumption of fuel per fuel filter change decreased by 4%, however the seasonal results vary up or down by much greater percentages for each season, suggesting the inherent variability of the system is more likely to be the cause of the annual change, rather than the fuel change.  A statistical significance  test  (T‐test)  was  performed  on  the  seasonal  data,  yielding  no  statistically significant change. 

 

 

Figure 15 ­ Comparison of Seasonal Fuel Filter Changes 

 

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5.7. Emissions Estimates  of  diesel  equipment  emissions were  generated  by  using  the  fuel  consumption information gleaned from the PennDOT database and applying emissions factors from U.S. EPA  regulations.    The EPA  regulates  tailpipe  emissions  from diesel  vehicles  according  to different  categories;  all  of  the  equipment  in  PennDOT’s  diesel  fleet  falls  into  either  the Heavy Truck (HT) category or the Off‐Road (OR) category.  The EPA has gradually phased in  stricter  emissions  controls,  setting mandatory  caps  at  different  levels  beginning  with different model years.  Table 29 and Table 30 show the maximum emissions rates for all HT and one category of OR vehicles, respectively.  The emissions limits are expressed in terms of grams of pollutant emitted per brake‐horsepower‐hour (g/bhp‐hr).   EPA also provides estimates of engine thermal efficiency for the different engine types  in gallons of  fuel per bhp‐hr (gal/bhp‐hr).  These estimates are required to convert the pollutant limits into units of  grams  per  gallon  (g/gal),  which  when  multiplied  by  the  fuel  consumption,  allow  for estimates of total pollution emissions by the fleet. 

Table 29 ­ Regulated Emissions from Heavy­Duty Diesel Trucks 

Model Year  NOx (g/bhp­hr) 

PM (g/bhp­hr)

HC  (g/bhp­hr)

CO (g/bhp­hr) 

1988   10.7   0.6   1.3   15.5  1990   6   0.6   1.3   15.5  1991   5   0.25   1.3   15.5  1994   5   0.1   1.3   15.5  1998   4   0.1   1.3   15.5  2004   2.5   0.01   0.5   15.5  2007   2.5   0.01   0.5   15.5  2010   0.2  0,01   0.14  15.5  

 

Table 30 ­ Regulated Emissions from Off­Road Equipment 

Model Year (1)  NOx  (g/bhp­hr)

PM (g/bhp­hr) 

HC (g/bhp­hr) 

CO (g/bhp­hr) 

2000   6.9   0.4   1.0   8.5  2006   4.9(2)   0.15   (2)  2.6  2008   3.0(2)  0.15   (2)  2.6  2011   3.0(2)  0.15   (2)   2.6  2014   0.3   0.015   0.14   2.6  

1) Emissions  rates  shown  are  for  equipment  with  HP  range  from  175  to  350.  Equipment  with  different  HP  ratings  have  similar  but  slightly  different requirements. 

2) Combined NOx and HC requirement shown in NOx column. 

As  previously  examined  in  Chapter  2,  EPA  has  also  calculated  emissions  factors  for biodiesel  blends,  expressed  as  a  percentage  increase  or  decrease  from  the  values  for petroleum diesel.  The emissions factors from EPA’s 2002 study have been updated for the 

 

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proposed Renewable Fuels Standard mandated by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 [31].  The original and updated factors are included in Table 31 along with the results of a linear interpolation to establish values for B5. 

Table 31 ­ Biodiesel Emissions Factors (Percent Increase or Decrease from Diesel Fuel) from US EPA 

Pollutant  B20 – Original Study (2002) B20 – Updated Study (2009)  B5* NOx  +2.0%  +2.2% +0.5%PM  ‐10.1%  ‐15.6% ‐3.9%HC  ‐21.1%  ‐14.1% ‐3.5%CO  ‐11.0%  ‐13.8% ‐2.8%1) Linear interpolation between zero and revised B20 value.  

Other pollutants of concern  include sulfur dioxide (SO2), air toxics and greenhouse gases.  Biodiesel fuel contains no sulfur; since almost all sulfur in diesel fuel is converted to SO2 in the exhaust, B5 results in approximately a 5% decrease in SO2 emissions compared to any diesel  fuel  it  is mixed with.    For  reference,  the  change  from Low Sulfur Diesel  (500 ppm sulfur) to ULSD (15 ppm sulfur) reduced SO2 emissions by 97%.   

Air  toxics are generally  thought  to be  reduced by biodiesel  fuel usage but have not been comprehensively  studied  to  date;  reductions  from B5  usage  are  expected  to  be minimal.  Tailpipe  emissions  of  greenhouse  gases  (GHGs)  include  carbon  dioxide  (CO2)  and  much smaller  amounts  of methane  (CH4)  and  dinitrogen  oxide  or  nitrous  oxide  (N2O)  and  are essentially the same for diesel and all biodiesel blends.  The possibility of GHG reductions will be investigated as part of the life cycle assessment (LCA) performed under subsequent tasks in this Work Order.  LCA results for GHGs as well as other pollutants, including those listed above, total energy use and other relevant environmental metrics will be the subject of future deliverables. 

Changes  to  the  total  fleet emissions after  the  implementation of B5  fuel are estimated  to change by the percentages listed for the four pollutants under the B5 column in Table 31 and by 5%  for SO2.   However,  total  annual  emissions are also affected by  changes  in  the total amount of fuel consumed, as well as the distribution of fuel consumption by vehicles of different types and model years.     

5.8. Summary of Preliminary Analysis Findings The analysis conducted for this preliminary report suggests that the transition to B5 fuel has had little if any significant impact on fleet operations, as evaluated by the metrics agreed upon at the beginning of the study.  Results for each of the metrics, including tests of statistical significance, are summarized in Table 32.  

 

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 Table 32 ­ Summary of Evaluation Metrics and Results 

Metric  Data Collected  Statistically Significant Changes? 

Comments 

Baseline Cost  Vendor Fuel 

Price  Tank Cleaning 

  Fuel contract prices  

Tank cleaning costs 

  No 

  N/A 

  $0.06/gallon probable increase  

Should not be attributed to Biodiesel, but is recommended maintenance.  About $1,300 per tank 

Cold Weather Fuel Performance 

Fuel Quality Assurance Testing (Innospec) 

No  Cold Filter Plug Point and Cloud Point 

Engine Power Output 

Engine Dynamometer Test 

N/A  Re‐evaluate if blends above B20 are considered 

Fuel Economy  PennDOT Database (Fuel Usage and Mileage) 

No  Theoretical reduction of about 0.5% 

Maintenance and Repairs 

PennDOT Database (Repair Frequency and Cost) 

No   

Emissions  PennDOT Database (fuel consumption) + Emission Factors from Literature Review 

Yes  Not directly measured; minor changes estimated from literature; no direct effect on operations Future tasks will further investigate life cycle emissions 

 

Based upon the results of this preliminary investigation, the transition to B5 fuel resulted in only minor direct cost increases, mainly due to the fuel price, and no measurable indirect cost increases such as increased fuel consumption or maintenance/repair requirements.  It is concluded that in the case of PennDOT District 8, under current market conditions, B5 is a viable substitute for diesel fuel if the decision to use it is made based on an evaluation of policy  goals  balanced  against  a  slight  cost  increase.      A  complete  environmental  and economic Life Cycle Assessment  (LCA) will be conducted under subsequent Tasks of  this Work  Order  to  provide  additional  criteria  to  aid  in  decision  making  with  respect  to biodiesel blends. 

 

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6. Chapter 6 (Task 5): Environmental and Economic Analysis: Pilot Project 

6.1. Life Cycle Cost  Life  cycle  costing  (LCC)  is  a  decision  making  tool  used  to  determine  the  economic consequences  of  decisions.    LCC  is  commonly  used  in  infrastructure‐related decisions  or large capital purchases, where the total cost of ownership of an asset is spread out over a specified period of time and thus may not be immediately obvious.  A typical LCC analysis considers  only  costs  to  the  party  making  the  decision;  “external”  costs  borne  by  third parties or the public are usually not included [32]. 

With  respect  to  life  cycle  assessment  (LCA  –  described  in  Section  6.2),  LCC  is  a  critical companion  as  it  helps  avoid  consequences  such  as:  the  inability  to  capture  relationships and  cost  consequences,  hence  inhibiting  the  search  for  the  optimal  cost‐effective environmental  solution,  as  well  as  potentially  missing  important  economic  information related to the alternative decisions [33].  

LCC analyses typically contain at least the following information: 

Up‐front cost to purchase the asset  Cost of maintenance and repairs over the lifetime of the asset  Cost of energy or fuels required for operation over the lifetime of the asset  Cost, or any cost recovered, at the end‐of‐life of the asset; i.e. sale or disposal 

All  costs  other  than  the  initial  purchase  cost  are  discounted  to  reflect  the  time  value  of money. 

LCC techniques can be applied to decisions related to fuel and energy purchases.  In these cases, any up‐front cost would include the cost of infrastructure and equipment necessary for the alternative fuel system.  From an end‐user perspective, biodiesel blends typically do not have such an up‐front cost, since they can be used in unmodified diesel equipment and do  not  require  separate  storage  and  handling  facilities.    The  primary  metrics  for  a comparative  LCC  analysis  of  diesel  and  biodiesel  are  the  cost  of  the  fuel  itself,  and  any increases or decreases in the cost of equipment operations, maintenance and repairs.  Data supporting  the  LCC  calculations  were  collected  in  Tasks  2‐4  of  this  project  and  are reviewed in the following section. 

6.1.1. Previous Studies of Biodiesel Costs Previous  studies  of  diesel  and  biodiesel  use  have  cited  the  cost  of  the  fuel  as  the  only measurable increase in life cycle cost (often stated implicitly) associated with biodiesel use.  These studies are discussed  in detail  in Chapter 2.   A study of state DOTs using biodiesel cited  cost  as  the  number  one  concern,  while  acknowledging  other  factors  such  as  fuel economy and maintenance as additional concerns[6, 34].  As reported in Chapter 3, results of the survey conducted under Task 1b of this project yielded mixed responses about cost, sometimes indicating a slight increase in cost.   No respondents provided any quantitative data to assign a dollar value to any disadvantages or benefits with respect to life cycle cost. 

 

 

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6.1.2. Relevant Data from Previous Tasks Data relevant to the LCC of PennDOT’s use of biodiesel fuel was generally obtained during Tasks  2‐4.    The  performance  metrics  outlined  in  these  tasks  are  directly  related  to  the components of the LCC as outlined in Table 33; discussion follows in Section 6.1.3. 

Table 33 ­ Biodiesel Performance Metrics and Life Cycle Cost Implications 

Metric  Data Collected  Statistically Significant Changes? 

Life Cycle Cost Implications For Pilot Study 

Baseline Cost  Vendor Fuel 

Price  Tank Cleaning 

  Fuel contract prices 

Tank cleaning costs 

  No(1)   N/A 

 $0.06/gallon increase   $0.02 increase(2) 

Cold Weather Fuel Performance 

Fuel Quality Assurance Testing (Innospec) 

No  None – see discussion 

Engine Power Output 

Engine Dynamometer Test 

N/A  None 

Fuel Economy  PennDOT Database (Fuel Usage and Mileage) 

No  None 

Maintenance and Repairs 

PennDOT Database (Repair Frequency and Cost) 

No  None 

Emissions  PennDOT Database (fuel consumption) + Emission Factors from Literature Review 

Yes(1)  Not  included  in  Life Cycle Cost 

(1) Due to the large variations fuel prices over time, the test for statistical significance was not  met  for  fuel  prices.    However,  the  average  fuel  price  increase  as  calculated  in Chapter 5 was $0.06/gallon. 

(2) The increase in overall cost due to tank cleaning should not be attributed to the B5 fuel, because  annual  tank  cleaning  is  recommended  maintenance  for  both  ULSD  and biodiesel blends. 

   

 

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6.1.3. Life Cycle Cost Procedure The total  life cycle cost of the B5 fuel, on a per‐gallon basis,  is evaluated according to the following equation: 

∆       ∆    

Where: 

∑  refers to the discount factor applied at each time step through the life cycle; 

∆  change in life cycle cost per gallon of B5 fuel; 

price of B5 fuel delivered, per gallon; 

price of ULSD fuel delivered, per gallon; 

= fuel economy of B5 (typically miles per gallon); 

= fuel economy of ULSD (using the same units as for B5); 

    ∆   change in total maintenance cost divided by total gallons of fuel used 

The typical time step in such an analysis is one year; thus, the pilot project is considered to have  only  one  time  step  and  the  summary  term  and  discount  factors  drop  out  of  the analysis.    The  contract  fuel  prices  per  gallon between B5  and ULSD  are  divided by  their respective fuel economies to obtain a measure of price per work output.    If  the use of B5 resulted  in  a  noticeable  decrease  in  fuel  economy,  the  price  per  work  output  would  be adjusted higher compared to the price per work output of ULSD; in the case of an increase in fuel economy, the reverse would be true.  However, as noted in Chapter 5, the respective fuel economies were determined not to be statistically significant, so the relative prices per work output remain simply the relative prices per gallon.  Finally, no statistically significant difference in maintenance cost was observed during the study period, so this term becomes zero, leaving the change in life cycle cost equivalent to contract price of the fuel.  Since fuel procurement  is undertaken by  the Department of General Services (DGS), PennDOT does not have the ability to affect the contract fuel price. 

6.1.4. Results and Discussion The results of the LCC analysis show that for the pilot project, the only measureable factor directly affecting the total life cycle cost of the B5 fuel was a slight increase in the average fuel  price  of  $0.06/gallon  reported  in  Chapter  5.    This  number  is  highly  variable  and  is affected by the volatility of prices for both fuel types; thus, the LCC analysis of a multi‐year decision to use B5 might vary up or down depending on which fuel had the lower average price during the study time frame.  However, for this task, the critical conclusion is that there were  no  observable  “hidden  costs”  associated  with  the  use  of  B5  fuel  from  an  end­user perspective,  and  thus  the  difference  in  total  life  cycle  cost  of  the  two  fuels  is  simply  the difference in the “price at the pump”.  

 

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The same principles applied in LCC can be extended to an overall economic analysis, taking account of any externalities not included in the end user LCC.   Tasks 6 and 7 will analyze the economic impacts of statewide implementation of B5 and other blends of biodiesel, as well as alternative feedstocks.   

6.2. Overview of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Life  cycle  assessment  provides  a  comprehensive  and  quantitative  analysis  of  the environmental  impacts  of  a  product  or  process  throughout  its  entire  life‐cycle.  LCA  is  a powerful and widely used tool for measuring the sustainability of an enterprise or concept and  informing decisions with respect  to sustainability and environmental considerations. LCA quantifies the environmental impacts of a product or process and can be a very helpful tool  in  identifying  the most benign  technologies among an array of options. Through  the use of LCA, it is possible to observe which stage (or stages‐ i.e., creation, use, or end of life) causes  the  most  impact  and  may  offer  suggestions  to  minimize  impacts  throughout  a product’s  lifetime.  Established  guidelines  for  performing  detailed  LCAs  are  well documented  by  the  Environmental  Protection  Agency  (EPA),  Society  for  Environmental Toxicologists  and  Chemists  (SETAC),  the  International  Organization  of  Standardization (ISO), and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) [35‐38]. As defined by the ISO 14040 series, LCA is an iterative four‐stage process (depicted in Figure 16) including:  

1. Scoping – defines the extent of analysis and the system boundaries  2. Inventory Analysis – documents material and energy flows which occur within the 

system boundaries (also called the life cycle inventory or LCI) 3. Impact Assessment  –  characterizes  and  assesses  the  environmental  effects  using 

the data obtained from the inventory (also called the life cycle impact assessment or LCIA) 

4. Interpretation  and  Improvement–  identifies  opportunities  to  reduce  the environmental burden throughout the product’s life. 

Major  reasons  for  conducting  an  LCA  involve  decision‐making  with  respect  to improvement  and  comparison  of  products,  processes,  or  activities.  Impact‐minimizing LCAs provide information on which stage of production (creation, use, or disposal) causes the  most  environmental  impact  and  may  offer  suggestions  to  minimize  those  burdens. Comparative LCAs can help  to determine  the environmentally preferable alternative. The LCA  performed  herein  is  primarily  comparative,  contrasting  soybean‐derived  biodiesel with conventional diesel. 

   

 

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Life Cycle Inventory  

After  identifying  goals  and  system  boundaries  for  the  LCA,  the  second  stage  (Life  Cycle Inventory – LCI)  involves documenting material and energy flows which occur within the system boundaries.  Numerous methodologies  and  tools  exist  to  compile  LCIs, which  can vary  according  to  time,  information,  monetary  constraints,  industrial  sectors,  and geographic  locale.    Selecting  the  most  appropriate  inventory  can  be  challenging  and complex.    As  discussed  in  the  following  sections,  a  method  known  as  process  LCA  was chosen for this project. 

The  process  LCA  method  systematically  models  the  known  environmental  inputs  and outputs by utilizing a process flow diagram. The scope of  the process model continues to the  point  where  the  flow  between  process  and  emissions  are  negligible.  The  process approach was further developed with the framework established in the ISO 14040 series. This  approach  requires data  collection  from public  sources,  company or product  specific information,  and published  research.  Several  organizations have developed  software and tools to support process based LCAs which were used for this project – see Section 6.4.2.   

 Life Cycle Impact Assessment  

The  life  cycle  impact  assessment  (LCIA)  stage  provides  a method  for  expressing  the  LCI data  into meaningful  terms,  such  as  total  global warming  potential,  nonrenewable  fossil fuel usage, or  impact to human health. Risk assessment data is typically utilized to assess impacts  to  human  and  ecosystem  health.  Other  techniques  or  benchmarks,  such  as  the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Control (IPCC) global warming potential or EPA total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) can also be used to calculate the LCIA.  

In  LCIA,  emissions  from  the  LCI  are  first  classified  into  categories  in which  they  exhibit similar  impacts;  these  categories  are  called  midpoints.  For  example,  nitrates  and phosphates  would  be  classified  as  contributing  to  the  eutrophication  midpoint.  Nitrates and  phosphates  may  also  contribute  to  other  midpoints  in  which  they  exhibit environmental effects,  such as human health or ecotoxicity. Midpoints are  typically made 

Interpretation 

Direct applications: 

­  Product  development and improvement 

‐ Product Comparison 

‐ Strategic Planning 

‐ Public Policy Making 

Traditional LCA (ISO) 

Decision Making 

Inventory Analysis 

Impact Assessment 

Goal & Scope Definition 

Figure 16­ Life Cycle Assessment Stages and Relationships 

 

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up of (but not limited or restricted to) the following categories: human toxicity or human heath,  ozone  layer  depletion,  ecotoxicity,  acidification,  eutrophication,  global  warming, nonrenewable energy use, mineral extraction, land use, odor, and noise. Depending on the desired  level  of  comparison, midpoint  categories may  also  be  broken  down  further  (e.g. human health may be made up of respiratory effects and cancer‐causing effects). 

The LCIA can also be used to further aggregate the midpoints into like categories (typically human health, ecosystem quality, and natural resources). Ultimately, this damage approach to  LCIA  collects  the  entire  LCI  into  one  number.  This  level  of  aggregation  is  biased  and controversial,  as  there  are no accepted methods  like  global warming potentials or ozone depletion  potentials  with  which  to  create  normalization  factors  that  relate  such  unlike impact categories as human health, global warming, and eutrophication.  

6.3. LCA Problem Statement, Goal and Scope, System Boundaries As outlined  in  Section 6.2,  the  first  step of  an LCA  is  the  scoping  step, which defines  the system  to  be  analyzed  and  establishes  its  boundaries.    For  this  project,  the  goal  is  to compare  the  relative  environmental  impacts  of  petroleum  diesel  and  B5  as  used  in PennDOT’s District 8 maintenance fleet.   The scope of the analysis will consider all major stages  in  the  life  cycle  of  the  different  fuels  used,  including  feedstock  production,  fuel processing  and  transportation,  and  combustion  of  the  fuel  for  equipment  operations.  Figure 17 shows the major stages in the LCA for diesel and biodiesel.  The entire life cycle for  both  fuels  was  split  into  the  following  major  components;  1)  Biodiesel:  Soybean Agriculture,  2) Biodiesel:  Soy Oil  Extraction, Processing, Blending  and Transportation,  3) Vehicle Operation and Emissions, and 4) Petroleum Diesel Production. 

 

   

Soybean Agriculture 

Soy Oil Extraction 

Biodiesel Processing 

Crude Oil Extraction 

Petroleum Refining Blending 

Biodiesel  Petroleum Diesel 

Transportation

Transportation

Transportation

Transportation 

Transportation 

Transportation

Vehicle LifetimeEffects 

Biodiesel System 

Petroleum Diesel System 

Fuel Combustion for Vehicle Operations Vehicle Maintenance 

Transportation 

Blended Fuel‐Combined System

Figure 17 ­ Major Life Cycle Stages for Diesel and Biodiesel 

 

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Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture 

The agricultural energy flows and material  flows accounted for  in the LCI are depicted in Figure  18.  The  system  boundary  includes  downstream  on‐field  soybean  farming production and upstream material and energy flows.  Soybean farming activities including planting  seeds,  tillage,  fertilizing,  applying  pesticides  and  herbicides,  harvesting,  and storing soybean grains are calculated.  Moreover, upstream activities, such as construction, transportation,  energy  generation  and  power  supply,  manufacturing  farming  equipment and  chemicals,  producing  animal  manure,  etc.  are  also  included.  Air  emissions,  water emissions,  solid  emissions during all mentioned processes  are estimated. Geographically, this figure reflects soybean farming practices in Pennsylvania.  A description of the models used to develop the LCI is provided in the subsequent sections.   

 

Biodiesel: Soy Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation 

The  system boundaries  of  processing  and  transportation  are  concentrated  in  three main contributors,  transportation,  soy  oil  processing,  and  transesterification.  The  system  as  a whole is depicted in Figure 19.  The processing phase was broken into two major parts, soy oil extraction and soy oil transesterification. Within those two major categories contain the smaller stages such as wastewater treatment and minor onsite transportation.  The second boundaries were mainly geographical and were ones that were established by location of PennDOT’s  fuel  storage  tanks  as  well  as  the  location  of  the  distribution  centers  that serviced those tanks.  Since this task is evaluating only the PennDOT district 8 biodiesel use 

Animal raising systems 

Manufacturing chemicals   

Mechanical production system 

Natural materials, CO2, N2, water, etc. 

Raw industrial materials   

Construction facilities 

Energy generation and power supply 

Transportation 

Basic supply 

Irrigation 

Agriculturalequipment (tractors, combines, tillers, sprayers etc.) 

Synthetic fertilizer (including N/P/K)   

Animal manure   

Pesticides and herbicides  

Farmland 

Seeds

Fertilizing and other chemicals application 

Tillage practices 

Harvesting

Storing and drying grains 

Air emissions 

Water emissions 

Solid emissions 

 

Figure 18 ­ System Boundary and Processes for Soybean Agriculture 

 

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it focused strictly on those areas that would service the fuel tanks in District 8.  In order to obtain the location of the biodiesel distribution locations, the fuel provider was contacted and  locations were  given  for  distribution  facilities.    Then,  since PennDOT uses  primarily soy based biodiesel,  the  system boundaries were set  to  include production  facilities only within Pennsylvania and the states directly surrounding Pennsylvania that used soy beans as one of its primary feedstock.  The method in which total transportation distances were calculated will be explained further in Section 6.4.4. 

Vehicle Operations and Fuel Combustion 

The  primary  source  of  environmental  impacts  for  the  use  of  a  fuel  is  the  exhaust  gas resulting  from  the  combustion  of  the  fuel  in  the  vehicle’s  engine.    To  the  extent  that different fuels may have different power outputs (as evidenced by fuel economy), may lead to  increased  or  decreased maintenance,  or  affect  the  overall  life  of  the  equipment,  these differences  should  be  included  in  a  comparative  LCA  of  these  fuels.    However,  as documented  in  Chapter  5,  there  was  no  discernible  effect  on  either  fuel  economy  or maintenance  cost  between  ULSD  and  B5.    Due  to  this  study  time  frame,  data  related  to changes  in  vehicle  lifetimes  was  not  available  for  analysis;  it  was  further  assumed  that because  no  significant  effects  were  found  for  fuel  economy  and  maintenance,  that  the comparative effect on vehicle lifetime is similarly negligible.   Because PennDOT and other agencies  have  implemented  aggressive  preventative  maintenance  (pm)  programs,  it  is likely that any issues which would affect vehicle lifetime would manifest themselves during pm  inspections  and  testing.    Additionally,  no  literature  references  were  found  that specifically addressed biodiesel use and equipment or engine  lifetime.   Thus,  combustion emissions represent the only relevant component of the use phase LCI for this comparative assessment. 

Petroleum Diesel Extraction, Refining and Transportation 

Petroleum diesel fuel is both the basis for comparison to B5 as well as the majority of the B5  fuel  itself.    The  life  cycle  of  petroleum  diesel  includes  extraction  of  the  crude  oil, whether using conventional drilling or newer enhanced recovery methods; transportation to the refinery; refining, and transportation to the point of use.  Both oil extraction and oil refining have significant environmental impacts which must be included in the LCA.  Unlike biodiesel, both crude petroleum and finished fuel products, such as diesel, are transported long distances  via  pipeline, which  is  somewhat more  energy‐efficient  than  truck  or  even train transportation.  These differences require attention and merit a separate LCI section for petroleum diesel from extraction to the point of use. 

 

 

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Figure 19 ­ System Boundary and Processes for Soy Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation  

Whole Soybean 

Cleaning Drying Cracking 

Dehulling Conditioning

Flaking Extraction Crude Soy 

Oil 

Soy FlakesSoy hulls

Mill Feed

Soybean Production Flow Map Key: Current process   System Boundary Current product  Transportation 

Soy meal Soy Flour

Grinding Sizing 

Solvent Extraction 

DegummingReceiving  Storage 

Oil Recovery 

Solvent Recovery 

Waste Treatment 

Crude oil refining 

Methyl ester production 

Methyl ester purification 

Biodiesel

Soybean  Stacking 

Soybean Harvesting 

Glycerin recovery 

Glycerine 

Major Transportation 

Flows 

Final Use Storage 

Combustion Emissions 

Transportation & Processing System 

Boundaries 

 

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6.4. Life Cycle Inventory – Pilot Project 

6.4.1. Introduction Compilation  of  the  inventory  is  the  second  step  in  LCA.    As  identified  in  Section 6.3,  the entire life cycle for both fuels was split into the following major components; 1) Biodiesel: Soybean  Agriculture,  2)  Biodiesel:  Soy  Oil  Extraction,  Processing,  Blending  and Transportation,  3) Vehicle Operation  and Emissions,  and 4) Petroleum Diesel Extraction, Refining and Transportation.   The  following sections detail  the LCI methods used herein, followed by the inventory analysis for each of the four component stages. 

6.4.2. Description of Life Cycle Inventory Models Used The  Greenhouse  Gases,  Regulated  Emissions  and  Energy Use  in  Transportation  (GREET) Model [39] was used to establish the basic process components and compile the inventory for  conventional  air  pollutants,  greenhouse  gases  and  fossil  fuel  usage.    GREET  is  a standalone,  spreadsheet‐based  computer  program  developed  by  the  USDOE’s  Argonne National Laboratory, used to model many combinations of fuels and vehicles.   GREET and its  supporting  documentation  has  been  extensively  peer‐reviewed  and  cited  in  many publications,  and  is  regarded  as  the  premiere  model  for  fuel‐cycle  analysis  in  the  US.  GREET  contains  modules  for  both  diesel  and  biodiesel,  including  parameters  for  the analysis of soybean agriculture and processing. 

To provide a complete LCI, it was necessary to augment the GREET data with information from  several  additional  databases.    SimaPro  (Version  7.1)  software  was  used  to  access these databases and compile the inventory.  These databases provide information relating to pollutant emissions not covered in GREET,  including water emissions, toxic substances and waste generation.  For this project, databases utilized included the Franklin Associates (www.fal.com) and USLCI [40] databases for US data, and the ecoinvent [41] database for European data, where US data was not available. 

Several  customized  models  were  also  used  for  this  project.    For  on‐field  agricultural emissions, a linear fractionation equation developed by Landis et al. [42‐44] was employed.  For combustion emissions during vehicle operations, a customized model was developed to utilize  the  full  suite  of  USEPA  emission  factors  representing  different  vehicle  types  and ages, which are not fully represented in any publicly available LCA software. 

Application  of  the  various  models  and  reconciliation  of  the  results  is  discussed  in  the following sections. 

6.4.3. LCI of Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture A life cycle inventory (LCI) for soybean agriculture was completed in this section.  The LCI for  soybean  farming was  compiled  using  LCI models  discussed  in  Section  1.5.2  and  data sources listed below. A modified GREET model is used to calculate energy consumption and criteria  air  emissions.  A  linear  nutrient  model  facilitated  the  estimation  of  aqueous nitrogen and phosphorus emissions.  SimaPro 7.0 and associated databases were employed to create the inventory of other material flows during the agricultural stage. Key inputs for GREET and SimaPro 7.0 are listed in Table 34. 

 

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Table 34 ­ Key Inputs for Estimating LCI of Soybean Farming Stage 

Number  Parameter  Data source  References 

1  Area of soybean farmlands 

USDA  [45] 

2  Soybean yield rate  USDA  [45, 46] 3  Fertilizer application 

rate USDA  [47] 

4  Herbicide application rate 

Publication  [48] 

5  Water usage  USDA and publication  [49, 50] 6  Tillage   Publication  [51] 7  Farming equipment use  Publication  [52] 8  Manure fertilizer  USDA, Ecoinvent database  [41, 53] 9  Water emissions   Publication  [44, 54, 55] 

Note:  Key  inputs  for  GREET  and  SimaPro  7  are  shown  in  Table  34.  Full  agricultural inventory is presented in Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5).   

As  discussed  earlier,  GREET  contains  a  comprehensive  spreadsheet‐based  database  that calculates  energy  consumption  and  emissions  for  fuel  production,  manufacturing  and transporting  agricultural  chemicals.  GREET  lacks  description  on  handling  manures  as fertilizers and on‐farm application of agricultural machines. Therefore, these two aspects of agricultural  management  practices  were  added  into  GREET.  To  model  manure,  energy consumption and GHG emissions related to manure production, handling, and application were  added  to  GREET.  Because manure  type,  nutrient  content,  handling  and  application methods  are  diverse  and  variable,  the  median  of  reported  emission  values  was  utilized within the LCA. To model farming equipment use during various farming activities; detailed inventories  of  energy  consumption  and  air  emissions  for  operating  farming  equipment were  incorporated.  The  farming  equipment  added  to  GREET  includes  tractors,  field cultivators,  plows,  combines,  irrigators,  and  sprayers.  Tractors  provide  mechanical, hydraulic  and  electric  power  to  perform  farming  practices,  with  the  assumption  that farmers  do not  use  self‐propelled  farming  equipment.  Tractors  for  farming practices  use diesel,  liquefied  petroleum  (LP)  gas,  and  gasoline  as  fuel  resources.  Diesel  tractors  are widely  used  in  the  Corn  Belt  and  PA  due  to  their  high  horsepower  and  high  dragging capability.  Energy  consumption  of  farming  equipment  use  was  collected  from  literature (shown  in  Table  34).  Emission  factors  for  diesel  combustion  in  GREET  were  used  to estimate criteria air emissions during the farming equipment use phase.   

Nutrient  outputs  were  calculated  via  a  linear  fraction  model,  which  is  similar  to  an emission  factor  approach.  The  general  leaching  models  for  nitrate  and  phosphate  are defined based on a  fraction of  the  applied nutrient  load. This method  is widely  accepted within LCA([42, 43]). The amounts of nitrate and phosphate lost from fields in runoff, are calculated as the fraction of chemical lost with respect to the total mass of chemical that is applied  to  a  crop.  The  nitrogen model  is  amended  to  account  for  the  subsequent  loss  of 

 

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nitrate  via  the  denitrification  process.  It was  assumed  no  soil  phosphorus was  available from the previous year as an input. Phosphorus inputs from dry deposition, wet deposition, and wind erosion are negligible and were not included. To determine nutrient runoff from soybean  farming  in  PA,  specific  data  from  the  USDA  (United  States  Department  of agriculture) and other literature was collected to model nutrient runoff in Pennsylvania..  

Agricultural  systems exhibit  considerable variability and uncertainty  in emission profiles because of differences in geography, climate, and agricultural practices. The use of average data  to  characterize  agricultural  system  may  not  represent  emissions  occurring  during extreme  years  (such  as  rainy  or  drought  years).    But  it  is  always  difficult  to  analyze variability  and  uncertainty  of  agriculture  system  due  to  extremely  limited  data.  In  this study, we analyzed the uncertainty of critical emissions including CO2, N2O, CH4, NOx, NO3‐ and PO4‐3. Maximum and minimum values of these emissions are presented in Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5).   

6.4.4. LCI of Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation 

The processing and transportation processes were modeled using a combination of GREET and other LCI databases.  The data source for each main phase is given in Table 35.   

Table 35 ­ Process Data Sources for Transportation and Processing Stage 

Process  Tool used Transportation to Oil Plant  Franklin US LCI 98 Database Soy Oil Production  GREET Transesterification  Ecoinvent Database Biodiesel Transportation  Franklin US LCI 98 Database 

 

Transportation 

The model  for  the  transportation phases was developed  in  two  stages:  transportation of soy from field to production facility and transportation of biodiesel from production facility to distribution facility.   Because supplier and purchasing information is proprietary there was  no  directly  accessible  information  specific  to  PennDOT  as  to  the  origin  of  the  raw soybean.  Thus the distance from the field to the processing facility was assumed to be 450 miles, which  is  the distance used  in GREET.   This distance was deemed reasonable  since that is relatively the distance from many of the processing facilities to the Corn Belt in the Midwest.  

The second portion of the transportation model was developed using information collected from  PennDOT  as  well  as  its  biodiesel  supplier,  Petroleum  Products  Corp  (PPC).    The locations  of  PennDOT’s  fuel  storage  tanks  in  District  8  as  well  as  the  location  of  PPC’s distribution  facilities  were  collected  and  then  plotted  onto  the  map  in  Figure  20.    The distribution  network  was  then  analyzed  to  find  appropriate  transportation  distances between  the  distribution  facilities  and  the  storage  tanks.    The  calculated  distance  of transportation  from  the  distribution  facilities  to  the  tanks  was  about  17.5  miles  with  a 

 

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standard deviation of 12.5 miles.  A 95% confidence interval puts the distance between 5.5 and 29.5 miles for the final distribution. 

The distance from the production facilities to the distribution facilities was determined in a similar manner.   The difference was that the exact supplier was unknown and therefore a network was developed using a  few assumptions.   Since  it  is specified that PennDOT will only  use  plant  based  biofuels,  all  production  facilities  in  a  one  state  radius  that  used primarily  soybean  or  rapeseed  based  feedstocks  were  plotted  on  the  same  map.    Then distances  from  each  production  facility  to  each  of  PPC’s  distribution  facilities  were calculated.  As shown in Table 36, the network was then analyzed to determine the average distance  to  the eight distribution  facilities  from the production plant.   These values were then averaged to come up with an average transportation value of 221 miles.  Based on the 95% confidence  interval  the  transportation distance  is between 148 and 295 miles. This transportation distance was used to determine both the LCI and the LCIA, the results of the transportation  portion  of  the  LCI  are  shown  in Appendix  2:  Life  Cycle  Inventory Results (Task 5). 

Figure 20 ­ Location of Production Facilities, Distribution Terminals & Storage Tanks   

 

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Table 36 ­ Production Facility to Distribution Facility Transportation Distance Calculation 

 Distance from Production Facility to Distribution Facility in Miles   

Processing plant Dist. 1 

Dist. 2 

Dist. 3 

Dist. 4 

Dist. 5 

Dist. 6 

Dist. 7 

Dist. 8  Mean 

Biodiesel of Pennsylvania, Inc.  80  60 55 58 75 59.5 11.5  67  58

Keystone Biofuels  85  97 8 8 35 5.3 50  48  42

Lake Erie biofuels  231  201 180 182 210 171 159  212  193

Middletown PA Soy  75  92 5.5 3.5 23.5 17 50  37  38

Soy Energy Inc  101  121.5 30.5 29 42 25.5 75  61.5  61

United Biofuels  82.5  106.5 20 18 22 25 66  45  48

United Oil Company  240  235.5 169 171 196 156.5 174  210  194

Greenlight Biofuels  169  214.5 153 150 132.5 156.5 194.5  124  162Maryland Biodiesel  166.5  214 153 151 132 156 195  147  164

Peter Cremer  494  488 418 418 442 405 430  459  444

Agrifuels LLC  375  369 301 302 325 287 311  340.5  326

American Ag Fuels  467.5  448 401 402.5 429.5 389.5 397  440.5  422

American Made Fuels  311  296 243 243 270.5 230.5 241.5  282  265

Arlington Energy LLC  371  355 302 303 330 290 302  342  324

Jatrodiesel  471.5  463 398 399 423 385.5 407.5  439  423

PK Biodiesel   428  416 353.5 354 380 341 361  395.5  379

                   

Total Average Distance  221                 

Standard Deviation  150                 95% Confidence Interval  73                 95% Upper Confidence Limit  295                 

5% Lower Confidence Limit  148                  

Soy Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Processing 

The  production  and  processing  of  the  soybean  to  biodiesel  is  comprised  of  two  major stages,  soy oil  production and  soy oil  transesterification.   The  transesterification  stage  is where the soy oil is converted to soy methyl ester (B100) and its co‐product glycerine.  The LCI data for the soy oil production was found in GREET and converted to emissions per lb of  soybean  processed.      The  LCI  for  the  soy  oil  transesterification  was  developed  using SimaPro  with  the  input  value  being  one  lb  of  soy  methyl  ester.    The  results  were  then converted to be representative of one lb of soybean input with the conversion value being 1 lb  of  soybean  producing  about  0.175  lbs  of  soy methyl  ester.    The  data  for  the  common categories between GREET and SimaPro were of similar magnitude as presented in Table 37.  Since there was no discernable difference between GREET and SimaPro Ecoinvent data, the  data  from  SimaPro  was  used  for  the  final  LCI  since  the  data  accounted  for  more inventory flows than just the criteria pollutants. 

 

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 Table 37 ­ Comparison of GREET and Ecoinvent Transesterification Data 

Inventory Category 

 Units  GREET  Ecoinvent 

VOC  g/lb  0.0298  0.0285 CO  g/lb  0.0574  0.0684 NOx  g/lb  0.1603  0.1346 PM10  g/lb  0.0305  0.0354 PM2.5  g/lb  0.0194  0.0099 SOx  g/lb  0.0660  0.3001 CH4  g/lb  0.3463  0.3147 N2O  g/lb  0.0016  0.0010 CO2  g/lb  90.1  120.6 

6.4.5. LCI of Vehicle Operation and Emissions The LCI for the vehicle operation and emissions was generated using the fuel consumption and vehicle type information obtained and analyzed under Task 4 as reported in Chapter 5.  Since in‐the‐field emissions testing was not part of the scope of this project, this data was used in combination with the literature values identified in this section for emissions rates to calculate theoretical emissions for the study period. 

In Task 4,  the difference between  fuel consumption, maintenance and repair  frequencies, and  emissions  for  ULSD  and  B5  was  addressed.    Fuel  consumption  and  maintenance/ repairs  showed  no  statistically  significant  difference  between  the  fuel  types,  based  on analysis of the data provided by PennDOT.  Therefore, the net economic and environmental impact of  these metrics  for the two fuels  is assumed to be equal and is not considered in this LCA.  However, emissions differences between the fuels are statistically significant (as documented in the literature reviewed herein).   Even though in some cases the emissions differences between ULSD and B5 appear to be slight, the differences are included in this LCA.    The  results  for  this  phase  are  weighed  alongside  emissions  differences  (in  some cases, for the same pollutants) resulting from the fuel and feedstock production stages, to gain an accurate understanding of the environmental performance of the different fuels. 

The available LCA software described in earlier sections does not contain processes specific to  diesel  combustion  in  heavy  trucks  and off‐road  vehicles,  the  types  of  equipment  used exclusively by  the PennDOT diesel  fleet.    (The software does contain processes  for diesel combustion  in  heavy‐duty  trucks  and  other  vehicle  types  used  for  long‐distance transportation; however,  these processes do not  take  into account  the ages of  the  trucks and do not include most off‐road equipment).  Therefore, a custom model was developed to accurately represent the distribution of equipment types and ages and their respective fuel consumption.   

As noted in Chapter 5, EPA regulates the maximum allowable emissions from heavy‐duty and off‐road vehicles.  However, EPA has also developed modeling software specific to each vehicle  type.   MOBILE6  is  the most  recent  version  of  the MOBILE  suite  of models which 

 

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calculate  emissions  for  all  types  of  on‐road  vehicles  including  heavy  trucks; NONROAD2008  is  the  counterpart model  for  off‐road vehicles.   Documentation  for  these two models can be found on the EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality Modeling web page, http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models.htm.   The custom model used  in this project was developed from the available documentation for  these software programs and tailored to the specific application of PennDOT’s District 8 maintenance fleet. 

Major differences between regulatory maximum emissions rates and actual emissions rates are 1) the extent to which equipment may tend to emit less than the maximum allowable quantities, based on manufacturer testing and estimations of real‐world duty cycles, and 2) the  deterioration  (increase  in  emissions)  which  occurs  as  equipment  ages  beyond  its certification  time  frame as  set  forth  in  the  regulations.    For heavy  trucks, EPA calculated “Zero‐Mile  Level”  (new  equipment)  emission  rates  and  deterioration  factors.    These calculations are documented in EPA Report 420‐R‐99‐010 [56] and EPA Report 420‐R‐02‐005 [57].   Each truck in the District 8 fleet was assigned a specific emissions factor based on its model year and cumulative usage to‐date at the beginning of the study period (July 2008).  EPA calculated similar factors for off‐road equipment in Report 420‐P‐04‐009 [58].  Each  piece  of  off‐road  equipment  in  the  District  8  fleet  was  also  assigned  a  specific emissions factor based on model year and age.   

The resulting emissions factors were multiplied by each vehicle’s fuel consumption during the study period to arrive at a cumulative emissions total for the entire fleet for the year, for the ULSD baseline fuel.   The total emissions for each pollutant type were then divided by  the  total  fuel  consumption,  to  arrive  at  a  fleetwide  consumption‐weighted  average emission rate for each gallon of fuel used.  Using this method, equipment which gets used more  frequently,  and  hence  consumes  more  fuel  contributes  more  to  the  average  than lesser‐used equipment.  The ULSD emissions factors were multiplied by the B5 adjustment factors presented  in Chapter 5  to  calculate  the  fleetwide weighted  average B5  emissions factors.  Table 38 presents the result of the emissions factor calculations for both ULSD and B5 fuels. 

Table 38 ­ Fleetwide Consumption­Weighted Emissions Factors 

Emission Type  NOx  PM  CO  HC  SO2  CO2  CH4  N2O 

Units  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal  g/gal 

ULSD Emission Factor(1) 

54.91  2.39  21.12  4.63  0.095  10.29  0.21  0.30 

B5 Adjustment Factor 

+0.5%  ‐3.9%  ‐2.8%  ‐3.5%  ‐5%  +0%  +0%  +0% 

B5 Emission Factor 

55.19  2.30  20.53  4.46  0.09  10.29  0.21  0.30 

 

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(1) “Fleetwide Weighted”  indicates emissions  factors  that were calculated by dividing the entire  fleet’s annual emissions, based on the fuel consumption and technology type of the individual vehicles, by the total annual fuel consumption. 

The  results  of  both  the detailed and  the averaged  inventory  are  included  in Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5).  As with the feedstock and fuel production stages, the inventory results were used in the LCIA study, described in Section 6.5. 

6.4.6. LCI of Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation The GREET model was used to calculate the LCI for the baseline diesel fuel used in blending with biodiesel to make B5 and in the baseline ULSD.   Data from the GREET model covers energy consumption and combustion‐related emissions from the “well to pump” portion of the life cycle for diesel fuel.  Not included in GREET are the emissions from fuel combustion in heavy‐duty trucks and off‐road vehicles (GREET does model combustion in cars and light duty  trucks),  or  non‐combustion  emissions  from  fuel  and  feedstock  production  (for example, VOC emissions from petroleum refining, among others).     Combustion emissions from off‐road and heavy‐duty vehicles representative of the PennDOT fleet were modeled using the customized process described above in Section 6.4.4.   

The  baseline  diesel  fuel  used  by  PennDOT  for  all  equipment, whether  on‐  or  off‐road,  is ultra‐low‐sulfur  diesel  (ULSD) with  a maximum  sulfur  content  of  15  ppm  in  accordance with EPA regulations  for on‐highway diesel  fuel.   This  is also the  fuel which was blended with B100 at the terminal to produce B5 in this pilot study.  GREET calculates the inventory for “Conventional and Low‐Sulfur Diesel” in the same category, but the default percentage of  “Low‐Sulfur  Diesel”  is  100%.    The  sulfur  content  by  weight  of  GREET’s  “Low‐Sulfur Diesel”  is 11 ppm, slightly  less than the EPA‐regulated content of 15 ppm for ULSD; thus, the model results for “Conventional and Low Sulfur Diesel” are valid for ULSD.  

Several of the key inputs in the GREET model for diesel fuel are described below: 

The energy content of the fuel is 129,488 Btu/gal, which is needed to convert all of the  emissions  results  into  per  gallon  terms,  since  the model  reports  emissions  in terms of per MMBtu (million Btu). 

90.6%  of  the  feedstock  to  oil  refineries  is  assumed  to  be  conventional  crude  oil; 9.4% is assumed to be from oil sands. 

Conventional crude oil recovery is assumed to be 98% efficient; oil sands recovery efficiencies  vary depending on  the  technique used  (GREET also  contains  a default allocation of 50% to two different techniques, surface mining and in‐situ recovery) and are in the range of 80‐90%. 

The efficiency of petroleum refining to diesel  fuel  is 89.3% for ULSD, compared to 90.3% for conventional diesel (200 ppm sulfur by weight; analogous to Low‐Sulfur Diesel as defined by EPA regulations). 

On a percentage basis, the contribution of crude oil recovery and transportation to the  total  energy  expended  is  slightly  more  than  25%,  with  refining  comprising nearly 70% and transportation / distribution of the refined diesel fuel slightly over 5%. 

 

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The total and fossil energy consumption for every 1,000,000 Btu (MMBtu) available in the diesel fuel at the pump is 193,718 Btu, or an efficiency of 83.8%.  Almost all of the energy consumption is fossil fuel (coal, natural gas and petroleum), representing 190,215 Btu.  The crude oil actually refined into diesel is not categorized as energy consumption, for bookkeeping purposes; this energy consumption is accounted for in the operations/combustion stage.   

Emissions of pollutants other than the greenhouse gases and criteria air pollutants covered by  GREET were modeled  using  SimaPro  software  and  the  the  USLCI  inventory  database [40].  These emissions include hazardous air pollutants and water emissions of many types which are released throughout the process of  fuel extraction, refining and transportation.  The combined inventory results from GREET and SimaPro were reconciled according to the procedure described in Section 6.4.2 and are presented in Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5).  Results of the LCIA of the reconciled data from all phases of the diesel fuel life cycle are discussed in Section 6.6. 

6.5.  Life Cycle Impact Assessment – Pilot Project 

6.5.1. Introduction The third step in LCA is the life cycle impact assessment (LCIA).  A general overview of LCIA is  given  in  Section  6.2.    A  separate  LCIA was  generated  for  each  of  the  four  component stages identified in the Section 6.4.  The results for each component stage were then scaled to ensure consistent functional units and compared to produce the final, unified LCIA. 

6.5.2. Description of Life Cycle Impact Assessment Models Used Numerous life cycle impact assessment tools have been proposed and developed, each with different  scales,  locations,  and  methodologies.  LCIA  methods  range  from  policy  criteria approaches  like  Ecoindicator  95, weighting  approaches  set  by  representatives  of  society like  SETAC  with  Netherlands  Oil  and  Gas  Exploration  and  Production  Association (NOGEPA),  industrial  preference  approaches  like  BASF’s  Eco‐efficiency,  and  economic mechanisms like total cost accounting and life cycle costing (also known as activity‐based LCA) [32, 59‐61]. Several specific tools have been developed for the application of LCIA to LCIs  and  are  used  more  commonly  in  conjunction  with  detailed  LCAs  and  within  LCA software packages.   

The TRACI (Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts) model was chosen as the most applicable for this project.  TRACI was created by the USEPA and is the only LCIA method with midpoint characterization factors developed specifically  for  the US  [62]. TRACI presents LCIA  factors  for  the  following environmental impact categories (also known as midpoints): Human Health (in three separate categories), Photochemical  Oxidation,  Ozone  Layer  Depletion,  Aquatic  Ecotoxicity,  Acidification, Eutrophication, Global Warming, and Energy Use.  TRACI 2 V3.01 was used by the SimaPro software for this project. 

TRACI  utilizes  environmental  impact  factors  developed  from  a  number  of  sources  that include deterministic multimedia fate and exposure models. Using a risk‐based approach, TRACI  estimates  toxicological  impacts  per  unit  emission  based  on  chemical  fate  and 

 

  77

transportation as well as  the risk and exposure of an effect. The reader  is referred to the TRACI  documentation  on  the  USEPA’s  National  Risk  Management  Laboratory  (NRMRL) website  (http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/std/sab/traci/).    A  schematic  of  the  TRACI  model framework is included in Figure 21. 

Figure 21 ­ TRACI Model Schematic from USEPA Web Page 

 

6.5.3. LCIA of Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture The  impact assessment of agricultural stage  is achieved by  translating  the environmental loads  from  inventory  results  into  environmental  impact  using  TRACI.  As  previously mentioned, TRACI calculated characterization factors (CFs) for each stressor that may have environmental  impacts. The CF  represents  the equivalent effect of  individual  compounds with  respect  to  a  reference  substance.  Environmental  impacts  of  agricultural  stage were calculated by multiplying TRACI’s CF corresponding to each LCI emission to the LCI output emission  value. While  the  LCIA  results  of  soybean  farming  are  shown  in  Table  39,  stage contribution results are depicted in Figure 22. 

 

 

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Table 39 – Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture – LCIA Results by Stage for Producing 1 kg Soybeans 

Impact category 

Unit  On­field  Fertilizer  Lime  Herbicide+ insecticide 

Farming equipment  

Seed  Irrigation  Total 

Global Warming  kg CO2 eq 

‐9.90E‐01  9.01E‐02  9.69E‐05  3.60E‐03  4.30E‐02  ‐5.20E‐03 5.92E‐02  ‐7.94E‐02 

Acidification  H+ moles eq  2.50E‐02  5.10E‐02  3.81E‐05  1.01E‐03  2.10E‐02  1.10E‐02  1.22E‐02  1.22E‐01 Carcinogens  kg benzene eq  9.10E‐06  8.40E‐04  6.63E‐08  8.52E‐06  1.01E‐04  5.21E‐05  5.60E‐04  1.57E‐03 Non carcinogens  kg toluene eq 

0.00E+00  7.60E+00  4.98E‐04  4.12E‐02  3.16E‐01  3.80E‐01  1.56E+00  9.97E+00 

Respiratory effects  kg PM2.5 eq 

1.10E‐05  2.80E‐04  1.07E‐07  5.82E‐10  8.96E‐06  2.68E‐05  9.26E‐05  5.08E‐04 

Eutrophication  kg N eq  1.30E‐02  2.60E‐03  6.78E‐08  2.02E‐06  3.65E‐05  6.08E‐04  2.79E‐05  1.58E‐02 Ecotoxicity  kg 2,4‐D eq  0.00E+00  9.02E‐02  3.94E‐05  5.50E‐03  3.83E‐02  0.00E+00  1.02E‐01  2.36E‐01 Smog  kg NOx eq  2.70E‐04  2.20E‐04  8.36E‐07  6.51E‐06  4.50E‐04  1.32E‐04  1.50E‐04  1.22E‐03 

 

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Figure 22 ­ Stage Contribution for Soybean Farming LCIA Results by Impact Category 

  

As Figure 22 shows, stage contribution for each environmental impact category is variable.  Soybean farming has negative global warming potential, because soybean plants have great capability to sequester CO2 from air and offset air emissions from other agricultural stages. Fertilizer process is the main contributor in most of impact categories, such as acidification, carcinogens,  non‐carinogenics,  respiratory  and  eutrophication.  Irrigation  also  plays  an important role in carcinogens, ozone depletion, ecotoxicity and smog categories because of large  water  requirement  for  plant  growth.    Herbicide,  pesticide  and  lime  processes contribute less than 2.5% for all impact categories.  

6.5.4. LCIA  of  Biodiesel:  Soybean  Oil  Extraction,  Processing,  Blending  and Transportation 

After compiling the LCI for the processing and transportation stages, the inventories were then evaluated with the TRACI tool to create the LCIA.  The LCIA for each of the four main stages  can  be  seen  in  Table  40.    The  left  side  of  the  table  contains  the  major  impact categories and their units.   The remainder of  the  table shows the contribution  from each stage of the process.  The final column of the table shows the sum of each of the individual stages.  Notice in the “Soy Oil Production” column there are 5 cells that contain “n/a”, this is because  GREET  was  used  for  the  LCI  portion  of  that  process  and  it  does  not  contain inventory data related to those impact categories. 

‐100%

‐80%

‐60%

‐40%

‐20%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

%,  stage contribution percentage

irrigation

seed

farming euquipment

herbicide+pesticide

lime

fertilizer

on‐field

 

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Table 40 – Biodiesel: Soy Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation ­  LCIA Results per Stage for 1 Pound Soybean Throughput 

Impact category  Unit 

Soybean Transportation 

Soy Oil Extraction 

Transesterification (Processing) 

Biodiesel Transportation  Total  

Global Warming  kg CO2 eq  1.05E‐02  8.50E‐02  9.33E‐02  2.30E‐03  1.91E‐01 Acidification  H+ moles eq  4.81E‐03  6.53E‐03  2.12E‐02  1.06E‐03  3.36E‐02 

Carcinogens kg benzene eq  2.85E‐07  n/a  1.42E‐04  6.26E‐08  1.42E‐04 

Non carcinogens  kg toluene eq  1.39E‐03  n/a  5.50E‐01  3.05E‐04  5.52E‐01 Respiratory effects  kg PM2.5 eq  3.66E‐06  n/a  1.09E‐04  8.06E‐07  1.13E‐04 Eutrophication  kg N eq  3.94E‐06  3.73E‐06  2.27E‐04  8.66E‐07  2.36E‐04 Ecotoxicity  kg 2,4‐D eq  6.46E‐06  n/a  8.91E‐02  1.42E‐06  8.91E‐02 Smog  kg NOx eq  8.95E‐05  9.32E‐04  1.45E‐04  1.97E‐05  1.19E‐03  

 

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The results of this table are illustrated graphically in Figure 23.  Emissions from the soy oil transesterification stage are the largest contributors in most of the categories, accounting for  almost  all  of  the  carcinogens,  non‐carcinogens,  ozone  depletion,  and  ecotoxicity categories.    It  also  plays  the  most  significant  portion  of  the  respiratory  effects  and eutrophication categories.    It  is possible  that  soy oil production would also  contribute  to those categories, however as stated above the GREET based analysis of that stage does not contain inventory that would contribute to those categories.  It can be seen though that the soy  oil  production  does  contribute  significantly  to  both  the  global  warming  and acidification categories, as well as being the major contributor to the smog category.    Neither of the transportation stages accounts for the majority of any category, but they do contribute to several categories,  the  largest of which is acidification.    It can be noted that the first transportation phase has a greater contribution than the second and this is due to two major contributors.  The first is that the distance transported in the first phase is twice that of the second phase, but also since the functional unit is per lb of soybean thru and the final  transportation  is  transporting  biodiesel  not  soybean  it  needs  to  be  converted appropriately.  To clarify this point note that it takes 5.7 lbs of soybean to produce 1 lb of biodiesel, hence the results must be divided by that 5.7 in order to get the equivalent of 1 lb soybean  input.   However,  it  turns out  that  after  allocation  approach  in  section 6.4.4 was considered, the impact of the initial transportation stage is about 5 times larger than that of the second stage.   

Figure 23 ­ LCIA Results by Per Stage for 1 lb Soybean Throughput 

 

6.5.5. LCIA of Vehicle Operation and Emissions The LCIA of the vehicle operation and emissions stage for both B5 and ULSD was calculated manually  using  the  TRACI  characterization  factors  and  the  results  of  the  inventory obtained from the fleet model.  Combustion emissions from diesel equipment, as modeled in  most  LCA  software,  including  the  custom model  developed  for  this  project,  result  in impacts  in  several  but  not  of  the  TRACI  impact  categories.    The  LCIA  results  for  the 

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

GW Acid Carc NonCarc Resp Eutro. Ecotox Smog

Percent of To

tal Impact by Process

Impact Category

Transport and Distribution

Transesterification

Soy Oil Production

Soybean Transportation

 

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operation and emissions stage are shown in Table 41.  Impacts for B5 are slightly higher in the categories of Acidification, Eutrophication and Smog, because of the slightly higher NOx emissions from the biodiesel fuel.  In the Acidification and Smog categories, the NOx effect masks  the  slight  reduction  in  other  emissions  contributing  to  these  categories  (SO2  for Acidification; CO and HC for smog).  Eutrophication is related only to NOx, for combustion emissions.    B5  shows  a  slight  decrease  in  the  Respiratory  Effects  category,  due  to  the reduction in particulate matter.  Global warming potential (for the combustion stage only) is unchanged between the two fuels.    It should be noted that the B5 combustion category represents  the  full  blend  (i.e.  5% biodiesel  and 95% ULSD);  likewise,  the ULSD  category represents 100% ULSD. 

Table 41 – B5 and ULSD: LCIA Results for Combustion Emissions of 1 Gallon of Fuel 

Impact category  Unit  B5 Combustion  ULSD Combustion 

Global Warming  kg CO2 eq  10.39  10.39 

Acidification  H+ moles eq  2.21  2.20 

Respiratory effects  kg PM2.5 eq  3.25E‐04  3.38E‐04 

Eutrophication  kg N eq  2.44E‐03  2.43E‐03 

Smog  kg NOx eq  7.29E‐02  7.27E‐02   

6.5.6. LCIA of Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation Results  of  the  LCIA  for  the  well‐to‐pump  stages  of  petroleum  diesel  (as  ULSD)  are presented  in  Table  42.    Refer  to  Section  6.6  for  a  discussion  of  the  comparative  impact assessment between ULSD and biodiesel fuels. 

Table 42 ­ Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation ­ LCIA Results for Production of 1 Gallon of Fuel 

Impact category  Unit  Total 

Global Warming  kg CO2 eq  1.74 

Acidification  H+ moles eq  1.20 

Carcinogens  kg benzene eq  4.21E‐03 

Non carcinogens  kg toluene eq  88.91 

Respiratory effects  kg PM2.5 eq  1.84E‐03 

Eutrophication  kg N eq  8.17E‐04 

Ecotoxicity  kg 2,4‐D eq  2.47 

Smog  kg NOx eq  1.18E‐02 

 

   

 

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6.6. Results of Task 5: Environmental and Economic Analysis: Pilot Project The separate LCIA calculations for the various stages of fuels were reconciled according to their  different  functional  units  and  combined  to  produce  a  single,  unified  LCIA  for  the complete  system.    For  soybean  agriculture,  the  same market‐value  based  allocation was performed to assign impacts to soy oil or its co‐product, soy meal.  This allocation resulted in  42% of  the  impacts  from  the  soybean  system  allocated  to  soy  oil,  in  accordance with GREET  default  model  values.    The  same  allocation  was  performed  for  soybean transportation and soy oil extraction, as discussed in Section 6.4.4.   The combined results for all pre‐combustion (well to pump) fuel cycle stages were pro‐rated by the percentage of fuel in the final blend (5% biodiesel and 95% ULSD for B5; 100% ULSD for the petroleum diesel baseline).  The results of the combined LCIA for B5 and ULSD are shown in Figure 24, displayed in terms of the relative  impacts  in each category, where the  impacts  for B5 are chosen as 100% and the results for ULSD are referenced thereto. 

Figure 24 ­ LCIA Results for B5 and ULSD 

 

‐10%

0%

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30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

110%

ULSD Life Cycle (Baseline)

B5 Combustion

Petroleum Diesel Extraction, Refining and Transportation

Biodiesel Transportation

Biodiesel Processing (Transesterification)

Soy Oil Extraction

Soybean Agriculture

 

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The  full  LCA  of  both  fuels  demonstrates  the  environmental  tradeoffs  associated  with biodiesel,  although  the differences  are minimized by  the  low 5% blending  ratio  of B5  to ULSD.  B5 shows an approximately 2% reduction in global warming potential (total of the positive  and negative  bars  on  the  graph)  due  to  the  uptake  of  CO2  from  the  atmosphere associated  with  soybean  agriculture.    However,  the  energy  used  for  production  of  the biodiesel is much greater on a per‐gallon basis than for petroleum extraction and refining, negating some of this benefit.    Results for the two fuels in the acidification and smog categories are nearly equal, because although  biodiesel  has  a  slightly  higher  NOx  tailpipe  emission  rate,  the  corresponding emissions  of  NOx  for  its  production  are  lower  (oil  refineries  are  large  NOx  and  VOC emitters).  Human health effects due to carcinogens are higher for biodiesel, but lower for non‐carcinogenic chemicals; correspondingly, ecotoxicity is slightly higher for ULSD.  Impacts  in  the eutrophication category are  the most obvious environmental drawback  to biodiesel, and biofuels in general.   Current agricultural methods are associated with large amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) runoff to waterways, resulting from high rates of  fertilizer  application  to  fields  in  order  to  boost  crop  yields.    More  environmentally friendly  farming  practices,  such  as  no‐or  minimal  tillage  and  undisturbed  buffer  strips along adjacent waterways would reduce this effect if implemented on a large scale.  In the long term, alternative feedstocks may be necessary to sustainably produce biofuels at large scales.  Some of these alternatives will be discussed in Task 7 of this project.  With  respect  to  the  pilot  study  involving  B5  usage  in  District  8,  the  results  of  the environmental  analysis  are mixed.    However,  a  reduction  in  global warming  potential  is noted, which would be higher at higher blend ratios.   The comparative effects of different blend ratios will also be addressed in Task 7.    

 

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7. Chapter  7  (Task  6):  Environmental  and  Economic  Analysis:  Statewide Implementation 

7.1. Introduction The  analysis  conducted  in  Chapter  6  can  be  extended  to  the  potential  statewide implementation  of  B5.    In  fact,  PennDOT  has  implemented  B5  usage  in  all  of  its maintenance  districts  as  of  the  summer  of  2009.    However,  this  chapter  examines  the potential economic and environmental impacts of statewide implementation as it relates to the District 8 pilot project.   

The “what‐if” scenario discussed herein examined important questions and possible results relating to statewide implementation of B5.  Key questions identified are as follows: 

Cost  –  Do  the  differences  among  the  PennDOT  districts  indicate  a  likely difference  in cost of the  fuel?   Because  fuel prices are determined at  the  time of purchase  from  the  contracted  supplier,  it  is possible  that  logistical  issues,  such  as increased transportation difference, or cold weather concerns, leading to the use of varying quantities of additives, may influence the price of the supplied fuel.  Because the fuel procurement contract requires supplier quality control, the concerns about cold  weather  performance  on  a  statewide  basis,  relative  to  the  pilot  project,  are generally believed  to be captured  in  fuel  cost data.   However,  it was noted during project  discussions  that  county  equipment  managers  have  the  discretion  to introduce additive  to  their diesel  storage  tanks when a weather bulletin  is  issued.  Data for how much additive may have been introduced at the county maintenance facilities  was  not  available  for  the  District  8  pilot  project  and  thus  cannot  be evaluated on a statewide basis.  

Biodiesel  Availability  – Would  the  statewide  implementation  of  B5  require sufficient  biodiesel  to  have  an  impact  on  its  availability?    Three  possibilities were considered: 

o The  demand  for  biodiesel  resulting  from  statewide  implementation  of  B5 would be small compared to the availability of biodiesel and thus would not cause additional economic or environmental impacts. 

o The demand for biodiesel would be large enough to influence the production of  biodiesel  such  that  it would  have  economic  and  environmental  impacts, possibly  including  increases  in  agricultural  production,  possibly  on  more marginal agricultural lands, thus increasing cost and environmental impacts. 

o The demand for biodiesel would be so large that supply issues would occur if the market could not respond in the required time frame.  

Regional  Differences  in  Environmental  Impacts  – Would  the  environmental impacts  of  B5  implementation  in  the  other  PennDOT  districts  differ meaningfully  from  District  8?    Possible  issues  could  include  location‐related changes in vehicle emissions factors, due to climate differences or traffic congestion.  Differing  age  distributions  of  equipment  across  the  districts  would  also  have  an effect,  but  vehicle  data  was  not  available  for  the  remainder  of  the  state.    Fuel 

 

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transportation distances could also affect  the  life cycle emissions of  the B5 among the different districts.   If additional lands were required to be put into agricultural production,  life  cycle  environmental  effects  could  also  change.    These  topics  are addressed in Section 7.3. 

7.2. Life Cycle Cost  As noted in Chapter 6, the life cycle cost differences between B5 and ULSD fuels are shown to be reflected in the fuel price.   An average increase in fuel price of $0.06 per gallon was calculated for District 8, based on data analyzed in Chapter 5 (Table 21).   Cost variability for  B5  between  Districts  was  expected  to  be  influenced  by  1)  weather  differences, particularly  the  average  colder  winters  experienced  in  the  northern  Districts,  and  2) differences in transportation distances.  However, because PennDOT receives deliveries of the blended B5 product from fuel distribution terminals, distance from the terminal to the District tanks is not a factor in the differential cost between B5 and ULSD.  The remoteness of  the  terminals  themselves  may  be  a  factor  in  the  cost  of  biodiesel  delivered  to  these locations,  but  the  analysis  carried  out  in  Section  7.3.2  shows  that  the  distribution  of terminals  and  biodiesel  production  facilities  is  similar  for  District  8  and  most  other PennDOT districts. 

Figure 25­ Map of PennDOT Districts 

 

Source: PennDOT (http://www.dot.state.pa.us/Internet/web.nsf/RegionalMap?OpenForm) 

With respect to weather differences, the data presented in Table 21 (Chapter 5) compared District  8  biodiesel  prices  to  District  3  ULSD  prices  for  July  2008‐May  2009.    District  3 covers the north‐central portion of Pennsylvania and thus experiences colder weather than District  8  (Figure  25).    Like  B5,  ULSD  also  requires  cold  weather  additives.    Thus,  fuel would  be  expected  to  be  more  expensive  in  the  winter  months  for  District  3  than  for 

 

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District  8,  based  on  the  presumed  use  of  more  additives  due  to  the  colder  weather.  However, the prices shown in Table 21 show that for August through November 2008 and April through May 2009, the price of B5 in District 8 ranged from $0.05 less to $0.35 more than ULSD in District 3, whereas from December 2008 through March 2009, the price of B5 in  District  8  ranged  from  $0.14  less  to  $0.09  more  than  ULSD  in  District  3.    Thus,  the difference between B5 and ULSD prices decreased during  the winter.   This  result,  though based on a  small  sample,  suggests  that winter additive consumption may not drive price differences on an annual basis.  Coupled with the small differences in transportation effects on  the  fuel  life  cycle,  no  difference  in  the  life‐cycle  cost  of  B5  versus  ULSD  is  found  for statewide implementation versus the pilot project. 

7.3.  Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 

7.3.1. Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture If  the  project  scope  is  expanded  to  researching  the  feasibility  of  statewide  B5 implementation,  life cycle environmental impacts driven by the agriculture stage may not change.    According  to  USDA  data,  17.63  million  bushels  of  soybeans  were  produced  on 430,000  acres  of  farmland  in Pennsylvania  in  2007  ([46,  63]).  In  the  same  year,  at  least 9.2% of total soybeans produced in the US went into biodiesel refineries to meet national biodiesel  consumption  ([64]).  If  we  follow  this  conservative  percentage,  Pennsylvania soybeans can potentially provide at least 2.11 million gallons of biodiesel.  By contrast, total PennDOT  diesel  fuel  consumption  in  2007  was  13.2  million  gallons.    Statewide  B5 implementation would thus require 5% of  that  total or 0.662 million gallons of biodiesel. Meanwhile,  biotechnology  development  and  economic  incentives may  increase  biodiesel production  to  ensure  B5’s  feedstock  supply  in  near  future.  Basing  on  above  estimation, soybean production in PA has enough production to satisfy state wide  implementation of B5.   However, it is evident that limited arable farmland areas in Pennsylvania may not be able  to supply sufficient  feedstock  to meet demand  for higher biodiesel blend  levels. The agricultural requirements for these scenarios will be discussed in Task 7.  

7.3.2. Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation 

The increase of the scope of the project to state wide implementation has only a small effect on the processing and transportation processes within the LCA.  This is due in part to the functional unit used (per pound of soybean  through put), and also because  the  impact of the  transportation  stages  are  small  with  respect  to  the  LCA  as  a whole.    Essentially  the processing stages remain the same with the only change being an increase in production, a change  only  affected  by  increased  scaling.    The  main  change  occurs  in  the  second transportation  stage,  relating  to  the  biodiesel  transport  distance  from  the  distribution facility to the storage tanks. 

For  the  pilot  study,  the  value  used  for  the  transportation  of  the  biodiesel  from  the distribution terminals to the tanks was calculated to be about 17 miles which was used to develop  Figure  26.    The  change  to  state  wide  implementation  would  likely  change  this distance as a large number of storage tanks become included in the distribution network.  A sensitivity analysis was conducted to calculate the magnitude of the change from the pilot to statewide implementation. 

 

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In order to account for state wide implementation and determine the impact of that change, the remaining PPC distribution terminals were plotted on a map, as well as the location of the PennDOT storage tanks furthest from those facilities.  This was used to determine that the  longest  transportation  distance  from  distribution  facility  to  storage  tank, which was about 103 miles.  This number was then substituted for the initial value of 17 miles in order to  create a worst  case  scenario  and  see  if  that  change had any major  effects on  the LCA.  These results can be seen in Figure 27. 

Figure 26 ­ LCIA Results for Processing and Distribution of Biodiesel for 1 lb Soybeans for District 8 Only 

 

Figure 27 – LCIA Results for Processing and Distribution of Biodiesel for 1 lb Soybeans for All PennDOT District 

 

It  was  found  that  this  worst  case  scenario  resulted  in  a  change  less  than  1.5%  to  all categories.   The greatest change was to acidification, and the remainder of the categories 

 

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changed less than 1%.  These differences are well within the allotted error boundaries and thus  there  is  little  to  suggest  that  there would  be  any  significant  LCA  impact  changes  in processing and transportation due to state wide implementation. 

7.3.3. Vehicle Operation and Emissions The USEPA’s Motor  Vehicle  Emission  Simulator  (MOVES)  2010  release  [65] was  used  to examine potential variability in regional emissions rates across the 11 PennDOT Districts.  MOVES  2010 was  released  in  December  2009  and was  not  available  for  previous  tasks.  MOVES  replaces MOBILE6  as  the  default  national  on‐road  emissions modeling  software.  Future  versions  of  MOVES  will  include  off‐road  equipment  and  replace  the  NONROAD model.  Emissions factors for heavy trucks are documented in the technical background for MOVES  [66],  along  with  explanation  of  the  source  of  any  regional  variations.    Regional variations  in  MOVES  emissions  factors  for  a  particular  vehicle  type  can  include  the following: 

Regional variations in the age distribution of the general on‐road vehicle fleet.  Climate (temperature and humidity) effects.  Differences  in  vehicle  operations  characteristics  between  urban  and  rural  areas, 

reflecting  both  the  distributions  of  road  types  and  traffic  congestion  (affecting average vehicle speeds as well as stops and starts). 

MOVES provides county‐specific values for the above factors based on national databases of vehicle registrations, highway types and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and weather data.  For  this  analysis,  the  default  values  for  vehicle  age  distributions,  based  on  vehicle registration data, are not applicable  to  the PennDOT  fleet.   The actual age distribution of the District 8 fleet was presented in Chapters 4 and 5.  This age distribution was assumed to  be  constant  across  all  PennDOT  districts.    Assuming  a  constant  age  distribution, examining the regional changes  for a specific model year  is a valid method simplification for  determining  overall  regional  differences.    Therefore,  MOVES  data  was  extracted  for model year 2006 as a representative year for PennDOT vehicles and compared across the 67 Pennsylvania counties, grouped according to PennDOT District. 

Default  MOVES  climate  data  was  considered  valid  for  PennDOT  fleet  operations.    The analysis was conducted for the “short haul heavy trucks” category  in MOVES (believed to be  the  most  appropriate  category  for  both  dump  trucks  and  crew  cabs,  which  are responsible for almost 90% of District 8 fuel consumption as reported in Chapter 5) for the calendar year 2008.   

MOVES  calculates  emissions  factors on a per mile basis.   However,  the  fuel  consumption per mile varies widely depending on the distribution of road types in a given location (e.g. rural  vs.  urban,  limited  access  vs.  non‐limited  access).    Since MOVES  also  calculates  fuel consumption  per  mile,  the  results  were  normalized  to  fuel  consumption  to  bring  the comparison  to  a  per‐gallon  basis,  in  accordance with  the  previous  tasks  on  this  project.  Results of the county‐specific emissions factor analysis are presented in Figure 28. 

A district‐wide emission  factor comparison was performed by grouping  the counties  into their respective Districts, with each county’s factor weighted by the total PennDOT diesel 

 

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fuel  consumption  in  that  county  relative  to  its  District.    District‐specific  variation  in emissions factors for selected pollutants is shown in Figure 29.  The emissions factors were then multiplied by  the TRACI characterization  factors discussed  in Chapter 6  to calculate District‐specific variation in the LCIA categories, as shown in Figure 30. 

7.3.4. Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation A separate analysis for the changes in petroleum diesel (ULSD) “well to pump” impacts was not  conducted  for  this  task.    Because  of  the  large  national  demand  for  petroleum‐based fuels  and  the  extensive  supply  network,  it  is  not  feasible  to  identify  any  differences  in petroleum origin and thus impacts due to extraction, crude oil transportation, or refining.  Impact  from  transportation  of  the  finished  ULSD  product  may  vary  regionally  within Pennsylvania, but  the  impacts of  final product  transportation are such a  small portion of the overall ULSD life cycle that any regional differences are likely to be insignificant.   The results  of  the  analysis  in  Chapter  6,  Section  6.5.6  are  used  herein  to  supply  the  ULSD portion of the statewide implementation analysis. 

 

 

 

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Figure 28 ­ County Specific Emissions Factors Compared to Statewide Average Emission Factor for Selected Pollutants 

 

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Figure 29 ­ Change in Emissions Factors from Statewide Average for Selected Pollutants by PennDOT District 

 

Figure 30 ­ Change in LCIA Category Values from Statewide Average by PennDOT District 

 

‐5%

‐4%

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0%

1%

2%

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Change

 from Statewide Emissions Factor

PennDOT District

CO

NOX

VOC

PM

 

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7.4. Results  of  Task  6:  Environmental  and  Economic  Analysis:  Statewide Implementation 

The  analysis  suggests  that  statewide  implementation  of  B5  does  little  to  change  the economic and environmental footprint of the fuel on a per unit basis.   Fuel cost may vary slightly based on transportation distances or winter additive requirements, but data trends supporting those variables were not observed in this study.  With respect to environmental consequences, statewide use of B5 by PennDOT is small with respect to national biodiesel consumption (<1%) and would be able  to be met by Pennsylvania soybean agriculture,  if required.   Transportation of  fuel  to more  remote areas of  the state  slightly  increases  the environmental footprint of the fuel, but only by 1% to 1.5% of the biodiesel processing and transportation  stage,  and  by  a  negligible  percentage  (<0.1%)  of  the  LCIA  for  most categories.  Finally, emissions factors and LCIA results for combustion emissions may vary by up  to 5% and 2% respectively by District, but  these variations affect  the emissions of ULSD and B5 equally.  Figure 31 shows the results of the statewide LCIA comparing B5 and ULSD; the minimum and maximum differences in LCIA by PennDOT district are shown by the error bars in the figure.   

Figure 31 ­ Results of Statewide LCIA for B5 and ULSD 

 

   

 

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8. Chapter  8  (Task  7):  Environmental  and  Economic  Analysis:  Evaluation  of Alternative Biodiesel Formulations 

8.1. Introduction This chapter  investigates the possibilities of alternative biodiesel blends (B20, B100) and their  potential  to  aid  the  Commonwealth  of  Pennsylvania  in  meeting  State  and  Federal goals and mandates for alternative energy usage.  A brief introduction to the various State and  Federal  initiatives  is  given  in  this  section.    Life  cycle  economic  effects  of  higher biodiesel  blends are  addressed  in  Section 8.2;  a  revised LCA  for  environmental  effects  is presented in Section 8.3.   Various scenarios involving possible mandates or incentives for 1)  in‐state  production  of  biodiesel  and  2)  in‐state  feedstock  agriculture  are  addressed herein and summarized in Section 8.4. 

8.1.1. Penn Security Fuels Initiative The  Penn  Security  Fuels  Initiative,  announced  by  Governor  Rendell  in  2007  and subsequently adopted into law in 2008 (Title 73 Pennsylvania Statutes 1650) [67], requires that all diesel fuel sold in Pennsylvania contain a minimum percentage of biodiesel based upon  the  in‐state  production  capacity  of  biodiesel.    Production  capacities  and corresponding biodiesel blend levels are shown in Table 43. 

Table 43 ­ PennSecurity Fuels Initiative  Required Biodiesel Blend Levels 

In‐State Production Capacity (million gallons per year) 

Required  Biodiesel Blend Level 

40  B2 100  B5 200  B10 400  B20 

 

The B2  requirement  is  effective  January 1,  2010  [68].   However,  at  this  time  compliance with the mandate by distributors and retailers has not been determined.   

8.1.2. Federal Energy Policy Act of 1992 The Federal Energy Policy Act (EPACT) of 1992 required certain large vehicle fleet owners, including state governments, to purchase and maintain a certain percentage of alternative fuel  vehicles  (AFV’s).    The  1998 EPACT  amendments  allow  fleet  owners  to  obtain  credit toward  the  AFV  requirements  by  using  biodiesel  instead  of  petroleum  diesel  in  existing diesel equipment.  In order to qualify, the biodiesel purchased must be B20 or higher.  For every 450 gallons of biodiesel used (2,250 gallons of B20), one AFV credit can be obtained, up  to 50% of  the  total  credits  required  for  the  fleet.    The biodiesel  fuel must  be used  in heavy vehicles with gross vehicle weight (GVW) greater than 8,500 lbs.  Since nearly all of PennDOT’s  diesel  equipment  meets  this  weight  requirement,  the  use  of  B20  or  higher biodiesel  blends  in  PennDOT’s  fleet  could  aid  Pennsylvania  with  EPACT  compliance,  if 

 

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necessary.    Since  the  credits  renew with  each model  year, B20 use  in  future years  could potentially reduce the number of AFV’s the Commonwealth would need to purchase. 

8.1.3. Federal Renewable Fuels Standards The Federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT 2005) directed the EPA to regulate a certain percentage of  the nation’s  transportation  fuel  as  “renewable  fuel”  (i.e.  biofuel) under  the Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS).  EPACT 2005 did not explicitly require increased volumes of biodiesel.  The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 extended the RFS requirements; in February 2010, EPA finalized its regulations for “RFS2”.   RFS2 mandates high  levels  of  renewable  fuels  gradually  introduced  from  2010  through  2022.    The  vast majority of the RFS2 mandated volumes are for cellulosic biofuels (anticipated to be mainly ethanol)  and  “other  advanced  biofuels”,  but  a  conventional  biodiesel  requirement  of  1 billion  gallons  annually  is  phased  in  through  2012.    Figure  32  shows  the  historical  and projected  RFS2  biodiesel  production.    However,  unlike  PennSecurity  and  EPACT requirements,  the RFS2 regulations do not have specific  implications  for PennDOT, other than acting as a reinforcing factor for the availability of biodiesel on the market for some time to come.  

Figure 32 ­ US Biodiesel Production, Exports, Consumption and RFS2 Mandates  Adapted from http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/data/fuels.html with addition of RFS2 mandate.   

 

 

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8.2. Life Cycle Cost and Economic Assessment 

8.2.1. Life Cycle Cost The life cycle cost (LCC) of B5 was calculated in Section 6.1 and was limited to the increase in cost of the fuel supply, determined to be approximately $0.06/gallon.  Additional factors that  might  impact  cost  such  as  increases  or  decreases  in  fuel  economy  and maintenance/repairs were determined to be negligible.  However, life cycle costs for higher biodiesel blends (B20) or pure biodiesel (B100) may be different than for B5. 

Fuel  supply  costs  are  anticipated  to  be  slightly  higher  for  B20  and  moderately  to substantially  higher  for  B100.    Figure  33  shows  the  history  of  retail  prices  for  (No.  2) Diesel,  B2/B5, B20  and B99/B100  in  the US.    From  the  supporting dataset  [67],  average prices and price differences were computed for the fuels for the time frame during which the data was available.  Results of the comparison are shown in Table 44. 

Figure 33 ­ Diesel and Biodiesel Retail Price History Adapted from http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/data/fuels.html

  

Table 44 ­ Average Retail Prices of Diesel and Biodiesel Blends 

Fuel Type  Average Price Oct 2001‐Jul 2009 

Average Price Sep 2005‐Jul 2009 

Cost Difference  vs. Diesel 

Diesel  $2.40 $3.04 ‐ B2/B5  ‐  $2.99 ‐$0.05 B20  $2.53 $3.14 +$0.10 to +$0.13 B100  ‐  $3.67 +$0.63 

 

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As previously discussed in Chapter 5, PennDOT obtained bids from vendors on 5‐24‐2007 for diesel, B2, B5 and B20.  Table 45 compares the quotes received for Diesel and B20.  The average price increase for a gallon of B20 compared to a gallon of diesel was $0.235, which is  somewhat  higher  than  the  $0.10  to  $0.13  historical  nationwide  price  difference  from Table  44.    During  this  time,  the  national  average  price  difference  was  nearly  zero,  so regional factors may have had an influence in the bid prices received.  As biodiesel becomes more  widely  available  across  the  country,  regional  price  differences  should  decrease; however,  in  the  near  future  it  is  possible  that  biodiesel  prices may  be  slightly  higher  in Pennsylvania  than  nationally,  and  that  B20 may  range  from  $0.00  to  $0.25  higher  than diesel fuel on a per‐gallon basis. 

Table 45 ­ Diesel and B20 Price per Gallon Quotes Received 5­24­2007 

County  Diesel Price  B20 Price  Increase due to B20 Adams   $       2.1054   $  2.3531   $  0.2477 Cumberland   $       2.1669   $  2.4146   $  0.2477  Dauphin   $       2.1169   $  2.3291   $  0.2122  Franklin   $       2.1389   $  2.333    $  0.1941  Lancaster   $       2.1198   $  2.3676   $  0.2478  Lebanon   $       2.1669   $  2.4146   $  0.2477  Perry   $       2.1651   N/A    N/A  York   $       2.2169   $  2.4646   $  0.2477  

 

B20 and B100 may have additional costs over the fuel/equipment life cycle due to changed fuel economy or maintenance/repair requirements.  Tasks 1a and 1b of this study focused on obtaining this type of information from the available literature and a survey of agencies having used biodiesel  in  the past.   Most  information  from both of  these sources concerns usage of B20; very little information is available about long‐term use of B100.  The reader is referred to Section 2.4 ‐ Performance, Maintenance and Operational Issues: Case Studies for a more in‐depth discussion of several previous studies of B20 and lower blends.  Results of the survey conducted under Task 1b of this project yielded no quantitative data to assign a  dollar  value  to  any  disadvantages  or  benefits  with  respect  to  life  cycle  cost  for  any biodiesel blend level.  Thus, the LCC of B20 and higher blends remains approximate due to lack of data; retail price increases are expected to comprise the great majority of overall life cycle costs. 

 

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8.2.2. Additional Economic Impacts Several scenarios were investigated to aid in estimating possible impacts to Pennsylvania’s economy  of  increased  biodiesel  usage  beyond  the  price  at  the  pump  paid  by  the Commonwealth as a consumer.  Most biodiesel in the US is made from soybean oil, so the analysis  focused  on  production  of  soybeans,  soybean  oil  and  finished  biodiesel  fuel.  Scenarios were developed for statewide usage of B20 and B100 by PennDOT as described in  Table  46.    As  noted  in  Chapter  7,  PennDOT’s  2007  diesel  fuel  usage was  13.2 million gallons; this number was used as a basis for calculations understanding that there can be significant variation from one year to the next.   The scenarios chosen are shown in Table 46.  

Table 46 ­ Production Scenarios for Biodiesel Blends for PennDOT Usage 

Production Scenario 

Blend Level Used by PennDOT 

Total Gallons of B100 Required 

Gallons of PA B100 Required(1) 

Bushels of PA Soybeans Required(2) 

Acres of PA Soybeans Required(2) 

100% In‐State Soybean and BD Production   

B20   2,640,000  2,640,000  1,706,400  41,600 (10%)(3) 

B100  13,200,000  13,200,000  8,532,000  208,000 (50%) 

National Average Soybean and BD Production 

B20   2,640,000  26,400  17,100  4,200 (1%) B100  13,200,000  132,000  85,300  20,800 

(2%) 

100% In‐State BD Production Only 

B20   2,640,000  2,640,000  17,100  4,200 B100  13,200,000  13,200,000  85,300  20,800 

(1) For  “National Average”  scenario,  the  assumption was made  that  PA production of both  soybeans  and  biodiesel  for  PennDOT  usage  would  follow  the  percentage  of national soybean harvest by state (PA represented 1% in 2007) [46]. 

(2) Typical  soybean  yield  in  bushels  per  acre  [46]  and  GREET  default  soybean oil/biodiesel yields per bushel [39] used in calculations. 

(3) Percentages  shown  are  percentages  of  Pennsylvania’s  actual  2007  acreage  of soybeans harvested [46].  

Percentages of Pennsylvania’s total soybean yield required to supply the various scenarios range  from 2%  for B20  from  the national  average distribution of  soybean production,  to 50%  for  B100  produced  solely  from  Pennsylvania  soybeans.    The  likely  impact  on  PA soybean  production  would  be  an  increase  of  somewhat  less  than  these  percentages, because the increased demand would tend to increase prices, resulting in reduced demand for  other  uses  of  soybean  oil.    Other  factors would  tend  to  partially  compensate  for  the need  to  bring  additional  land  into  agricultural  production.    For  instance,  Pennsylvania farmers planted only 0.44 acres of soybeans per acre of corn, significantly lower than the national average of 0.74 acres of soybeans per acre of corn.  Increased demand for biodiesel would  likely  lead  to some substitution of  soybean acreage  for  corn acreage,  reducing  the additional  land  requirements.    In  addition,  biotechnology  and  farming  best management 

 

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practices (BMPs) may increase soybean yields per acre if the market is strong.   While the application of complex agricultural models to predict price‐based crop production shifts is outside the scope of this project, it is likely that without strong incentives for the soybeans used  for  PennDOT’s  biodiesel  to  be  produced  in  PA,  there  will  be  little  effect  on  PA agriculture regardless of the blend level chosen. 

In‐state production of biodiesel may also be affected by PennDOT’s choice of blend level.  In 2009, the production capacity threshold of 40 million gallons was reached,  triggering the mandatory 2% biodiesel  content  level  for  all  diesel  fuel  sold  in  the Commonwealth  [68].  More than 28 million gallons of B100 will be required to achieve full compliance with this mandate  [69],  more  than  double  PennDOT’s  total  annual  consumption  of  diesel  fuel.  However, the implementation of higher blend levels by PennDOT does have the potential to increase in‐state production, making it more likely that the higher production thresholds of the PennSecurity Fuels Initiative will be met in the coming years. 

8.3. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 

8.3.1. Introduction The LCA performed for the pilot project and subsequently for statewide implementation of B5 (Tasks 5 and 6) was adapted for statewide implementation of B20 as follows: 

Soybean agriculture was assessed for both Pennsylvania soybeans and “Corn Belt” soybeans,  to  align  the  analysis  with  the  economic  scenarios  discussed  in  Section 8.2.2.   

Biodiesel transportation was assessed for soybeans, soybean oil and biodiesel also in  accordance  with  these  scenarios.    Three  transportation  schemes  were investigated: 

o Soybeans grown, oil extracted and refined into biodiesel outside PA. o Soybeans grown and oil extracted outside PA, with transport  to a PA‐based 

biodiesel refinery for processing. o Soybeans grown, oil extracted and refined into biodiesel inside PA. 

The LCA results for soybean agriculture and processing/transportation stages were scaled  in  a  linear manner  by  the  appropriate multiplier  for  the  selected  biodiesel blends. 

The emissions factors used to calculate biodiesel effects on tailpipe emissions were adjusted based on literature values [18, 70] corresponding to the selected biodiesel blends. 

8.3.2. Biodiesel: Soybean Agriculture The  comparative  effects  of  soybean  farming  in  Pennsylvania  and  Corn  Belt  states  were estimated  using  TRACI  for  the  LCIA  stage  of  the  LCA.  In  general,  Pennsylvania  soybean farming  resulted  in  reduced  environmental  impacts  compared  to  Corn  Belt  agriculture.  The higher chemical input (such as fertilizers, herbicides etc.) in Corn Belt states resulted in  a  higher  global  warming  potential  for  soybean  farming  in  Corn  Belt.    Manufacturing synthetic fertilizer is an energy‐intensive process and generates a significant amount of CO2 due to fuel combustion. The high fertilizer application rate also causes a relatively higher eutrophication potential generated from nutrient runoff and leaching in Corn Belt states. In 

 

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addition,  the herbicide  application  rate  in PA  is  slightly  lower  than  the  rate  in Corn Belt states, so environmental impacts associated with herbicides (such as human and ecological toxicity)  are  slightly  lower  than  Corn  Belt  states.    Figure  34  provides  a  comparison  of Pennsylvania and Corn Belt soybean agriculture across the TRACI impact categories, using Corn Belt agriculture as the baseline.       

Figure 34 ­ Comparison of TRACI Impacts ­ Corn Belt and PA Soybean Agriculture 

 

8.3.3. Biodiesel: Soybean Oil Extraction, Processing, Blending and Transportation 

Transportation distances were calculated for the selected production scenarios described in Section 8.3.1.  Calculated distances are shown in Table 47.  For the scenario considering out‐of‐state  soybean  production  and  in‐state  biodiesel  production,  the  sum  the  of “Transportation  1”  and  “Transportation  2”  stages was  kept  equal  to  account  for  the  fact that most  soybean production  in  the US occurs  in  the Corn Belt.    This was  equivalent  to simply  “picking  up  and moving”  the  biodiesel  refinery  from  an  average  location west  of Pennsylvania  to  a  location  inside  of  Pennsylvania;  resulting  in  a  longer  transportation distance  for  the  soybeans  and  a  much  shorter  distance  for  the  biodiesel.    This  has  a negative  effect  on  the  LCA  because  a  greater  mass  of  soybeans  is  transported  than  of biodiesel and hence the overall “ton‐miles” are greater.  However, when compared with the impacts of the overall stage including soybean oil extraction and transesterification, which did  not  change  based  upon  location,  the  results  of  the  transportation  distances  are  still small.    Figure  35  presents  the  comparison  of  the  scenarios  across  the  TRACI  impact categories,  using  Corn  Belt  agriculture  and  out‐of‐state  biodiesel  production  as  the baseline.        

 

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Table 47 ­ Transportation Distances for Selected Biodiesel Production Scenarios 

Scenario (Distances in Miles) 

Transport 1: Soybeans to Refinery 

Transport 2: Biodiesel to Distribution Facility 

Transport 3: Biodiesel Blend to PennDOT tanks  

National  Average  Soybean and Biodiesel Production 

450  220  50 

National  Average  Soybean Production  with  PA Biodiesel Production 

620  50  50 

PA  Soybean  and  Biodiesel Production 

150  50  50 

 

Figure 35­ Comparison of TRACI Impacts for Biodiesel Production and Transportation Scenarios 

 

8.3.4. Petroleum Diesel: Extraction, Refining and Transportation The Petroleum Diesel “well‐to‐pump” portion of the LCA remained the same as in previous tasks  except  it  was  scaled  by  the  appropriate  percentage  of  ULSD  used  in  the  selected biodiesel blends. 

 

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8.3.5. Vehicle Operation and Emissions Emissions  factors  for  B20 were  obtained  from EPA  [18,  70]  as  presented  in  Table  31  in Chapter 5.  For this task, the original EPA factors for B100 were added to the analysis since the revised study did not include an assessment of B100.  The emissions factors including B100 are shown in Table 48. 

Table 48 ­ Biodiesel Emissions Factors Including B100 

Pollutant  B20 – Original Study (2002) 

B20 – Updated Study (2009) 

B5*  B100 – Original Study (2002) 

NOx  +2.0%  +2.2% +0.5% +10% PM  ‐10.1%  ‐15.6% ‐3.9% ‐48% HC  ‐21.1%  ‐14.1% ‐3.5% ‐67% CO  ‐11.0%  ‐13.8% ‐2.8% ‐48% 

      *Linear interpolation from zero to updated B20 factors. 

8.4.  Results and Discussion Figure 36 shows the results of the comparative LCIA for the various biodiesel blends and the  ULSD  baseline  across  the  TRACI  impact  categories.    Error  bars  in  Figure  36  are  a combination of the variability in regional tailpipe emissions factors discussed in Chapter 7 (see Figure 31) and variability in the agricultural emissions due to regional differences in agricultural practices. 

For  the Global Warming  category,  use  of  biodiesel  blends  results  in  a  decrease  in  global warming potential of approximately 50% of the percentage of biodiesel in the blend (10% for B20, and 50% for B100).   

Impacts  in all other categories are dominated by the  interaction of the tailpipe emissions factors  for biodiesel  blends with  the  impacts  associated with  the  agriculture  required  to produce the biodiesel  feedstock.   Generally,  the agriculture required to produce biodiesel from soybeans is more energy‐ and emissions‐ intensive than the process of extracting and refining  the  same  amount  of  petroleum.    For  the  acidification  and  respiratory  effects categories, results are approximately the same for ULSD, B5 and B20 but higher for B100.  This  is  because  the  reduction  in  tailpipe  emissions  associated with  the  biodiesel  blends more  or  less  cancels  out  the  increased  emissions  associated  with  agriculture.    For  the human health carcinogens and eutrophication categories,  the  impact  is dominated by  the agricultural  stage  and  increases  roughly  proportionately  to  the  biodiesel  content.    Smog impact  also  increases  roughly  proportionately  to  biodiesel  content,  but  it  is  driven primarily  by  the  increased  NOx  emissions  for  biodiesel  and  to  a  lesser  degree  by agricultural  NOx  emissions.    In  the  acidification  and  human  health  respiratory  effects categories,  a  complex  interaction  of  tailpipe  emissions  differences  and  agricultural emissions increases result in very little change in impacts for lower biodiesel blends, with a marked increase for B100.  In the human health non‐carcinogens and ecotoxicity categories (where  similar  substances  are  involved),  the  decrease  at  lower  blends  and  increase  for B100 is explained by the relatively similar impacts of ULSD and B100 production scenarios, and are unaffected by tailpipe emissions.  Finally, it was noted that the lower fertilizer and 

 

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herbicide usage for Pennsylvania soybeans (as indicated by the low end of the error bars in Figure  36)  could  potentially  offset  some  of  the  otherwise  increased  impacts  due  to agricultural production.   However,  this  result may not stay  the same  if  large  increases  in soybean  production  due  to  increased  biodiesel  demand  occur  in  Pennsylvania.    If  more marginal  land  is  put  into  agricultural  production,  fertilizer  and  herbicide  requirements could increase. 

Figure 36 – LCIA Results for ULSD, B5, B20 and B100 

 

  

 

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34.  Transit Cooperative Research Program Synthesis 72: Use of Biodiesel in a Transit Fleet; Transportation Research Board: 2007. 35.  ISO Environmental management ­­ Life cycle assessment ­­ Requirements and guidelines; 14044:2006; International Organization for Standardization: Switzerland, 2006. 36.  Vigon, B. W.; Tolle, D. A.; Cornaby, B. W.; Latham, H. C.; Harrison, C. L.; Boguski, T. L.; Hunt, R. G.; Sellers, J. D. Life­Cycle Assessment: Inventory Guidelines and Principles; EPA/600/R‐92/036; US Environmental Protection Agency, Battelle and Franklin Associates Ltd.: Cincinnati, 1992. 37.  Fava, J. A.; Denison, R.; Jones, B.; Curran, M. A.; Vignon, B.; Selke, S.; Barnum, J., A Technical Framework for Life­Cycle Assessment. SETAC and SETAC Foundation for Environmental Education, Inc: Washington, DC, 1991. 38.  UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Approaches: The road from analysis to practice; UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative: Paris, 2005; p 89. 39.  ANL The greenhouse gases, regulated emissions, and energy use in transportation (GREET) model.  , 1.6; Argonne National Laboratory: Argonne, Illinois, 2006. 40.  NREL U.S. LCI Database Project ­ User's Guide; NREL/BK‐35854; 2004. 41.  center, E. Ecoinvent database website. http://www.ecoinvent.ch/  42.  Landis, A. E.; Miller, S. A.; Theis, T. L., Life Cycle of the Corn鈭扴oybean Agroecosystem for Biobased Production. Environmental Science & Technology 2007, 41, (4), 1457‐1464. 43.  Miller, S. A.; Landis, A. E.; Theis, T. L., Use of Monte Carlo Analysis to Characterize Nitrogen Fluxes in Agroecosystems. Environmental Science & Technology 2006, 40, (7), 2324‐2332. 44.  Miller, S. A.; Landis, A. E.; Theis, T. L., Feature: Environmental Trade‐offs of Biobased Production. Environmental Science & Technology 2007, 41, (15), 5176‐5182. 45.  USDA, Oil crops yearbook. 2008. 46.  USDA Soybean statistics. http://www.ers.usda.gov/News/SoyBeanCoverage.htm  47.  USDA US fertilizer use. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Data/FertilizerUse/  48.  University, P. s. Agronomy Guide, soybean herbicide sheet. http://agguide.agronomy.psu.edu/pm/sec4/table2‐4‐11.cfm  49.  Dominguez‐Faus, R.; Powers, S. E.; Burken, J. G.; Alvarez, P. J., The Water Footprint of Biofuels: A Drink or Drive Issue? Environmental Science & Technology 2009, 43, (9), 3005‐3010. 50.  USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service, irrigation page. 2009. 51.  service, N. s. a. i. energy calculator for tillage practice. http://attra.ncat.org/energy_calculators.html  52.  University, c. s. Fuel requirements for crop production. http://www.ext.colostate.edu/PUBS/FARMMGT/05006.html  53.  USDA Manure use for fertilizer and for energy: report to congress. http://www.ers.usda.gov/Publications/AP/AP037/  54.  Landis, A. E.; Miller, S. A.; Theis, T. L., Life cycle of the corn‐soybean agroecosystem for biobased production. Environmental Science and Technology 2007, 41, (4), 1457‐1464. 55.  Miller, S. A.; Landis, A. E.; Theis, T. L., Use of Monte Carlo analysis to characterize nitrogen fluxes in agroecosystems. Environmental Science and Technology 2006, 40, (7), 2324‐2332. 

 

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56.  USEPA Update of Heavy­Duty Emission Levels (Model Years 1988­2004+) for use in MOBILE6; EPA420‐R‐99‐010; 1999. 57.  USEPA Update Heavy­Duty Engine Emission Conversion Factors for MOBILE6: Analysis of BSFCs and Calculation of Heavy­Duty Engine Emission Conversion Factors; EPA420‐R‐02‐005; 2002. 58.  USEPA Exhaust and Crankcase Emission Factors for Nonroad Engine Modeling­­Compression­Ignition; EPA420‐P‐04‐009; 2004. 59.  Notarnicola, B.; Huppes, G.; van den Berg, N. W., Evaluating Options in LCA: The Emergence of Conflicting Paradigms for Impact Assessment and Evaluation. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 1998, 3, (5), 289‐300. 60.  Goedkoop, M. The EcoIndicator 95; Final Report, NOH Report 9523; Pre consultants: Amersfoort, The Netherlands, 1995. 61.  Wall, C. A. In Life Cycle Analysis of Renewable Feedstsock­Based Processes, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, San Francisco, 2003; San Francisco, 2003. 62.  Bare, J. C.; Norris, G. A.; Pennington, D. W.; McKone, T., TRACI: The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Other Environmental Impacts. Journal of Industrial Ecology 2002, 6, (3‐4), 49‐78. 63.  USDA Oil crops yearbook. http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/MannUsda/viewDocumentInfo.do?documentID=1290  64.  EIA Short‐term energy outlook. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/steo/pub/contents.html  65.  USEPA MOVES (Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator). http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/moves/index.htm  66.  USEPA Development of Emission Rates for Heavy­Duty Vehicles in the Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (Draft MOVES 2009): Draft Report; EPA420‐P‐09‐005; 2009. 67.  USDOE Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicles Data Center. http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/ (February 20, 2010),  68.  Wolff, D. C. Act 78 of 2008 – The Biofuel Development and In­State Production Incentive Act – Report to the General Assembly: 2% Biodiesel Infrastructure Certification; 2009. 69.  EIA, Adjusted Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil by End Use. In US Department of Energy, E. I. A., Ed. 2009. 70.  USEPA Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis: Changes to Renewable Fuel Standard Program; EPA‐420‐D‐09‐001; 2009.   

   

 

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Appendix 1: Survey Results (Task 2)  

Date 8/10             Organization Surveyed Alcoa, Davenport Works Biodiesel Blend B20 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: Used the same tanks, did not flush  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: All they did was change the filters after a few weeks  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed):  They wanted to use a 100% soybean blend because of problems from other Alcoa plants using an animal based blend. It has been very effective for them and they’ve been burning just B20 for about 6 years now. 

Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  No noticeable change  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: The was less vibration and the fuel injectors were cleaner 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Gelling was not a concern for them even though they’re in a cold climate and have outdoor tanks  Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: Yes 

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel? Yes, they measured the air quality before and after implementation 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx       NOx    CO2   Particulate Matter 80% decrease in pm ­ others didn’t show up in tests Any others 

Dr. Susan Leuthauser 563­459­2459 has more detailed information of emission studies  

 

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 Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): No, he went to the manufactures before implementation with the new specifications and didn’t have any problems and now after 6 years of burning nothing but B20, it’s in the specifications automatically when they buy new equipment  Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): Changed filters after a few weeks The Perkins engine had fuel injector problem with the seal was softening from product, the manufacturer advised cutting back to B5 which wasn’t an option, so they don’t use Perkins anymore.  

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: No change  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? There was some bacteria growth on biodiesel stored in a backup generator tank that wasn’t used in over a year. 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel?  Initially, the cost was about the same but now tend to interchange back and forth. However, they wouldn’t mind a higher cost because they feel that the benefits have outweighed cost. There are 100 engines running at the same time in an enclosed building 80 feet tall; they had blue haze with petroleum diesel which cleared with biodiesel. Also, there’s no diesel smell.   

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add:  

There was the same btu level, a much higher lubricity that cut down on noise and vibrations 

Altered a John Deer wheel loader only using biodiesel then sent it back to John Deer for further studies so they might have more specific data, so John Deer might have lots of data on that Rick Palmtag (?) corporate manager at john deer 309­765­1819 or try 1­ 800­ 532­ 2123would point in right direction to someone with more data 

250, 000 gallons burned each year  

Any further questions call 563‐459‐2625  

 

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Date Aug 12 2008              Organization Surveyed Lambert St Louis International Airport 

Biodiesel Blend B­20                 Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching? Yes ­ same tanks, no flushing.  Tanks were less than 2 years old  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching? No  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed)? Mixing type unknown, done by supplier  Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible)?  Due to nature of use, non logged  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration? None 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): The same additives were used for B­20 as were used for #2 Diesel    Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: No 

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel:  No 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: Sox    NOx    CO2    Particulate Matter  Any others  The garage that the equipment is parked in did not smell as bad when units were being started up. 

   Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): Very little warranty work was needed and no complaints from 

 

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warranty service personnel  Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): Increased  oil change intervals 

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: Only on 3 older units out of over 200 diesel units  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? No 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: No 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: I will attach a copy of our alternate fuel program here at Lambert for your review [Document follows on next page] 

   

 

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LAMBERT­ST. LOUIS ALTERNATIVE FUELS PROGRAM 

1987­1988   

The St. Louis Airport Authority implements an experimental program using bio‐diesel to fuel 20 vehicles.  Various mix ratios 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% are tried.  Eventually, 20% is determined to be the best mix for Airport vehicles.  Bio‐Diesel is used for approximately 175 vehicles in the Airport fleet, from this point on, based on the availability and cost. 

1989     

The St. Louis Airport Authority teams with the St. Louis East‐West Gateway Coordinating Counsel and the U.S. Department of Energy, to sponsor the first Clean Cities Conference held in St. Louis.  The Airport provides three (3) pieces of diesel equipment powered by bio‐diesel for display at the conference.  The conference also serves as the beginning for the process of establishing a St. Louis Regional Clean Cities Program. 

1994     

The City of St. Louis becomes a signatory to a memorandum of understanding with the U.S. Department of Energy, agreeing to participate in the U.S. Clean Cities Program, promoting the use of alternative fuels. 

1995     

The City of St. Louis formally implements the use of bio‐diesel and ethanol fuels in several departments.  The Airport Authority elects to use bio‐diesel at a 20% blend to fuel all diesel powered equipment in its fleet. (Over 200 units) 

1996     

The Airport Authority places the construction of a Compressed Natural Gas fueling facility in its Capital Improvements Program with the intent of gradually converting through a replacement program, a majority of its unleaded fleet to CNG fuel. 

1999     

The Airport Authority purchases its first CNG/gasoline (bi‐fuel) vehicle. 

2000     

The Airport Authority completes construction of the CNG fueling station.  Ten airport parking shuttles and five (5) bi‐fuel pickups are purchased the first year. 

2002­2003   

The Airport Authority continues its progress by designing a second CNG fueling station to be constructed in a new long term parking facility.  Construction of this facility is to be completed by the 2003 calendar year.  In this facility, we have also programmed for future 

 

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construction a third CNG station that will be opened to the public.  An additional five CNG fueled parking shuttles and seven CNG fueled maintenance vehicles are purchased in 2003. 

2003­2004   

The second CNG fueling station is in full operation at Super Park.  All twenty‐nine airport shuttles and additional miscellaneous support vehicles from Super Park use CNG. All airport owned diesel vehicles and equipment are using B‐20 bio‐diesel  

2004­2005            

An additional 8 dedicated CNG shuttle busses are added to the parking fleet. The savings in fuel since converting has been tremendous. The Airport Authority has added four (4) dedicated CNG vehicles, and purchased one (1) hybrid‐electric pickup truck for it’s fleet. 

2005­2006   

During this fiscal year, the following alternate fuel vehicles are received and placed into service:  

Dual Fuel   Gasoline //CNG 

Chevrolet 24 foot box truck 

Chevrolet Tahoe  

4   ¾ T Pickup Trucks   

5   Trailblazers  

Dual Fuel  Bio­diesel / CNG 

Small Dump Truck  

Large Triple Gang Flail Mower 

 4 ARFF (Aircraft Rescue Fire Fighting) units, using B‐20 

Dedicated CNG 

The airport parking system is replacing 17 dedicated busses with aftermarket conversion units. They will be converted at the airport to use only CNG. After their useful life they will be converted back to gasoline for auction. The airport will keep all reusable components to place on newly purchased replacement units. The parking system operations department has elected to remain on dedicated units as they have proven themselves cost effective in regards to operational and maintenance costs.  

2006­2007 

Airport Parking now has a complete alternate fueled fleet, using Gasoline/CNG, or bio‐diesel. Longer engine life and reduced engine wear are some of the benefits recognized. The 

 

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major benefit thus far has been reduced fueling cost now that gasoline is hovering around 2.25 per gallon vs. less than 1.00 per gallon for equivalent amount of CNG. 

This year for the Airport Authority, we are purchasing 3 duel fuel vans, 6 duel fuel pickups, a new Fire Chief’s vehicle that will also be a combination fuel vehicle. 

Oshkosh will supply us a CFR apparatus that will be fueling on bio‐diesel, as well as the purchase of an additional small dump truck. 

The Airport again participated in numerous alternate fuel demonstrations by supplying vehicles and technicians to assist the St Louis Clean Cities Program, in educating the general public as well as select groups. 

The price of gasoline hit an all time high this fiscal year, St Louis area casts hovered around $3.00 per gallon before dropping back to an average of $2.60. It has been well worth the effort to convert our vehicles to dual fuel and spend an average of less the $1.00 per gallon for compressed natural gas. 

2007­2008   

The airport parking services, Super Park, is now ordering converted shuttle busses, the benefit being a higher resale value upon retirement, and reuse of tanks and other major components for the new unit being placed into service. As of September we are still receiving vehicles that were ordered during the last physical year, and converting gasoline units to dual fuel where applicable. This year we are planning on replacing 5 older diesel units that will be operating on B‐20. Beside Federal requirements for cleaner diesel exhaust, the use of B‐20 will result in exhaust that index well below the Federal allowable maximum levels. In addition we will be replacing 9 gasoline vehicles with dual fuel, (Compressed natural gas / gasoline) vehicles. Operators of dual fuel vehicles have been asked to maintain a full CNG tank whenever they are in the fueling area as the cost for CNG is approximately $1.50 less than gasoline per gallon equivalent. We are finding that in most of our converted gasoline units fuel mileage is 95 to 100 % of what the vehicle is obtaining on gasoline. We have placed into service the CNG fueling station obtained from Scott Air Force Base last year for supplemental storage and pumping capacities as the CNG use has escalated due to additional vehicles.  In addition we have been assisting Clean Cities with programs and demos as requested. At present the airports fleet consists of  150 large diesel units and approximately 50+ smaller units consisting of generators, light units and miscellaneous small equipment. 

  

   

 

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Date  08/12/08             Organization Surveyed     City of Santa Monica Biodiesel Blend  B50  Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: They have one 10,000 gal UST and one 2,000 gal AST  tanks. The UST tank was two years old and clean, so nothing done.  The AST was dirty and needed cleaning therefore was cleaned prior to adding biodiesel.  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: They only thing different was visually inspecting tanks.   Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed): It wasn’t specified beforehand, but they use splash mixing and it is effective for them.   Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  No change  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: Not with most equipment; however, the  off­road John Deere seems to have power loss. 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Did not think cold would be a factor in southern California; however, fuel purchased earlier this year was high in animal fat and they had gelling  problems (plugged filters).   Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: Yes 

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: Yes 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: Sox  reduced with B20 and B99   

NOx  no change in B20 and increased to 9% above ULSD levels with B99   

CO2  reduced with B20 and B99   

 

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Particulate Matter   reduced with B20 and B99   Any others:  

 Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): They had warranty denied until involving the regional service manager.  In one case the problem was not even fuel related.  In another, the manufacturer paid the claim after they proved the fuel was high quality.   Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): No 

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: Yes, they have had to replace filters more frequently.   Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? No  

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel:  Fuel cost is the same because of the Federal blender’s fuel tax credit. No side­by­side comparisons were done with ULSD.  

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: Feedstock seems to be a very important factor for several reasons.  Animal fat gels at higher temps.  Soy has a better cloud point, but the cost is more volatile because of the commodities markets.  Reclaimed cooking oil is cheaper and may have better emissions, but has limited supply.  Palm oil may have better emissions, but is typically not produced sustainably (tropical forests cut down to plant palms and then shipped by tanker.)  

 

   

 

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Date       8/14      Organization Surveyed   Glacier National Park Biodiesel Blend B20 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching:  They used the same tanks as before and had them flushed before switching  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: No  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed): They use splash mixing and it is working well for them   Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  no change  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: No change except for decreased power, torque, and acceleration in cold weather 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Yes, all the bio products do gel up at colder temps, about 10 degrees. Some of their equipment has heaters but not all. Additives have caused them some major problems, as in destroying the glue that holds the fuel filters together, thus clogging the injectors which cost $2500.00 to replace. They also had to buy one new engine at the cost of $8,000.00 for the problems they have had  Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: no emissions tests at all   If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: no  

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx       NOx    CO2   Particulate Matter  Any others 

There weren’t any actual tests done on emissions and they didn’t notice a visual change or even a different odor.     Maintenance: 

 

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Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): Using biodiesel voided the warranty on the engine and fuel system    Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): The intervals between changing fuel filters increased 

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: Yes, they have to change the filters more often and sometimes have the vehicle park inside a heated shop overnight so that it will start up the next morning. They also have had to run portable heaters outside to heat up the engine and fuel tank to get the vehicle running. 

 Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? no 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: He didn’t have any numbers available but he does know that the biodiesel costs the park a lot more than pure diesel 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add:  

The biodiesel seemed to work ok in the summer months where they are in northwest Montana. He would not recommend using it in the winter, at least not with B­20. They have noticed that some of the steel fuel tanks have some rust issues that clog the filters over time and in his opinion biodiesel costs more and causes more problems than biodiesel and that the problems outweigh the benefits.     

 

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Date  8/13/08             Organization Surveyed  Atlantic County Utilities Authority (ACUA) Biodiesel Blend  B5 and B20 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: They used the same takes but without any flushing  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: No, they tested a few trucks first and then considered it safe to use  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed):  Only splash blending is available in their area and it isn’t the best for them  Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  No  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: No 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Yes, they have had occasions where gelling was a problem. They switched to B5 to get through the winter then go back to B20.   Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch:  

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx       NOx    CO2   Particulate Matter  Any others 

Testing was conducted by Rowan University   Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): They had one Ford engine that failed and warrantee work was rejected 

 

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 Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc):  

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: The fuel works well if you do scheduled maintenance of fuel and pump filters. Newer trucks seem to be less accepting of any fuel gelling or poor processing issues.   Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? No, they use 8500 gallons a week, so nothing stays in storage for very long 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: No official comparison, but biodiesel usually isn’t as expensive for them 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add:  

They changed to biodiesel for one reason – to keep with their mission as an environmental leader. It at times has caused them problems, but biodiesel meets the goals of their organization.  

   

 

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Date  8/19/2008             Organization Surveyed Unita Brewing Company Biodiesel Blend  unknown 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: We do not store fuel on premise.  We did not flush our fuel tank on the truck  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: no  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed): no  Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  no  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: no  

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Cold weather, yes.  No special additives, etc  Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: no 

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: no 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx  no     NOx    no   CO2   no   Particulate Matter no Any others 

   Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): no  Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): no 

 

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Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: no  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? no 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: no 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: They only have one delivery truck that they use for out of state sales and they haven’t looked into it at all.  

 

   

 

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Date  8/21/08             Organization Surveyed  Bartholomew County Indiana  Biodiesel Blend  B20 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: Same tanks, no flushing  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: no  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed):  no   Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  they don’t track mpg  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration:  no 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): yes, the dealer added additives, they had no problems  Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch:  no  

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx no        NOx  no    CO2 no  Particulate Matter no  Any others 

   Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): They found out later that it would affect the warranty but didn’t have any claims  Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): no 

 

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Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: no  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? no 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: no 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: They are no longer using biodiesel.  The cost incentives ran out and it became cost prohibitive  

   

 

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Date  8/25/08             Organization Surveyed   Missouri Department of Transportation Biodiesel Blend  B20 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: Yes, we used the same tanks that we had been storing diesel.  We didn’t flush any takes initially –  if we experienced filter plugging issues, then we cleaned the tank.   Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: Nothing different other than stocking up on fuel filters.  When you switch from regular #2 diesel to biodiesel, you can expect to use more filters than normal.  The biodiesel acts as a solvent and actually cleans the “gunk” out which causes the filters to fill up.   Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed): We required that the vendors splash blend.  (mix the bio with the diesel prior to delivery . . the two fuels blend while the truck is being driven)   Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  Nothing noticeable   Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: Nothing noticeable 

 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Yes.  Because of the Missouri winters, we have a policy to use winter blend diesel from November 1 through March 31 of each year.  We tried to continue biodiesel usage throughout the winter but experienced cold filter plugging issues.   Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: No 

 

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If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx       NOx    CO2   Particulate Matter  Any others 

 Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): No.  When you really dig into warranties, you will find that no manufacturer will warrant a product that fails due to fuel issues.  We also inserted a statement in all of our fleet contracts indicating that we use biodiesel (B20 blend) April through October of each year and by submitting pricing, they are acknowledging that they are aware that we use biodiesel and will continue to offer their standard warranty coverage.  Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): Used more fuel filters initially 

 

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: filters clogged initially but once we ran a few tanks of bio through the unit, we were fine.  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? We tend to use our fuel quickly in the majority of our fleet.  We do have our field employees drain out the biodiesel from our tractors and other various units that are stored outdoors and may be needed during the colder months.   

 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: MoDOT is unique in that we are mandated by state legislation ­­ 75% of all diesel consumed must be Biodiesel  (B20 Blend).  We haven’t been able to reach the 75% due to pulling off during the winter months.  Legislation requires our agency to acquire B20 if the price differential is .25 or less.   

 

While we haven’t done a study to determine if biodiesel was more cost efficient than pure diesel, we regularly monitor the price difference between regular diesel and biodiesel.  On average, we pay .10 ­ .15 more per gallon for B20. 

 

  127

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two:   

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: No 

   

 

  128

Date  8/20/08           Organization Surveyed City of Flagstaff Biodiesel Blend  B20 and B5 

Pre­implementation: Did you use the same tanks as you used for prior Diesel storage, and if so did you have them flushed prior to switching: Yes, same tanks. Did not flush them because the ASTs were installed in 1997  Did you do anything different to prepare the equipment the fuel was being used in such as flushing engines and fuel lines prior to switching: No – began with B20 in October 2003and have since are fueling all of their city vehicles with B20  Did you specify the type of mixing you preferred to have for the biodiesel, if so what type was it and has it been effective (thoroughly evenly mixed): Yes, required 100% soybean delivered from Phoenix (140 miles away) mixed during transport  Implementation and Usage: 

Performance: Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with regard to Miles per Gallon (numbers if possible):  none  Did you have a noticeable increase or decrease with power/torque/acceleration: no difference 

Are you in a climate where cold weather performance was a major concern and if so did you have any problems with gelling or take any steps to avoid possible problems (additives, fuel line heaters, equipment or fuel storage methods): Yes – used winter #1 with Arctic Express additives October 2003 – October 2006   Emissions: Did you have a baseline done on the emissions of the equipment prior to the biodiesel switch: Yes 

If so, did you do similar testing on the vehicles after the switch to biodiesel: Yes 

Did you notice a reduction, increase, or no change in any of the following categories: SOx    no change     NOx  increased 28%    CO2 decreased 17%   Particulate Matter decreased 22% Any others  decreased hydrocarbons 27% 

   Maintenance: Did the use of Biodiesel have any effect on warranties offered by the equipments manufacturers (If so what): none – we felt benefits worth risk 

 

  129

 Did you change any of your current equipment maintenance procedures or introduce any new ones (increased or decreased fuel changes, tunes ups etc): yes – we changed dispenser filters weekly then monthly 

Did you notice any increase in unscheduled maintenance such as fuel line clogging or more frequent breakdowns and if so what were they and were they attributable to the fuel change: no – began B20 in October 2003 since first load was B20 – added to existing 100% diesel – gradual to full B20 blend  Did you have any problems with fuel stability due to length of storage? No – we turn our filter over quickly  ­ do remove water once a year 

 Economics: Was there any comparison done to determine if the use of the biodiesel was more cost efficient than the pure diesel: yes – initially $0.18 higher 

If so, when was it done and what were the units used for comparison between the two: done October 2006  

Conclusion: Are there any other comments, insights, or recommendations regarding biodiesel that was not addressed in the questions above that you would like to add: If you are interested in using biodiesel: (1) make sure supplier is BQ9000 certified (2) should use soybean or rapeseed in cold climate (3) make sure sample is taken and results kept on file for every load. We did experience gelling with B20 after October 2006 with ULSD diesel – found out no winter blend #1 available – kerosene not 15 ppm – so October 1 through April 20th we used B5 until kerosene 15 ppm and winter blend was avilable 

 

 

   

 

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Appendix 2: Life Cycle Inventory Results (Task 5)  

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 253.756797 x 3.130028524 8.582840796 2.409942473 30.07617438 36.3457193 0.050921305 0.009760684

2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw ug 18.30732634 x 0.013460773 0.032548226 0.014616931 0.207842255 0.274371121 0.001110291 6.84793E-05

3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 141.2218407 x 4.738243463 7.537128565 10.10160168 18.64947002 11.69331931 0.104740954 0.055856463

4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg 21.30634176 x 0.616667079 1.708845355 0.472179251 6.267361887 6.93506852 0.005037401 0.001766652

5 Borax, in ground Raw ug 2.005545207 x 0.004393245 0.007635529 0.00403644 0.050434069 0.029760398 0.000148147 5.73938E-05

6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw ug 248.1101645 x 0.204868626 0.551131483 0.236483034 7.596082489 4.057267356 0.176762215 0.000928127

7 Calcite, in ground Raw g 13.87207637 x 0.078679016 0.190506014 0.074753654 4.767228643 0.840772142 0.002766662 0.000578988

8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw kg 1.429871871 1.3695 4.51131E-05 9.69908E-05 3.52721E-05 0.000698049 0.000373432 2.52052E-07 4.05728E-07

9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg 5.464717019 x 0.001542995 0.002371681 0.002682109 5.30509223 0.013293197 6.30055E-05 1.07196E-05

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.31084E-08 x -1.14256E-10 -2.55212E-10 -1.78898E-10 -9.51743E-10 -8.22708E-09 -3.4275E-12 -2.02382E-12

11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 183.1460705 x 2.056595233 5.703249096 1.537097067 18.87178993 22.34537163 0.003534454 0.006058564

12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw ug 7.788868468 x 0.048457818 0.120868149 0.048205236 2.009577172 2.135885947 0.001439384 0.007763237

13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw ng 753.9249503 x 4.577384528 11.44101896 4.530111132 185.7116199 197.6819837 0.127235643 0.720503384

14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg 201.9927388 x 1.710194774 4.114255195 1.833457398 14.60807624 15.46122538 0.042372127 0.00867085

15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g 4.656626122 x 0.108472282 0.298840591 0.084061141 0.986707799 1.171133803 0.000813935 0.000355302

16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g 16.0244507 x 0.239221916 0.317096012 0.19168856 2.82594123 1.152440093 0.001666868 0.004095401

17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g 23.94106024 x 0.230370992 0.431821627 0.192213905 3.141077303 1.680745251 0.003345583 0.002589708

18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng 532.7033401 x 1.330319457 3.153018027 1.731371024 27.52041216 26.94843339 0.667737365 0.014081378

19 Colemanite, in ground Raw ug 806.8314348 x 16.97015027 46.93528515 12.56425362 152.9581347 182.5574531 0.116472655 0.074681791

20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.00408659 x 0.204126275 0.56203074 0.152327588 1.831713568 2.196555567 0.000852155 0.001027789

21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 82.72247776 x 1.121255077 3.086685884 0.836765106 10.06109901 12.06398628 0.004651014 0.005671516

22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 21.94331927 x 0.29742893 0.818787535 0.221963901 2.668850271 3.200144711 0.001233748 0.001504451

23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 109.2375392 x 1.491694216 4.107346279 1.113068267 13.38463736 16.0522796 0.006227875 0.007503726

24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng 68.93376843 x 0.064953043 0.147264481 0.066429879 1.74606973 1.103830757 0.065497791 0.000553362

25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg 33.93968596 x 0.275163745 0.713506888 0.242085598 3.175854848 2.834344609 0.004805921 0.000964475

26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ 21.19969113 20.452 0.000470943 0.001043536 0.000367755 0.008054792 0.00404189 2.63337E-06 3.92918E-06

27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J 378.8576591 x 0.106972656 0.164423814 0.185945131 367.7911987 0.921590252 0.004368042 0.000743165

28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ 8.041183054 x 0.098122664 0.128135823 0.079263858 1.154286979 0.464476618 0.00072146 0.001680672

29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ 343.087256 x 0.876288938 1.379903849 0.774613427 9.828921895 5.25873013 0.016195777 0.010944886

30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J 207.4444973 x 1.399322921 1.83939023 1.126823089 16.71895366 6.798944159 0.013593157 0.024059543

31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng 112.9206246 x 1.09211341 3.000492519 0.817848399 9.813673643 11.75831012 0.003586849 0.009829246

32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.810145826 x 0.010577373 0.026108348 0.011566178 0.082820122 1.52282399 7.55126E-05 5.81324E-05

33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 2.519334774 x 4.68769E-06 1.1572E-05 5.12102E-06 2.473166052 0.000668136 3.6777E-08 2.57006E-08

34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg 54.3373821 x 0.304602205 0.737542898 0.332108093 2.337594759 43.65250056 0.002139011 0.001827765

35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -7.70738E-13 x -2.56787E-14 -7.17882E-14 -1.90607E-14 -2.30422E-13 -3.02133E-13 -1.89029E-16 -1.98689E-16

36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg 593.663816 x 3.969932759 5.218787826 3.197725711 47.42702725 19.29427754 0.038742301 0.068231116

37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm3 229.3813705 x 2.240539472 4.199175 1.870287477 30.51689392 16.30959578 0.032746676 0.025237052

38 Gas, natural, in ground Raw l 27.71213884 x 2.056384916 2.336739385 2.736872237 4.369327235 5.069392021 0.003054643 0.004005295

39 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 330.1318872 x 12.47381971 34.98492957 9.202627888 111.5996558 136.1204912 0.080870065 0.032970835

40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 605.3455118 x 22.87258752 64.15002635 16.87437507 204.6344223 249.597 0.14828719 0.060456888

41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 724.8279305 x 27.38715355 76.8118876 20.20502054 245.0249387 298.862176 0.177555951 0.072389801

42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.107082434 x 0.041830392 0.117320383 0.030860598 0.374244411 0.456473946 0.000271194 0.000110566

43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 274.3837805 x 10.36741326 29.07715769 7.64861516 92.75424683 113.1343457 0.067213846 0.027403176

44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 657.1841905 x 24.83127867 69.64350576 18.31941004 222.1582657 270.9712041 0.160985744 0.065634105

45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.017427884 x 0.038442853 0.10781946 0.028361423 0.343937082 0.419507443 0.000249232 0.000101612

46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.14725536 x 0.0433483 0.121577613 0.031980443 0.387824698 0.473038109 0.000281035 0.000114578

47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 68.74496255 x 2.597483842 7.285081181 1.916307744 23.23893638 28.34502946 0.016839965 0.006865677

48 Granite, in ground Raw pg 396.7692293 x 8.073564367 21.2538919 6.415825742 70.14053656 83.42434269 0.071802718 0.023619248

49 Gravel, in ground Raw g 91.54284517 x 0.462632562 1.050710827 0.533149048 7.009727111 41.32586661 0.110856729 0.002018746

50 Gypsum, in ground Raw ug 42.88719506 x 0.300545018 0.642641957 0.322060698 2.270437959 2.542166958 0.006045615 0.001402949

51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw ng 2.993747091 x 0.020044656 0.026349876 0.016145563 0.239459521 0.097413248 0.000195483 0.000344512

52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw ug 4.163326833 x 0.003602045 0.00942876 0.004092564 0.128846043 0.068518307 0.002947821 1.87251E-05

53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 14.82154416 x 0.114442666 0.296158432 0.101190481 1.062902161 1.187205842 0.002914024 0.000401035

54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.068367961 x 0.008401036 0.020438309 0.007413235 0.09480532 0.084394632 0.000930453 4.39791E-05

55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 39.08888909 x 0.033693166 0.079328643 0.031855244 0.605411747 0.477014782 0.01660136 0.000226653

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 1.24496E-07 x 4.77934E-10 1.13054E-09 5.3885E-10 4.32393E-09 6.05828E-08 1.82636E-11 3.62875E-12

57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 17.50147047 x 0.018071953 0.038287258 0.019891666 0.37062213 0.242558594 0.012632989 0.000423453

58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 94.5737695 x 1.589834837 4.120777356 1.395636821 14.73432718 16.56691145 0.036250099 0.005380592

59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw ug 3.238612422 x 0.048096514 0.123011488 0.036105754 0.454574798 0.476886131 0.000312183 0.000243464

60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.55670409 x 0.216427219 0.581871774 0.182724141 2.473405923 2.57093113 0.001988019 0.000761243

61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw ug 356.5517448 x 4.411268036 12.06400495 3.392423287 42.4612905 48.47770842 0.074764287 0.013908927

62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.030038084 x 0.027721203 0.076329706 0.020684931 0.248736135 0.298310812 0.000115737 0.000139447

63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 288.2272226 x 3.906752362 10.75483859 2.915513269 35.05555793 42.03415246 0.016205375 0.019761079

64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 5.427874893 x 0.074675949 0.200630557 0.063204673 0.857786827 0.88855586 0.000690222 0.000264053

65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.056153456 x 0.014315546 0.039409046 0.01068334 0.128454378 0.154026101 5.93815E-05 7.24107E-05

66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 10.95245625 x 0.150629437 0.404683705 0.127499694 1.730460152 1.792395579 0.001392482 0.000532697

67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.16347E-08 x -4.23361E-11 -9.47455E-11 -6.98241E-11 -3.45242E-10 -2.76458E-09 -1.22735E-12 -7.43099E-13

68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 4.174856793 x 0.935875607 1.33891467 1.615186362 0.02113673 0.037443955 1.54927E-05 8.33264E-06

69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 555.466328 x 5.914847375 16.21002253 4.579141678 54.88502835 64.03780362 0.027379933 0.01797193

70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a 3.896625595 3.7864 7.6926E-08 1.98043E-07 7.22908E-08 1.14126E-06 9.6307E-07 1.1767E-08 3.76018E-10

71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a 15.6372166 x 0.005711209 0.011627998 0.006731332 0.274105132 0.640057267 3.56183E-05 2.33288E-05

72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a 800.6297529 x 6.77472254 16.99897161 5.612929207 65.390315 388.5914423 0.050435881 0.037608499

73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a 12.91227928 x 0.685463656 0.928913755 1.185962189 1.950861948 1.561581583 0.006509093 0.004560922

74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a 339.2332293 x 0.898583686 2.385736927 0.75356039 9.733902564 10.69988786 0.035115164 0.004566646

75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a 145.5402108 x 0.785077681 2.056456713 0.598815154 7.549404449 8.021270532 0.00296893 0.003498834

76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a 95.03643738 x 0.026834089 0.041245711 0.046644333 92.26041597 0.231180899 0.001095723 0.000186423

77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a 153.4156738 x 2.895795519 5.242666967 5.78566709 21.11149029 10.72335257 0.072316424 0.03993057

78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a 0.116640473 x 0.006337332 0.008356154 0.010523919 0.017597626 0.015128682 5.8651E-05 3.44898E-05

79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a 12.07598472 x 0.056129807 0.155503092 0.042836906 0.568632158 0.603559906 0.000154902 0.000163228

80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a 73.2284416 x 1.722638171 4.731043514 1.352832287 16.51250901 21.87419293 0.016458324 0.005404681

81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a 581.3958713 x 1.946554583 3.93837792 2.030346049 320.8461664 113.2941637 0.04689495 0.015681243

82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a 1.573841087 x 0.037296622 0.055426089 0.06621202 0.238276236 0.128863322 0.001601495 0.000263097

83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a 63.19536794 x 0.098393988 0.25633579 0.081969222 0.953104258 55.13019386 0.002432374 0.000521921

84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a 78.56947856 x 1.174524748 2.831362044 1.352048648 20.71376303 19.07229581 0.004920201 0.005460584

85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a 86.87971 x 1.298753312 3.130832993 1.495053792 22.90464258 21.08955717 0.005440606 0.006038146

86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a 170.0764323 x 0.891702974 2.346860995 0.719278359 11.1520403 10.35218787 0.140128835 0.003976122

87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a 672.7549508 x 1.406431669 3.362577229 2.014226221 25.41797759 503.9322736 0.699968727 0.010037476

88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw cm2a 23.58402121 x 1.59707E-06 3.20811E-06 2.50262E-06 0.001122891 1.25559E-05 1.15317E-07 1.33889E-08

89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a 277.9364652 x 1.778052738 2.7067316 1.790917328 22.92309848 32.01222501 0.0844959 0.023171686

90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a 250.4407973 x 0.86071509 1.530570924 0.960379957 9.686107846 5.471817768 0.039818633 0.010424592

91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 33.89261457 x 0.520697806 1.033302605 1.44519983 3.246590363 1.897088898 0.029108416 0.010230639

92 Olivine, in ground Raw ug 8.895134736 x 0.005740871 0.014008259 0.005988976 0.084146056 0.127341591 0.000492427 2.75106E-05

93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 110.7495405 x 3.107361182 8.210368725 3.53838224 29.72837248 28.72529827 0.040136735 0.157020541

94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 266.1635234 x 7.467897637 19.7319171 8.503767286 71.44597285 69.03528726 0.096460311 0.377366282

95 Peat, in ground Raw mg 10.71293276 x 0.022985755 0.056623319 0.019951475 0.194408025 0.299404583 0.000565777 6.35802E-05

96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 10.0346554 x 1.8763E-05 4.6325E-05 2.0481E-05 9.850747187 0.002662221 1.60135E-07 1.02779E-07

97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 7.240583294 x 0.042309493 0.104433394 0.046264711 0.331280486 6.091295958 0.000302051 0.00023253

98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 2.55217E-09 x 9.1298E-12 2.17581E-11 9.94741E-12 8.3528E-11 1.17704E-09 3.50422E-13 6.06062E-14

99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 2.863189413 x 0.02586441 0.046043808 0.048503784 0.308531546 0.379066691 0.000772381 0.003637379

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 10.26411308 x 0.092720107 0.165060283 0.173878937 1.106040232 1.358898336 0.002768874 0.01303947

101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 1.1545807 x 0.015365219 0.029322617 0.039918531 0.185850649 0.039921961 0.000557797 0.003464385

102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 3.616294526 x 0.048125833 0.091842191 0.125029952 0.582108028 0.12504066 0.001747092 0.010850897

103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 1.685978283 x 0.015820271 0.031682669 0.042879756 0.764842326 0.062386746 0.001025788 0.000281283

104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.04831E-11 x -7.51647E-13 -1.50408E-12 -2.0627E-12 -4.39275E-12 -1.4237E-12 -1.72688E-14 -2.13217E-14

105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw ug 883.2375972 x 3.953888585 7.871497353 3.557607128 39.02771326 31.80860483 0.049307258 0.03649841

106 Shale, in ground Raw ug 51.82970769 x 0.038114355 0.092160693 0.04138781 0.588449493 0.776814136 0.003143331 0.00019388

107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw ug 7.34678346 x 0.275569685 0.772235059 0.203332531 2.466747469 3.004528397 0.001788245 0.000734703

108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.24111503 x 0.19657225 0.550850678 0.145043568 1.75961969 2.143187296 0.001275441 0.000524161

109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 483.8460782 x 18.14877893 50.8585402 13.3913033 162.4579579 197.8747316 0.117755483 0.048388345

110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.105046686 x 0.041449645 0.116154834 0.030584138 0.371034582 0.451922266 0.000268939 0.000110513

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.083185756 x 0.040629655 0.113856968 0.029979099 0.363694484 0.442981973 0.000263619 0.000108327

112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 714.6999076 x 26.8079683 75.12429007 19.78059439 239.9702923 292.2852111 0.173939266 0.07147551

113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw mg 647.9570977 x 3.291568 8.23535642 3.324400525 115.7071169 140.7242529 0.32723076 0.289879464

114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw ng 2.59855021 x 0.005419692 0.013413255 0.004682523 0.046502011 0.070678105 0.000152113 1.7938E-05

115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg 14.7118027 x 0.082662665 0.20285495 0.092083009 0.614412248 12.70853606 0.000548671 0.000467464

116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng 7.163705344 x 0.006750022 0.015303956 0.006903497 0.181454305 0.114711822 0.006806633 5.75062E-05

117 Sulfur, in ground Raw ug 698.9137468 x 2.801681506 7.405713774 2.283979306 26.28883017 30.71597179 0.037141347 0.011089962

118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw ug 72.22090363 x 1.89891E-05 5.17E-05 1.51877E-05 0.003841594 71.32880491 2.11707E-07 5.61386E-08

119 Talc, in ground Raw ug 100.4394658 x 1.107203223 2.80237172 0.946985975 10.69117314 10.99492165 0.013939497 0.005306456

120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.789755322 x 0.217479908 0.609546885 0.160465708 1.946559418 2.371574172 0.001410865 0.000578866

121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 786.1803555 x 29.48632893 82.62897883 21.75689774 263.9473527 321.4834516 0.191319391 0.078625479

122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 272.0235687 x 9.588616976 26.83259159 7.106399312 86.62265257 106.4454545 0.072983348 0.025720873

123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 49.70805564 x 0.182822433 0.435776929 0.199094828 1.669757619 23.54373162 0.007006145 0.001220249

124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 356.2308961 x 1.307584798 3.655214021 1.008908837 14.65653663 15.22948991 0.098058929 0.003655777

125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2 0.238917492 x 0.001677078 0.0039244 0.00131071 0.017094871 0.016257556 2.55041E-05 1.55388E-05

126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9018594 378.64 1.41789E-05 3.64994E-05 1.33302E-05 0.00021057 0.000177584 2.17414E-06 6.93593E-08

127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.030786715 x 0.000379775 0.001041383 0.000292401 0.003649239 0.004409988 6.17882E-06 1.18392E-06

128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939 x 0.01251968 0.033073521 0.010111275 0.122831871 0.134141311 0.00042479 3.98629E-05

129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.4025038 x 0.006983122 0.017770451 0.006098016 0.063631566 10.87276254 5.95285E-05 6.3008E-05

130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355 x 0.000141158 0.000332525 0.000154546 0.003738479 0.00124527 7.18823E-07 1.30175E-06

131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489 x 2.36643E-05 6.22285E-05 2.02508E-05 0.000317124 0.000493231 1.34167E-06 1.10734E-07

132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2 35.47653695 x 1.143067436 1.843716055 2.482222648 4.617845314 2.820125651 0.026838788 0.013708618

133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2 122.8104571 x 0.648170275 1.712503721 0.494047462 6.164697384 6.689051994 0.002488195 0.002755902

134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617 x 0.000958365 0.001473068 0.001665876 3.295029553 0.008256497 3.91331E-05 6.658E-06

135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2 0.443581802 x 0.010835941 0.012600997 0.013964835 0.034143264 0.029275464 3.00469E-05 3.90537E-05

136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.000700736 x 6.4933E-05 7.30354E-05 8.54877E-05 0.000131824 0.000155843 2.78764E-08 8.59678E-08

137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2 0.002582382 x 1.5007E-05 3.7009E-05 1.64449E-05 0.000117393 0.002173647 1.072E-07 8.27565E-08

138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 0.004405239 x 2.56001E-05 6.3133E-05 2.8053E-05 0.000200259 0.003707986 1.82871E-07 1.41173E-07

139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2 22.59128924 x 0.049517768 0.107871962 0.047300078 15.61339275 3.356302193 0.002373802 0.000314198

140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2 84.55773651 x 0.046356892 0.101532221 0.043645099 15.50390717 17.68048026 0.000870219 0.000256511

141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2 189.8393534 x 0.000115405 0.000297005 0.00010856 0.001715694 0.001445894 1.77411E-05 5.65224E-07

142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2 12.93035657 x 0.686143172 0.930543367 1.186671779 1.955853651 1.567443498 0.006515474 0.004563638

143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 13.94327275 x 0.023745094 0.058100603 0.019832504 0.239652302 11.03483891 0.000554205 0.000156662

144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2 3.394173617 x 0.000958365 0.001473068 0.001665876 3.295029553 0.008256497 3.91331E-05 6.658E-06

145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2 47.56853577 x 0.437136238 1.059129712 0.422010882 5.329324617 16.74671232 0.041339513 0.002137325

146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2 2.07156855 x 0.118122345 0.139090513 0.148802964 0.364441733 0.331258756 0.00015856 0.000239579

147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9208422 378.64 1.41908E-05 3.65301E-05 1.33414E-05 0.000210745 0.000177733 2.17592E-06 6.94168E-08

148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.050303529 x 0.000808643 0.002222582 0.000624573 0.007565332 0.009064404 9.65367E-06 2.58344E-06

149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2 3.529041444 x 0.05027607 0.125449999 0.041596503 0.488409191 0.481521397 0.000352254 0.000280403

150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2 12.91227928 x 0.685463656 0.928913755 1.185962189 1.950861948 1.561581583 0.006509093 0.004560922

151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939 x 0.01251968 0.033073521 0.010111275 0.122831871 0.134141311 0.00042479 3.98629E-05

152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.40251145 x 0.006983218 0.01777071 0.006098089 0.063632489 10.87276358 5.95301E-05 6.30084E-05

153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355 x 0.000141158 0.000332525 0.000154546 0.003738479 0.00124527 7.18823E-07 1.30175E-06

154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489 x 2.36643E-05 6.22285E-05 2.02508E-05 0.000317124 0.000493231 1.34167E-06 1.10734E-07

155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2 18.52009544 x 0.043995054 0.103350114 0.044153688 0.454604266 14.12816895 0.002655153 0.000207492

156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2 2.261665399 x 0.005984921 0.015889959 0.00501899 0.064835598 0.071269887 0.000234045 3.04139E-05

157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617 x 0.000958365 0.001473068 0.001665876 3.295029553 0.008256497 3.91331E-05 6.658E-06

158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2 119.28239 x 0.634972042 1.678118433 0.482999188 6.032840632 6.546435296 0.002201218 0.00269374

159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2 3.394173617 x 0.000958365 0.001473068 0.001665876 3.295029553 0.008256497 3.91331E-05 6.658E-06

160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2 1.727180552 x 0.055942047 0.091205066 0.118471316 0.225521385 0.160187605 0.00134262 0.000591052

161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2 1.97197038 x 0.029475065 0.048702072 0.031116638 0.299115922 0.163869322 0.000351505 0.00021275

162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.018077486 x 0.000679517 0.001629614 0.000709591 0.00499171 0.005862006 6.38107E-06 2.71639E-06

163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2 4.660827364 x 0.114171235 0.315764382 0.087577062 1.171726081 1.229201091 0.000340234 0.000346047

164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 1.528184288 x 0.035295948 0.096396526 0.0283323 0.351160751 0.445194443 0.000356362 0.000118391

165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2 76.36595815 x 1.150870752 2.018678547 2.407920792 21.61196999 14.22912302 0.056679898 0.013914458

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2 15.49896915 x 0.00970624 0.011136884 0.012721236 15.11132604 0.045613157 5.48728E-06 1.79391E-05

167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2 0.022155173 x 0.00052503 0.000780241 0.000932076 0.003354247 0.001814026 2.25445E-05 3.70365E-06

168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2 0.000700736 x 6.4933E-05 7.30354E-05 8.54877E-05 0.000131824 0.000155843 2.78764E-08 8.59678E-08

169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 12.62082956 x 0.019667625 0.051238725 0.016384088 0.19051904 11.00864234 0.000486379 0.000104283

170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2 0.182825133 x 0.002733029 0.006588362 0.003146113 0.048199333 0.044379765 1.14489E-05 1.27064E-05

171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2 0.200956548 x 0.003004073 0.007241753 0.003458124 0.052979436 0.048781064 1.25844E-05 1.39665E-05

172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2 1.270708625 x 0.006651519 0.017607354 0.005161302 0.069666742 0.071751895 0.000364188 2.82696E-05

173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2 8.324954062 x 0.018686277 0.044541793 0.023658882 0.191297772 6.663675545 0.001623916 0.000124354

174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2 0.749724906 x 0.0136222 0.036228325 0.010679431 0.125657908 0.144794963 0.000116906 5.63636E-05

175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2 46.97784871 x 3.18127E-06 6.39035E-06 4.98505E-06 0.002236727 2.50105E-05 2.29704E-07 2.66699E-08

176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2 7.023794813 x 0.038527757 0.078283437 0.04317454 0.560580045 2.541345555 0.006815818 0.000272374

177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2 2.948997529 x 0.009840913 0.017254289 0.010293259 0.11277952 0.062722783 0.000379873 0.000121081

178 Ulexite, in ground Raw ug 17.71444276 x 0.289476484 0.544057842 0.226073578 3.093701822 2.054968035 0.002037009 0.003353935

179 Uranium, in ground Raw mg 3.021344777 x 0.009732055 0.013196616 0.007871155 0.118371164 0.051160433 0.000151119 0.000163566

180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw ug 3.271237393 x 0.030509724 0.069561233 0.028691618 0.417670001 0.353776936 0.001379775 0.000240624

181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3 6.122266826 x 0.020017598 0.027059281 0.016184059 0.243530802 0.104108142 0.000307138 0.000337235

182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3 1.389087227 x 0.005054058 0.006815183 0.004081289 0.061257659 0.026036757 7.20703E-05 8.53222E-05

183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw m3day 2.539535745 x 0.00566681 0.007806309 0.005238756 0.057696854 0.029208558 0.000111499 7.24864E-05

184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3 21.94702638 x 0.107619303 0.193014377 0.132409271 0.716929691 0.769135481 0.002565557 0.000583297

185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 4.034436613 x 0.023905671 0.034465525 0.023590972 1.745183337 0.616536075 0.00032674 0.000419283

186 Water, lake Raw cm3 3.41722569 x 0.032077464 0.073183138 0.030135903 0.437973225 0.371341028 0.001428676 0.00025374

187 Water, river Raw l 244.8971048 x 0.005138708 0.007775307 0.004881195 0.083346087 0.160522677 8.29365E-05 8.15756E-05

188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3 147.167863 x 2.294233321 2.845471166 2.936270806 11.35314065 7.083184198 0.013131296 0.01626504

189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3 20.05196571 x 0.411359571 0.809352404 1.14616956 2.328727873 1.159545851 0.018549101 0.008073961

190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw m3 2.165613793 x 0.006812972 0.011356898 0.005761206 0.08188313 0.043288154 0.000111512 8.84373E-05

191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 3.020068325 x 0.008147137 0.029338112 0.012272518 2.556982252 0.114205745 0.000265691 4.1927E-05

192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3 282.626658 x 1.418864715 2.277554271 1.318785989 198.4903295 8.330608642 0.025861271 0.024748356

193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3 717.6112637 x 6.803047995 10.7258198 5.552356852 81.41078862 40.44367565 0.072561477 0.096889694

194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3 35.14327364 x 0.009922907 0.015252143 0.017248485 34.11673599 0.085487778 0.000405185 6.89369E-05

195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3 6.609258372 x 0.041591094 0.098230762 0.032010623 0.403547158 0.380115112 0.000165766 0.000292061

196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3 0.05291173 x 0.000146783 0.000373485 0.000142822 0.001462317 0.001584675 4.05475E-06 6.8633E-07

197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 73.85098246 x 0.977179502 2.729736865 0.73624393 9.381435965 10.77243058 0.010691954 0.002668498

198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 7.912477782 x 0.298787097 0.837940666 0.220434436 2.67327865 3.260276646 0.001937219 0.000790322

199 1-Propanol Air ng 2.689821984 x 0.01803642 0.023709496 0.014527821 0.215463164 0.087647302 0.000175759 0.000310002

200 1,4-Butanediol Air ng 1.922256508 x 0.072438761 0.20310485 0.053444899 0.648213155 0.790236334 0.000469769 0.000192074

201 2-Propanol Air ug 35.87912393 x 1.355790592 3.802582145 1.000240067 12.12978776 14.79521626 0.008789754 0.003583249

202 Acenaphthene Air pg 121.4386385 x 1.710475068 2.298689241 1.380744886 19.95148769 8.348282381 0.012241396 0.028604177

203 Acetaldehyde Air ug 173.141269 x 3.367767621 6.840878869 8.750611688 35.96742852 18.68283315 1.784513985 0.02592602

204 Acetic acid Air ug 492.9186604 x 21.36275607 33.23329589 45.8872697 127.4742261 12.82575795 0.038964305 0.099921318

205 Acetone Air ug 97.89734992 x 4.435864019 9.95694569 9.273836015 33.4927505 19.26473353 0.013048766 0.028620531

206 Acetonitrile Air ug 3.690145556 x 0.001041934 0.001601519 0.001811141 3.58235613 0.008976464 4.25456E-05 7.23857E-06

207 Acrolein Air ng 753.4392153 x 0.221549381 0.411523852 0.262248964 3.182592758 15.36453517 0.010541962 0.105739921

208 Acrylic acid Air ng 92.83125174 x 3.507546485 9.837498111 2.587711701 31.38101787 38.27605502 0.022740084 0.009271226

209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 62.03516477 x 0.254420352 0.478737286 0.200404026 2.83360644 1.870033362 0.003851763 0.00296517

210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 832.2435503 x 4.251481373 5.71131635 3.42284608 51.00401601 21.42910039 0.048939138 0.071992431

211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air ug 3.293511172 x 0.017964968 0.036080135 0.017087092 0.190118785 0.13672453 0.000390944 0.000209891

212 Aluminum Air mg 8.049647145 x 0.102497168 0.238752464 0.095175325 1.115541748 0.865766207 0.000954898 0.000549815

213 Ammonia Air mg 221.7479399 151.08 6.059586983 16.16654791 0.063381812 0.965490604 0.827516751 0.001329501 0.000412865

214 Ammonium carbonate Air ng 339.9613584 x 0.389416902 0.572369348 0.321824392 4.220295381 2.096823718 0.007797069 0.028881218

215 Antimony Air ug 8.215932155 x 0.121988216 0.33130062 0.091171878 1.127695189 1.293233352 0.000583499 0.000626037

216 Antimony-124 Air nBq 73.6193492 x 0.023323891 0.038700123 0.020628953 0.386355807 0.227862524 0.002683229 0.00032663

217 Antimony-125 Air nBq 768.279768 x 0.243404396 0.403868302 0.215280462 4.031947471 2.377936768 0.028001752 0.00340866

218 Argon-41 Air mBq 273.2801672 x 2.204995239 2.891918111 1.77558761 26.23835791 10.62072321 0.019539853 0.037929138

219 Arsenic Air ug 67.57493953 x 1.102332609 2.81108295 1.359965536 8.788945746 9.24243535 0.004251615 0.006425727

220 Arsine Air pg 1.082071085 x 0.040885097 0.114669062 0.030163205 0.365787299 0.446158075 0.000265066 0.000108068

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

221 Barium Air ug 11.07973762 x 0.120058003 0.204052427 0.096497349 3.116657999 0.79898852 0.000964744 0.001611867

222 Barium-140 Air ug 49.97545575 x 0.015833094 0.026271032 0.014003674 0.262272184 0.154681251 0.001821472 0.000221728

223 Benzal chloride Air pg 0.014691195 x 0.000189423 0.000527771 0.00014296 0.001821757 0.00208811 3.31083E-06 5.59515E-07

224 Benzaldehyde Air ng 384.8203379 x 0.058936623 0.128730331 0.091622684 1.003330544 7.69278419 0.004907552 0.054306921

225 Benzene Air ug 854.3988106 x 33.38236401 42.97141899 46.96832711 141.5191618 57.33174527 0.359556762 0.114179035

226 Benzene, ethyl- Air ug 39.75768848 x 0.696993607 1.381609745 1.923660465 4.428272152 2.585612223 0.039475731 0.013680792

227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ug 66.27807618 x 1.098816953 2.851575005 0.961769389 10.17677344 11.48292799 0.024588254 0.00368616

228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng 6.323740756 x 0.037254418 0.102394537 0.028711824 0.347271194 0.468380523 0.000334346 0.000131254

229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air ug 2.321825216 x 0.021832226 0.04244599 0.019062736 0.226122533 0.166848568 0.000298464 0.000222134

230 Beryllium Air ng 111.2581003 x 1.098191213 2.913485221 0.8728632 28.15379418 11.81834928 0.012392942 0.005029407

231 Boron Air ug 396.9093214 x 6.244183215 8.44642248 5.000143331 80.13589533 30.90664003 0.042592935 0.106549319

232 Boron trifluoride Air pg 0.008075709 x 0.000305133 0.000855798 0.000225114 0.002729942 0.003329765 1.97824E-06 8.06536E-07

233 Bromine Air ug 38.76024072 x 0.694344883 0.944853681 0.555599971 8.334839264 3.445312989 0.00462138 0.011645205

234 Butadiene Air ng 1.072004669 x 0.040007155 0.112019777 0.029741123 0.358471884 0.435379817 0.000263182 0.000133113

235 Butane Air mg 2.355229899 x 0.094443323 0.132424995 0.168406422 0.326670842 0.180118011 0.001744979 0.000661292

236 Butanol Air pg 5.958995146 x 0.22456016 0.629625038 0.165679186 2.009460737 2.449732658 0.001456285 0.00059543

237 Butene Air ug 39.12531967 x 0.698474276 1.384238589 1.932910625 4.34135496 2.552457182 0.039376328 0.013598261

238 Butyrolactone Air pg 556.266765 x 20.96248663 58.77492447 15.46600133 187.5813357 228.6803089 0.135942846 0.055582834

239 Cadmium Air ug 26.52268933 x 0.857819523 1.892014326 1.98326194 3.592819765 3.02168422 0.002411075 0.006151168

240 Calcium Air ug 173.2858231 x 3.616033783 6.458622962 6.814911038 41.21729401 10.74940213 0.016600674 0.028897162

241 Carbon-14 Air Bq 5.727329725 x 0.01735907 0.02349643 0.014040243 0.211966311 0.090906951 0.00028092 0.00029236

242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 5.127030081 x 0.040258928 0.085015301 0.031743095 0.501014701 0.345429415 0.000217164 0.000377624

243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 194.1306277 x 5.439075885 7.461242566 8.644657876 31.70858137 17.92032117 0.093110142 0.027706698

244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg 55.86977081 x 0.067953471 0.100966158 0.06832171 51.50360482 0.414492823 0.000968824 0.00092511

245 Carbon disulfide Air mg 1.691388135 x 0.028515409 0.070429325 0.027504737 0.212873988 0.247646895 0.000125958 0.000110577

246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg 20.16453517 x 0.241014589 0.657166703 0.18511405 2.330827758 2.649398 0.004037007 0.00078367

247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg 668.245562 x 9.623422638 10.78434581 5.062861216 57.87400595 58.4369185 0.247517682 0.021069348

248 Cerium-141 Air ug 12.11518097 x 0.0038383 0.006368693 0.003394807 0.06358071 0.037498237 0.000441566 5.3752E-05

249 Cesium-134 Air nBq 580.2392654 x 0.183829893 0.305019417 0.16258944 3.045107183 1.7959243 0.021148176 0.002574373

250 Cesium-137 Air ug 10.2857558 x 0.003258706 0.005407003 0.002882182 0.053979851 0.0318359 0.000374888 4.56353E-05

251 Chlorine Air ug 92.28232764 x 1.093538038 2.598290785 1.217707085 11.28716673 28.9642659 0.03312435 0.011317436

252 Chloroform Air ng 175.6046639 x 3.16726855 8.598236574 2.352326148 29.03528696 33.52735772 0.023640444 0.011152773

253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air ng 1.667699741 x 0.063012556 0.176729204 0.046487859 0.563755361 0.687623686 0.000408522 0.000166556

254 Chromium Air ug 639.0245815 x 7.447990923 20.39480891 6.218570546 66.73501908 77.81421393 0.015172112 0.023511039

255 Chromium-51 Air nBq 776.3386469 x 0.245957589 0.408104684 0.217538649 4.074240634 2.402880266 0.028295477 0.003444415

256 Chromium VI Air ug 15.76427111 x 0.179272906 0.493374605 0.140271199 1.667066719 1.910773769 0.000265812 0.000556691

257 Cobalt Air ug 24.6263121 x 1.546444509 2.657571562 3.30835374 2.628279247 1.431909276 0.001561745 0.005697401

258 Cobalt-58 Air ug 1.081083652 x 0.000342506 0.000568303 0.000302932 0.005673548 0.00334611 3.94026E-05 4.79649E-06

259 Cobalt-60 Air ug 9.550368198 x 0.003025723 0.005020425 0.002676118 0.050120522 0.029559769 0.000348085 4.23725E-05

260 Copper Air ug 284.4360369 x 4.436350865 11.07068809 5.623139391 33.86407443 36.91689229 0.095970594 0.023608613

261 Cumene Air ug 39.92861473 x 0.182240099 0.439549232 0.223826042 1.912280212 1.731018765 0.008484195 0.001209069

262 Cyanide Air ug 19.83692977 x 0.147609056 0.39846637 0.114492928 7.314867968 1.71789267 0.000925694 0.010375831

263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g 1.446886054 1.2813 7.1037E-05 0.048882441 0.000132059 0.000522821 0.00139174 1.37237E-06 6.81482E-07

264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 849.238493 x 1.327790277 3.406398777 1.171272115 12.79891325 13.72770763 0.026979001 0.010453763

265 Ethane Air mg 4.733934622 x 0.34986321 0.404457897 0.472432166 0.847671242 0.867393601 0.000701087 0.000812986

266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng 76.89894798 x 0.515500389 0.677645308 0.415221615 6.158198342 2.505087365 0.005024105 0.00886015

267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air pg 599.1381127 x 2.456935394 4.624309924 1.935260653 27.36225399 18.06378467 0.037203028 0.028623416

268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng 137.9267634 x 0.794516777 1.632484541 0.616125184 8.418712377 6.328907617 0.008884518 0.007898897

269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng 4.405735507 x 0.166466811 0.466883887 0.122811805 1.489331069 1.81656686 0.001079236 0.000440009

270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air ug 89.34115475 x 0.105869592 0.258847492 0.11400934 73.47990286 0.976640743 0.000635639 0.000773171

271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air ug 2.507031286 x 0.007087271 0.009656188 0.005750636 0.086448622 0.037538193 0.000120783 0.000118269

272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air ug 6.036812794 x 0.082195421 0.226098814 0.06275297 0.783845552 0.905545456 0.001280144 0.000249276

273 Ethanol Air ug 63.6566816 x 5.483373426 10.55494896 16.05293296 8.930086723 1.891773275 0.00348964 0.045703476

274 Ethene Air ug 530.3167858 x 4.06645363 9.694481489 6.203013227 114.7265843 33.60519939 0.138137693 0.038234249

275 Ethene, chloro- Air ug 32.41311452 x 0.06823546 0.17236417 0.067250051 0.509117765 0.602084897 0.000233332 0.000534804

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 1.367597134 x 0.006255615 0.012027393 0.004908427 0.068846416 0.046843339 8.79382E-05 7.04052E-05

277 Ethyl acetate Air ug 166.664377 x 6.290052243 17.63918006 4.640625987 56.27997028 68.63069292 0.040784669 0.01664864

278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng 337.0117681 x 12.73396226 35.71460457 9.394546685 113.9269523 138.9595481 0.082556484 0.033657845

279 Ethylene diamine Air pg 302.4595595 x 0.817944637 1.988053081 0.783092259 13.45524676 10.60230677 0.34239772 0.004509107

280 Ethylene oxide Air ng 299.0249805 x 6.364789192 16.58627601 5.95943903 58.02215951 63.32880559 0.127366291 0.026534471

281 Ethyne Air ug 37.46567518 x 0.166698458 0.435491902 0.139656415 16.61320886 1.85476484 0.002329322 0.000765161

282 Fluorine Air ug 10.83129382 x 0.137139531 0.365053543 0.105578142 1.33902799 1.450451027 0.000696095 0.000702712

283 Fluosilicic acid Air ug 6.698442856 x 0.082642658 0.226627393 0.06343846 0.795981074 0.911965163 0.001409095 0.000255645

284 Formaldehyde Air ug 490.1635213 x 17.7916614 31.04556854 35.45978724 100.8731422 59.11578505 3.299720404 0.084577803

285 Formic acid Air ug 24.88961676 x 0.014849244 0.032813695 0.017927385 24.0306401 0.146033689 0.00033565 6.92416E-05

286 Furan Air ug 7.008289835 x 0.001978832 0.003041591 0.003439702 6.803577028 0.017048021 8.08021E-05 1.37474E-05

287 Heat, waste Air MJ 4.492921561 x 0.115490991 0.161724914 0.181204539 0.44960945 0.27380918 0.001397283 0.000453012

288 Helium Air ug 132.4690907 x 1.359241344 2.724786866 3.589381858 12.55881989 11.04794099 0.160859624 0.025495068

289 Heptane Air ug 390.5826885 x 6.892454911 13.67136308 19.17106868 43.49394795 25.27689695 0.393617822 0.135915957

290 Hexane Air mg 1.140990034 x 0.016581903 0.031686515 0.042476458 0.25225544 0.063112732 0.000856263 0.000321181

291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air ug 1.846744774 x 0.003535859 0.008185658 0.004414893 1.500108284 0.032649793 0.000149836 2.19791E-05

292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg 2.485808943 x 0.046761893 0.08270381 0.073892122 0.215138616 0.205969218 0.000475715 0.000211594

293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air ug 149.3805071 x 2.187249565 3.581126956 2.927315156 28.70928548 9.742251008 0.013188984 0.02902648

294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air ug 825.1341619 x 17.39803877 28.13941034 25.55629353 65.31891813 74.4228094 0.123247887 0.054294934

295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air ug 36.43617798 x 0.094278844 0.230167998 0.103727293 0.745874801 0.77783365 0.000915463 0.000209006

296 Hydrogen Air mg 1.824179846 x 0.008522645 0.02040279 0.009255933 0.083930162 1.150612007 8.73665E-05 0.000132789

297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq 23.1313574 x 0.100258811 0.134766849 0.080829391 1.208510242 0.509655068 0.001275183 0.001696889

298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 5.75327743 x 0.088180179 0.163967832 0.128623494 1.345119281 0.804053794 0.000644445 0.001020007

299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 2.608227602 x 0.015063868 0.026870158 0.017826293 1.801164715 0.087477417 0.000122868 0.000182727

300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng 249.752835 x 9.432088219 26.45238282 6.958642146 84.38917969 102.9215306 0.061153242 0.024945545

301 Hydrogen sulfide Air ug 901.8342352 x 52.45926057 63.3636371 68.81260826 125.8312696 147.6441525 0.091245049 0.094005465

302 Iodine Air ug 19.72884508 x 0.363824456 0.487643888 0.291170122 4.443849351 1.773240596 0.002383878 0.006179203

303 Iodine-129 Air mBq 4.368195784 x 0.017530208 0.02357476 0.014140711 0.211876998 0.089532356 0.000234176 0.000296668

304 Iodine-131 Air mBq 98.92350102 x 0.872354536 1.143068077 0.702229282 10.36644067 4.186835914 0.007408583 0.015015438

305 Iodine-133 Air ug 67.0992334 x 0.046443028 0.079410311 0.038531649 0.625540186 0.371625876 0.002570872 0.000621847

306 Iodine-135 Air ug 15.92886287 x 0.059670444 0.104104607 0.04725562 0.676582594 0.404883999 0.000852294 0.000773717

307 Iron Air ug 286.1069615 x 5.304627179 11.74886283 11.452845 90.7248184 23.33225034 0.033075087 0.034126556

308 Isocyanic acid Air ug 1.763215515 x 0.015687911 0.030471121 0.015652671 0.237557341 0.176866826 0.00011208 0.000157559

309 Isoprene Air ng 325.2127475 x 0.091825734 0.141142064 0.159615977 315.7132569 0.791096622 0.003749543 0.000637936

310 Krypton-85 Air mBq 890.068834 x 6.903533551 9.058145646 5.560018112 82.20167646 33.30829587 0.062383401 0.118714519

311 Krypton-85m Air mBq 731.2793247 x 0.338564031 0.523078037 0.290634048 5.089232475 2.756594624 0.027136507 0.005096993

312 Krypton-87 Air mBq 168.9256644 x 0.134602835 0.193992758 0.112366022 1.8359274 0.896991611 0.006523555 0.002154843

313 Krypton-88 Air mBq 218.4645063 x 0.132642627 0.197130136 0.112087708 1.889189009 0.968857175 0.008249278 0.002068636

314 Krypton-89 Air mBq 90.60040962 x 0.033984712 0.054477751 0.029622642 0.537306248 0.304788822 0.003326024 0.000493501

315 Lanthanum-140 Air ug 4.271205703 x 0.001353192 0.002245282 0.001196839 0.022415372 0.013219998 0.000155674 1.89502E-05

316 Lead Air ug 269.1036259 x 4.130441058 10.36555365 5.498174865 31.9055272 33.04693127 0.031449918 0.023121584

317 Lead-210 Air mBq 79.51538209 x 0.102395818 0.150110529 0.082014419 68.80018998 0.610474682 0.000834918 0.001615871

318 m-Xylene Air ug 1.841829465 x 0.02171591 0.033546884 0.01753502 0.328770763 0.124659981 0.000147634 0.000316931

319 Magnesium Air ug 186.7081842 x 1.716535625 3.665607925 1.991248621 63.9578753 11.73928483 0.011473993 0.00509602

320 Manganese Air ug 45.8311575 x 0.575529841 1.471917611 0.452161958 5.854089532 5.781952754 0.00452626 0.003363502

321 Manganese-54 Air nBq 397.5713484 x 0.125957519 0.208994785 0.111403875 2.086462324 1.230540659 0.014490417 0.001763922

322 Mercury Air ug 11.73770614 x 0.200123508 0.447573538 0.188035458 2.026330091 1.763050013 0.003750432 0.001569598

323 Methane, biogenic Air mg 3.40070219 x 0.026555457 0.038609873 0.033265991 1.244940893 0.140437413 0.000171896 0.000264696

324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg 0.003360583 x 4.33302E-05 0.000120727 3.27018E-05 0.000416723 0.000477651 7.57345E-07 1.27988E-07

325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air ug 1.151979377 x 0.104713728 0.117876247 0.137915227 0.214194321 0.251616916 4.87745E-05 0.000165951

326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air ug 1.196125399 x 0.018097133 0.036036575 0.049886636 0.124973479 0.082845035 0.001272477 0.000354073

327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air ug 4.528098577 x 0.368999743 0.425547036 0.48025482 0.838166172 0.945416518 0.000236555 0.000664898

328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air ng 16.34606495 x 0.15278758 0.38488841 0.116377443 1.470082995 1.50225815 0.001372507 0.001010552

329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 20.048007 x 1.706602987 3.022212179 2.659776188 4.597693354 5.521429469 0.002997449 0.00188566

330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg 29.77131668 x 1.09201366 3.052192976 0.806128477 9.791365557 11.873929 0.007104983 0.002989328

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

331 Methane, fossil Air mg 439.1364101 x 14.01003152 16.00726251 17.14003796 48.32223689 68.49408903 0.125550344 0.048585386

332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air ng 15.98146564 x 0.067787448 0.12959175 0.053282583 0.74999622 0.506030405 0.001004126 0.000770153

333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 252.4964567 x 2.039975763 4.893651587 2.175316104 79.5234917 88.43507084 0.049250775 0.022012537

334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air ug 51.58554582 x 0.636419173 1.745186971 0.488531422 6.129796645 7.022748213 0.010851044 0.001969058

335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg 48.33214163 x 1.772825822 4.955072192 1.308706504 15.89575875 19.27668918 0.01153456 0.004853015

336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng 9.472691727 x 0.347458892 0.971152311 0.256495425 3.115434497 3.778068343 0.002260676 0.00095115

337 Methanol Air ug 594.2129417 x 9.537213943 116.5127721 274.3274374 59.06543448 7.957807516 0.024360797 0.077432132

338 Methyl acrylate Air ng 105.3255975 x 3.979634302 11.161547 2.935997082 35.60465288 43.4277069 0.025800719 0.010519059

339 Methyl amine Air pg 200.5151904 x 7.55626118 21.18635484 5.574965774 67.61667116 82.43144954 0.049002758 0.020035715

340 Methyl borate Air pg 0.035555825 x 0.001343445 0.003767916 0.000991134 0.012019422 0.014660329 8.70981E-06 3.55103E-06

341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air ug 166.6641398 x 6.290043283 17.63915493 4.640619378 56.27989012 68.63059523 0.040784611 0.016648616

342 Methyl formate Air pg 408.4761178 x 15.43538458 43.29158079 11.38751824 138.0950277 168.4403585 0.100069468 0.040794525

343 Molybdenum Air ug 3.763617528 x 0.2964532 0.57370491 0.872542072 0.771665011 0.111191878 0.000501123 0.002486467

344 Monoethanolamine Air ug 5.583177429 x 0.188883137 0.527558056 0.139775877 1.708622712 2.059045149 0.001327516 0.000519661

345 Nickel Air ug 270.6059024 x 13.77387077 28.01271173 36.93499912 40.37415103 21.80983433 0.027784033 0.105351184

346 Niobium-95 Air nBq 47.1951814 x 0.014952254 0.024809501 0.01322461 0.247681249 0.146075898 0.001720139 0.000209393

347 Nitrate Air ng 345.7052719 x 4.454955745 10.3722568 4.110958945 42.38534017 37.64052661 0.041873721 0.024402766

348 Nitrogen oxides Air g 1.271076731 0.26907 0.007040349 0.038946375 0.010639195 0.097284294 0.060377502 0.0008202 5.34115E-05

349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 207.5762346 x 1.862587871 2.913837624 3.154146268 11.53314189 11.99547123 0.130718719 0.014116127

350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq 41970.63368 x 168.4596989 226.5465473 135.8875355 2036.057891 860.372819 2.2501419 2.850878482

351 Ozone Air mg 1.24869452 x 0.006209071 0.008468833 0.005061552 0.073102837 0.031712311 7.30778E-05 0.000101708

352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air ug 73.82826912 x 1.011573437 1.638171906 1.206608286 5.099374391 4.700261163 0.009498099 0.001848556

353 Paraffins Air pg 75.17806643 x 2.083067104 5.765467925 1.610425256 21.93292 23.19378223 0.021233237 0.005990281

354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg 118.428952 x 2.541635728 3.793583086 2.441095029 20.42392784 5.464862481 0.03362339 0.009547138

355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg 174.2648084 x 2.71345911 4.275170257 1.558584639 61.2855549 10.83624994 0.02580487 0.011045718

356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 96.66994286 x 1.417811306 2.510249376 0.860798431 33.60866278 7.229657253 0.016745168 0.003472613

357 Pentane Air mg 2.938715439 x 0.12048552 0.171491375 0.211605556 0.435195997 0.212685241 0.002200247 0.000796777

358 Phenol Air ug 24.71027199 x 0.161058162 0.441533691 0.128319922 1.693262769 1.799068902 0.001786877 0.000455495

359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng 466.1163893 x 4.714588662 6.178866232 3.789732876 55.96334479 22.5687864 0.037616474 0.081229225

360 Phosphine Air pg 80.242042 x 3.031874389 8.503396528 2.236781998 27.1253153 33.08528954 0.019656213 0.008013919

361 Phosphorus Air ug 8.214435302 x 0.074163296 0.135585749 0.060668064 1.908531492 0.576777723 0.000603962 0.003178257

362 Platinum Air pg 47.04500919 x 0.23807908 0.31426606 0.192153857 2.859802572 1.175358267 0.002721245 0.004076492

363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq 0.595892604 x 0.002391404 0.003215979 0.001929022 0.028903452 0.012213663 3.19454E-05 4.04703E-05

364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq 1.366008047 x 0.00548199 0.007372223 0.004422037 0.066257489 0.027998269 7.32308E-05 9.27731E-05

365 Polonium-210 Air mBq 93.06207916 x 0.180989007 0.265742216 0.144854971 76.12891851 1.052112274 0.001434209 0.00285247

366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng 151.0404783 x 1.853667789 4.803493775 1.629595191 17.18385082 19.28998541 0.043606432 0.006304385

367 Potassium Air ug 419.5694464 x 4.570988827 7.427595242 3.693737892 85.67036542 28.25888836 0.032511937 0.063193411

368 Potassium-40 Air mBq 2.674598541 x 0.023528539 0.035201549 0.018799053 1.24661293 0.133936659 0.000164025 0.000364262

369 Propanal Air ng 386.2028864 x 0.068207258 0.140917052 0.099089911 1.114077364 7.737835094 0.004997892 0.054466259

370 Propane Air mg 3.150349435 x 0.146294234 0.192201703 0.237411205 0.476034002 0.369098693 0.001777855 0.000801631

371 Propene Air ug 172.1723012 x 1.807836391 3.744833736 4.239131352 47.05539665 9.435711594 0.094419866 0.030235405

372 Propionic acid Air ug 10.73919224 x 1.32751607 1.487089034 1.750943838 2.641763439 0.703389552 0.000493472 0.000612212

373 Propylene oxide Air ug 2.638224402 x 0.039291762 0.108419622 0.034964828 0.600075678 0.506773938 0.009609473 0.00030781

374 Protactinium-234 Air ug 730.7158856 x 2.391591057 3.242570564 1.933287533 29.07656308 12.47800533 0.036707174 0.040193899

375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq 110.5784187 x 0.10428119 0.236334102 0.106630171 2.8017702 1.770949641 0.105054271 0.000889295

376 Radium-226 Air mBq 142.222057 x 0.103322031 0.143366066 0.083497055 115.2360894 0.63561363 0.001391394 0.001705514

377 Radium-228 Air mBq 2.967489871 x 0.020590411 0.044273095 0.016335157 1.131236896 0.185527807 0.000131852 0.000189036

378 Radon-220 Air mBq 68.92619874 x 0.959728288 1.294014819 0.770399276 11.29132185 4.719499348 0.006983135 0.016153695

379 Radon-222 Air Bq 96565.86837 x 315.3952774 426.5522681 255.0240662 3917.140724 1641.240393 4.841893282 5.311070635

380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq 10.36909058 x 0.003285108 0.00545081 0.002905534 0.054417193 0.032093833 0.000377926 4.6005E-05

381 Scandium Air ng 69.13274495 x 0.409852251 1.076437398 0.338920364 21.64619369 4.546900379 0.005669545 0.00164194

382 Selenium Air ug 12.12743375 x 0.357992059 0.741947779 0.761347829 2.106550503 1.288504616 0.001420143 0.003074149

383 Silicon Air ug 793.1534087 x 4.54025866 11.97469048 3.70664418 265.9338139 54.08104287 0.05582044 0.297892118

384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air ng 54.68572796 x 0.317794433 0.783720404 0.348244049 2.485975753 46.0301674 0.002270119 0.001752491

385 Silver Air ng 12.98995716 x 0.176947405 0.243850344 0.228884971 0.995393969 0.409642816 0.000814922 0.001426742

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

386 Silver-110 Air nBq 102.7656271 x 0.032557939 0.0540217 0.028796062 0.539316052 0.318074462 0.003745534 0.000455945

387 Sodium Air ug 209.6677917 x 13.88152979 27.10017132 40.86844026 43.836318 6.706220538 0.026898108 0.114457094

388 Sodium chlorate Air ng 649.4199757 x 3.475394568 8.287625856 3.804294367 26.89866693 501.4356987 0.026824309 0.022089578

389 Sodium dichromate Air ug 1.919546854 x 0.002177792 0.003221375 0.001728176 0.023496031 0.011909398 3.79577E-05 0.000164453

390 Sodium formate Air ng 21.48494559 x 0.166509584 0.440966812 0.14007648 1.659978857 1.89795088 0.001125751 0.000906374

391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng 931.2328824 x 35.17877787 98.66247958 25.95343943 314.73904 383.8787611 0.228075587 0.093007401

392 Strontium Air ug 12.91520479 x 0.130842819 0.234516467 0.104920338 4.118651645 0.932156534 0.001003883 0.001641852

393 Styrene Air ng 396.7031073 x 9.143586792 25.0348729 7.475977558 109.4456259 103.0310253 0.134069711 0.028723616

394 Sulfate Air mg 219.6919328 x 0.010215124 0.022818009 0.010898682 216.0471845 0.930270473 0.000232965 7.84684E-05

395 Sulfur dioxide Air g 1.030484703 x 0.007180386 0.015056281 0.019045307 0.715594324 0.031218323 9.93244E-05 0.000131469

396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air ug 12.43228819 x 0.086202782 0.107780059 0.068919734 1.007471892 0.376224066 0.000820187 0.001596767

397 Sulfuric acid Air ng 195.0518201 x 7.362681486 20.64756098 5.431963497 65.87645105 80.33580046 0.047738704 0.019483705

398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng 386.8999271 x 1.909436998 5.191327416 1.484478958 18.84660305 26.8145884 0.080382671 0.006867225

399 Terpenes Air ug 3.075121297 x 0.000868278 0.001334599 0.001509284 2.985296775 0.007480387 3.54546E-05 6.03214E-06

400 Thallium Air ng 116.05605 x 0.67293239 1.704289477 0.621405037 28.98410239 7.328682989 0.022589299 0.00421562

401 Thorium Air ng 93.52330197 x 0.534812873 1.407740158 0.437556355 31.86735848 5.992495265 0.00642386 0.002184313

402 Thorium-228 Air ug 672.2672862 x 5.328738249 8.572754853 4.250666096 333.9548591 33.41767703 0.036099337 0.076777142

403 Thorium-230 Air mBq 103.1116234 x 0.009404687 0.013381825 0.007770372 98.61784376 0.130103834 0.000139672 0.000151636

404 Thorium-232 Air mBq 1.616970047 x 0.007368268 0.01081294 0.005888169 1.18262699 0.041911011 5.05549E-05 0.00011621

405 Thorium-234 Air ug 730.858058 x 2.392049144 3.243194849 1.933658724 29.08211465 12.48041056 0.036714299 0.040201537

406 Tin Air ug 13.28490755 x 0.173709124 0.471788017 0.135739507 1.551301187 1.829463923 0.00084555 0.000720714

407 Titanium Air ug 18.91381094 x 0.106070561 0.279770013 0.086774214 6.388364792 1.204849987 0.002643857 0.000435841

408 Toluene Air ug 444.2295934 x 18.76552006 25.86776838 31.70893016 73.55779091 33.9135693 0.925565014 0.100868316

409 Uranium Air ng 107.1487303 x 0.577284697 1.525346825 0.463512277 41.18014395 6.57943209 0.005118475 0.002436415

410 Uranium-234 Air mBq 108.9033915 x 0.02833904 0.038996665 0.023078543 98.84815457 0.228662645 0.000430307 0.000470409

411 Uranium-235 Air ug 411.9461941 x 1.34651616 1.821046751 1.088662061 16.37962021 7.006768258 0.020668712 0.022674968

412 Uranium-238 Air mBq 110.9297213 x 0.046681365 0.066224423 0.037724304 99.88574248 0.331989584 0.000553805 0.000756773

413 Uranium alpha Air mBq 39.68737004 x 0.12971561 0.175423758 0.104874599 1.57795155 0.67497449 0.001991176 0.002184463

414 Vanadium Air ug 451.759066 x 46.12223417 89.75276067 138.4835603 60.35329341 8.816084954 0.030511301 0.37105605

415 water Air mg 11.66365425 x 0.154139794 0.360466637 0.141801266 1.464825649 1.309800039 0.001437114 0.000835792

416 Xenon-131m Air mBq 877.5285002 x 0.619381647 0.904157809 0.519675007 8.602277987 4.291220281 0.033527239 0.00980996

417 Xenon-133 Air Bq 31.87723756 x 0.019743006 0.029268196 0.016666828 0.280209383 0.143163222 0.00120545 0.000308578

418 Xenon-133m Air mBq 37.04612815 x 0.083663717 0.112786444 0.068067514 1.036598629 0.446551103 0.001675488 0.00141101

419 Xenon-135 Air Bq 12.7673863 x 0.008091833 0.011961667 0.00682326 0.114388023 0.058190297 0.000483637 0.000126787

420 Xenon-135m Air Bq 8.021379663 x 0.0047763 0.00711616 0.004040184 0.06826546 0.035140105 0.000302465 7.43259E-05

421 Xenon-137 Air mBq 248.0171587 x 0.09316546 0.149304325 0.081198061 1.472422806 0.834967565 0.009105538 0.001353252

422 Xenon-138 Air Bq 1.861233735 x 0.000819203 0.001276186 0.000705627 0.012455337 0.0068199 6.8875E-05 1.22361E-05

423 Xylene Air ug 505.3063031 x 7.243855835 12.1690475 11.45669307 79.42296558 38.63697343 0.512856358 0.123553737

424 Zinc Air ug 464.7644269 x 6.964636385 18.12978501 7.155038751 60.85095923 66.83454649 0.119854717 0.031768143

425 Zinc-65 Air ug 1.98517045 x 0.000628937 0.001043562 0.000556267 0.010418214 0.006144389 7.23542E-05 8.80769E-06

426 Zirconium Air ng 260.3459297 x 2.018822262 5.2269852 1.783269818 18.76869325 20.95848802 0.051433103 0.00706731

427 Zirconium-95 Air ug 1.940428749 x 0.000614762 0.001020042 0.00054373 0.010183409 0.006005907 7.07235E-05 8.60918E-06

428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg 768.9081536 x 28.97571406 81.24252781 21.37811417 259.2871374 316.0968147 0.18790905 0.076830214

429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water pg 87.1886299 x 1.124180441 3.132190164 0.848431338 10.81168007 12.39241811 0.019648945 0.003320583

430 Acenaphthene Water ng 10.44306479 x 0.205041684 0.404855808 0.572129188 1.193884389 0.619857066 0.009886285 0.004041634

431 Acenaphthylene Water pg 653.1112765 x 12.82334645 25.31976028 35.78106978 74.6657597 38.76597583 0.618290144 0.252764575

432 Acetaldehyde Water ug 1.104071771 x 0.041671298 0.116859605 0.030743888 0.372850382 0.454678631 0.000270195 0.000110288

433 Acetic acid Water ug 23.00954958 x 0.114377907 0.303251793 0.101908712 1.117112372 1.179396894 0.002186086 0.000495225

434 Acetone Water pg 207.8104951 x 2.679437598 7.465445738 2.022201011 25.76919238 29.53681666 0.046832448 0.007914471

435 Acidity, unspecified Water ug 15.24182881 x 0.026937497 0.050590975 0.039101379 0.221288019 0.243172762 0.001267977 0.000159847

436 Acrylate, ion Water ng 219.7085264 x 8.301491851 23.28291607 6.124471244 74.27107957 90.58991952 0.053820135 0.021942691

437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq 7.095161941 x 0.028473922 0.038291952 0.022968439 0.344147031 0.145425389 0.000380367 0.000481871

438 Aluminum Water mg 69.29396626 x 1.057766704 1.805992295 0.873253237 13.25530645 7.225026112 0.00966402 0.015146061

439 Ammonium, ion Water mg 3.724432384 x 0.631883388 1.910849003 0.007704295 0.333800917 0.051854671 0.000205758 8.02043E-05

440 Antimony Water ug 133.5195734 x 2.303734625 6.096796601 1.728767502 21.48647535 24.64330872 0.008335104 0.009652652

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

441 Antimony-122 Water ug 29.68055172 x 0.009403315 0.015602434 0.008316818 0.155764125 0.091865592 0.001081777 0.000131685

442 Antimony-124 Water ug 2.140993199 x 0.004672912 0.006419722 0.003796467 0.057902321 0.025557562 9.67462E-05 7.77461E-05

443 Antimony-125 Water mBq 1.978482386 x 0.004294017 0.005954528 0.003490846 0.053074363 0.023729277 8.9589E-05 7.07833E-05

444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water ug 6.926991988 x 0.159020997 0.408915037 0.170928657 1.483881414 1.458200727 0.002444202 0.001031872

445 Arsenic, ion Water mg 1.576746414 x 0.00121859 0.002400665 0.001046773 1.501837662 0.010042414 1.52686E-05 1.36648E-05

446 Barite Water mg 8.045343233 x 0.427096586 0.578784724 0.738945671 1.215537059 0.972985445 0.004055666 0.002841805

447 Barium Water mg 2.363991778 x 0.041091959 0.073686578 0.090335759 0.31937629 0.152582508 0.001484044 0.000771717

448 Barium-140 Water ug 130.0165762 x 0.041191513 0.068346944 0.036432078 0.682329574 0.4024201 0.004738758 0.00057685

449 Benzene Water ug 191.4900845 x 2.844686228 5.923565583 6.917188855 18.87021214 12.28918299 0.1247526 0.047256226

450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng 258.5065267 x 9.741620274 27.31369641 7.187311061 87.17220314 106.271588 0.063174928 0.025830278

451 Benzene, chloro- Water ug 5.337953103 x 0.20115667 0.564005992 0.148412227 1.800036297 2.19442333 0.001304512 0.000533375

452 Benzene, ethyl- Water ug 40.30218725 x 0.791259405 1.562366279 2.207805781 4.608922875 2.392254785 0.038150525 0.015596248

453 Beryllium Water ug 5.662453103 x 0.10039037 0.137162061 0.080310672 1.280227753 0.502344338 0.000682731 0.001681165

454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 350.9171954 x 7.771628495 15.55610228 20.50958781 48.39415329 22.23483575 0.257363539 0.150981581

455 Boron Water ug 998.582694 x 13.3728807 18.11616202 11.38299313 160.2606113 65.06013433 0.10850991 0.23519645

456 Bromate Water ug 40.1911709 x 0.256548345 0.640311073 0.25470433 10.59270194 11.26903863 0.007299604 0.041140604

457 Bromine Water mg 1.374407615 x 0.026616978 0.054800477 0.067130293 0.173498038 0.107476197 0.001141727 0.000470756

458 Butanol Water ng 604.7806527 x 22.82492728 64.00789542 16.83959788 204.225048 249.0425351 0.147996719 0.060413482

459 Butene Water ng 230.8293461 x 22.07897065 40.90924769 37.80946624 49.28306145 59.37208951 0.035581409 0.016069974

460 Butyl acetate Water ng 786.2062843 x 29.67208212 83.20935734 21.89123871 265.4896692 323.7517707 0.192393638 0.078536671

461 Butyrolactone Water ng 1.335064594 x 0.050310885 0.14106239 0.03711908 0.450203412 0.548842757 0.000326269 0.000133401

462 Cadmium, ion Water ug 633.504368 x 0.14710681 0.307423812 0.14371563 620.9650566 1.312687296 0.002312721 0.00127996

463 Calcium, ion Water g 25.27824636 x 0.004564159 0.008683715 0.005788379 24.62353581 0.245056047 7.99299E-05 6.79365E-05

464 Carbonate Water mg 1.423152509 x 0.002037606 0.005149139 0.001593075 0.020063877 0.021348512 2.57285E-05 1.12384E-05

465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg 7.087331272 x 0.146280769 0.285510978 0.403315341 0.822377798 0.41773088 0.006564236 0.002819995

466 Cerium-141 Water ug 51.98275229 x 0.01646904 0.027326225 0.01456614 0.272806516 0.160894122 0.001894633 0.000230634

467 Cerium-144 Water ug 15.82524992 x 0.005013714 0.008318997 0.00443441 0.083051226 0.048981433 0.000576788 7.02126E-05

468 Cesium Water ug 1.678949334 x 0.032964901 0.065089358 0.091982185 0.191942828 0.099655481 0.001589435 0.00064978

469 Cesium-134 Water ug 863.4885554 x 3.947175344 5.378244106 3.18357735 47.29416814 20.31425785 0.048987981 0.065930043

470 Cesium-136 Water ug 9.22592371 x 0.002922933 0.004849871 0.002585206 0.048417831 0.028555566 0.00033626 4.09331E-05

471 Cesium-137 Water mBq 829.6540227 x 3.276001814 4.407231452 2.642945237 39.61504218 16.75379058 0.044229771 0.055424857

472 Chlorate Water ug 826.2696714 x 2.206387557 5.502631354 2.191672566 82.93472634 111.3365036 0.057447785 0.316009168

473 Chloride Water g 93.63190003 x 0.029606026 0.053138558 0.066100763 0.222232404 91.12024904 0.001263802 0.000582614

474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng 297.5528577 x 3.578776178 8.924596252 3.594896887 47.93801142 51.44264268 0.043138185 0.105131792

475 Chlorine Water ug 23.66589358 x 0.098195055 0.164251992 0.080895753 1.178476609 0.676582446 0.001868865 0.001349416

476 Chloroform Water ng 12.27677468 x 0.463834177 1.300889635 0.342196703 4.149813498 5.061541676 0.00300715 0.00122612

477 Chromium-51 Water mBq 9.745913016 x 0.005139238 0.007904318 0.004375195 0.074934313 0.040145814 0.000365165 7.75354E-05

478 Chromium VI Water mg 1.531931478 x 0.02125021 0.054282727 0.018756126 0.197232313 0.221074202 0.000438826 0.000130475

479 Chromium, ion Water ug 910.1172635 x 0.212217971 0.44117004 0.369161822 609.2698565 1.327609611 0.007132636 0.002627696

480 Cobalt Water ug 874.920903 x 10.97628689 27.1457441 9.827358872 91.46187451 100.0922012 0.048533559 0.152976629

481 Cobalt-57 Water ug 292.865621 x 0.092784924 0.153953216 0.082064176 1.536964594 0.906461395 0.010674172 0.00129937

482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq 43.55512082 x 0.037812814 0.054992019 0.031428901 0.508393817 0.249742819 0.001701454 0.000600335

483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq 38.42706754 x 0.029672277 0.043611856 0.024778329 0.405456043 0.202781992 0.001483752 0.000466774

484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 442.4528025 x 9.028626366 18.76655671 21.75027413 61.98500124 35.48679295 0.273927438 0.156269159

485 Copper, ion Water mg 1.343024541 x 0.006891892 0.015848057 0.00654364 0.757640838 0.091532897 8.32793E-05 7.30432E-05

486 Cumene Water ug 95.94747305 x 0.437918629 1.056227218 0.537849373 4.595162901 4.159600361 0.020387369 0.002905355

487 Cyanide Water ug 112.4694444 x 2.226790583 5.787308987 2.0440135 19.52566708 21.3421722 0.018671502 0.008544418

488 Dichromate Water ug 7.120407528 x 0.007711955 0.01090813 0.006139213 0.083892377 0.039781591 0.000138233 0.000608067

489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg 147.4683959 x 2.899502861 6.094393621 6.736502553 20.98136845 12.69158463 0.086430943 0.049007245

490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water ug 178.292951 x 0.00309892 0.006662595 0.00313163 174.4044633 0.283038312 3.05868E-05 2.74705E-05

491 Ethanol Water ug 1.391568433 x 0.052518967 0.147278832 0.038747036 0.469911172 0.573033906 0.000340533 0.000139008

492 Ethene Water ug 73.05898944 x 0.124698488 0.28116365 0.178528757 1.444462291 1.063581065 0.007555027 0.001056767

493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng 746.6579459 x 0.746007193 2.036843018 0.56647834 6.711160892 7.955721639 0.002229312 0.007346969

494 Ethyl acetate Water pg 94.91163223 x 3.583927539 10.05100651 2.644094734 32.06581648 39.10665802 0.023236842 0.009480097

495 Ethylene diamine Water pg 733.2352939 x 1.982896086 4.81952261 1.898405471 32.61877997 25.70256131 0.830055078 0.010931169

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

496 Ethylene oxide Water ng 105.0413239 x 3.936447116 11.03719303 2.904762163 35.24581599 42.95328175 0.025672065 0.010434895

497 Fluoride Water mg 273.1333208 x 0.586815928 1.637896075 0.440896949 258.923246 6.824282526 0.004086382 0.007154348

498 Fluosilicic acid Water ug 12.05719711 x 0.148756784 0.407929308 0.114189228 1.432765933 1.641537281 0.002536371 0.000460161

499 Formaldehyde Water ug 6.401532273 x 0.026922123 0.062831817 0.03220952 0.275723717 0.248576869 0.001284045 0.000168791

500 Glutaraldehyde Water ng 993.2522355 x 52.72797347 71.45490406 91.22786061 150.0663032 120.1216531 0.500699473 0.350840136

501 Heat, waste Water kJ 103.1794101 x 1.18276262 1.827297579 1.507334318 24.74129217 5.832931261 0.025649247 0.023606915

502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water ug 218.2634126 x 4.285437129 8.461616578 11.957684 24.95256764 12.9552122 0.206626527 0.084471452

503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water ug 20.14739183 x 0.395578812 0.781072299 1.103786215 2.303313932 1.195865693 0.019073218 0.007797365

504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water ug 904.4170062 x 18.03839698 35.23098244 49.66967182 108.508981 54.13714202 0.846178999 0.347406684

505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water ug 278.6253596 x 8.607581199 12.35800255 14.57841789 29.6306703 24.23980892 0.091110112 0.058239587

506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq 1879.224171 x 7.50465952 10.09527574 6.054049877 90.71086552 38.35127172 0.100582221 0.126966985

507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ug 2.151318215 x 0.077690175 0.217621231 0.057435633 0.695837193 0.869799819 0.000526437 0.000336871

508 Hydrogen sulfide Water ug 62.08662892 x 1.248425773 2.802042089 1.322875939 13.97318865 10.26293745 0.010282018 0.011652757

509 Hydroxide Water ug 6.966422727 x 0.260936991 0.731107181 0.192541057 2.336006307 2.844489712 0.00169331 0.000696879

510 Hypochlorite Water ug 25.12863342 x 0.404209313 0.540683658 0.324074351 4.757547382 1.965764272 0.002788437 0.006858618

511 Iodide Water ug 170.6192939 x 3.340957364 6.575379625 9.233683554 19.86058934 10.22647082 0.159235448 0.065665054

512 Iodine-131 Water ug 506.10986 x 0.851714938 1.185192343 0.695413658 10.72041684 4.85410754 0.021700088 0.014015557

513 Iodine-133 Water ug 81.62151724 x 0.025859117 0.042906692 0.022871249 0.428351343 0.252630379 0.002974887 0.000362134

514 Iron-59 Water ug 22.43949998 x 0.007109224 0.011795967 0.006287795 0.117762941 0.069453492 0.00081786 9.95583E-05

515 Iron, ion Water mg 65.59497822 x 0.93720132 1.410025904 0.77527167 10.90246931 5.478696141 0.007268861 0.014145651

516 Lanthanum-140 Water ug 138.4783988 x 0.043872366 0.072795144 0.038803174 0.726737388 0.428610676 0.005047169 0.000614393

517 Lead Water ug 643.3456295 x 1.604531559 3.034956529 1.995439237 504.82142 17.14622798 0.031704125 0.018283973

518 Lead-210 Water Bq 64.55364537 x 0.000161684 0.000352355 0.000165117 64.01842658 0.017499797 1.21792E-06 1.3562E-06

519 Lithium, ion Water ug 22.35437812 x 0.288229722 0.803065298 0.21753014 2.772017224 3.177304236 0.005037812 0.000851367

520 m-Xylene Water pg 629.9870187 x 8.122837629 22.63184021 6.130394854 78.12048534 89.54220954 0.141974708 0.023993082

521 Magnesium Water g 1.451390824 x 0.000561151 0.000923143 0.000805097 0.005975427 1.399595469 1.18782E-05 9.38147E-06

522 Manganese Water mg 2.000755886 x 0.013607417 0.025300006 0.014161959 1.0552109 0.097287056 0.000213383 0.000170665

523 Manganese-54 Water mBq 2.622162865 x 0.00232884 0.003386955 0.001934341 0.031198959 0.015311962 0.000102716 3.69536E-05

524 Mercury Water ug 89.23093518 x 0.038696529 0.088553075 0.037576803 86.44315064 0.356614284 0.000690494 0.00031587

525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water ug 20.13499187 x 0.620425511 1.02275759 1.387951404 2.584143888 1.525795288 0.015714524 0.008023957

526 Methanol Water ug 19.8299695 x 1.55994122 2.009390042 1.967503003 4.256124105 5.040530305 0.001899566 0.002877432

527 Methyl acrylate Water ug 2.057566379 x 0.077743322 0.21804409 0.057355563 0.695547324 0.848372965 0.000504025 0.000205493

528 Methyl amine Water pg 481.2279402 x 18.13470589 50.84635175 13.37968107 162.2771388 197.8319777 0.117604537 0.048084866

529 Methyl formate Water pg 163.0809974 x 6.162460364 17.28383568 4.546380391 55.1333937 67.24853788 0.039951977 0.016286905

530 Molybdenum Water ug 68.76031438 x 0.718147806 0.985108167 0.582866772 9.022677874 3.691414872 0.005787151 0.012013206

531 Molybdenum-99 Water ug 47.74437906 x 0.01512625 0.025098203 0.013378501 0.250563449 0.147775747 0.001740156 0.00021183

532 Nickel, ion Water mg 4.800358521 x 0.046909534 0.117852208 0.042456647 1.693291492 0.441322841 0.000341855 0.000258031

533 Niobium-95 Water ug 183.2526463 x 0.367275567 0.523467111 0.299540945 4.523533331 2.104569963 0.008222997 0.005884434

534 Nitrate Water g 49.61428821 47.4 2.06942E-05 4.12086E-05 2.55264E-05 0.002024145 0.00019089 8.92874E-07 8.37779E-07

535 Nitrite Water ug 18.29937076 x 0.172835594 0.363211226 0.179087449 4.378405337 1.634105455 0.003863008 0.001843239

536 Nitrogen Water mg 2.580248397 x 0.218329015 1.10531558 0.438837842 0.34824698 0.046001575 9.16242E-05 0.000113378

537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water ug 709.4935103 x 15.18586803 32.16288511 28.11278306 170.5107838 72.62879968 0.148396595 0.152315895

538 o-Xylene Water pg 458.8875271 x 5.91673917 16.4852114 4.465428096 56.90357936 65.22325386 0.1034155 0.017476751

539 Oils, unspecified Water mg 94.10702262 x 2.264548119 4.421746046 6.304651939 11.63060636 4.878611399 0.078655298 0.043805604

540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water ug 10.38925201 x 0.202835331 0.407223516 0.544895647 1.321573155 0.675433358 0.008907809 0.003822818

541 Paraffins Water pg 218.1741088 x 6.045264672 16.73195237 4.673611756 63.65148112 67.31062652 0.061620933 0.017384382

542 Phenol Water ug 186.7844906 x 3.237507682 6.401266989 8.968394596 20.28400713 9.627622425 0.146997768 0.062626609

543 Phosphate Water g 1.112598773 x 0.000105192 0.000260378 9.32065E-05 1.082033644 0.001408627 1.74986E-06 2.92615E-06

544 Phosphorus Water mg 176.9601266 173.305 0.000346041 0.00076206 0.000613754 0.719203942 0.00430813 1.30916E-05 4.55329E-06

545 Polonium-210 Water Bq 98.51213941 x 0.000224634 0.000507469 0.000234187 97.69686051 0.026595323 1.68899E-06 1.70363E-06

546 Potassium-40 Water Bq 7.806471105 x 6.69535E-05 0.000107086 5.81288E-05 7.738547409 0.002350959 5.08394E-07 9.52449E-07

547 Potassium, ion Water g 1.193708102 x 0.000290169 0.000510501 0.000527117 0.002849185 1.161444342 8.26268E-06 4.89118E-06

548 Propene Water ug 41.63298929 x 0.286406585 0.706974038 0.331872878 3.068664571 3.260449064 0.025545225 0.001732419

549 Propylene oxide Water ug 6.345200256 x 0.094432998 0.260568842 0.084050871 1.44292185 1.218195879 0.023122062 0.000740365

550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq 13.46229403 x 0.044003796 0.059511333 0.035577192 0.53528171 0.228979402 0.000675448 0.000741012

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq 35.06747214 x 0.000362157 0.000892451 0.000395563 34.37515146 0.051837843 2.7124E-06 2.00482E-06

552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water Bq 4.255537288 x 0.017075762 0.022964059 0.013774271 0.206400046 0.087220675 0.000229043 0.000288976

553 Radium-224 Water mBq 83.9474667 x 1.648245051 3.254467918 4.599109233 9.59714141 4.982774072 0.079471741 0.03248902

554 Radium-226 Water Bq 81.19977776 x 0.030168625 0.04259179 0.029656605 72.43893647 0.170001175 0.000548498 0.000514066

555 Radium-228 Water mBq 167.9336767 x 3.296989644 6.510327658 9.198595476 19.19908711 9.971054849 0.158952213 0.064979515

556 Rubidium Water ug 17.309811 x 0.331349757 0.653193696 0.921196905 1.94011692 1.005404867 0.015920454 0.006526444

557 Ruthenium-103 Water ug 10.07449379 x 0.003191775 0.005295947 0.002822984 0.052871143 0.031182012 0.000367188 4.46979E-05

558 Scandium Water ug 12.89245434 x 0.223570045 0.312657521 0.178767371 3.451918832 1.155745644 0.00143249 0.003672986

559 Selenium Water ug 17.79505937 x 0.217632874 0.327723213 0.184607881 2.862963658 1.232425939 0.00212117 0.003393572

560 Silicon Water g 1.353817282 x 0.022959111 0.055610376 0.018826235 0.214835981 0.213429645 0.000147048 0.000257083

561 Silver-110 Water mBq 37.55581105 x 0.027576145 0.040547941 0.023067833 0.380213404 0.190658951 0.001442408 0.000434225

562 Silver, ion Water ug 1.839655076 x 0.028503461 0.0573371 0.075594344 0.351717059 0.127623403 0.001513647 0.000528308

563 Sodium-24 Water ug 361.2466991 x 0.114449239 0.189899692 0.101225308 1.895829848 1.118110701 0.01316648 0.001602759

564 Sodium formate Water ug 51.61626945 x 0.400029113 1.059395855 0.336525192 3.987997903 4.559710053 0.002704547 0.002177508

565 Sodium, ion Water g 54.34839933 x 0.010811469 0.021585988 0.028726087 0.090106675 53.11533242 0.000601722 0.00020455

566 Solids, inorganic Water mg 66.66980578 x 0.905743682 1.27786456 0.734996513 12.40821229 7.041610164 0.007152428 0.0157566

567 Solved solids Water mg 60.64190309 x 0.110311564 0.266438071 0.092779622 51.31408646 1.308941797 0.001326189 0.000668843

568 Strontium Water mg 3.852175059 x 0.071945034 0.135001334 0.176566436 0.508229225 0.243119956 0.002972976 0.001376182

569 Strontium-89 Water ug 815.1682294 x 0.50388715 0.767706876 0.425569615 7.107592776 3.743833916 0.030936542 0.007646321

570 Strontium-90 Water Bq 2.735711775 x 0.024116258 0.031607052 0.019412489 0.286579942 0.115777726 0.000204885 0.000415049

571 Sulfate Water g 75.6215466 x 0.005287601 0.008839194 0.004752682 48.81055265 25.78910122 4.5276E-05 0.000218013

572 Sulfide Water ug 5.601693235 x 0.068755389 0.114192939 0.12288127 1.310083326 0.287999586 0.002114191 0.001278141

573 Sulfite Water ug 70.80940976 x 1.100196817 1.47481402 0.88244531 12.94134812 5.365893975 0.007689124 0.018624826

574 Sulfur Water ug 477.9050446 x 0.006628521 0.012656158 0.0175711 0.057241474 471.7649933 0.000208455 0.000119308

575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 91.68829349 x 1.607882728 2.26602498 2.762671108 57.02281666 4.382649258 0.017405663 0.01112159

576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water ug 4.40322855 x 0.070603858 0.138978086 0.198979376 1.844980445 0.146472536 0.002373436 0.001403915

577 Technetium-99m Water mBq 1.097236977 x 0.000350259 0.000580213 0.000309571 0.005789177 0.003408267 4.00033E-05 4.91383E-06

578 Tellurium-123m Water ug 133.8903489 x 0.508345192 0.69160766 0.410442987 6.136322501 2.638112719 0.00708322 0.00851136

579 Tellurium-132 Water ug 2.764493865 x 0.00087584 0.001453236 0.000774642 0.014508119 0.008556507 0.000100758 1.22654E-05

580 Thallium Water ug 1.045924368 x 0.01629637 0.026187888 0.013187314 0.240154395 0.102056788 0.000133338 0.000255291

581 Thorium-228 Water Bq 1.127221263 x 0.006594449 0.013021492 0.018398048 0.823292801 0.020143096 0.000317898 0.000129964

582 Thorium-230 Water Bq 1.836798623 x 0.006003889 0.00811974 0.004854161 0.073033965 0.031242002 9.21583E-05 0.000101104

583 Thorium-232 Water ug 781.1663928 x 9.782976863 13.31127564 7.876319747 114.444783 48.65462555 0.074547717 0.16268239

584 Thorium-234 Water mBq 13.46381368 x 0.044008693 0.059518005 0.035581159 0.53534105 0.229005058 0.000675524 0.000741094

585 Tin, ion Water ug 38.29538746 x 0.393839953 0.741045112 0.367542288 8.315381826 4.103770877 0.00381624 0.004519101

586 Titanium, ion Water ug 6.149950782 x 0.070463973 0.16549728 0.056640323 0.771909402 1.092773899 0.001530781 0.000488437

587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg 149.3153128 x 2.902475595 6.100218893 6.742550761 22.45448603 12.71349226 0.086734089 0.049077865

588 Toluene Water ug 218.4239949 x 4.07163533 8.038759245 11.34231601 32.73925939 12.43547736 0.19857464 0.081506696

589 Tributyltin compounds Water ug 3.735325663 x 0.044259838 0.089841534 0.098260983 1.06012323 0.211392086 0.001649684 0.000690669

590 Triethylene glycol Water ug 12.35748864 x 1.168000495 1.313936632 1.537006501 2.384443384 2.80575794 0.000495215 0.002027855

591 Tungsten Water ug 10.45982904 x 0.159433024 0.216538337 0.127654521 2.108337666 0.793280692 0.001093783 0.002679389

592 Uranium-234 Water mBq 16.15475274 x 0.052804555 0.071413598 0.04269263 0.642338049 0.274775242 0.000810538 0.000889214

593 Uranium-235 Water mBq 26.65534198 x 0.087127516 0.117832437 0.070442839 1.059857779 0.453379129 0.001337387 0.001467204

594 Uranium-238 Water Bq 33.16054394 x 0.000214815 0.000359045 0.000191331 32.8469746 0.009664619 2.65647E-06 2.91708E-06

595 Uranium alpha Water mBq 775.5955049 x 2.535161943 3.428580242 2.049684346 30.83887404 13.19201216 0.038914155 0.042691556

596 Vanadium, ion Water ug 546.2235989 x 8.29215511 19.30937661 6.960570501 87.06532484 83.87112175 0.142166739 0.059796877

597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water ug 619.8933314 x 11.64780895 22.93001473 32.28273671 68.51704354 35.45003163 0.557942426 0.229278531

598 Xylene Water ug 170.3737774 x 3.382421482 6.672343299 9.436638268 20.22965407 9.978683806 0.159309487 0.066590565

599 Zinc-65 Water mBq 4.897688009 x 0.001551673 0.00257461 0.001372386 0.025703164 0.015159051 0.000178508 2.17298E-05

600 Zinc, ion Water mg 3.889680555 x 0.034909119 0.06129139 0.05364727 2.307437781 0.206516795 0.003566187 0.000348261

601 Zirconium-95 Water ug 56.71659733 x 0.017968805 0.029814707 0.015892616 0.297649828 0.175546055 0.002067169 0.000251637

602 2,4-D Soil mg 6.324838009 6.3236 3.55367E-07 5.5364E-07 6.11862E-07 0.001201748 3.075E-06 1.43098E-08 2.44364E-09

603 Aclonifen Soil mg 18.77702548 1.9523 2.66034E-07 6.91314E-07 2.51719E-07 4.13984E-06 3.42498E-06 4.53255E-08 1.28689E-09

604 Aldrin Soil ng 2.387679872 x 0.090198137 0.252969832 0.066544438 0.806988798 0.98426218 0.000584784 0.000238471

605 Aluminum Soil ug 839.2272101 x 25.02791754 41.22544627 55.2566533 110.3185233 63.76266204 0.626785743 0.325414182

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

606 Antimony Soil pg 277.7313519 x 9.65102068 26.91441845 7.140775115 86.00513134 104.5353925 0.04359391 0.026877343

607 Arsenic Soil ng 346.3191536 x 10.51580419 17.95716499 22.46732155 48.28203631 31.1146412 0.253241313 0.130723717

608 Asulam Soil ug 254.64 254.64 x x x x x x x

609 Atrazine Soil ug 297.0806264 297.08 2.36627E-05 6.63643E-05 1.74573E-05 0.000211706 0.000258212 1.53413E-07 6.25607E-08

610 Barium Soil ug 397.6879612 x 12.25384519 20.20046557 27.41294438 51.03956897 30.13695903 0.310382246 0.158476161

611 Benomyl Soil ng 7.891337085 x 0.002228165 0.003424832 0.003873106 7.660830543 0.019196072 9.09832E-05 1.54796E-05

612 Bentazone Soil mg 11.64226218 3.0557 1.35772E-07 3.52815E-07 1.28466E-07 2.11278E-06 1.74795E-06 2.3132E-08 6.56768E-10

613 Bifenox Soil ug 254.64 254.64 x x x x x x x

614 Boron Soil ug 56.29884432 x 0.297444717 0.478004505 0.590093822 1.590143086 0.872008381 0.007150499 0.007298454

615 Cadmium Soil ug -17.79884265 -49.547 0.001697133 0.004316819 0.001327803 0.020598746 0.018075581 0.000169289 8.8907E-06

616 Calcium Soil mg 3.750648287 x 0.104755491 0.171874167 0.224813752 0.512785501 0.280454379 0.002537655 0.001370599

617 Carbendazim Soil ug 848.81 848.81 x x x x x x x

618 Carbetamide Soil mg 1.779145725 x 5.09998E-08 1.3194E-07 4.81262E-08 7.77315E-07 6.48472E-07 8.29824E-09 2.4812E-10

619 Carbofuran Soil ug 4.326331451 x 0.001221565 0.001877623 0.002123384 4.199958988 0.010524018 4.98805E-05 8.48651E-06

620 Carbon Soil mg 2.449153037 x 0.074178703 0.122527765 0.165197055 0.319049375 0.190700052 0.00189902 0.000969997

621 Chloride Soil mg 25.76744539 x 0.200996494 0.453951326 0.322995625 4.376697484 2.765981546 0.157673214 0.001626211

622 Chlorothalonil Soil ug 1.537722788 x 0.002904801 0.006969686 0.002621122 0.029125279 0.029403688 0.000109629 1.54501E-05

623 Chlorotoluron Soil ug 594.17 594.17 x x x x x x x

624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg 1.9098 1.9098 x x x x x x x

625 Chromium Soil ug 15.39264138 -318.77 0.129149762 0.214536657 0.279666862 0.62696853 0.357017703 0.003920894 0.001663978

626 Chromium VI Soil ug 273.3971777 x 0.295257294 0.416975421 0.235057481 3.212506275 1.519445894 0.005298574 0.023348399

627 Cobalt Soil ng 36.70587545 x 0.430745559 0.663673338 0.349787969 6.821492062 2.699175607 0.004112234 0.006882385

628 Copper Soil mg -12.80903511 -12.764 0.000213986 0.000337369 0.000172629 0.002542018 0.001342808 1.40068E-05 1.47327E-05

629 Cypermethrin Soil ug 2.574726159 x 0.00017368 0.000268195 0.000300948 0.593057225 0.001500962 7.22671E-06 1.20415E-06

630 Fenpiclonil Soil ug 580.2203985 x 0.000123504 0.00029816 0.000111845 0.001289101 0.001275408 5.87786E-06 6.52479E-07

631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil ug 169.76 169.76 x x x x x x x

632 Fluoride Soil ug 224.5811019 x 1.425166121 2.302076556 2.900285015 7.278037881 4.041358645 0.034620497 0.031630471

633 Fluroxypyr Soil ug 636.61 636.61 x x x x x x x

634 Glyphosate Soil mg 419.1544123 419.14 8.41503E-05 0.000201544 9.82851E-05 0.009817055 0.001364649 4.12705E-06 3.96471E-07

635 Heat, waste Soil kJ 57.52092698 x 0.032220532 0.037081099 0.027174899 0.393874516 0.138802847 0.000737303 0.005315682

636 Iron Soil mg 11.69712506 x 0.200572544 0.446301187 0.283231872 2.866286332 2.568014073 0.001925565 0.001351405

637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil ug 84.881 84.881 x x x x x x x

638 Lead Soil ug 90.60790237 63.635 0.008412622 0.021137937 0.008220224 0.219604564 0.138052404 0.006483952 5.53206E-05

639 Linuron Soil ug 1.377852403 x 0.002069296 0.005381315 0.001953834 0.032070531 0.026601822 0.000349324 9.96655E-06

640 Magnesium Soil ug 700.4946122 x 20.36422841 33.47768295 44.47783747 93.46098078 52.66164282 0.502633733 0.265158697

641 Mancozeb Soil ug 1.997185072 x 0.003772737 0.009052186 0.003404298 0.037827737 0.038189332 0.000142386 2.00665E-05

642 Manganese Soil ug 71.26466175 x 1.447721839 2.324676746 2.571880632 11.29067595 5.036691809 0.028011197 0.019639322

643 Mecoprop Soil ug 509.28 509.28 x x x x x x x

644 Mercury Soil ng 632.9455426 x 0.006676537 0.014574113 0.006007277 0.130490976 0.102997769 0.00056969 0.000158037

645 Metaldehyde Soil ug 17.02005185 x 1.03467E-05 2.6628E-05 9.73296E-06 0.000153821 0.000129632 1.59058E-06 5.06752E-08

646 Metolachlor Soil mg 5.442369007 5.4324 1.48347E-05 3.85492E-05 1.40364E-05 0.000230847 0.000190984 2.52745E-06 7.17598E-08

647 Metribuzin Soil mg 2.037170322 2.0371 1.3284E-07 3.18733E-07 1.19868E-07 1.33194E-06 1.34467E-06 5.0135E-09 7.06554E-10

648 Molybdenum Soil ng 8.03652523 x 0.09275417 0.147127913 0.075983219 1.536387842 0.689203802 0.001356835 0.00166251

649 Napropamide Soil ug 30.11233673 x 1.83056E-05 4.7111E-05 1.72198E-05 0.000272144 0.000229348 2.81409E-06 8.96559E-08

650 Nickel Soil mg -4.211017853 -4.2364 1.21563E-05 3.22511E-05 9.69329E-06 0.000170303 0.000142808 2.10589E-06 5.2697E-08

651 Oils, biogenic Soil ug 264.1896742 x 1.91627654 4.929237737 1.784294821 24.82039784 25.04783038 0.006493109 0.007906036

652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg 136.9264921 x 2.335744415 4.596550563 6.588164934 52.39617866 4.695606601 0.078572659 0.046454126

653 Orbencarb Soil ng 379.7466811 x 0.717351896 1.721191367 0.647296464 7.192602034 7.261356146 0.02707339 0.003815463

654 Pendimethalin Soil mg 14.769 14.769 x x x x x x x

655 Phosphorus Soil ug 59.0585372 x 1.45391937 2.366184523 2.925890084 8.628494347 4.293722654 0.032553867 0.019245496

656 Pirimicarb Soil ug 812.2327353 x 1.28431E-05 3.3374E-05 1.2152E-05 0.000199856 0.000165345 2.18814E-06 6.2126E-08

657 Potassium Soil ug 385.6527737 x 9.848557566 16.06512116 20.21550571 55.32801155 28.21398524 0.225693434 0.129829238

658 Silicon Soil ug 247.9579521 x 4.443474502 7.127935503 7.097443669 41.44191403 18.3622704 0.07993469 0.062822295

659 Sodium Soil mg 1.689583124 x 0.051416184 0.087515819 0.111491597 0.23012348 0.15021903 0.001767841 0.000640654

660 Strontium Soil ug 8.020188656 x 0.246118137 0.406074008 0.55113774 1.025697137 0.605686833 0.006279802 0.003178975

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time: 3:49:53 PM

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

Soybeans, at

farm, PA, adapted

from ecoinvent

unit

Urea, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonium

nitrate, as N, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Ammonia, liquid,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Diammonium

phosphate, as

P2O5, at regional

storehouse/RER U

Potassium

chloride, as K2O,

at regional

storehouse/RER U

Lime, from

carbonation, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Phenoxy-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

661 Sulfur Soil ug 497.7660305 x 14.93970739 24.61786846 33.08822378 65.22423046 38.03482886 0.376419933 0.194596617

662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg 120.3630623 x 4.547811581 12.75509478 3.355172992 40.68797292 49.62793391 0.029484319 0.012020878

663 Tebutam Soil ug 71.3522598 x 4.33758E-05 0.000111631 4.0803E-05 0.000644854 0.000543448 6.6681E-06 2.12443E-07

664 Teflubenzuron Soil ng 4.688144373 x 0.008856033 0.021248885 0.007991167 0.088795922 0.089644722 0.000334233 4.71036E-05

665 Thiram Soil ng 14.00017135 x 0.00395303 0.006076059 0.00687135 13.59122531 0.034056117 0.000161415 2.74627E-05

666 Tin Soil ng 3.693142154 x 0.045810288 0.121079856 0.040091809 1.028492576 1.064922219 0.003370871 0.001640356

667 Titanium Soil ug 2.716645001 x 0.032188085 0.048757145 0.026007135 0.496354842 0.180288402 0.000213718 0.000478521

668 Trifluralin Soil mg 17.825 17.825 x x x x x x x

669 Vanadium Soil ng 77.75895028 x 0.921325017 1.395584151 0.744406639 14.2072509 5.160425203 0.006117272 0.013696787

670 Zinc Soil mg -37.7193605 -39.153 0.000713914 0.00148859 0.001209409 0.01209943 0.008038473 0.00045152 6.86649E-06

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 253.756797

2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw ug 18.30732634

3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 141.2218407

4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg 21.30634176

5 Borax, in ground Raw ug 2.005545207

6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw ug 248.1101645

7 Calcite, in ground Raw g 13.87207637

8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw kg 1.429871871

9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg 5.464717019

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.31084E-08

11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 183.1460705

12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw ug 7.788868468

13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw ng 753.9249503

14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg 201.9927388

15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g 4.656626122

16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g 16.0244507

17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g 23.94106024

18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng 532.7033401

19 Colemanite, in ground Raw ug 806.8314348

20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.00408659

21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 82.72247776

22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 21.94331927

23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 109.2375392

24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng 68.93376843

25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg 33.93968596

26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ 21.19969113

27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J 378.8576591

28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ 8.041183054

29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ 343.087256

30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J 207.4444973

31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng 112.9206246

32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.810145826

33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 2.519334774

34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg 54.3373821

35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -7.70738E-13

36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg 593.663816

37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm3 229.3813705

38 Gas, natural, in ground Raw l 27.71213884

39 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 330.1318872

40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 605.3455118

41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 724.8279305

42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.107082434

43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 274.3837805

44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 657.1841905

45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.017427884

46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.14725536

47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 68.74496255

48 Granite, in ground Raw pg 396.7692293

49 Gravel, in ground Raw g 91.54284517

50 Gypsum, in ground Raw ug 42.88719506

51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw ng 2.993747091

52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw ug 4.163326833

53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 14.82154416

54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.068367961

55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 39.08888909

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.000986376 0.001529822 0.000389214 0.000899777 0.003485913 0.04888061 0.702580818 0.008531069

9.95161E-06 1.63706E-05 3.13679E-06 1.01661E-05 3.19331E-05 0.000359407 0.005347421 8.28298E-05

0.010368872 0.018123174 0.002865364 0.011439769 0.033052489 0.286620749 4.222595676 0.085224018

0.000160217 0.000246804 6.50414E-05 0.000137695 0.000604097 0.008384235 0.110661716 0.001429081

1.1707E-05 2.09731E-05 3.7645E-06 1.535E-05 3.23817E-05 0.000402719 0.008791966 9.01264E-05

9.30546E-05 0.000152291 3.72845E-05 9.08771E-05 0.000343615 0.004488227 0.06393153 0.000814461

7.3452E-05 0.000120731 2.62618E-05 7.65365E-05 0.000241906 0.003092938 0.049805269 0.000608612

7.82056E-08 1.37431E-07 2.63365E-08 9.94774E-08 2.17363E-07 2.78874E-06 5.96147E-05 6.03276E-07

2.04689E-06 3.62644E-06 5.87438E-07 2.28344E-06 6.67354E-06 5.50639E-05 0.000893407 1.62792E-05

-3.72643E-13 -6.25869E-13 -1.06969E-13 -4.17736E-13 -1.07193E-12 -1.21213E-11 -2.03689E-10 -3.04043E-12

0.000573412 0.000877575 0.000229135 0.000499132 0.002092926 0.029541428 0.405174457 0.005036468

0.000642128 0.000929007 0.00026951 0.000476898 0.002479339 0.036227974 0.449276949 0.005821959

0.059667864 0.086362063 0.025031137 0.044380083 0.230242764 3.363841048 41.7575085 0.540811569

0.001315051 0.002234198 0.00041843 0.001406612 0.004291447 0.045374006 0.712396141 0.010775875

3.22929E-05 4.85924E-05 1.30399E-05 2.65524E-05 0.000120594 0.001692287 0.022110807 0.000286839

0.000880684 0.001568405 0.000278879 0.001157455 0.002368023 0.030037709 0.671997774 0.006706907

0.000522759 0.000924276 0.000276173 0.000672295 0.001439716 0.018160043 0.434706335 0.00401143

0.001630985 0.002643609 0.000577354 0.0015592 0.005730232 0.068405796 0.933412561 0.014051604

0.010540495 0.017639117 0.003711265 0.01195871 0.032281948 0.439876755 7.979352878 0.084994975

0.000156775 0.000266679 5.40615E-05 0.00018466 0.000468201 0.006280491 0.119124727 0.001248607

0.000867194 0.001475737 0.000298853 0.001022498 0.002587654 0.034700007 0.659082457 0.006903863

0.000230036 0.00039146 7.9275E-05 0.000271232 0.000686412 0.009204673 0.174831041 0.001831348

0.001144041 0.001945882 0.00039456 0.001347257 0.003417149 0.045842425 0.8692951 0.009112138

9.50666E-05 0.000165759 3.16512E-05 0.00011733 0.000276044 0.003538542 0.070683388 0.000747898

0.000117244 0.000190783 4.20267E-05 0.000114257 0.000406393 0.004842089 0.072557283 0.000974138

7.42927E-07 1.30229E-06 2.5268E-07 9.39095E-07 2.07758E-06 2.67054E-05 0.000565973 5.74498E-06

0.000141907 0.000251413 4.07259E-05 0.000158307 0.000462663 0.003817466 0.061938087 0.001128602

0.000362018 0.00064475 0.000114619 0.000475677 0.000973691 0.012331046 0.276110929 0.002755185

0.002302794 0.004083734 0.000734729 0.002981043 0.006293366 0.078539371 1.74216158 0.017477529

0.0051737 0.009213755 0.001638402 0.006798684 0.013914186 0.176427671 3.946972187 0.039397758

0.001845291 0.00323145 0.000607133 0.002343926 0.005130285 0.067497536 1.433827952 0.014227891

8.31776E-06 1.38113E-05 2.5991E-06 8.41511E-06 2.75018E-05 0.000292536 0.004132614 6.976E-05

3.67517E-09 6.10383E-09 1.14965E-09 3.71968E-09 1.21552E-08 1.2933E-07 1.8284E-06 3.08221E-08

0.000276271 0.000463902 8.63235E-05 0.000292324 0.000886893 0.00964704 0.147921762 0.002285061

-1.61367E-17 -2.32424E-17 -6.87621E-18 -1.18184E-17 -6.28154E-17 -9.23955E-16 -1.14118E-14 -1.46817E-16

0.014672166 0.026129291 0.004646398 0.01928003 0.039460473 0.500323266 11.19304337 0.111727154

0.005089679 0.008998097 0.002680646 0.006544189 0.014020502 0.176881427 4.228833653 0.039062589

0.001305724 0.002241168 0.000423654 0.001237691 0.004589141 0.022598166 0.715375691 0.007174781

0.002645107 0.003793434 0.001128856 0.001909214 0.010358624 0.152716035 1.868392493 0.024142175

0.004850193 0.006955821 0.002069923 0.003500825 0.018994066 0.28002737 3.425973182 0.044268238

0.005807519 0.008328753 0.002478483 0.004191814 0.022743093 0.335298861 4.102187941 0.053005853

8.87025E-06 1.27211E-05 3.78557E-06 6.40246E-06 3.47372E-05 0.000512126 0.00626557 8.09597E-05

0.002198438 0.003152852 0.00093823 0.001586812 0.008609403 0.126927461 1.552884188 0.020065378

0.005265539 0.007551482 0.002247181 0.003800618 0.02062062 0.304007477 3.71935593 0.048059142

8.15191E-06 1.16909E-05 3.479E-06 5.88397E-06 3.19241E-05 0.000470653 0.005758167 7.44034E-05

9.19212E-06 1.31827E-05 3.92293E-06 6.63479E-06 3.59977E-05 0.00053071 0.00649293 8.38975E-05

0.000550803 0.000789925 0.000235067 0.000397565 0.002157027 0.031800799 0.389064419 0.005027242

0.002619782 0.004107804 0.001026283 0.00238267 0.009280916 0.118987825 1.83107172 0.021439352

0.000241494 0.000395942 9.03525E-05 0.000241714 0.000834025 0.010252141 0.157430502 0.002017838

0.000236247 0.000400799 7.69697E-05 0.000252741 0.000762411 0.007754364 0.140891745 0.001808047

7.40828E-05 0.000131932 2.34606E-05 9.7349E-05 0.000199244 0.002526235 0.05651606 0.000564134

2.25195E-06 3.78682E-06 8.43362E-07 2.43611E-06 7.61173E-06 9.86983E-05 0.00160037 1.8912E-05

4.85429E-05 7.91396E-05 1.74218E-05 4.72797E-05 0.000169102 0.002002245 0.029832426 0.000403939

7.08643E-06 1.21748E-05 2.92142E-06 8.47605E-06 2.09625E-05 0.000272537 0.005460334 5.61304E-05

3.8034E-05 6.59365E-05 1.39921E-05 4.63904E-05 0.000111157 0.001432979 0.028752725 0.000299864

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 1.24496E-07

57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 17.50147047

58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 94.5737695

59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw ug 3.238612422

60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.55670409

61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw ug 356.5517448

62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.030038084

63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 288.2272226

64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 5.427874893

65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.056153456

66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 10.95245625

67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.16347E-08

68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 4.174856793

69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 555.466328

70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a 3.896625595

71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a 15.6372166

72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a 800.6297529

73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a 12.91227928

74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a 339.2332293

75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a 145.5402108

76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a 95.03643738

77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a 153.4156738

78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a 0.116640473

79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a 12.07598472

80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a 73.2284416

81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a 581.3958713

82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a 1.573841087

83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a 63.19536794

84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a 78.56947856

85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a 86.87971

86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a 170.0764323

87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a 672.7549508

88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw cm2a 23.58402121

89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a 277.9364652

90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a 250.4407973

91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 33.89261457

92 Olivine, in ground Raw ug 8.895134736

93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 110.7495405

94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 266.1635234

95 Peat, in ground Raw mg 10.71293276

96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 10.0346554

97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 7.240583294

98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 2.55217E-09

99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 2.863189413

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 10.26411308

101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 1.1545807

102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 3.616294526

103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 1.685978283

104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.04831E-11

105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw ug 883.2375972

106 Shale, in ground Raw ug 51.82970769

107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw ug 7.34678346

108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.24111503

109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 483.8460782

110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.105046686

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

5.78147E-13 9.81285E-13 1.8072E-13 6.39026E-13 1.79767E-12 2.01197E-11 3.30292E-10 4.73807E-12

9.04018E-05 0.000161207 2.86803E-05 0.000118704 0.000244857 0.003085219 0.069081286 0.000686984

0.000621211 0.001005937 0.000226441 0.00058759 0.0022152 0.026201336 0.375279958 0.005223557

3.80444E-05 6.48085E-05 1.31347E-05 4.49507E-05 0.000112796 0.001498193 0.028589939 0.000302581

7.87127E-05 0.000127715 3.04176E-05 7.52837E-05 0.000287419 0.003664988 0.050795255 0.000688216

0.001434209 0.002240026 0.000563661 0.001335286 0.005022704 0.070361804 1.031888842 0.012333347

2.12605E-05 3.61617E-05 7.33238E-06 2.5037E-05 6.35033E-05 0.000851922 0.016154723 0.000169337

0.003021536 0.005141862 0.001041283 0.003562657 0.009016078 0.120904099 2.296419448 0.024054905

2.73848E-05 4.44514E-05 1.05625E-05 2.62135E-05 9.98999E-05 0.001271479 0.017617759 0.000239385

1.10718E-05 1.88414E-05 3.81558E-06 1.30547E-05 3.30377E-05 0.00044303 0.008414789 8.81446E-05

5.52508E-05 8.96873E-05 2.13098E-05 5.28917E-05 0.000201551 0.002565102 0.035543941 0.00048297

-1.33909E-13 -2.22409E-13 -3.76935E-14 -1.4565E-13 -3.88557E-13 -4.31637E-12 -6.8148E-11 -1.10541E-12

1.15206E-06 1.90948E-06 4.04304E-07 1.25843E-06 3.60129E-06 4.71966E-05 0.000809959 9.41768E-06

0.001778941 0.002762225 0.000695726 0.001582232 0.006457165 0.08757258 1.210963661 0.015472494

4.88399E-11 8.53492E-11 1.96793E-11 5.61727E-11 1.64238E-10 1.98672E-09 3.37096E-08 4.09751E-10

3.40139E-06 5.80638E-06 1.08223E-06 3.65509E-06 1.12269E-05 0.000119773 0.00180875 2.8389E-05

0.006033023 0.010339782 0.002626747 0.00719776 0.017819874 0.233258755 4.719315352 0.047797733

0.000948196 0.001651541 0.000271542 0.001011052 0.003097309 0.023672604 0.412049079 0.007186735

0.000450283 0.000697044 0.000183041 0.000405712 0.001613182 0.022613143 0.321220323 0.003919062

0.000505191 0.000849776 0.000225151 0.000576121 0.001545305 0.020615589 0.393473506 0.004069311

3.55973E-05 6.3067E-05 1.02161E-05 3.97112E-05 0.000116059 0.000957611 0.015537168 0.00028311

0.007354031 0.012910023 0.002367703 0.008486977 0.022590011 0.218852894 3.572815859 0.060908545

6.90518E-06 1.20502E-05 1.95958E-06 7.49748E-06 2.22609E-05 0.000180208 0.002999285 5.38188E-05

1.52728E-05 2.32608E-05 6.07736E-06 1.2988E-05 5.63359E-05 0.000785079 0.010466695 0.000134892

0.00054652 0.000851483 0.000210536 0.000493394 0.001954788 0.026484147 0.364158247 0.004777188

0.002894618 0.005064369 0.001094996 0.003549046 0.008386625 0.100287567 2.064155918 0.022671882

5.07451E-05 9.00608E-05 1.45193E-05 5.67587E-05 0.000165344 0.001352628 0.0220451 0.000402991

5.5889E-05 8.79374E-05 2.13516E-05 5.22205E-05 0.000195735 0.002635567 0.038958895 0.000474091

0.000519333 0.000798409 0.000222218 0.000453737 0.001900329 0.026495183 0.366556327 0.00456996

0.000574263 0.000882856 0.000245721 0.000501728 0.002101325 0.029297558 0.405326695 0.005053322

0.000547084 0.000915401 0.000241277 0.000611943 0.001709583 0.022799266 0.420411318 0.004449198

0.001365929 0.002585332 0.0004851 0.001723749 0.004860264 0.049577755 0.811463487 0.011662557

2.30694E-09 4.03914E-09 7.05352E-10 2.58837E-09 7.393E-09 7.00731E-08 1.09885E-06 1.89888E-08

0.004828746 0.008568361 0.001544525 0.006206227 0.013346125 0.16269684 3.549661887 0.03689157

0.002076872 0.003781927 0.00067948 0.002758056 0.005905676 0.070642799 1.526232088 0.016148763

0.001786921 0.003133384 0.000480155 0.002016088 0.005603131 0.052111401 0.688756985 0.015427332

3.92697E-06 6.46004E-06 1.26307E-06 4.03117E-06 1.26268E-05 0.000145348 0.002207906 3.25967E-05

0.026936466 0.03466837 0.00619117 0.01829694 0.069364565 0.891614752 8.903501267 0.228726041

0.064736206 0.083318232 0.014879193 0.043972899 0.166703335 2.142811004 21.39771738 0.549695568

7.70686E-06 1.21593E-05 2.92969E-06 6.75904E-06 2.79402E-05 0.000314574 0.005073713 5.93411E-05

1.46966E-08 2.44089E-08 4.60091E-09 1.48795E-08 4.85967E-08 5.17453E-07 7.32282E-06 1.23243E-07

3.3271E-05 5.5245E-05 1.03964E-05 3.36604E-05 0.000110007 0.001170143 0.016530457 0.00027904

9.28647E-15 1.5781E-14 2.95944E-15 1.01783E-14 2.95002E-14 3.28563E-13 5.31476E-12 7.63394E-14

0.000644827 0.000846307 0.000149075 0.000460786 0.001648936 0.021089852 0.224561486 0.005435722

0.002311611 0.003033887 0.000534411 0.001651851 0.005911192 0.07560402 0.805019915 0.019486263

0.000609229 0.000785054 0.00013812 0.000416825 0.001553209 0.019872702 0.199209562 0.005160593

0.001908184 0.002458889 0.00043261 0.00130555 0.004864848 0.062243846 0.623949856 0.016163637

4.88505E-05 8.75775E-05 1.33591E-05 5.69361E-05 0.000155845 0.001416987 0.019213038 0.000422329

-3.73428E-15 -5.95E-15 -9.49391E-16 -3.64221E-15 -1.09518E-14 -1.13296E-13 -1.36185E-12 -3.20414E-14

0.007215305 0.012712187 0.002321113 0.009232792 0.019909321 0.254000771 5.444804392 0.055542432

2.81747E-05 4.63478E-05 8.88088E-06 2.87819E-05 9.04086E-05 0.001017559 0.015139748 0.000234505

5.99481E-05 8.65301E-05 2.54075E-05 4.42206E-05 0.000232797 0.003423192 0.042435569 0.000544726

4.27809E-05 6.17572E-05 1.81295E-05 3.15683E-05 0.000166109 0.002442458 0.030284458 0.000388706

0.00394849 0.005699441 0.001673424 0.002912811 0.015332739 0.225460061 2.795043359 0.035877882

9.01788E-06 1.30168E-05 3.8219E-06 6.65251E-06 3.50181E-05 0.000514924 0.006383545 8.19408E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.083185756

112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 714.6999076

113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw mg 647.9570977

114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw ng 2.59855021

115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg 14.7118027

116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng 7.163705344

117 Sulfur, in ground Raw ug 698.9137468

118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw ug 72.22090363

119 Talc, in ground Raw ug 100.4394658

120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.789755322

121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 786.1803555

122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 272.0235687

123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 49.70805564

124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 356.2308961

125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2 0.238917492

126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9018594

127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.030786715

128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.4025038

130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2 35.47653695

133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2 122.8104571

134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2 0.443581802

136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.000700736

137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2 0.002582382

138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 0.004405239

139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2 22.59128924

140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2 84.55773651

141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2 189.8393534

142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2 12.93035657

143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 13.94327275

144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2 3.394173617

145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2 47.56853577

146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2 2.07156855

147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9208422

148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.050303529

149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2 3.529041444

150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2 12.91227928

151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.40251145

153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2 18.52009544

156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2 2.261665399

157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2 119.28239

159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2 3.394173617

160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2 1.727180552

161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2 1.97197038

162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.018077486

163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2 4.660827364

164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 1.528184288

165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2 76.36595815

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

8.83948E-06 1.27593E-05 3.74629E-06 6.52091E-06 3.43254E-05 0.000504737 0.006257261 8.03198E-05

0.005832403 0.008418773 0.002471852 0.004302579 0.022648333 0.333032114 4.12862125 0.052996025

0.024663688 0.036064172 0.010213356 0.018885922 0.094128051 1.362227473 17.15756371 0.222208349

2.41148E-06 3.96186E-06 8.66706E-07 2.51749E-06 7.8745E-06 9.88148E-05 0.001719051 1.91308E-05

6.74728E-05 0.000112167 2.09526E-05 6.83759E-05 0.00022272 0.002351892 0.033145953 0.00056581

9.87947E-06 1.72259E-05 3.28925E-06 1.21931E-05 2.8687E-05 0.000367731 0.007345529 7.77228E-05

0.001472638 0.002419079 0.00051507 0.001568779 0.004682624 0.061471763 1.022960308 0.012117385

5.52241E-09 8.52561E-09 2.14217E-09 4.73235E-09 2.03802E-08 2.6685E-07 3.52245E-06 4.82604E-08

0.000719755 0.001198361 0.000310837 0.00079597 0.002260766 0.030208398 0.548655167 0.005863538

4.70808E-05 6.78746E-05 1.99802E-05 3.4588E-05 0.000183121 0.002694064 0.03331371 0.000428166

0.006417249 0.009263733 0.002719475 0.004735329 0.024916692 0.3663748 4.542744449 0.058306874

0.002115684 0.003064142 0.000894113 0.001573886 0.008194486 0.119994672 1.493443603 0.019186233

0.000186417 0.000316607 5.94882E-05 0.000204082 0.000592596 0.006609965 0.106795632 0.001532954

0.000302492 0.000442586 0.000127759 0.000229112 0.001174728 0.017007563 0.211815705 0.002744397

2.98077E-06 5.23459E-06 9.71059E-07 3.79393E-06 8.27603E-06 0.000106991 0.002276921 2.29802E-05

9.01016E-09 1.57476E-08 3.63001E-09 1.03648E-08 3.03005E-08 3.66447E-07 6.21782E-06 7.55934E-08

1.19593E-07 1.85463E-07 4.71978E-08 1.09058E-07 4.22728E-07 5.92797E-06 8.51808E-05 1.03445E-06

4.49456E-06 7.17297E-06 1.70793E-06 4.31159E-06 1.56353E-05 0.000203999 0.003160003 3.72485E-05

6.50892E-06 1.01334E-05 2.49861E-06 5.95993E-06 2.29182E-05 0.000315346 0.00451537 5.60884E-05

1.4922E-07 2.40293E-07 5.4615E-08 1.47027E-07 5.09302E-07 6.65868E-06 9.90954E-05 1.27039E-06

1.46923E-08 2.45994E-08 5.16637E-09 1.6007E-08 4.75374E-08 6.05288E-07 1.00861E-05 1.21258E-07

0.002519327 0.004416782 0.000690336 0.002810066 0.007983606 0.070414403 1.014481765 0.020973348

0.000383539 0.000640836 0.000168082 0.000429893 0.001189078 0.015948658 0.296257531 0.003108935

1.27134E-06 2.2524E-06 3.64862E-07 1.41826E-06 4.14498E-06 3.42006E-05 0.000554901 1.01111E-05

1.04129E-05 1.81401E-05 3.33235E-06 1.13838E-05 3.31954E-05 0.000250824 0.006519105 6.65884E-05

2.84411E-08 4.88609E-08 9.3098E-09 2.73002E-08 9.91464E-08 5.03605E-07 1.62331E-05 1.54968E-07

1.18573E-08 1.96931E-08 3.70273E-09 1.2002E-08 3.91924E-08 4.1655E-07 5.88674E-06 9.94302E-08

2.02271E-08 3.35942E-08 6.31642E-09 2.0474E-08 6.68576E-08 7.10586E-07 1.00421E-05 1.69616E-07

5.37169E-05 9.30397E-05 1.84737E-05 6.48987E-05 0.000157812 0.001974366 0.039124592 0.000421595

3.87331E-05 6.47826E-05 1.34939E-05 4.1643E-05 0.000124261 0.001454709 0.026894277 0.000298155

7.34662E-08 1.28422E-07 2.95965E-08 8.45399E-08 2.47025E-07 2.98679E-06 5.06972E-05 6.16318E-07

0.000948578 0.001652177 0.000271665 0.001011432 0.003098607 0.023685997 0.41224033 0.007189898

2.20229E-05 3.68226E-05 7.7323E-06 2.45508E-05 6.86314E-05 0.000902149 0.016043493 0.000177746

1.27134E-06 2.2524E-06 3.64862E-07 1.41826E-06 4.14498E-06 3.42006E-05 0.000554901 1.01111E-05

0.000308318 0.000524975 0.00012071 0.000349712 0.000972277 0.012117991 0.219228196 0.002499798

5.00806E-05 8.88943E-05 1.65511E-05 6.52555E-05 0.000135884 0.001725454 0.038303496 0.000382679

9.01758E-09 1.57606E-08 3.63301E-09 1.03734E-08 3.03255E-08 3.6675E-07 6.22294E-06 7.56558E-08

2.47696E-07 3.78637E-07 9.88457E-08 2.15199E-07 8.993E-07 1.26159E-05 0.000173152 2.1702E-06

4.6356E-05 7.98295E-05 2.04091E-05 5.59855E-05 0.000135496 0.001767781 0.036502622 0.000365608

0.000948196 0.001651541 0.000271542 0.001011052 0.003097309 0.023672604 0.412049079 0.007186735

4.49456E-06 7.17297E-06 1.70793E-06 4.31159E-06 1.56353E-05 0.000203999 0.003160003 3.72485E-05

6.50895E-06 1.01335E-05 2.49863E-06 5.95997E-06 2.29183E-05 0.000315348 0.004515397 5.60887E-05

1.4922E-07 2.40293E-07 5.4615E-08 1.47027E-07 5.09302E-07 6.65868E-06 9.90954E-05 1.27039E-06

1.46923E-08 2.45994E-08 5.16637E-09 1.6007E-08 4.75374E-08 6.05288E-07 1.00861E-05 1.21258E-07

2.50814E-05 4.08644E-05 9.17686E-06 2.50333E-05 8.56591E-05 0.001068246 0.016603003 0.000208116

2.99905E-06 4.64267E-06 1.21911E-06 2.70234E-06 1.07442E-05 0.000150607 0.002139464 2.61021E-05

1.27134E-06 2.2524E-06 3.64862E-07 1.41826E-06 4.14498E-06 3.42006E-05 0.000554901 1.01111E-05

0.000375975 0.000628509 0.000164976 0.000422104 0.001164012 0.015617721 0.290839221 0.003045876

1.27134E-06 2.2524E-06 3.64862E-07 1.41826E-06 4.14498E-06 3.42006E-05 0.000554901 1.01111E-05

0.000109576 0.000196843 3.06577E-05 0.000126241 0.000354938 0.002996938 0.045163967 0.0009053

4.47871E-05 7.87114E-05 2.12615E-05 5.48748E-05 0.000129549 0.001436974 0.034414558 0.000330547

3.82118E-07 6.3547E-07 1.2233E-07 3.80047E-07 1.29795E-06 1.33936E-05 0.000191251 3.16226E-06

3.39726E-05 5.24712E-05 1.32225E-05 3.01435E-05 0.000122537 0.001692196 0.023195868 0.000297613

1.27949E-05 2.03388E-05 4.75878E-06 1.21296E-05 4.46946E-05 0.000589751 0.008331144 0.000110863

0.00251777 0.004400836 0.000699566 0.002800425 0.007980025 0.071750474 1.042624656 0.02095103

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2 15.49896915

167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2 0.022155173

168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2 0.000700736

169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 12.62082956

170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2 0.182825133

171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2 0.200956548

172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2 1.270708625

173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2 8.324954062

174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2 0.749724906

175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2 46.97784871

176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2 7.023794813

177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2 2.948997529

178 Ulexite, in ground Raw ug 17.71444276

179 Uranium, in ground Raw mg 3.021344777

180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw ug 3.271237393

181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3 6.122266826

182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3 1.389087227

183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw m3day 2.539535745

184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3 21.94702638

185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 4.034436613

186 Water, lake Raw cm3 3.41722569

187 Water, river Raw l 244.8971048

188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3 147.167863

189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3 20.05196571

190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw m3 2.165613793

191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 3.020068325

192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3 282.626658

193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3 717.6112637

194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3 35.14327364

195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3 6.609258372

196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3 0.05291173

197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 73.85098246

198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 7.912477782

199 1-Propanol Air ng 2.689821984

200 1,4-Butanediol Air ng 1.922256508

201 2-Propanol Air ug 35.87912393

202 Acenaphthene Air pg 121.4386385

203 Acetaldehyde Air ug 173.141269

204 Acetic acid Air ug 492.9186604

205 Acetone Air ug 97.89734992

206 Acetonitrile Air ug 3.690145556

207 Acrolein Air ng 753.4392153

208 Acrylic acid Air ng 92.83125174

209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 62.03516477

210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 832.2435503

211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air ug 3.293511172

212 Aluminum Air mg 8.049647145

213 Ammonia Air mg 221.7479399

214 Ammonium carbonate Air ng 339.9613584

215 Antimony Air ug 8.215932155

216 Antimony-124 Air nBq 73.6193492

217 Antimony-125 Air nBq 768.279768

218 Argon-41 Air mBq 273.2801672

219 Arsenic Air ug 67.57493953

220 Arsine Air pg 1.082071085

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

5.96981E-06 1.02335E-05 1.9544E-06 5.63549E-06 2.10169E-05 0.000102576 0.003341388 3.22038E-05

7.14345E-07 1.2678E-06 2.04389E-07 7.98999E-07 2.32757E-06 1.90411E-05 0.000310332 5.67296E-06

2.84411E-08 4.88609E-08 9.3098E-09 2.73002E-08 9.91464E-08 5.03605E-07 1.62331E-05 1.54968E-07

1.11674E-05 1.75713E-05 4.26633E-06 1.04346E-05 3.91103E-05 0.000526609 0.007784554 9.47285E-05

1.20845E-06 1.85784E-06 5.17083E-07 1.05581E-06 4.42192E-06 6.16523E-05 0.000852948 1.06339E-05

1.3283E-06 2.04208E-06 5.68364E-07 1.16052E-06 4.86046E-06 6.77665E-05 0.000937538 1.16886E-05

3.86543E-06 6.44508E-06 1.68863E-06 4.30177E-06 1.20749E-05 0.000162069 0.002973863 3.14424E-05

1.75795E-05 3.29576E-05 6.16277E-06 2.21491E-05 6.09691E-05 0.000635384 0.010797968 0.0001479

7.48539E-06 1.23962E-05 2.62972E-06 8.11237E-06 2.37926E-05 0.000313504 0.005262058 6.17176E-05

4.59527E-09 8.0457E-09 1.40502E-09 5.15586E-09 1.47264E-08 1.39581E-07 2.18883E-06 3.78245E-08

4.6546E-05 8.075E-05 1.5642E-05 5.5753E-05 0.000138606 0.001679777 0.032753159 0.000365756

2.43861E-05 4.4084E-05 7.92477E-06 3.21974E-05 6.85008E-05 0.000833394 0.018096549 0.000188746

0.000682849 0.001207999 0.000218786 0.000883328 0.00186541 0.023815586 0.519487379 0.00523257

3.50121E-05 6.23231E-05 1.10988E-05 4.59546E-05 9.42857E-05 0.001196076 0.026700944 0.000266777

4.18735E-05 7.28864E-05 2.01367E-05 5.08628E-05 0.000122597 0.001503042 0.031573176 0.000332396

7.22075E-05 0.000128537 2.28886E-05 9.47841E-05 0.000194432 0.002466511 0.05506997 0.000550172

1.82791E-05 3.25407E-05 5.79342E-06 2.39982E-05 4.92107E-05 0.00062427 0.013941778 0.000139266

1.5649E-05 2.77777E-05 4.97996E-06 2.02036E-05 4.28995E-05 0.000523363 0.011771472 0.000117634

0.000110519 0.000188414 3.46658E-05 0.000119064 0.000350251 0.003320716 0.063518469 0.00082402

8.52298E-05 0.000150902 2.68487E-05 0.00010943 0.000235004 0.002913594 0.062086027 0.00065926

4.42139E-05 7.69681E-05 2.12179E-05 5.37327E-05 0.000129368 0.001586577 0.033343211 0.000350878

1.70439E-05 3.02708E-05 5.36679E-06 2.20786E-05 4.65628E-05 0.000577612 0.012515081 0.00013126

0.003717451 0.006544227 0.001161262 0.004436919 0.011021126 0.107942609 2.441104951 0.026737999

0.001415563 0.002483211 0.000379864 0.001597984 0.004436917 0.041144229 0.544517246 0.01221271

1.83686E-05 3.25816E-05 5.86239E-06 2.38948E-05 4.99339E-05 0.000634753 0.013974458 0.000140414

6.24979E-06 1.0637E-05 1.89452E-06 6.65843E-06 2.03975E-05 0.000211822 0.002960883 5.32205E-05

0.004333484 0.007514749 0.00155662 0.005328683 0.012423586 0.160605786 3.278057408 0.033948468

0.020404995 0.036247033 0.007312336 0.026612843 0.055334726 0.699922831 15.81715174 0.155651927

1.31635E-05 2.33214E-05 3.77778E-06 1.46847E-05 4.29172E-05 0.000354113 0.005745448 0.00010469

5.23628E-05 9.11257E-05 1.72829E-05 6.50894E-05 0.000148716 0.001929863 0.039565592 0.000407804

9.7616E-08 1.6029E-07 3.14999E-08 1.00175E-07 3.13238E-07 3.64103E-06 5.56211E-05 8.09518E-07

0.000223758 0.000330375 9.36199E-05 0.000172945 0.000866197 0.012422187 0.155146153 0.002028142

6.34944E-05 9.11094E-05 2.70817E-05 4.59151E-05 0.000248477 0.003662465 0.044857956 0.000579303

6.6662E-05 0.000118717 2.11106E-05 8.75978E-05 0.000179286 0.002273182 0.050854933 0.000507625

1.55055E-05 2.22901E-05 6.6004E-06 1.12826E-05 6.05335E-05 0.000891586 0.010961084 0.000141288

0.000287408 0.000412148 0.000122668 0.000207391 0.00112565 0.016595868 0.203007478 0.00262335

0.006146958 0.010944429 0.001947245 0.008070677 0.016546078 0.209551114 4.687283861 0.04679089

0.004495619 0.010821643 0.001484444 0.007923184 0.017693615 0.11165765 2.211328853 0.039630705

0.018361643 0.044096768 0.005945612 0.03245085 0.070911256 0.440445577 9.023794285 0.160524766

0.004781042 0.011250804 0.001594077 0.008183533 0.018637203 0.126051879 2.432637642 0.042037494

1.3822E-06 2.44881E-06 3.96678E-07 1.54194E-06 4.50643E-06 3.71828E-05 0.000603289 1.09928E-05

0.008712885 0.012620586 0.003674925 0.006497075 0.033683644 0.493943964 6.154742301 0.079010181

0.000743801 0.001066716 0.000317431 0.000536879 0.002912813 0.042943172 0.525391015 0.006788728

0.000601718 0.001064387 0.000192925 0.000778039 0.001645351 0.021012296 0.457544912 0.004614379

0.015441841 0.027492994 0.004892819 0.020279997 0.04155558 0.52715636 11.77958045 0.117631926

4.17073E-05 7.32081E-05 1.3139E-05 5.25931E-05 0.000115771 0.001434393 0.030013066 0.000323228

9.33038E-05 0.000161378 4.14523E-05 0.000113485 0.000271547 0.003496915 0.073292142 0.000732827

6.26635E-05 0.000107298 2.55548E-05 7.2837E-05 0.00019207 0.00241579 0.04534734 0.000506822

0.006588607 0.011811563 0.002072118 0.008835918 0.017345286 0.222114648 5.157460358 0.049599647

9.65894E-05 0.000164286 3.31362E-05 0.000113855 0.000287202 0.00384141 0.073009313 0.000768614

6.54928E-05 0.000115815 2.10786E-05 8.44527E-05 0.000180005 0.002293516 0.049613333 0.000503443

0.000683472 0.001208623 0.000219973 0.000881335 0.001878507 0.023934763 0.51775682 0.00525385

0.008160303 0.014533064 0.002583952 0.010723951 0.021944824 0.27820045 6.225322044 0.062133815

0.001045626 0.002058539 0.000352268 0.001465285 0.003478264 0.035418944 0.683117755 0.008652446

8.66999E-06 1.2434E-05 3.70008E-06 6.25804E-06 3.39527E-05 0.000500559 0.006124128 7.91316E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

221 Barium Air ug 11.07973762

222 Barium-140 Air ug 49.97545575

223 Benzal chloride Air pg 0.014691195

224 Benzaldehyde Air ng 384.8203379

225 Benzene Air ug 854.3988106

226 Benzene, ethyl- Air ug 39.75768848

227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ug 66.27807618

228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng 6.323740756

229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air ug 2.321825216

230 Beryllium Air ng 111.2581003

231 Boron Air ug 396.9093214

232 Boron trifluoride Air pg 0.008075709

233 Bromine Air ug 38.76024072

234 Butadiene Air ng 1.072004669

235 Butane Air mg 2.355229899

236 Butanol Air pg 5.958995146

237 Butene Air ug 39.12531967

238 Butyrolactone Air pg 556.266765

239 Cadmium Air ug 26.52268933

240 Calcium Air ug 173.2858231

241 Carbon-14 Air Bq 5.727329725

242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 5.127030081

243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 194.1306277

244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg 55.86977081

245 Carbon disulfide Air mg 1.691388135

246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg 20.16453517

247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg 668.245562

248 Cerium-141 Air ug 12.11518097

249 Cesium-134 Air nBq 580.2392654

250 Cesium-137 Air ug 10.2857558

251 Chlorine Air ug 92.28232764

252 Chloroform Air ng 175.6046639

253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air ng 1.667699741

254 Chromium Air ug 639.0245815

255 Chromium-51 Air nBq 776.3386469

256 Chromium VI Air ug 15.76427111

257 Cobalt Air ug 24.6263121

258 Cobalt-58 Air ug 1.081083652

259 Cobalt-60 Air ug 9.550368198

260 Copper Air ug 284.4360369

261 Cumene Air ug 39.92861473

262 Cyanide Air ug 19.83692977

263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g 1.446886054

264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 849.238493

265 Ethane Air mg 4.733934622

266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng 76.89894798

267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air pg 599.1381127

268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng 137.9267634

269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng 4.405735507

270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air ug 89.34115475

271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air ug 2.507031286

272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air ug 6.036812794

273 Ethanol Air ug 63.6566816

274 Ethene Air ug 530.3167858

275 Ethene, chloro- Air ug 32.41311452

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.000333661 0.000591674 0.000107548 0.000433648 0.000907979 0.011539675 0.253835562 0.002553035

4.44588E-05 7.86191E-05 1.43089E-05 5.73295E-05 0.000122194 0.001556921 0.033679311 0.000341755

5.32397E-08 8.16771E-08 2.12273E-08 4.67059E-08 1.93719E-07 2.73692E-06 3.77643E-05 4.67049E-07

0.004363329 0.006260159 0.001859367 0.003150907 0.017081105 0.251447289 3.072034447 0.039830288

0.021239119 0.037361573 0.006315641 0.025586322 0.062627479 0.681032627 12.07859923 0.173441951

0.0023912 0.004192697 0.000643431 0.002700041 0.007491101 0.069848092 0.927972812 0.020628951

0.000425896 0.000689775 0.000155244 0.000403258 0.00151776 0.017967078 0.257773205 0.003580064

1.5203E-05 2.45295E-05 5.65272E-06 1.54071E-05 5.08878E-05 0.000694496 0.010961151 0.000127654

4.42213E-05 7.86102E-05 1.42312E-05 5.7207E-05 0.000122782 0.001540947 0.033190847 0.000340845

0.000663891 0.001097089 0.000246855 0.000716622 0.002116766 0.028005264 0.478307318 0.005446501

0.022695623 0.040374096 0.007205153 0.029751647 0.061184743 0.777114817 17.31124865 0.173036493

6.47058E-08 9.27973E-08 2.76144E-08 4.6705E-08 2.53396E-07 3.73577E-06 4.57056E-05 5.90575E-07

0.002498312 0.004448098 0.000791596 0.003281416 0.006722091 0.085290849 1.906086137 0.019031462

1.3376E-05 1.85634E-05 4.74027E-06 9.59441E-06 4.56738E-05 0.000648765 0.007664865 0.000118679

0.000120913 0.000211796 3.34005E-05 0.000136044 0.000379446 0.003460839 0.051009541 0.001007449

4.8067E-05 6.90993E-05 2.04612E-05 3.4976E-05 0.000187654 0.002763918 0.033979362 0.000437993

0.002373794 0.00416178 0.00063792 0.002677415 0.007443753 0.069256043 0.914950576 0.020495837

0.004487006 0.006450359 0.001910037 0.003264978 0.017517304 0.258009185 3.171942447 0.040886243

0.001068552 0.002518339 0.000350753 0.001838317 0.004123116 0.027321279 0.536966973 0.009361854

0.005604067 0.011473804 0.001811474 0.008401896 0.018142717 0.167983663 3.570886823 0.0456674

6.25731E-05 0.000111384 1.98363E-05 8.2132E-05 0.000168504 0.002137826 0.047721811 0.000476803

7.32646E-05 0.000128869 2.37232E-05 9.33672E-05 0.000203313 0.002603741 0.055468936 0.000564746

0.005144219 0.01054676 0.00166256 0.00753996 0.01735698 0.150381479 3.060504224 0.042051054

0.000194711 0.000346159 6.12035E-05 0.000251175 0.000536507 0.006519143 0.14201159 0.001490228

1.6186E-05 2.70944E-05 5.56437E-06 1.83429E-05 4.90749E-05 0.000654241 0.01181649 0.000130516

8.40807E-05 0.000132631 3.26104E-05 8.0714E-05 0.000289042 0.004036494 0.060973907 0.000716543

0.003193083 0.005541019 0.001070257 0.003514182 0.010671191 0.110107001 1.846927238 0.025655905

1.07778E-05 1.9059E-05 3.46881E-06 1.3898E-05 2.96226E-05 0.000377433 0.008164627 8.28492E-05

0.000516189 0.000912806 0.000166134 0.000665624 0.001418733 0.018076604 0.391033123 0.003967943

9.15035E-06 1.61811E-05 2.94501E-06 1.17993E-05 2.51495E-05 0.000320439 0.006931746 7.03387E-05

0.001356773 0.002181149 0.000469345 0.001295466 0.004658612 0.056201923 0.785838007 0.011558696

0.001334955 0.002158141 0.000492442 0.001379377 0.004367278 0.060464814 0.982239151 0.011122952

1.33623E-05 1.91634E-05 5.7026E-06 9.64496E-06 5.23282E-05 0.000771468 0.009438572 0.000121958

0.002436539 0.00414264 0.000939982 0.002536216 0.009045047 0.112752743 1.608854577 0.021442609

0.000690641 0.0012213 0.000222281 0.00089058 0.001898212 0.024185827 0.523187836 0.00530896

5.66408E-05 9.1671E-05 2.20556E-05 5.50175E-05 0.000204901 0.002736608 0.039208962 0.000494124

0.001006953 0.002414106 0.000328257 0.00176649 0.003932664 0.024629434 0.486738225 0.008866967

9.61747E-07 1.70071E-06 3.09535E-07 1.24017E-06 2.64334E-06 3.36798E-05 0.000728561 7.39295E-06

8.49614E-06 1.50242E-05 2.73445E-06 1.09557E-05 2.33514E-05 0.000297529 0.006436156 6.53098E-05

0.003705456 0.007318269 0.001257327 0.00516878 0.012574062 0.126480829 2.374125804 0.030930495

0.000185843 0.000305897 5.47239E-05 0.000188102 0.00058957 0.006231188 0.085821308 0.001566589

0.000847109 0.001222812 0.000358974 0.000625239 0.003288365 0.048364242 0.600168926 0.007694346

1.2853E-07 2.57212E-07 4.16971E-08 1.85329E-07 4.16692E-07 3.91654E-06 8.10872E-05 1.04143E-06

0.001209926 0.001954988 0.000447757 0.001203604 0.004124831 0.054020152 0.830022111 0.010174438

0.00023497 0.000405331 7.48253E-05 0.00023367 0.000801811 0.004657747 0.128957534 0.001403772

0.001905266 0.003393042 0.000603361 0.002503629 0.005124157 0.06496976 1.453483165 0.014508412

0.005808093 0.010273934 0.001862239 0.007509879 0.015882122 0.202827694 4.416443664 0.044540788

0.001555353 0.002740404 0.000502003 0.001993058 0.00428882 0.055036691 1.181389991 0.011971788

3.53005E-05 5.06259E-05 1.50652E-05 2.54801E-05 0.000138241 0.002038066 0.024934855 0.00032219

0.000145176 0.000253606 4.70674E-05 0.000182507 0.000405835 0.005237185 0.109366741 0.00112472

2.52941E-05 4.50191E-05 8.02037E-06 3.31852E-05 6.81492E-05 0.000864206 0.019285334 0.000192725

2.44718E-05 3.7662E-05 9.78773E-06 2.18882E-05 8.74453E-05 0.001239025 0.017596138 0.000212651

0.008376924 0.020658228 0.002728369 0.015268118 0.033135912 0.193560581 4.008272073 0.073881245

0.006134799 0.010594098 0.001792192 0.006750994 0.019570177 0.195474177 2.718056907 0.052508561

0.000101412 0.000177699 3.30946E-05 0.000128859 0.000281496 0.00368018 0.078192897 0.000781804

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 1.367597134

277 Ethyl acetate Air ug 166.664377

278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng 337.0117681

279 Ethylene diamine Air pg 302.4595595

280 Ethylene oxide Air ng 299.0249805

281 Ethyne Air ug 37.46567518

282 Fluorine Air ug 10.83129382

283 Fluosilicic acid Air ug 6.698442856

284 Formaldehyde Air ug 490.1635213

285 Formic acid Air ug 24.88961676

286 Furan Air ug 7.008289835

287 Heat, waste Air MJ 4.492921561

288 Helium Air ug 132.4690907

289 Heptane Air ug 390.5826885

290 Hexane Air mg 1.140990034

291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air ug 1.846744774

292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg 2.485808943

293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air ug 149.3805071

294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air ug 825.1341619

295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air ug 36.43617798

296 Hydrogen Air mg 1.824179846

297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq 23.1313574

298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 5.75327743

299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 2.608227602

300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng 249.752835

301 Hydrogen sulfide Air ug 901.8342352

302 Iodine Air ug 19.72884508

303 Iodine-129 Air mBq 4.368195784

304 Iodine-131 Air mBq 98.92350102

305 Iodine-133 Air ug 67.0992334

306 Iodine-135 Air ug 15.92886287

307 Iron Air ug 286.1069615

308 Isocyanic acid Air ug 1.763215515

309 Isoprene Air ng 325.2127475

310 Krypton-85 Air mBq 890.068834

311 Krypton-85m Air mBq 731.2793247

312 Krypton-87 Air mBq 168.9256644

313 Krypton-88 Air mBq 218.4645063

314 Krypton-89 Air mBq 90.60040962

315 Lanthanum-140 Air ug 4.271205703

316 Lead Air ug 269.1036259

317 Lead-210 Air mBq 79.51538209

318 m-Xylene Air ug 1.841829465

319 Magnesium Air ug 186.7081842

320 Manganese Air ug 45.8311575

321 Manganese-54 Air nBq 397.5713484

322 Mercury Air ug 11.73770614

323 Methane, biogenic Air mg 3.40070219

324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg 0.003360583

325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air ug 1.151979377

326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air ug 1.196125399

327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air ug 4.528098577

328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air ng 16.34606495

329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 20.048007

330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg 29.77131668

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

1.4201E-05 2.51009E-05 4.55909E-06 1.83301E-05 3.8896E-05 0.00049722 0.01079604 0.000108985

0.001339273 0.001922701 0.000570927 0.0009701 0.005237697 0.077186675 0.9463334 0.012214948

0.002700127 0.003872288 0.001152354 0.001948837 0.010574279 0.155896254 1.907248009 0.024644582

0.000705024 0.001210482 0.000288952 0.000836451 0.002116649 0.027381436 0.53740827 0.00561935

0.003395326 0.005397862 0.001108956 0.00316244 0.011400434 0.131674546 1.771510143 0.028808289

9.11815E-05 0.00014792 3.75844E-05 9.13357E-05 0.000308741 0.003972101 0.06318979 0.000762254

0.00010721 0.000181454 3.65968E-05 0.000124379 0.000321445 0.004241355 0.078857805 0.000857527

2.57032E-05 3.9842E-05 1.02086E-05 2.34574E-05 9.09192E-05 0.00128208 0.018515211 0.000222167

0.014741026 0.034638739 0.004865496 0.025333433 0.056572775 0.381105431 7.595215926 0.12860179

1.09152E-05 1.87742E-05 3.36613E-06 1.15185E-05 3.66834E-05 0.000345155 0.005214982 8.87719E-05

2.62506E-06 4.65077E-06 7.53368E-07 2.92843E-06 8.55857E-06 7.06174E-05 0.001145761 2.08774E-05

8.6347E-05 0.000173057 2.77684E-05 0.000124003 0.000282187 0.002575904 0.053387218 0.000696496

0.004379507 0.00765816 0.001189828 0.004910787 0.013798399 0.12950235 1.716175835 0.037773722

0.023731637 0.041608226 0.00637667 0.026768679 0.074414758 0.692231557 9.144931087 0.204903137

5.73261E-05 0.000100692 1.57223E-05 6.58869E-05 0.000176828 0.001704489 0.024585597 0.000488174

3.48273E-06 5.84569E-06 1.04162E-06 3.6621E-06 1.10668E-05 0.000115148 0.001699005 2.89449E-05

4.15567E-05 8.36696E-05 1.35938E-05 5.59416E-05 0.000149462 0.001054074 0.022516799 0.000316035

0.005977454 0.011194206 0.00191264 0.008233017 0.017240533 0.196066804 4.313229364 0.04662191

0.011812881 0.02320387 0.003922848 0.014613426 0.04398749 0.259221067 6.196216756 0.08192017

2.02437E-05 3.1509E-05 8.05493E-06 1.82148E-05 7.36685E-05 0.001021164 0.014188463 0.000177367

1.46678E-05 2.31219E-05 5.3128E-06 1.35548E-05 5.11404E-05 0.000657304 0.009121144 0.000126259

0.000363814 0.000647717 0.000115288 0.000477745 0.000979207 0.012421693 0.277512514 0.002771588

0.000196796 0.000375225 6.39191E-05 0.00027339 0.000593384 0.006450275 0.136899091 0.001563789

3.69996E-05 6.83397E-05 1.18562E-05 5.00535E-05 0.000105964 0.001235813 0.026877303 0.000288267

0.002003602 0.00287472 0.000854671 0.001448383 0.007841841 0.115590749 1.415470574 0.018281474

0.030698865 0.052489315 0.010108545 0.028571238 0.109069357 0.525586349 17.06972189 0.164664206

0.001327449 0.00236379 0.000420537 0.001744211 0.003570164 0.045295794 1.012913035 0.010110723

6.35899E-05 0.00011321 2.01519E-05 8.34992E-05 0.000171164 0.002171367 0.048504549 0.000484457

0.003231132 0.005754581 0.001023091 0.004246437 0.008688711 0.110147639 2.465007708 0.024601724

0.000126877 0.000224675 4.06534E-05 0.000164352 0.000346612 0.004416683 0.096388632 0.000972648

0.000159888 0.000283415 5.10658E-05 0.000207791 0.000434881 0.00554179 0.121716953 0.001223305

0.005673319 0.013402176 0.001915432 0.009681139 0.02239787 0.145499061 2.742717904 0.050148033

2.89373E-05 5.05816E-05 9.71812E-06 3.6301E-05 8.16297E-05 0.001053029 0.021894726 0.000225014

0.000121813 0.000215814 3.49593E-05 0.000135891 0.000397152 0.003276927 0.053167877 0.000968796

0.025538627 0.045482527 0.008086948 0.033561076 0.068680795 0.870690568 19.48270576 0.194457394

0.001050008 0.001861972 0.000335802 0.001364136 0.002861524 0.036388773 0.797620522 0.00804142

0.000453316 0.000805557 0.000144275 0.000592253 0.001227419 0.015585163 0.345072465 0.003461888

0.000431404 0.000765953 0.000137576 0.000562321 0.001171225 0.014880899 0.328110266 0.003298406

0.000100336 0.000177686 3.2187E-05 0.000129884 0.000274565 0.003494832 0.076116948 0.0007698

3.79972E-06 6.71927E-06 1.22293E-06 4.89973E-06 1.04434E-05 0.000133064 0.002878438 2.92085E-05

0.003697721 0.00748441 0.001247232 0.005310146 0.012761886 0.121454848 2.296762496 0.031009032

0.0003431 0.000610168 0.000109322 0.000449353 0.00092597 0.011759123 0.261632889 0.002617159

6.69777E-05 0.000119006 2.12966E-05 8.74676E-05 0.000181302 0.002296937 0.050987723 0.000510601

0.00071219 0.001192801 0.000281968 0.000790081 0.002239357 0.028954307 0.519588513 0.005775424

0.000556694 0.000957767 0.000186982 0.000669742 0.001630819 0.021142429 0.413588567 0.004386892

0.000353685 0.000625441 0.000113832 0.000456075 0.000972095 0.012385821 0.267930102 0.002718776

0.00026225 0.000455369 8.67219E-05 0.000314343 0.000784913 0.009581469 0.183610411 0.002077053

5.65187E-05 0.0001005 1.79353E-05 7.36273E-05 0.000153624 0.001915831 0.042687607 0.000429312

1.21785E-08 1.86835E-08 4.8557E-09 1.06839E-08 4.43128E-08 6.26065E-07 8.6385E-06 1.06837E-07

5.61722E-05 9.63831E-05 1.8389E-05 5.31435E-05 0.000197574 0.000955948 0.031547908 0.000301514

6.16078E-05 0.000107972 1.65884E-05 6.94293E-05 0.000193359 0.001802236 0.023813267 0.000531952

0.000212439 0.00036522 6.9516E-05 0.000206584 0.000734489 0.003933333 0.122809407 0.001179528

0.000175692 0.000304219 5.8347E-05 0.000216195 0.000502685 0.00658204 0.13285129 0.00137464

0.000334465 0.000549953 0.000117959 0.00030385 0.001195323 0.009715488 0.203710472 0.002188875

0.000256211 0.000376506 0.000106477 0.000200413 0.000971295 0.014174379 0.182454123 0.002298938

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

331 Methane, fossil Air mg 439.1364101

332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air ng 15.98146564

333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 252.4964567

334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air ug 51.58554582

335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg 48.33214163

336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng 9.472691727

337 Methanol Air ug 594.2129417

338 Methyl acrylate Air ng 105.3255975

339 Methyl amine Air pg 200.5151904

340 Methyl borate Air pg 0.035555825

341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air ug 166.6641398

342 Methyl formate Air pg 408.4761178

343 Molybdenum Air ug 3.763617528

344 Monoethanolamine Air ug 5.583177429

345 Nickel Air ug 270.6059024

346 Niobium-95 Air nBq 47.1951814

347 Nitrate Air ng 345.7052719

348 Nitrogen oxides Air g 1.271076731

349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 207.5762346

350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq 41970.63368

351 Ozone Air mg 1.24869452

352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air ug 73.82826912

353 Paraffins Air pg 75.17806643

354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg 118.428952

355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg 174.2648084

356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 96.66994286

357 Pentane Air mg 2.938715439

358 Phenol Air ug 24.71027199

359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng 466.1163893

360 Phosphine Air pg 80.242042

361 Phosphorus Air ug 8.214435302

362 Platinum Air pg 47.04500919

363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq 0.595892604

364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq 1.366008047

365 Polonium-210 Air mBq 93.06207916

366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng 151.0404783

367 Potassium Air ug 419.5694464

368 Potassium-40 Air mBq 2.674598541

369 Propanal Air ng 386.2028864

370 Propane Air mg 3.150349435

371 Propene Air ug 172.1723012

372 Propionic acid Air ug 10.73919224

373 Propylene oxide Air ug 2.638224402

374 Protactinium-234 Air ug 730.7158856

375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq 110.5784187

376 Radium-226 Air mBq 142.222057

377 Radium-228 Air mBq 2.967489871

378 Radon-220 Air mBq 68.92619874

379 Radon-222 Air Bq 96565.86837

380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq 10.36909058

381 Scandium Air ng 69.13274495

382 Selenium Air ug 12.12743375

383 Silicon Air ug 793.1534087

384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air ng 54.68572796

385 Silver Air ng 12.98995716

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.011705241 0.020389589 0.004253478 0.012627755 0.037957736 0.286497918 6.890416931 0.078855916

0.000155571 0.000275035 4.99292E-05 0.00020089 0.000425948 0.00544329 0.118270516 0.001193704

0.0028159 0.004456146 0.000933672 0.002677291 0.009227922 0.113197372 1.604062893 0.02381056

0.000198026 0.00030698 7.86426E-05 0.000180764 0.00070039 0.00987604 0.142651778 0.001711547

0.000415945 0.000611238 0.00017286 0.00032536 0.001576845 0.023011348 0.296204518 0.003732203

8.15216E-05 0.000119797 3.38791E-05 6.37679E-05 0.000309048 0.00451003 0.058053585 0.00073148

0.014023808 0.034674793 0.004558633 0.025533477 0.055972475 0.320842112 6.506763345 0.124272727

0.000843911 0.001210287 0.000360155 0.000609139 0.003304854 0.04872298 0.596104442 0.007702436

0.001617413 0.002325134 0.000688503 0.001176913 0.00631439 0.093003508 1.143377026 0.014738095

2.84888E-07 4.08569E-07 1.21581E-07 2.05633E-07 1.11565E-06 1.64479E-05 0.000201233 2.60019E-06

0.001339271 0.001922698 0.000570926 0.000970099 0.005237689 0.077186565 0.946332056 0.012214931

0.003272078 0.004692213 0.00139655 0.002361105 0.012815284 0.188940394 2.311196486 0.029866272

0.000452202 0.001111646 0.000146402 0.00081832 0.001792272 0.010407167 0.210356941 0.004003002

4.4861E-05 6.62155E-05 1.85922E-05 3.54602E-05 0.000169714 0.002467419 0.031899282 0.000402011

0.01878347 0.045780349 0.006139664 0.033614153 0.07425632 0.44550706 8.909523409 0.166085624

4.19855E-05 7.42453E-05 1.35129E-05 5.41401E-05 0.000115396 0.001470305 0.031805636 0.000322742

0.004172363 0.007224034 0.001849863 0.005089054 0.012111435 0.155878148 3.280521782 0.032730459

9.97117E-06 1.94465E-05 3.21731E-06 1.35423E-05 3.27812E-05 0.000293581 0.005753455 8.05216E-05

0.002727261 0.004744777 0.000796124 0.002957391 0.008808542 0.074019088 1.237700808 0.021310215

0.611077395 1.087909876 0.193652368 0.802398499 1.644824976 20.86608746 466.1120717 4.655465664

2.18021E-05 3.88035E-05 6.91208E-06 2.85895E-05 5.87681E-05 0.00074352 0.016613806 0.000165946

0.000276278 0.000481136 9.4983E-05 0.000322534 0.000875998 0.010358773 0.181830972 0.002260697

0.000542761 0.000842174 0.000220367 0.000470617 0.002058391 0.028277105 0.371445994 0.00485291

0.001735178 0.003735363 0.000558599 0.002696535 0.006102457 0.048492041 0.960563452 0.014649318

0.002045257 0.003780433 0.00086554 0.002707802 0.006137091 0.069146258 1.495159034 0.016216097

0.000492081 0.000928275 0.000172092 0.00062428 0.001714997 0.017623141 0.298518235 0.004149911

0.000140338 0.000246179 3.83711E-05 0.000160109 0.00043579 0.00416884 0.058526582 0.001200648

4.11294E-05 6.29472E-05 1.67583E-05 3.49607E-05 0.000154836 0.002165308 0.028569612 0.000366715

0.017481125 0.031134159 0.005534938 0.022976423 0.047002255 0.59595363 13.33748774 0.133104659

0.000642931 0.000922054 0.000274383 0.000464071 0.002517795 0.03711948 0.454140672 0.005868082

0.000361381 0.000576973 0.000136097 0.0003608 0.00120825 0.016837411 0.264692291 0.003040074

0.000875866 0.001559665 0.000277428 0.001150631 0.002356345 0.029875091 0.668104495 0.006670111

8.6747E-06 1.54437E-05 2.74904E-06 1.13906E-05 2.33495E-05 0.00029621 0.006616806 6.60878E-05

1.98856E-05 3.54027E-05 6.30182E-06 2.61116E-05 5.35258E-05 0.000679023 0.015168186 0.000151498

0.000605584 0.001076956 0.000192993 0.000793118 0.00163439 0.020757481 0.461837551 0.004619428

0.000739827 0.001200967 0.000268211 0.000706871 0.002617901 0.030949449 0.44930065 0.006197735

0.01323214 0.023486388 0.004225867 0.017232919 0.035923209 0.455298421 10.06516447 0.100991338

7.71523E-05 0.000137168 2.46236E-05 0.000100977 0.000208368 0.002647042 0.058842017 0.000588664

0.004397593 0.006321179 0.001870218 0.003195931 0.017173256 0.252615683 3.098173376 0.040091203

0.000168706 0.00029434 4.90272E-05 0.000181311 0.00054949 0.004244566 0.077193664 0.00126362

0.005243906 0.009161379 0.001440521 0.005920674 0.016363805 0.156733204 2.161669829 0.044966506

0.000127106 0.000225401 4.05213E-05 0.000165074 0.000346092 0.004382696 0.096310054 0.000971842

4.34865E-05 5.86148E-05 1.17819E-05 3.13172E-05 0.000124685 0.001633863 0.017836843 0.000374362

0.008603772 0.015315178 0.002727419 0.011292965 0.023169195 0.293925357 6.561664171 0.065556861

0.000152855 0.000266533 5.0885E-05 0.000188681 0.000443763 0.005688349 0.113657133 0.00120243

0.000364201 0.000648111 0.000115591 0.000477671 0.000981509 0.012451352 0.277634493 0.002776076

3.55653E-05 6.23351E-05 1.21481E-05 4.4901E-05 9.96512E-05 0.001279358 0.027014195 0.000275558

0.003468669 0.006176027 0.001098841 0.004555922 0.009332876 0.118350583 2.646077539 0.026416372

1.137127414 2.024201277 0.3604543 1.492633855 3.062004576 38.84305972 867.2260637 8.664189819

9.22448E-06 1.63122E-05 2.96887E-06 1.18949E-05 2.53533E-05 0.000323036 0.006987907 7.09086E-05

0.000201268 0.000328668 8.38002E-05 0.000205401 0.000673918 0.008635917 0.140901669 0.001672162

0.000568597 0.001236638 0.000184557 0.000904544 0.001985365 0.016022867 0.330454328 0.004780549

0.024491692 0.035449867 0.010483638 0.018200979 0.094855902 1.390137116 17.36124097 0.222049856

0.000251095 0.000417031 7.84107E-05 0.00025416 0.000829956 0.008821064 0.124660305 0.002105582

0.000306644 0.000546061 9.71143E-05 0.000402878 0.000824853 0.010458111 0.233895377 0.002335256

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

386 Silver-110 Air nBq 102.7656271

387 Sodium Air ug 209.6677917

388 Sodium chlorate Air ng 649.4199757

389 Sodium dichromate Air ug 1.919546854

390 Sodium formate Air ng 21.48494559

391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng 931.2328824

392 Strontium Air ug 12.91520479

393 Styrene Air ng 396.7031073

394 Sulfate Air mg 219.6919328

395 Sulfur dioxide Air g 1.030484703

396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air ug 12.43228819

397 Sulfuric acid Air ng 195.0518201

398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng 386.8999271

399 Terpenes Air ug 3.075121297

400 Thallium Air ng 116.05605

401 Thorium Air ng 93.52330197

402 Thorium-228 Air ug 672.2672862

403 Thorium-230 Air mBq 103.1116234

404 Thorium-232 Air mBq 1.616970047

405 Thorium-234 Air ug 730.858058

406 Tin Air ug 13.28490755

407 Titanium Air ug 18.91381094

408 Toluene Air ug 444.2295934

409 Uranium Air ng 107.1487303

410 Uranium-234 Air mBq 108.9033915

411 Uranium-235 Air ug 411.9461941

412 Uranium-238 Air mBq 110.9297213

413 Uranium alpha Air mBq 39.68737004

414 Vanadium Air ug 451.759066

415 water Air mg 11.66365425

416 Xenon-131m Air mBq 877.5285002

417 Xenon-133 Air Bq 31.87723756

418 Xenon-133m Air mBq 37.04612815

419 Xenon-135 Air Bq 12.7673863

420 Xenon-135m Air Bq 8.021379663

421 Xenon-137 Air mBq 248.0171587

422 Xenon-138 Air Bq 1.861233735

423 Xylene Air ug 505.3063031

424 Zinc Air ug 464.7644269

425 Zinc-65 Air ug 1.98517045

426 Zirconium Air ng 260.3459297

427 Zirconium-95 Air ug 1.940428749

428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg 768.9081536

429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water pg 87.1886299

430 Acenaphthene Water ng 10.44306479

431 Acenaphthylene Water pg 653.1112765

432 Acetaldehyde Water ug 1.104071771

433 Acetic acid Water ug 23.00954958

434 Acetone Water pg 207.8104951

435 Acidity, unspecified Water ug 15.24182881

436 Acrylate, ion Water ng 219.7085264

437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq 7.095161941

438 Aluminum Water mg 69.29396626

439 Ammonium, ion Water mg 3.724432384

440 Antimony Water ug 133.5195734

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

9.14217E-05 0.000161666 2.94238E-05 0.000117888 0.00025127 0.00320153 0.069255506 0.000702759

0.020684922 0.051183092 0.006708856 0.037661857 0.082686642 0.471208412 9.47036396 0.183777453

0.003444447 0.005818631 0.001075012 0.003726062 0.010891182 0.119529305 1.906081895 0.028281231

3.74642E-05 6.7161E-05 1.17927E-05 5.02528E-05 9.86267E-05 0.001264713 0.029369856 0.000282022

8.54012E-05 0.000129943 3.51384E-05 7.35217E-05 0.000311519 0.00441901 0.060731612 0.000750525

0.007465205 0.0107081 0.003185299 0.005391742 0.029227739 0.430869173 5.27343459 0.068126986

0.000335242 0.000593533 0.00010891 0.000433982 0.000916031 0.01165756 0.254936856 0.002569664

0.002922303 0.004708865 0.001119891 0.002770493 0.010662246 0.138592165 1.906508335 0.025655409

1.34186E-05 2.31295E-05 4.2404E-06 1.56125E-05 4.04289E-05 0.000464948 0.008459904 0.000107302

2.48379E-05 5.14165E-05 7.72718E-06 3.65334E-05 8.45505E-05 0.000684115 0.013187748 0.000207337

0.000346952 0.000618497 0.000109474 0.000457005 0.000930778 0.011783958 0.265036609 0.002636628

0.001566701 0.002248852 0.000667989 0.001134238 0.006128369 0.09031792 1.106976787 0.014290743

0.000789979 0.001302419 0.000317606 0.000818121 0.002704747 0.035522375 0.560595054 0.006696545

1.15183E-06 2.04068E-06 3.30565E-07 1.28495E-06 3.75536E-06 3.09857E-05 0.000502741 9.16066E-06

0.000488417 0.000788226 0.000193224 0.000481705 0.001669475 0.021574175 0.329659119 0.004131297

0.000268211 0.000438079 0.000113697 0.000275345 0.000893326 0.011565806 0.190757279 0.002227846

0.016061428 0.028515559 0.005162181 0.020948499 0.043536655 0.553727114 12.24521506 0.12273921

3.22353E-05 5.73266E-05 1.02163E-05 4.21741E-05 8.70856E-05 0.001101628 0.024462072 0.000245967

2.46817E-05 4.38952E-05 7.86543E-06 3.23295E-05 6.66016E-05 0.000845921 0.018825255 0.000188264

0.008605406 0.015318087 0.002727937 0.011295109 0.023173597 0.293981187 6.562910353 0.065569313

9.88983E-05 0.000164888 3.50082E-05 0.000110286 0.000308069 0.004149229 0.073364603 0.000803028

5.34633E-05 8.73304E-05 2.26989E-05 5.50182E-05 0.000177779 0.002313625 0.038271255 0.000444094

0.01781579 0.031840701 0.004978442 0.020971728 0.055847046 0.528716786 7.73327174 0.15207941

0.000300058 0.000490283 0.000130898 0.000311055 0.000990632 0.013043576 0.218897515 0.002491399

0.000100485 0.000178817 3.18507E-05 0.000131761 0.000270865 0.003433002 0.076513148 0.000765986

0.00485486 0.008642142 0.001538929 0.006372697 0.01307285 0.165837933 3.702603841 0.036990827

0.000161207 0.00028679 5.12201E-05 0.000211265 0.000434792 0.005515561 0.122829433 0.001229248

0.000467709 0.00083257 0.000148258 0.000613936 0.001259414 0.015976548 0.356702923 0.003563635

0.067049275 0.169162725 0.021856693 0.124924151 0.272608167 1.484457855 30.23651171 0.598774419

0.000142065 0.000245625 6.30702E-05 0.000172764 0.000413001 0.005321487 0.111558392 0.001115711

0.002056452 0.003653096 0.000655028 0.00268422 0.005574185 0.070796087 1.56486407 0.015712156

6.44001E-05 0.00011435 2.05339E-05 8.396E-05 0.000174801 0.002220799 0.048983989 0.000492338

0.00030177 0.000537126 9.56836E-05 0.000395965 0.000812989 0.010310837 0.230082179 0.002299525

2.64826E-05 4.70269E-05 8.44231E-06 3.45337E-05 7.1863E-05 0.000912946 0.020144844 0.000202436

1.54888E-05 2.74981E-05 4.94027E-06 2.01851E-05 4.20604E-05 0.000534423 0.01177933 0.000118435

0.000275164 0.000487296 8.82686E-05 0.00035621 0.000752952 0.009583959 0.208747794 0.002111094

2.51361E-06 4.45609E-06 8.04402E-07 3.2631E-06 6.8562E-06 8.7205E-05 0.001908879 1.92577E-05

0.024070103 0.042554658 0.007201488 0.029749557 0.069249849 0.776882435 14.72412777 0.193348064

0.004200192 0.007767175 0.001491032 0.005191198 0.014684263 0.161885251 2.693035329 0.035610101

1.76603E-06 3.12298E-06 5.68393E-07 2.2773E-06 4.8539E-06 6.18454E-05 0.00133784 1.35755E-05

0.000854336 0.001392578 0.000306794 0.000831866 0.002976882 0.035279825 0.525443011 0.007111238

1.72623E-06 3.05259E-06 5.55582E-07 2.22597E-06 4.74451E-06 6.04515E-05 0.001307688 1.32695E-05

0.006202232 0.008916106 0.002640178 0.004513065 0.024213559 0.356637107 4.384465463 0.056515629

0.000315964 0.000484734 0.000125979 0.000277188 0.001149673 0.01624295 0.224121625 0.00277182

0.000707679 0.00124132 0.000189941 0.00079885 0.002218207 0.020592246 0.272269468 0.006108117

0.044258409 0.077632419 0.011878975 0.049960225 0.138727124 1.287843058 17.02778501 0.382002831

8.87058E-06 1.27341E-05 3.78173E-06 6.42411E-06 3.46942E-05 0.000511291 0.006267851 8.09081E-05

6.46215E-05 0.000104423 2.13077E-05 6.38777E-05 0.000211915 0.002550004 0.036620415 0.000547643

0.000753088 0.001155343 0.000300265 0.000660666 0.002740197 0.0387144 0.534184628 0.006606518

2.86072E-05 5.01001E-05 8.51871E-06 3.17726E-05 9.26564E-05 0.000840133 0.013839302 0.000228397

0.001760393 0.002524652 0.000751281 0.00127066 0.006893905 0.101635827 1.24347011 0.016067233

0.000103288 0.000183885 3.27322E-05 0.000135626 0.000278017 0.003526902 0.078784845 0.000786893

0.002971649 0.005233595 0.000959009 0.00379684 0.008221831 0.104935112 2.242771396 0.022896561

1.3532E-05 2.22849E-05 4.07631E-06 1.45383E-05 3.97781E-05 0.000462882 0.007436661 0.000111456

0.001340334 0.00223501 0.000472306 0.001499659 0.004147473 0.055937884 0.993857285 0.010869628

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

441 Antimony-122 Water ug 29.68055172

442 Antimony-124 Water ug 2.140993199

443 Antimony-125 Water mBq 1.978482386

444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water ug 6.926991988

445 Arsenic, ion Water mg 1.576746414

446 Barite Water mg 8.045343233

447 Barium Water mg 2.363991778

448 Barium-140 Water ug 130.0165762

449 Benzene Water ug 191.4900845

450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng 258.5065267

451 Benzene, chloro- Water ug 5.337953103

452 Benzene, ethyl- Water ug 40.30218725

453 Beryllium Water ug 5.662453103

454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 350.9171954

455 Boron Water ug 998.582694

456 Bromate Water ug 40.1911709

457 Bromine Water mg 1.374407615

458 Butanol Water ng 604.7806527

459 Butene Water ng 230.8293461

460 Butyl acetate Water ng 786.2062843

461 Butyrolactone Water ng 1.335064594

462 Cadmium, ion Water ug 633.504368

463 Calcium, ion Water g 25.27824636

464 Carbonate Water mg 1.423152509

465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg 7.087331272

466 Cerium-141 Water ug 51.98275229

467 Cerium-144 Water ug 15.82524992

468 Cesium Water ug 1.678949334

469 Cesium-134 Water ug 863.4885554

470 Cesium-136 Water ug 9.22592371

471 Cesium-137 Water mBq 829.6540227

472 Chlorate Water ug 826.2696714

473 Chloride Water g 93.63190003

474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng 297.5528577

475 Chlorine Water ug 23.66589358

476 Chloroform Water ng 12.27677468

477 Chromium-51 Water mBq 9.745913016

478 Chromium VI Water mg 1.531931478

479 Chromium, ion Water ug 910.1172635

480 Cobalt Water ug 874.920903

481 Cobalt-57 Water ug 292.865621

482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq 43.55512082

483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq 38.42706754

484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 442.4528025

485 Copper, ion Water mg 1.343024541

486 Cumene Water ug 95.94747305

487 Cyanide Water ug 112.4694444

488 Dichromate Water ug 7.120407528

489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg 147.4683959

490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water ug 178.292951

491 Ethanol Water ug 1.391568433

492 Ethene Water ug 73.05898944

493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng 746.6579459

494 Ethyl acetate Water pg 94.91163223

495 Ethylene diamine Water pg 733.2352939

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

2.64042E-05 4.66921E-05 8.49811E-06 3.40482E-05 7.25714E-05 0.000924659 0.020002229 0.000202969

1.65925E-05 2.95268E-05 5.26344E-06 2.17615E-05 4.47228E-05 0.000567469 0.012650588 0.000126476

1.50923E-05 2.68539E-05 4.78873E-06 1.97871E-05 4.06946E-05 0.000516311 0.011505382 0.000115046

0.000158466 0.000270343 4.87277E-05 0.000175941 0.000496768 0.005568335 0.085757355 0.001335238

2.58198E-06 4.52301E-06 8.36019E-07 3.24114E-06 7.26625E-06 9.17542E-05 0.00190785 2.00304E-05

0.000590799 0.001029037 0.000169192 0.000629963 0.001929862 0.014749853 0.256738272 0.004477889

0.000143083 0.000252108 4.05252E-05 0.000169529 0.000429224 0.00438428 0.071552341 0.001190719

0.000115664 0.000204536 3.72262E-05 0.000149149 0.000317901 0.004050498 0.087620385 0.000889113

0.008178744 0.014286495 0.002211421 0.009165735 0.025675944 0.240776337 3.19036325 0.070506803

0.002085187 0.00299759 0.000887626 0.00151729 0.008140586 0.11990121 1.474055026 0.019000525

4.30574E-05 6.18978E-05 1.83288E-05 3.13308E-05 0.000168097 0.002475864 0.030438058 0.000392346

0.002730856 0.004790122 0.000732964 0.003082677 0.008559826 0.079463285 1.05066051 0.023570545

0.000360411 0.00064164 0.000114263 0.000473312 0.000969871 0.012308488 0.274995988 0.002745844

0.025474178 0.044491006 0.006987314 0.028474946 0.080649668 0.76407832 10.11204077 0.219990794

0.0490707 0.087090663 0.015575254 0.063816698 0.13341268 1.685410343 36.98987359 0.375770921

0.003402218 0.004921772 0.001428097 0.002526184 0.013137387 0.191980001 2.380614586 0.030847885

8.19514E-05 0.000143609 2.21806E-05 9.25608E-05 0.000256719 0.00241103 0.032345079 0.000706036

0.004859866 0.006976968 0.002071741 0.003520234 0.019006205 0.280089873 3.433991189 0.044324788

0.001534254 0.00233569 0.000611775 0.001338229 0.005530188 0.079318781 1.104994038 0.013412288

0.006317756 0.00906996 0.002693234 0.004576254 0.024707797 0.364112865 4.464139851 0.057621596

1.0769E-05 1.54811E-05 4.58417E-06 7.83609E-06 4.20423E-05 0.000619233 0.007612801 9.81288E-05

0.000240521 0.000421688 7.67752E-05 0.000298783 0.000686581 0.00837583 0.169928374 0.001879293

1.21661E-05 2.1237E-05 3.78787E-06 1.47405E-05 3.55424E-05 0.000419295 0.007860276 9.77144E-05

1.82647E-06 3.12527E-06 6.14135E-07 2.17365E-06 5.37263E-06 6.99834E-05 0.001350683 1.44416E-05

0.000495152 0.000868515 0.000132984 0.000558593 0.001552775 0.014372388 0.19076382 0.004266326

4.62446E-05 8.17769E-05 1.48837E-05 5.96322E-05 0.000127102 0.001619455 0.035032062 0.000355482

1.40784E-05 2.48956E-05 4.53107E-06 1.8154E-05 3.8694E-05 0.000493015 0.010664905 0.00010822

0.000113775 0.000199569 3.05372E-05 0.000128432 0.000356625 0.003310651 0.043773226 0.000982012

0.014120259 0.025135071 0.004475793 0.018533933 0.038022038 0.482254415 10.76908302 0.107572774

8.20751E-06 1.45138E-05 2.64156E-06 1.05836E-05 2.25581E-05 0.000287422 0.006217507 6.30911E-05

0.011879218 0.021148577 0.003764629 0.015598132 0.03197584 0.405644137 9.061049232 0.090502186

0.026296074 0.03812698 0.011005812 0.019660201 0.101261894 1.477159176 18.38529084 0.238079853

8.88744E-05 0.000152113 2.75329E-05 9.58484E-05 0.000288127 0.002956073 0.041752097 0.000757478

0.009984812 0.015122973 0.003966505 0.008551891 0.036185598 0.514936819 7.058305995 0.087447146

0.000279925 0.0004966 9.2509E-05 0.000363889 0.000761794 0.009656237 0.21315568 0.002143307

9.83841E-05 0.000141106 4.19844E-05 7.10296E-05 0.000385252 0.005679564 0.069496024 0.000897919

1.60371E-05 2.84487E-05 5.12413E-06 2.08557E-05 4.36515E-05 0.000554924 0.012187799 0.000122743

1.46885E-05 2.35027E-05 5.44951E-06 1.40236E-05 5.1275E-05 0.000655454 0.009672153 0.000124011

0.000469191 0.000828243 0.000135548 0.000551658 0.001439511 0.014550631 0.234625554 0.003906363

0.014802559 0.022593547 0.005853616 0.01297171 0.053156361 0.755764927 10.53666167 0.129134197

0.000260537 0.000460723 8.38531E-05 0.000335962 0.00071608 0.00912385 0.19736713 0.00200275

0.000126298 0.00022443 4.0196E-05 0.00016501 0.000341941 0.004342516 0.096153449 0.000964494

9.79001E-05 0.000173914 3.11799E-05 0.000127802 0.00026531 0.003369935 0.074509663 0.000747927

0.026173808 0.045633423 0.00721552 0.0291668 0.082981006 0.79071995 10.48683392 0.225914335

9.73965E-06 1.61031E-05 3.45292E-06 1.05812E-05 3.08202E-05 0.000410811 0.007036639 7.96385E-05

0.000446573 0.00073506 0.0001315 0.000452001 0.001416716 0.01497332 0.206224431 0.00376446

0.001119233 0.001844307 0.000384976 0.001180052 0.003614643 0.045998994 0.728983414 0.009360083

0.000138954 0.000249184 4.37124E-05 0.000186532 0.000365505 0.004685211 0.108950883 0.001045644

0.008060652 0.014014893 0.002244844 0.008934103 0.025659008 0.247382514 3.280295336 0.069614996

5.07399E-06 8.83812E-06 1.60508E-06 6.18356E-06 1.46319E-05 0.000175662 0.003465726 3.98698E-05

1.11823E-05 1.60536E-05 4.76697E-06 8.09986E-06 4.37323E-05 0.000644472 0.007901428 0.000101989

0.00017411 0.000289155 4.95158E-05 0.000179781 0.000542748 0.005528843 0.077189177 0.001458882

0.001408683 0.002473064 0.000459664 0.001799367 0.003893945 0.051001594 1.09302568 0.010832156

0.00076167 0.001092957 0.000324862 0.000550827 0.002980614 0.043932909 0.538113026 0.006949136

0.001709149 0.002934502 0.00070049 0.00202776 0.005131269 0.066379238 1.302807916 0.013622666

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

496 Ethylene oxide Water ng 105.0413239

497 Fluoride Water mg 273.1333208

498 Fluosilicic acid Water ug 12.05719711

499 Formaldehyde Water ug 6.401532273

500 Glutaraldehyde Water ng 993.2522355

501 Heat, waste Water kJ 103.1794101

502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water ug 218.2634126

503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water ug 20.14739183

504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water ug 904.4170062

505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water ug 278.6253596

506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq 1879.224171

507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ug 2.151318215

508 Hydrogen sulfide Water ug 62.08662892

509 Hydroxide Water ug 6.966422727

510 Hypochlorite Water ug 25.12863342

511 Iodide Water ug 170.6192939

512 Iodine-131 Water ug 506.10986

513 Iodine-133 Water ug 81.62151724

514 Iron-59 Water ug 22.43949998

515 Iron, ion Water mg 65.59497822

516 Lanthanum-140 Water ug 138.4783988

517 Lead Water ug 643.3456295

518 Lead-210 Water Bq 64.55364537

519 Lithium, ion Water ug 22.35437812

520 m-Xylene Water pg 629.9870187

521 Magnesium Water g 1.451390824

522 Manganese Water mg 2.000755886

523 Manganese-54 Water mBq 2.622162865

524 Mercury Water ug 89.23093518

525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water ug 20.13499187

526 Methanol Water ug 19.8299695

527 Methyl acrylate Water ug 2.057566379

528 Methyl amine Water pg 481.2279402

529 Methyl formate Water pg 163.0809974

530 Molybdenum Water ug 68.76031438

531 Molybdenum-99 Water ug 47.74437906

532 Nickel, ion Water mg 4.800358521

533 Niobium-95 Water ug 183.2526463

534 Nitrate Water g 49.61428821

535 Nitrite Water ug 18.29937076

536 Nitrogen Water mg 2.580248397

537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water ug 709.4935103

538 o-Xylene Water pg 458.8875271

539 Oils, unspecified Water mg 94.10702262

540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water ug 10.38925201

541 Paraffins Water pg 218.1741088

542 Phenol Water ug 186.7844906

543 Phosphate Water g 1.112598773

544 Phosphorus Water mg 176.9601266

545 Polonium-210 Water Bq 98.51213941

546 Potassium-40 Water Bq 7.806471105

547 Potassium, ion Water g 1.193708102

548 Propene Water ug 41.63298929

549 Propylene oxide Water ug 6.345200256

550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq 13.46229403

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.000841819 0.001210048 0.000358449 0.000612156 0.00328789 0.048421949 0.594937327 0.007672407

0.00058096 0.000836811 0.000246421 0.000424631 0.002263553 0.033213125 0.408107733 0.00529104

4.62658E-05 7.17157E-05 1.83755E-05 4.22234E-05 0.000163655 0.002307743 0.033327379 0.0003999

2.66077E-05 4.40862E-05 7.98301E-06 2.72612E-05 8.45761E-05 0.000882955 0.012959293 0.00021983

0.072938162 0.127041637 0.020887878 0.077773257 0.238254566 1.820969511 31.69608296 0.552825803

0.004307002 0.007565121 0.001362201 0.005329919 0.012437351 0.150177909 2.938738734 0.034208784

0.014790728 0.025943996 0.003969837 0.016696219 0.04636125 0.43038457 5.690519421 0.127661614

0.001365298 0.00239483 0.000366447 0.001541189 0.0042795 0.039727806 0.525278716 0.011784149

0.060965538 0.106927163 0.016378814 0.068765657 0.191209509 1.770445077 23.49901924 0.525297302

0.011882741 0.020685293 0.003414705 0.012737605 0.038647195 0.304122702 5.252141577 0.090736668

0.027213952 0.048449159 0.008624271 0.035733817 0.073252397 0.929268541 20.75788311 0.207328753

2.72878E-05 3.92705E-05 1.16236E-05 1.99285E-05 0.000106357 0.001565286 0.019293646 0.000248437

0.001514351 0.002506754 0.000528231 0.001587656 0.004984979 0.061828376 0.982183536 0.012586242

5.70498E-05 8.24488E-05 2.41467E-05 4.22572E-05 0.000221181 0.003250727 0.04040059 0.000517945

0.001473863 0.002624522 0.00046681 0.001936474 0.003964224 0.050278833 1.124503774 0.011224353

0.01152326 0.020216129 0.003100104 0.013034106 0.036056017 0.336062874 4.488471742 0.099313145

0.002982776 0.005306397 0.000946814 0.003908876 0.008047129 0.102113629 2.273425719 0.022743628

7.26116E-05 0.000128403 2.33698E-05 9.36324E-05 0.000199571 0.002542813 0.05500613 0.000558165

1.99625E-05 3.53008E-05 6.42486E-06 2.57416E-05 5.48664E-05 0.000699074 0.015122361 0.000153452

0.002993441 0.005320803 0.000950017 0.003912731 0.008094552 0.102549655 2.273361713 0.022851508

0.000123192 0.000217848 3.9649E-05 0.000158856 0.000338591 0.004314115 0.093322951 0.000946979

0.003207744 0.00558116 0.001022999 0.003869969 0.009426857 0.113076044 2.154338387 0.025537279

2.4392E-07 4.22968E-07 7.68609E-08 2.91774E-07 7.14781E-07 8.41681E-06 0.000160806 1.93033E-06

8.10104E-05 0.000124281 3.22998E-05 7.10685E-05 0.000294766 0.004164546 0.057462763 0.00071067

0.002283022 0.003502474 0.000910266 0.002002839 0.008307033 0.117364475 1.619405124 0.02002796

1.85341E-06 3.27933E-06 5.59267E-07 2.31276E-06 5.27797E-06 6.04543E-05 0.001181468 1.47522E-05

3.352E-05 5.91278E-05 1.06049E-05 4.22644E-05 9.42136E-05 0.001140742 0.023457701 0.000262125

7.77668E-06 1.38194E-05 2.47487E-06 1.01608E-05 2.10532E-05 0.00026735 0.005920671 5.93841E-05

4.50956E-05 7.5633E-05 1.54588E-05 4.94401E-05 0.000142997 0.001767783 0.030466458 0.000365069

0.001478241 0.002588004 0.000404906 0.00164253 0.004688302 0.04116687 0.593162916 0.012281716

0.000885265 0.001508251 0.000293125 0.000821816 0.003144418 0.015968225 0.497073825 0.004820344

1.6486E-05 2.36433E-05 7.03573E-06 1.18997E-05 6.45613E-05 0.000951818 0.011645075 0.000150469

0.003881721 0.005580223 0.001652379 0.002824542 0.015154269 0.223204469 2.744056302 0.035370803

0.001306352 0.001873331 0.000557562 0.000942653 0.005116405 0.075433021 0.922727692 0.011923883

0.002571332 0.004577207 0.000814499 0.00337401 0.006926295 0.087762685 1.956884524 0.01960419

4.2474E-05 7.51093E-05 1.36701E-05 5.47701E-05 0.000116739 0.001487414 0.03217575 0.000326498

2.85726E-05 4.52375E-05 1.06829E-05 2.73117E-05 9.81543E-05 0.00131941 0.019643106 0.00024258

0.001250595 0.002224239 0.000397139 0.001637624 0.003376466 0.042824935 0.952926508 0.009534759

9.09196E-08 1.4395E-07 3.40462E-08 8.68891E-08 3.13544E-07 4.25353E-06 6.20072E-05 7.81801E-07

0.00027145 0.000458199 9.34075E-05 0.000309247 0.00083226 0.010796984 0.194963666 0.002187359

2.27567E-05 4.02927E-05 6.98285E-06 2.87558E-05 6.39021E-05 0.000754841 0.015331748 0.000178998

0.026106176 0.045574455 0.007268165 0.029550002 0.081469978 0.796356602 11.26103721 0.223074932

0.001662971 0.00255123 0.000663045 0.001458883 0.006050909 0.085489212 1.179587499 0.014588525

0.007707676 0.013553452 0.002068728 0.008730729 0.024187668 0.223099177 2.963629883 0.066451662

0.000667327 0.001169579 0.000179488 0.000752187 0.002092877 0.019474855 0.257670299 0.005758452

0.001575146 0.002444071 0.000639526 0.001365777 0.005973652 0.082062929 1.077972643 0.014083619

0.010968768 0.019284086 0.002948377 0.012423388 0.03443834 0.318767442 4.227130125 0.094667699

2.69314E-07 4.05386E-07 1.08419E-07 2.24028E-07 9.9567E-07 1.40946E-05 0.000188209 2.37564E-06

7.27832E-07 1.25409E-06 2.11821E-07 8.01386E-07 2.3154E-06 2.3517E-05 0.000333556 6.20072E-06

2.93743E-07 5.05745E-07 9.24198E-08 3.42236E-07 8.79458E-07 1.01658E-05 0.000185541 2.34806E-06

1.9868E-07 3.5234E-07 6.29034E-08 2.57387E-07 5.41889E-07 6.79029E-06 0.000148472 1.52173E-06

9.29591E-07 1.64006E-06 2.70886E-07 1.12362E-06 2.73492E-06 2.92281E-05 0.000517699 7.58788E-06

0.000254087 0.000393103 7.37131E-05 0.000232173 0.000785601 0.008984528 0.114799128 0.00215957

0.000104614 0.000141005 2.83395E-05 7.53381E-05 0.000299926 0.003930064 0.042902098 0.000900581

0.000158656 0.000282423 5.02918E-05 0.000208258 0.000427217 0.00541954 0.121000126 0.001208851

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq 35.06747214

552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water Bq 4.255537288

553 Radium-224 Water mBq 83.9474667

554 Radium-226 Water Bq 81.19977776

555 Radium-228 Water mBq 167.9336767

556 Rubidium Water ug 17.309811

557 Ruthenium-103 Water ug 10.07449379

558 Scandium Water ug 12.89245434

559 Selenium Water ug 17.79505937

560 Silicon Water g 1.353817282

561 Silver-110 Water mBq 37.55581105

562 Silver, ion Water ug 1.839655076

563 Sodium-24 Water ug 361.2466991

564 Sodium formate Water ug 51.61626945

565 Sodium, ion Water g 54.34839933

566 Solids, inorganic Water mg 66.66980578

567 Solved solids Water mg 60.64190309

568 Strontium Water mg 3.852175059

569 Strontium-89 Water ug 815.1682294

570 Strontium-90 Water Bq 2.735711775

571 Sulfate Water g 75.6215466

572 Sulfide Water ug 5.601693235

573 Sulfite Water ug 70.80940976

574 Sulfur Water ug 477.9050446

575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 91.68829349

576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water ug 4.40322855

577 Technetium-99m Water mBq 1.097236977

578 Tellurium-123m Water ug 133.8903489

579 Tellurium-132 Water ug 2.764493865

580 Thallium Water ug 1.045924368

581 Thorium-228 Water Bq 1.127221263

582 Thorium-230 Water Bq 1.836798623

583 Thorium-232 Water ug 781.1663928

584 Thorium-234 Water mBq 13.46381368

585 Tin, ion Water ug 38.29538746

586 Titanium, ion Water ug 6.149950782

587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg 149.3153128

588 Toluene Water ug 218.4239949

589 Tributyltin compounds Water ug 3.735325663

590 Triethylene glycol Water ug 12.35748864

591 Tungsten Water ug 10.45982904

592 Uranium-234 Water mBq 16.15475274

593 Uranium-235 Water mBq 26.65534198

594 Uranium-238 Water Bq 33.16054394

595 Uranium alpha Water mBq 775.5955049

596 Vanadium, ion Water ug 546.2235989

597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water ug 619.8933314

598 Xylene Water ug 170.3737774

599 Zinc-65 Water mBq 4.897688009

600 Zinc, ion Water mg 3.889680555

601 Zirconium-95 Water ug 56.71659733

602 2,4-D Soil mg 6.324838009

603 Aclonifen Soil mg 18.77702548

604 Aldrin Soil ng 2.387679872

605 Aluminum Soil ug 839.2272101

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

2.88375E-07 4.79421E-07 9.01594E-08 2.93212E-07 9.50613E-07 1.01399E-05 0.000144613 2.41489E-06

6.19409E-05 0.000110274 1.96293E-05 8.13338E-05 0.000166725 0.002115063 0.047246722 0.000471894

0.005688742 0.00997846 0.001526861 0.006421623 0.01783125 0.165532527 2.188661317 0.049100621

0.000107985 0.000191974 3.3787E-05 0.00014004 0.00029486 0.003642699 0.078887202 0.000832063

0.011377624 0.019957136 0.003053777 0.012843369 0.035663011 0.331072272 4.377422224 0.098202474

0.00114388 0.002006608 0.000307316 0.001292374 0.003582762 0.033315971 0.442408918 0.009866846

8.9624E-06 1.58487E-05 2.88452E-06 1.1557E-05 2.4633E-05 0.000313858 0.006789373 6.8894E-05

0.000785106 0.001397265 0.000249429 0.00103018 0.002114629 0.026841518 0.598992994 0.005983597

0.00071617 0.00127305 0.000226712 0.000934501 0.001940961 0.024461676 0.539090715 0.005481561

3.13575E-05 5.08798E-05 1.14811E-05 3.26603E-05 0.000101998 0.001401472 0.022948426 0.000260429

9.09947E-05 0.000161637 2.89858E-05 0.000118769 0.000246647 0.003133409 0.069250223 0.000695288

9.20647E-05 0.00016136 2.4822E-05 0.000103852 0.000288695 0.002695628 0.035828755 0.000794113

0.00032137 0.000568297 0.000103432 0.000414405 0.000883278 0.011254174 0.243450303 0.002470371

0.000205171 0.000312181 8.44178E-05 0.000176631 0.000748405 0.010616402 0.14590399 0.001803091

3.57043E-05 6.2579E-05 9.65419E-06 4.03433E-05 0.000111786 0.001048287 0.014078361 0.000307467

0.003223804 0.005707117 0.001034073 0.004175853 0.008795741 0.112112954 2.449522246 0.024705233

0.000110442 0.000191215 5.40681E-05 0.000133207 0.00032706 0.004142519 0.08673194 0.000874895

0.000248683 0.000437309 6.92161E-05 0.000288497 0.000760831 0.007450655 0.111866289 0.002103369

0.001589373 0.002820709 0.000507273 0.002069357 0.004320047 0.054887696 1.208425812 0.012155071

8.93113E-05 0.000159061 2.82792E-05 0.000117375 0.000240164 0.00304461 0.068135047 0.000680016

2.61439E-05 4.22775E-05 9.65981E-06 2.69889E-05 8.55707E-05 0.001179913 0.019121042 0.000218001

0.000246658 0.000433795 7.20941E-05 0.000299458 0.000715058 0.007827926 0.141996302 0.002001504

0.004001565 0.007125414 0.001267465 0.005257071 0.010764015 0.136512825 3.052910983 0.030474185

2.11023E-05 3.70125E-05 5.67673E-06 2.37691E-05 6.62513E-05 0.00060861 0.008159525 0.000181007

0.002274495 0.003962355 0.000652205 0.002442115 0.007391984 0.058078653 1.001481339 0.017386009

0.000246717 0.000433012 6.60727E-05 0.000278851 0.000772591 0.007157437 0.094611743 0.002129648

9.85966E-07 1.74367E-06 3.17277E-07 1.27165E-06 2.7093E-06 3.45185E-05 0.000746962 7.57838E-06

0.001822186 0.003243567 0.00057763 0.002391687 0.00490694 0.062245389 1.389709843 0.013883368

2.45933E-06 4.34898E-06 7.91528E-07 3.1713E-06 6.75941E-06 8.61242E-05 0.001863039 1.89049E-05

5.05966E-05 8.92306E-05 1.63311E-05 6.49317E-05 0.000139369 0.00178314 0.038375288 0.000389218

2.27561E-05 3.99158E-05 6.1078E-06 2.56877E-05 7.13288E-05 0.000662171 0.008755222 0.000196412

2.1647E-05 3.85339E-05 6.86183E-06 2.84148E-05 5.82896E-05 0.000739443 0.016509286 0.000164936

0.034906816 0.062143179 0.011060879 0.045824976 0.093972501 1.191015976 26.62101071 0.265809668

0.000158673 0.000282454 5.02973E-05 0.000208281 0.000427264 0.005420137 0.121013447 0.001208984

0.000921195 0.001630658 0.00029448 0.001189594 0.002525479 0.031943668 0.695219312 0.007060443

8.62539E-05 0.000149813 2.8531E-05 0.000106291 0.000247097 0.003177132 0.064157055 0.000674863

0.008073255 0.014035203 0.002248231 0.008946998 0.025695294 0.247781843 3.285967618 0.069720615

0.014268967 0.024901227 0.003819351 0.01598418 0.04457283 0.416229467 5.47545491 0.123107894

0.000122511 0.000218012 3.78317E-05 0.000143916 0.000381371 0.003671238 0.056174014 0.00104023

0.000702949 0.001204851 0.000230513 0.000657175 0.0024901 0.011558999 0.391452806 0.003714245

0.000574684 0.001023157 0.000182221 0.000754758 0.00154639 0.019620902 0.438476594 0.004377954

0.000190387 0.000338908 6.03502E-05 0.00024991 0.000512661 0.006503448 0.145200151 0.001450621

0.000314138 0.000559197 9.95778E-05 0.000412351 0.00084589 0.01073069 0.239580249 0.002393524

6.00739E-07 1.06362E-06 1.90191E-07 7.73987E-07 1.64737E-06 2.05642E-05 0.00044522 4.61409E-06

0.009140544 0.016271096 0.002897437 0.011998271 0.024613059 0.312233326 6.971121503 0.069644918

0.009990829 0.017230207 0.003337391 0.011997096 0.029415492 0.373340987 7.273794087 0.078746046

0.040218537 0.070556553 0.01081397 0.045472966 0.125888618 1.172299509 15.62367626 0.346731768

0.01166455 0.020463197 0.003130637 0.013169724 0.036563766 0.339284372 4.487463494 0.10066909

4.35705E-06 7.70482E-06 1.4023E-06 5.6184E-06 1.19752E-05 0.000152581 0.003300635 3.34926E-05

5.57313E-05 9.45813E-05 1.74099E-05 5.87708E-05 0.000182308 0.001818564 0.029107131 0.000447075

5.04558E-05 8.9224E-05 1.62391E-05 6.50626E-05 0.000138677 0.001766932 0.038222281 0.000387854

4.64899E-10 8.23232E-10 1.33595E-10 5.18137E-10 1.51654E-09 1.25446E-08 2.0325E-07 3.69885E-09

1.61143E-10 2.82777E-10 6.38335E-11 1.84137E-10 5.54767E-10 6.61933E-09 1.08321E-07 1.36699E-09

1.91409E-05 2.74558E-05 8.16713E-06 1.38246E-05 7.49401E-05 0.001104751 0.013521166 0.000174678

0.060031184 0.105114417 0.016525297 0.066971879 0.189748081 1.684360701 24.67023768 0.497781887

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

606 Antimony Soil pg 277.7313519

607 Arsenic Soil ng 346.3191536

608 Asulam Soil ug 254.64

609 Atrazine Soil ug 297.0806264

610 Barium Soil ug 397.6879612

611 Benomyl Soil ng 7.891337085

612 Bentazone Soil mg 11.64226218

613 Bifenox Soil ug 254.64

614 Boron Soil ug 56.29884432

615 Cadmium Soil ug -17.79884265

616 Calcium Soil mg 3.750648287

617 Carbendazim Soil ug 848.81

618 Carbetamide Soil mg 1.779145725

619 Carbofuran Soil ug 4.326331451

620 Carbon Soil mg 2.449153037

621 Chloride Soil mg 25.76744539

622 Chlorothalonil Soil ug 1.537722788

623 Chlorotoluron Soil ug 594.17

624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg 1.9098

625 Chromium Soil ug 15.39264138

626 Chromium VI Soil ug 273.3971777

627 Cobalt Soil ng 36.70587545

628 Copper Soil mg -12.80903511

629 Cypermethrin Soil ug 2.574726159

630 Fenpiclonil Soil ug 580.2203985

631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil ug 169.76

632 Fluoride Soil ug 224.5811019

633 Fluroxypyr Soil ug 636.61

634 Glyphosate Soil mg 419.1544123

635 Heat, waste Soil kJ 57.52092698

636 Iron Soil mg 11.69712506

637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil ug 84.881

638 Lead Soil ug 90.60790237

639 Linuron Soil ug 1.377852403

640 Magnesium Soil ug 700.4946122

641 Mancozeb Soil ug 1.997185072

642 Manganese Soil ug 71.26466175

643 Mecoprop Soil ug 509.28

644 Mercury Soil ng 632.9455426

645 Metaldehyde Soil ug 17.02005185

646 Metolachlor Soil mg 5.442369007

647 Metribuzin Soil mg 2.037170322

648 Molybdenum Soil ng 8.03652523

649 Napropamide Soil ug 30.11233673

650 Nickel Soil mg -4.211017853

651 Oils, biogenic Soil ug 264.1896742

652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg 136.9264921

653 Orbencarb Soil ng 379.7466811

654 Pendimethalin Soil mg 14.769

655 Phosphorus Soil ug 59.0585372

656 Pirimicarb Soil ug 812.2327353

657 Potassium Soil ug 385.6527737

658 Silicon Soil ug 247.9579521

659 Sodium Soil mg 1.689583124

660 Strontium Soil ug 8.020188656

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.002368735 0.003515867 0.000973482 0.001910196 0.008866124 0.128662307 1.689717826 0.021109453

0.023980035 0.041954833 0.006609844 0.026691491 0.075919323 0.674836108 9.839614794 0.199000253

x x x x x x x x

5.02144E-09 7.20277E-09 2.14257E-09 3.62676E-09 1.96598E-08 2.89821E-07 3.54715E-06 4.58252E-08

0.029195747 0.051114181 0.007997048 0.032440747 0.092595839 0.813058739 11.71519979 0.242568163

2.95582E-06 5.23676E-06 8.48292E-07 3.29741E-06 9.63695E-06 7.95151E-05 0.001290127 2.3508E-05

8.22397E-11 1.44316E-10 3.25777E-11 9.39751E-11 2.83127E-10 3.3782E-09 5.52818E-08 6.97651E-10

x x x x x x x x

0.001527444 0.002714362 0.000456756 0.001915459 0.0043339 0.048073276 0.97406604 0.011951631

1.37566E-06 2.34573E-06 4.71131E-07 1.62122E-06 4.10955E-06 5.42144E-05 0.001025846 1.09626E-05

0.00025485 0.000446671 7.07728E-05 0.000287186 0.000798763 0.007239894 0.109889534 0.002103267

x x x x x x x x

3.16165E-11 5.538E-11 1.26248E-11 3.62481E-11 1.07647E-10 1.29241E-09 2.15198E-08 2.66802E-10

1.62049E-06 2.87099E-06 4.65066E-07 1.80777E-06 5.28334E-06 4.35932E-05 0.000707296 1.2888E-05

0.000177434 0.000310401 4.8819E-05 0.000197006 0.000563156 0.004979421 0.071897045 0.00147443

0.000253329 0.000436104 7.54898E-05 0.000271918 0.000833348 0.008125183 0.114410505 0.002133574

2.47404E-06 4.24157E-06 1.07918E-06 2.94547E-06 7.33471E-06 9.54058E-05 0.001926388 1.96027E-05

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

0.000307357 0.000538283 8.49572E-05 0.000344076 0.00096876 0.008676207 0.128784801 0.002544427

0.005335841 0.009568694 0.001678539 0.00716295 0.014035138 0.179908769 4.183757916 0.040152355

0.001378593 0.002433492 0.0004434 0.001772771 0.003788656 0.048345244 1.046092453 0.010580701

3.351E-06 6.00647E-06 1.05502E-06 4.49299E-06 8.82652E-06 0.000113168 0.002625899 2.52319E-05

2.29576E-07 4.06716E-07 6.59741E-08 2.56134E-07 7.4857E-07 6.18631E-06 0.000100396 1.82617E-06

1.02933E-07 1.76696E-07 4.46768E-08 1.22281E-07 3.07818E-07 3.98335E-06 7.95563E-05 8.18685E-07

x x x x x x x x

0.006526414 0.01157948 0.001934337 0.00808593 0.018746843 0.202918326 3.999580278 0.051398408

x x x x x x x x

3.93144E-08 6.12664E-08 1.63359E-08 3.51748E-08 1.42722E-07 1.92671E-06 2.68318E-05 3.43349E-07

0.001225253 0.002199366 0.000385062 0.001649394 0.00321332 0.041230907 0.963396827 0.009207837

0.000185996 0.000311331 6.13604E-05 0.000191037 0.00062202 0.006753016 0.095781001 0.001577295

x x x x x x x x

7.77292E-06 1.31616E-05 2.72929E-06 8.85017E-06 2.43074E-05 0.000317633 0.005649088 6.31753E-05

1.24566E-06 2.18457E-06 4.93571E-07 1.42165E-06 4.29041E-06 5.12381E-05 0.000837477 1.05698E-05

0.049115417 0.086042357 0.013562318 0.055025904 0.154695086 1.383924824 20.57007818 0.406470496

3.21327E-06 5.50893E-06 1.40163E-06 3.82556E-06 9.52627E-06 0.000123912 0.002501981 2.54599E-05

0.003809465 0.006708873 0.001108203 0.004521291 0.011395998 0.11553816 2.059007938 0.030639352

x x x x x x x x

1.84839E-05 2.98384E-05 6.96236E-06 1.88192E-05 6.14737E-05 0.000840601 0.013367194 0.000155106

6.58661E-09 1.15137E-08 2.65348E-09 7.57943E-09 2.21471E-08 2.6778E-07 4.54526E-06 5.5256E-08

8.98568E-09 1.57683E-08 3.5595E-09 1.02679E-08 3.0935E-08 3.69109E-07 6.0402E-06 7.62267E-08

1.13141E-10 1.93973E-10 4.93523E-11 1.347E-10 3.35426E-10 4.36304E-09 8.80963E-08 8.96459E-10

0.000304486 0.000531151 9.99356E-05 0.000380629 0.000859386 0.011101511 0.229714823 0.002365117

1.16532E-08 2.03703E-08 4.6946E-09 1.34097E-08 3.91832E-08 4.73764E-07 8.04159E-06 9.77605E-08

6.88604E-09 1.14092E-08 2.47136E-09 7.51116E-09 2.19249E-08 2.95173E-07 5.04771E-06 5.65238E-08

0.000870178 0.001386211 0.000365915 0.000852779 0.002969847 0.040971603 0.638527412 0.007391944

0.008163824 0.01433108 0.002186392 0.009229606 0.025568549 0.236796557 3.13019027 0.070472484

0.000610974 0.001047472 0.000266507 0.000727395 0.001811334 0.023560834 0.475728977 0.004840966

x x x x x x x x

0.003640372 0.006392655 0.001028716 0.004186324 0.011208615 0.105987133 1.720359737 0.029749197

7.77934E-09 1.36514E-08 3.08164E-09 8.88943E-09 2.6782E-08 3.19556E-07 5.2293E-06 6.59932E-08

0.024445467 0.042905009 0.006871494 0.027948468 0.075655811 0.706397182 11.25282624 0.200341449

0.01213423 0.0213482 0.003619893 0.014606197 0.035771509 0.382482432 7.122748972 0.096768889

0.000117338 0.000205264 3.22226E-05 0.000130179 0.00037254 0.003283611 0.047249825 0.000975312

0.000585555 0.001026132 0.000160471 0.000651597 0.001858279 0.01630188 0.235066686 0.004865838

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

661 Sulfur Soil ug 497.7660305

662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg 120.3630623

663 Tebutam Soil ug 71.3522598

664 Teflubenzuron Soil ng 4.688144373

665 Thiram Soil ng 14.00017135

666 Tin Soil ng 3.693142154

667 Titanium Soil ug 2.716645001

668 Trifluralin Soil mg 17.825

669 Vanadium Soil ng 77.75895028

670 Zinc Soil mg -37.7193605

[sulfonyl]urea-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Benzimidazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

[thio]carbamate-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Diphenylether-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Triazine-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Dinitroaniline-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Organophosphoru

s-compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Acetamide-anillide-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

0.035816547 0.062693214 0.009855222 0.039893694 0.11334557 1.004644141 14.64662308 0.297183916

0.000964397 0.001383082 0.000411575 0.000696107 0.003776692 0.055679219 0.681211006 0.008802122

2.76127E-08 4.82681E-08 1.1124E-08 3.17748E-08 9.2846E-08 1.1226E-06 1.90548E-05 2.31647E-07

7.54274E-06 1.29315E-05 3.29015E-06 8.98002E-06 2.23617E-05 0.000290869 0.005873089 5.97639E-05

5.24398E-06 9.29064E-06 1.50497E-06 5.85E-06 1.70971E-05 0.000141069 0.002288838 4.1706E-05

0.000139901 0.000205103 5.82441E-05 0.000107724 0.000533857 0.007709448 0.097405027 0.001260045

0.000101507 0.000180435 3.22509E-05 0.000132695 0.000274483 0.003475719 0.077289057 0.000773479

x x x x x x x x

0.002905453 0.005164619 0.000923122 0.003798164 0.00785656 0.099486077 2.212257548 0.02213942

1.15574E-06 2.00789E-06 3.3988E-07 1.28686E-06 3.68276E-06 3.60503E-05 0.000550507 9.5852E-06

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 253.756797

2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw ug 18.30732634

3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 141.2218407

4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg 21.30634176

5 Borax, in ground Raw ug 2.005545207

6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw ug 248.1101645

7 Calcite, in ground Raw g 13.87207637

8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw kg 1.429871871

9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg 5.464717019

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.31084E-08

11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 183.1460705

12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw ug 7.788868468

13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw ng 753.9249503

14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg 201.9927388

15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g 4.656626122

16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g 16.0244507

17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g 23.94106024

18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng 532.7033401

19 Colemanite, in ground Raw ug 806.8314348

20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.00408659

21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 82.72247776

22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 21.94331927

23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 109.2375392

24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng 68.93376843

25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg 33.93968596

26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ 21.19969113

27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J 378.8576591

28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ 8.041183054

29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ 343.087256

30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J 207.4444973

31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng 112.9206246

32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.810145826

33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 2.519334774

34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg 54.3373821

35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -7.70738E-13

36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg 593.663816

37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm3 229.3813705

38 Gas, natural, in ground Raw l 27.71213884

39 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 330.1318872

40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 605.3455118

41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 724.8279305

42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.107082434

43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 274.3837805

44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 657.1841905

45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.017427884

46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.14725536

47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 68.74496255

48 Granite, in ground Raw pg 396.7692293

49 Gravel, in ground Raw g 91.54284517

50 Gypsum, in ground Raw ug 42.88719506

51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw ng 2.993747091

52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw ug 4.163326833

53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 14.82154416

54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.068367961

55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 39.08888909

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.005540053 0.00018554 7.273229314 6.606272993 3.956106039 1.687388575 5.910901563 32.61639419

6.59958E-05 2.11698E-06 0.102246407 0.091793809 0.062006814 0.023984836 0.094011413 0.233584633

0.076720838 0.002215122 11.22148592 6.751690537 2.493733439 1.375580852 4.195145004 16.25899211

0.00089508 2.80567E-05 0.180259617 0.194265635 0.075958676 0.023874354 0.128669388 0.267748885

7.50824E-05 5.65912E-06 0.01642416 0.014955075 0.006580987 0.002210061 0.010246671 0.026811109

0.00054981 1.86222E-05 17.56934438 15.09221425 11.87330659 4.568659482 17.60634051 28.70197992

0.000445587 1.46203E-05 0.298669425 0.482404229 0.176720084 0.037687278 0.319005321 0.45209469

4.91053E-07 1.7117E-08 0.000158533 0.000332266 0.00010207 2.04692E-05 0.000215693 0.000203223

1.48552E-05 4.75397E-07 0.002651849 0.001835791 0.00071792 0.00034908 0.001205066 0.003927398

-2.55413E-12 -9.04273E-14 -7.13545E-10 -1.15164E-09 -4.60885E-10 -1.04884E-10 -8.59787E-10 -1.25259E-09

0.003173213 0.000105339 8.82162294 12.0550484 3.190315252 0.606918337 4.687566565 7.508537919

0.003371533 9.5554E-05 0.116636018 0.111902857 0.063738943 0.022253866 0.097091497 0.278327056

0.313404665 0.008894878 10.20145968 9.686557571 5.335392449 1.945379083 8.167112159 23.80772999

0.008834271 0.000287981 6.859134202 8.199703943 3.776364182 0.842429895 5.631395294 11.43385151

0.000177975 5.47362E-06 0.063021322 0.120165009 0.037849903 0.008059418 0.077781118 0.084799728

0.00560021 0.000186224 0.178101277 0.172713917 0.074718318 0.024505935 0.115894039 0.290032021

0.003313008 0.000112514 0.535732501 0.646894888 0.291355886 0.06775316 0.437536818 0.910183457

0.010331168 0.000337449 75.46087582 43.8867594 15.79363122 9.112050363 26.81278981 108.670272

0.062683294 0.002564581 1.55951438 1.52674064 0.77242593 0.262751284 1.191366233 2.941077095

0.000946976 3.96183E-05 0.250131596 0.277996094 0.146778456 0.049777741 0.228830633 0.866516161

0.005240051 0.000219399 1.386726589 1.54137694 0.813808985 0.275977692 1.268744853 4.805507355

0.001389998 5.81986E-05 0.367849041 0.408872256 0.215874461 0.073207026 0.336552699 1.274729488

0.006909734 0.000289045 1.824151323 2.027469106 1.070478842 0.363029991 1.668895564 6.320151614

0.000594618 3.30372E-05 8.961965701 7.611396677 5.055284148 2.267483687 7.51902709 7.041978597

0.000719198 2.30987E-05 1.204556969 1.515363473 0.698225991 0.14636936 1.035098065 2.013945328

4.65428E-06 1.61762E-07 0.001758228 0.003712185 0.001138707 0.00022746 0.002411692 0.00225245

0.001029881 3.29583E-05 0.183847306 0.127271633 0.049771901 0.024200999 0.083544772 0.272278452

0.002301976 7.93829E-05 0.077046549 0.076346552 0.032952978 0.010399845 0.051016725 0.118969757

0.014570311 0.00101364 2.01927895 2.269560755 1.060213077 0.303041524 1.602512249 4.002241291

0.032899462 0.001305837 1.482262919 1.542786845 0.689646085 0.205166773 1.057442765 2.382495095

0.011419154 0.000506852 0.210982165 0.22439654 0.10345205 0.035818716 0.166368643 0.434241833

5.64208E-05 1.67113E-06 0.008940488 0.007050735 0.003020473 0.001181077 0.004800017 0.014967079

2.49232E-08 7.38875E-10 4.32895E-06 3.61714E-06 1.65996E-06 5.91659E-07 2.63149E-06 7.60997E-06

0.001858848 6.10788E-05 0.243884166 0.177749173 0.077491054 0.034525426 0.124539102 0.454019257

-8.38461E-17 -2.36213E-18 -3.90983E-15 -3.78825E-15 -2.13902E-15 -8.53838E-16 -3.33174E-15 -4.31051E-15

0.093299498 0.00371313 4.226275985 4.402176833 1.968815918 0.585188581 3.018392897 6.79724503

0.032254409 0.001097901 5.211981211 6.333495561 2.835251209 0.657030243 4.274476876 8.832798946

0.007719811 0.000245073 0.330648693 0.265599352 0.114566225 0.044438638 0.180599258 0.536055993

0.013678858 0.000382938 0.426342834 0.390936281 0.225002806 0.084204919 0.348774726 0.623799663

0.025082204 0.000702173 0.781762883 0.716839856 0.412576141 0.154402209 0.639530402 1.143829707

0.030032902 0.000840767 0.936066216 0.858328708 0.494009845 0.184877918 0.765760011 1.369597162

4.58714E-05 1.28416E-06 0.001429722 0.001310988 0.000754537 0.000282378 0.001169601 0.002091886

0.011368962 0.000318273 0.354348086 0.324920536 0.187007548 0.06998558 0.289878638 0.518461342

0.027230115 0.000762303 0.848708901 0.778226144 0.447906935 0.167624397 0.694296317 1.241781057

4.21566E-05 1.18017E-06 0.001313939 0.001204821 0.000693433 0.00025951 0.001074884 0.001922479

4.7536E-05 1.33076E-06 0.001481603 0.00135856 0.000781917 0.000292624 0.001212043 0.002167794

0.002848415 7.9741E-05 0.08877947 0.081406601 0.046853451 0.017534404 0.072627093 0.129896913

0.014663605 0.000476569 19.49086565 17.29996678 11.00986269 4.765351669 16.48637162 16.68715532

0.001469859 5.33609E-05 1.203653304 2.174758569 0.678185523 0.150685728 1.396700705 1.64635638

0.001511306 4.81523E-05 0.555339218 0.483141377 0.27089798 0.101802055 0.412602813 1.177391136

0.000471089 1.87414E-05 0.021323737 0.022208995 0.009931997 0.002952424 0.015227022 0.03429265

1.36219E-05 4.87835E-07 0.293012577 0.25173638 0.197975133 0.076169499 0.293572244 0.47865758

0.000298656 9.63528E-06 0.501899954 0.63030279 0.292974085 0.061534743 0.434679102 0.84709158

4.36741E-05 1.79049E-06 0.176544657 0.152971343 0.099671512 0.043780515 0.148359882 0.151717792

0.000236499 1.16425E-05 2.40595179 2.050988189 1.357396354 0.606573641 2.019277304 1.922970481

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 1.24496E-07

57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 17.50147047

58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 94.5737695

59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw ug 3.238612422

60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.55670409

61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw ug 356.5517448

62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.030038084

63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 288.2272226

64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 5.427874893

65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.056153456

66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 10.95245625

67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.16347E-08

68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 4.174856793

69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 555.466328

70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a 3.896625595

71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a 15.6372166

72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a 800.6297529

73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a 12.91227928

74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a 339.2332293

75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a 145.5402108

76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a 95.03643738

77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a 153.4156738

78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a 0.116640473

79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a 12.07598472

80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a 73.2284416

81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a 581.3958713

82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a 1.573841087

83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a 63.19536794

84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a 78.56947856

85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a 86.87971

86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a 170.0764323

87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a 672.7549508

88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw cm2a 23.58402121

89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a 277.9364652

90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a 250.4407973

91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 33.89261457

92 Olivine, in ground Raw ug 8.895134736

93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 110.7495405

94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 266.1635234

95 Peat, in ground Raw mg 10.71293276

96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 10.0346554

97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 7.240583294

98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 2.55217E-09

99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 2.863189413

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 10.26411308

101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 1.1545807

102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 3.616294526

103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 1.685978283

104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.04831E-11

105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw ug 883.2375972

106 Shale, in ground Raw ug 51.82970769

107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw ug 7.34678346

108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.24111503

109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 483.8460782

110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.105046686

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

3.87122E-12 1.25862E-13 1.9211E-09 2.09183E-09 1.47337E-09 3.46184E-10 2.22363E-09 5.02453E-09

0.000573583 2.59794E-05 1.579725663 1.339902611 0.888927307 0.398976907 1.322558923 3.287157528

0.003808878 0.000119222 1.254691004 1.55234095 0.569081824 0.145282217 0.92439398 1.828919747

0.000231852 8.63762E-06 0.047522452 0.096406949 0.030012309 0.006123406 0.062619771 0.062162885

0.000474989 1.59502E-05 0.400163288 0.468942402 0.248923864 0.060310069 0.371497765 0.875561553

0.008074901 0.000273813 9.952346241 8.653863623 5.564784154 2.444401295 8.314565067 47.66125626

0.000128408 5.37153E-06 0.033899488 0.037677885 0.019893462 0.006746442 0.031014261 0.117451825

0.018257739 0.000764444 4.83172606 5.370569216 2.835528006 0.961580038 4.420646159 16.74367197

0.000165549 5.55169E-06 0.14069454 0.164859465 0.087504737 0.021200976 0.13059535 0.307845143

6.6902E-05 2.80116E-06 0.017704935 0.019679422 0.010390249 0.003523526 0.016198611 0.061353979

0.000334022 1.12019E-05 0.283950283 0.332720767 0.176602688 0.042787762 0.263568386 0.621296401

-9.29626E-13 -3.16672E-14 -2.81339E-10 -4.66389E-10 -1.78816E-10 -4.06301E-11 -3.40123E-10 -4.71028E-10

7.0174E-06 2.69679E-07 0.000783126 0.000823236 0.000395066 0.000127984 0.000631204 0.001335313

0.010115595 0.000330195 25.00318881 33.57273816 10.1797545 2.004011385 14.99626396 25.74451149

3.12096E-10 1.1313E-11 1.45971E-06 1.90571E-06 1.22339E-06 2.6661E-07 1.91872E-06 3.77721E-06

2.31091E-05 7.47814E-07 0.022438266 0.046525288 0.013774085 0.002749997 0.029684312 0.028345647

0.037056761 0.001370776 9.351245375 11.16204159 5.267510596 1.479153978 8.138781054 22.93762603

0.00670682 0.000186851 0.727600585 0.449647969 0.16879034 0.089838532 0.281681018 1.059473008

0.002521794 8.50615E-05 8.111551661 14.37002004 5.082347189 1.33773497 9.964644798 9.354370266

0.003046437 0.000102989 4.490221302 10.00224455 2.983660526 0.560874038 6.440133018 5.648957006

0.000258346 8.26759E-06 0.046118094 0.031926087 0.012485281 0.00607082 0.020957205 0.068301045

0.053529449 0.001550483 8.157242683 6.115705237 2.387890782 1.003492576 3.873757894 12.18752379

4.94674E-05 1.4376E-06 0.00637218 0.00394508 0.001476782 0.000784122 0.002465564 0.009302851

8.51774E-05 2.69068E-06 0.01893783 0.022771186 0.009111734 0.002486101 0.014744446 0.030483829

0.003169277 0.000101762 1.012897224 1.569820925 0.53061098 0.128963635 1.008530494 1.471333012

0.01869507 0.000634617 4.43930817 7.185902086 2.425925942 0.559887917 4.652825056 6.483491002

0.00036904 1.18299E-05 0.067078223 0.046434377 0.018347058 0.008949411 0.030728688 0.093911972

0.000319099 1.0765E-05 0.226125613 0.414844758 0.128157206 0.025769311 0.25109483 0.290499825

0.00290789 9.16197E-05 0.620175208 0.545303798 0.235101601 0.07870202 0.367078825 0.987059251

0.003215456 0.00010131 0.685770665 0.602980147 0.259968101 0.087026264 0.405904443 1.09145968

0.003287557 0.000113237 4.791437738 10.34128808 3.112356138 0.604349523 6.672851275 6.06979177

0.00963353 0.000372142 6.892609896 5.453744615 1.923822496 0.820506006 3.307045241 9.955971317

1.65432E-08 5.12302E-10 0.924162986 2.154246252 0.625152282 0.113449979 1.379483572 1.130019436

0.030938707 0.001264695 2.700119717 3.235511746 1.264619671 0.361296592 2.161697458 4.280703718

0.013588453 0.000764407 4.823571583 3.783594711 1.522368211 0.619701737 2.449107756 7.933779153

0.013635606 0.000460575 2.94457252 1.754907181 0.652820939 0.363371586 1.099547912 4.288805035

2.56543E-05 8.30074E-07 0.04284196 0.038260589 0.026316416 0.010203838 0.039769688 0.096763093

0.180046317 0.003626015 2.66170239 1.636320679 0.627001199 0.333754313 1.049052863 3.873521865

0.432703956 0.008714375 6.396849073 3.932556897 1.506867105 0.802109187 2.521180598 9.309205395

4.31016E-05 1.32982E-06 0.040638826 0.041546977 0.026435348 0.009560685 0.041225645 0.085099432

9.96316E-08 2.95745E-09 1.90323E-05 1.595E-05 7.61949E-06 2.80299E-06 1.19868E-05 3.18085E-05

0.000225683 6.68454E-06 0.03576195 0.028202941 0.012081894 0.004724308 0.019200066 0.059868317

6.19076E-14 1.9515E-15 4.38785E-11 5.71586E-11 3.33153E-11 7.50159E-12 5.37126E-11 1.05493E-10

0.004316004 9.10325E-05 0.070220243 0.047246636 0.018476899 0.008807178 0.03035213 0.103848049

0.015472239 0.000326338 0.251729248 0.169372244 0.066236965 0.031572437 0.108807924 0.372279987

0.004088695 8.238E-05 0.060125744 0.036844563 0.013836173 0.007410815 0.023208371 0.087605371

0.012806317 0.000258025 0.18832153 0.115401888 0.043336664 0.023211622 0.07269159 0.274391238

0.000375887 1.20482E-05 0.103239086 0.062363921 0.022529583 0.01253722 0.038400651 0.148935848

-2.73267E-14 -8.21133E-16 -2.41234E-12 -1.5854E-12 -7.11768E-13 -3.61228E-13 -1.1423E-12 -3.16868E-12

0.045534228 0.001564369 3.945710116 3.651385693 2.137889735 0.790240093 3.247703532 8.023403879

0.000186843 5.99346E-06 0.289431694 0.259844837 0.175525962 0.06789399 0.26612361 0.661266908

0.000311921 8.85237E-06 0.009897941 0.009131041 0.005196188 0.001929489 0.008049768 0.014569305

0.000222619 6.31932E-06 0.007042664 0.006499453 0.003695993 0.001371192 0.005726485 0.010352923

0.020545129 0.000583098 0.649834097 0.599663644 0.341056939 0.126543929 0.528428641 0.955219485

4.69226E-05 1.33173E-06 0.001484144 0.00136956 0.000778933 0.000289011 0.001206868 0.002181607

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.083185756

112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 714.6999076

113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw mg 647.9570977

114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw ng 2.59855021

115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg 14.7118027

116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng 7.163705344

117 Sulfur, in ground Raw ug 698.9137468

118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw ug 72.22090363

119 Talc, in ground Raw ug 100.4394658

120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.789755322

121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 786.1803555

122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 272.0235687

123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 49.70805564

124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 356.2308961

125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2 0.238917492

126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9018594

127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.030786715

128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.4025038

130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2 35.47653695

133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2 122.8104571

134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2 0.443581802

136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.000700736

137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2 0.002582382

138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 0.004405239

139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2 22.59128924

140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2 84.55773651

141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2 189.8393534

142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2 12.93035657

143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 13.94327275

144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2 3.394173617

145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2 47.56853577

146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2 2.07156855

147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9208422

148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.050303529

149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2 3.529041444

150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2 12.91227928

151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.40251145

153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2 18.52009544

156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2 2.261665399

157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2 119.28239

159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2 3.394173617

160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2 1.727180552

161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2 1.97197038

162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.018077486

163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2 4.660827364

164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 1.528184288

165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2 76.36595815

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

4.59944E-05 1.30538E-06 0.001454783 0.001342466 0.000763524 0.000283294 0.001182992 0.002138448

0.030347671 0.000861307 0.959884811 0.88577695 0.503783077 0.186920927 0.78055414 1.410976875

0.131304413 0.003813896 6.13795162 5.789989437 3.031118544 1.075789283 4.662565884 13.35023828

1.41351E-05 5.19491E-07 0.021202991 0.018374429 0.013065544 0.005356142 0.019470181 0.06550627

0.00045963 1.35891E-05 0.063911451 0.04567183 0.018946608 0.008759379 0.031267839 0.107038281

6.17936E-05 3.43327E-06 0.931341534 0.790988282 0.525353058 0.235640462 0.78138909 0.731813462

0.008911964 0.000298836 2.282870242 2.0603812 1.298215707 0.490713366 1.975032848 4.4138475

3.19778E-08 9.60127E-10 9.04876E-06 1.03747E-05 6.23387E-06 1.57042E-06 9.8264E-06 2.02353E-05

0.004308364 0.000151749 2.226620277 3.662254753 1.342982208 0.317507417 2.471937373 3.79429884

0.000244687 6.92651E-06 0.007717824 0.007113473 0.004054841 0.001506946 0.006283052 0.011334874

0.033393412 0.000947914 1.056417223 0.974934146 0.554408228 0.205682177 0.858987052 1.552964168

0.011058968 0.000315539 0.938589643 1.122951027 0.511820085 0.153742863 0.828374077 1.827419886

0.001241706 3.91317E-05 0.829077398 1.021883495 0.632964216 0.144843196 0.998324579 2.048087458

0.001600013 4.62022E-05 27.01904363 23.01078642 16.28800755 6.929740482 24.18411201 100.347981

1.86395E-05 8.1752E-07 0.003426385 0.003198215 0.001825884 0.000740238 0.002738472 0.0136583

5.75859E-08 2.08758E-09 0.000269737 0.000352164 0.00022608 4.92656E-05 0.000354578 0.000698036

6.71636E-07 2.24872E-08 0.000882573 0.000801643 0.000480058 0.000204759 0.000717263 0.003957989

2.57157E-05 1.01123E-06 0.029425733 0.062741148 0.018722275 0.00360413 0.039918498 0.037319678

3.70588E-05 1.10944E-06 0.015629865 0.020026903 0.006832277 0.001525636 0.010166507 0.020532337

8.95598E-07 2.72773E-08 0.000104947 0.000112131 4.45904E-05 1.55145E-05 7.7935E-05 0.000145534

9.04004E-08 3.27748E-09 3.95703E-05 5.67262E-05 2.13669E-05 6.14093E-06 3.97599E-05 6.95651E-05

0.018818646 0.000547234 2.864908983 1.723451688 0.635798088 0.350960376 1.070246955 4.148290953

0.002298376 7.76115E-05 3.790824856 8.462144492 2.521757742 0.475532831 5.451442863 4.747886003

9.22667E-06 2.95272E-07 0.001647082 0.001140222 0.000445905 0.000216816 0.000748475 0.002439334

6.38307E-05 2.48288E-06 0.003403734 0.003262326 0.001460695 0.000469096 0.002251366 0.005664006

1.66088E-07 5.17599E-09 3.94484E-06 4.4155E-06 2.037E-06 5.57866E-07 3.07362E-06 7.09549E-06

8.04637E-08 2.38342E-09 1.27643E-05 1.00659E-05 4.31167E-06 1.686E-06 6.85201E-06 2.13692E-05

1.37262E-07 4.06583E-09 2.17744E-05 1.71712E-05 7.3552E-06 2.87612E-06 1.16887E-05 3.64533E-05

0.000336611 1.14564E-05 0.100197992 0.18136791 0.058421602 0.013087836 0.117701965 0.151505188

0.00023213 9.73369E-06 1.924981727 4.436416172 1.291960946 0.235942379 2.836840466 2.366790327

4.69618E-07 1.70272E-08 0.002201306 0.00287399 0.00184503 0.000402053 0.00289369 0.005696639

0.006709379 0.000186926 0.727934972 0.449879326 0.168880857 0.089881441 0.281831376 1.059982634

0.000132526 6.3793E-06 0.054223656 0.093055051 0.030246645 0.006497768 0.05720006 0.076540924

9.22667E-06 2.95272E-07 0.001647082 0.001140222 0.000445905 0.000216816 0.000748475 0.002439334

0.001920005 6.8373E-05 0.745504193 1.088853587 0.379952648 0.095750206 0.710343255 1.15438539

0.000317688 1.0735E-05 0.019856746 0.02148069 0.009775449 0.002944571 0.015079145 0.040331104

5.76333E-08 2.08929E-09 0.000269957 0.000352451 0.000226265 4.93058E-05 0.000354867 0.000698606

1.37855E-06 4.43672E-08 0.001182474 0.001305222 0.000656301 0.000250228 0.001058588 0.004576016

0.000285918 1.06226E-05 0.067790693 0.078491667 0.03844004 0.010967041 0.058592283 0.171769184

0.00670682 0.000186851 0.727600585 0.449647969 0.16879034 0.089838532 0.281681018 1.059473008

2.57157E-05 1.01123E-06 0.029425733 0.062741148 0.018722275 0.00360413 0.039918498 0.037319678

3.7059E-05 1.10945E-06 0.01563007 0.020027082 0.006832392 0.001525686 0.010166679 0.020533315

8.95598E-07 2.72773E-08 0.000104947 0.000112131 4.45904E-05 1.55145E-05 7.7935E-05 0.000145534

9.04004E-08 3.27748E-09 3.95703E-05 5.67262E-05 2.13669E-05 6.14093E-06 3.97599E-05 6.95651E-05

0.000150854 5.33917E-06 0.12869197 0.246175193 0.075711204 0.015669317 0.154946727 0.172622433

1.67964E-05 5.6659E-07 0.054052294 0.095744845 0.033866156 0.008915373 0.066396062 0.062327756

9.22667E-06 2.95272E-07 0.001647082 0.001140222 0.000445905 0.000216816 0.000748475 0.002439334

0.002253371 7.61014E-05 3.697568709 8.281368298 2.462271976 0.461605578 5.330071896 4.634151274

9.22667E-06 2.95272E-07 0.001647082 0.001140222 0.000445905 0.000216816 0.000748475 0.002439334

0.000823089 2.63276E-05 0.137149361 0.082450464 0.030435572 0.01680842 0.051242835 0.198605173

0.000282269 9.44399E-06 0.045964086 0.055774494 0.023705562 0.005702648 0.03643435 0.075832225

2.55912E-06 7.53444E-08 0.000334391 0.00023136 9.05186E-05 4.29093E-05 0.000150361 0.000509634

0.000193004 6.30111E-06 0.039130679 0.044861376 0.018119163 0.005128892 0.028955108 0.062964322

7.64888E-05 2.52442E-06 0.022174 0.031377318 0.010751774 0.002815368 0.020133942 0.032449791

0.018663143 0.000544367 3.123151125 2.316119751 0.826634523 0.384041391 1.456249885 4.520644684

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2 15.49896915

167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2 0.022155173

168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2 0.000700736

169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 12.62082956

170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2 0.182825133

171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2 0.200956548

172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2 1.270708625

173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2 8.324954062

174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2 0.749724906

175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2 46.97784871

176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2 7.023794813

177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2 2.948997529

178 Ulexite, in ground Raw ug 17.71444276

179 Uranium, in ground Raw mg 3.021344777

180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw ug 3.271237393

181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3 6.122266826

182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3 1.389087227

183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw m3day 2.539535745

184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3 21.94702638

185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 4.034436613

186 Water, lake Raw cm3 3.41722569

187 Water, river Raw l 244.8971048

188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3 147.167863

189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3 20.05196571

190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw m3 2.165613793

191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 3.020068325

192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3 282.626658

193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3 717.6112637

194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3 35.14327364

195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3 6.609258372

196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3 0.05291173

197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 73.85098246

198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 7.912477782

199 1-Propanol Air ng 2.689821984

200 1,4-Butanediol Air ng 1.922256508

201 2-Propanol Air ug 35.87912393

202 Acenaphthene Air pg 121.4386385

203 Acetaldehyde Air ug 173.141269

204 Acetic acid Air ug 492.9186604

205 Acetone Air ug 97.89734992

206 Acetonitrile Air ug 3.690145556

207 Acrolein Air ng 753.4392153

208 Acrylic acid Air ng 92.83125174

209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 62.03516477

210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 832.2435503

211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air ug 3.293511172

212 Aluminum Air mg 8.049647145

213 Ammonia Air mg 221.7479399

214 Ammonium carbonate Air ng 339.9613584

215 Antimony Air ug 8.215932155

216 Antimony-124 Air nBq 73.6193492

217 Antimony-125 Air nBq 768.279768

218 Argon-41 Air mBq 273.2801672

219 Arsenic Air ug 67.57493953

220 Arsine Air pg 1.082071085

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

3.48275E-05 1.04682E-06 0.000740441 0.000780855 0.000356004 0.000103387 0.000542034 0.001307625

5.19503E-06 1.66532E-07 0.000944269 0.000653663 0.000258274 0.000125982 0.000432572 0.001322012

1.66088E-07 5.17599E-09 3.94484E-06 4.4155E-06 2.037E-06 5.57866E-07 3.07362E-06 7.09549E-06

6.37605E-05 2.15122E-06 0.045200115 0.082936908 0.025620509 0.005151421 0.050202699 0.058067113

6.76644E-06 2.13192E-07 0.0014431 0.00126888 0.000547063 0.000183134 0.000854164 0.002296811

7.43749E-06 2.34335E-07 0.001586217 0.001394719 0.000601318 0.000201296 0.000938875 0.002524594

2.31235E-05 7.86055E-07 0.03808389 0.084202933 0.025161038 0.00479232 0.054281908 0.04780675

0.000122039 4.66546E-06 0.084163513 0.087164691 0.028675012 0.009968796 0.053212409 0.1177064

4.54219E-05 1.91341E-06 0.006305049 0.00752265 0.003164028 0.000845244 0.00515643 0.010036912

3.2953E-08 1.02047E-09 1.840873044 4.291119551 1.245263014 0.225985039 2.747842276 2.250925812

0.000294871 1.15777E-05 0.087454464 0.145239991 0.047114715 0.011098446 0.093839327 0.123850483

0.000158141 9.12093E-06 0.046523425 0.038392307 0.015794294 0.006093904 0.025131055 0.078790717

0.00431417 0.000148238 0.144676143 0.143190579 0.062339153 0.019772872 0.096500208 0.22323029

0.000222556 1.17119E-05 0.016873654 0.018407249 0.008605488 0.002452699 0.013068684 0.02939487

0.000269213 9.12437E-06 0.083980191 0.133981659 0.046621593 0.010549319 0.08749395 0.124710762

0.000459 2.41516E-05 0.034414149 0.037625874 0.017503784 0.004961547 0.026587612 0.059664442

0.0001162 5.81672E-06 0.008052781 0.008742816 0.004052519 0.001158287 0.006162174 0.013927159

9.89697E-05 7.41477E-06 0.012722809 0.014313792 0.006832931 0.001897985 0.010328867 0.023615728

0.000716422 2.26695E-05 0.260303668 0.236148581 0.13925913 0.050940222 0.209926348 0.584795946

0.000549055 1.83589E-05 0.032896904 0.027246679 0.012537695 0.00488731 0.019679687 0.054916846

0.00028423 9.61636E-06 0.086790242 0.138133739 0.048213226 0.010914302 0.090265773 0.12917737

0.000109858 5.11145E-06 0.009445056 0.009562394 0.004245183 0.001318484 0.006598257 0.016313899

0.023827815 0.000872229 1.472629772 1.298525204 0.564539212 0.198677565 0.880934577 2.372013776

0.010807745 0.000329101 1.938034064 1.153173867 0.42477626 0.237516866 0.716528559 2.803166755

0.000116375 7.03397E-06 0.014772747 0.016542959 0.007562962 0.002201887 0.011442071 0.030134315

4.40772E-05 1.52472E-06 0.01489267 0.0147971 0.005929146 0.001860958 0.009766792 0.022826275

0.027003755 0.000882599 1.734104232 1.883781049 0.837406797 0.249370933 1.313172494 2.756907587

0.129512254 0.00448952 10.15489635 11.4109566 5.242476466 1.556794936 8.185576 15.32183327

9.5533E-05 3.05725E-06 0.017053888 0.011805864 0.004616899 0.002244913 0.00774971 0.025256864

0.000325557 1.13348E-05 0.175582188 0.386424205 0.115491742 0.022256934 0.249336756 0.219982846

6.3429E-07 2.03944E-08 0.000321981 0.00027752 0.000171784 6.63991E-05 0.000261485 0.000532744

0.001199139 3.52935E-05 3.305664851 3.18690881 1.968320781 0.73103476 2.938157012 11.73183802

0.000328525 9.2078E-06 0.010252365 0.009406094 0.005408123 0.002022447 0.008382753 0.015006663

0.000423901 1.68566E-05 0.019171118 0.019964608 0.008927562 0.002654212 0.013687395 0.030827741

8.03669E-05 2.26135E-06 0.002518598 0.002314929 0.001326454 0.00049483 0.002055776 0.003691459

0.001486182 4.15982E-05 0.046312715 0.042463124 0.024443304 0.009148641 0.037889554 0.067758022

0.039075185 0.001314408 1.331051386 1.295580185 0.573046823 0.188890061 0.885942203 2.278589441

0.039726452 0.001980756 2.501838503 2.232175737 0.85533755 0.316995816 1.461797231 3.810767327

0.162411003 0.007782245 9.922005443 17.41093699 5.920270867 1.419206894 11.80253483 13.74708471

0.041241928 0.001963245 0.506459901 0.507126725 0.23268395 0.075455545 0.353951008 0.762205386

1.00312E-05 3.2102E-07 0.001790708 0.00123965 0.000484788 0.000235722 0.000813742 0.002652044

0.0455642 0.001299071 47.41018761 55.15432754 25.49154619 7.116175742 37.58615665 64.96665795

0.003846502 0.000107684 0.119889452 0.109933624 0.063271462 0.023678487 0.098076457 0.175415968

0.003802156 0.000212529 0.480027258 0.501023857 0.259644793 0.083723412 0.391379716 1.080433334

0.098171589 0.004281654 5.419028444 5.738120319 2.628616565 0.77513148 4.011985262 9.349625623

0.000267753 1.27543E-05 0.037640644 0.034673243 0.018988133 0.006611161 0.028835525 0.062687974

0.000579027 2.111E-05 0.188683169 0.224257058 0.105565021 0.027848592 0.159492174 0.411950537

0.000394131 1.38635E-05 0.154370553 0.146254788 0.063644029 0.021128195 0.101054611 0.283621925

0.041723412 0.001921073 0.765413156 0.774247126 0.371901619 0.126452225 0.59153628 1.680231689

0.000585364 2.32996E-05 0.134072892 0.148123794 0.077904438 0.026513662 0.121328117 0.450002614

0.000414234 0.000147756 0.310205927 0.365103906 0.176104147 0.045892413 0.264725761 0.552909862

0.004322883 0.001541963 3.237259496 3.81016604 1.837794739 0.478925891 2.762635744 5.77007899

0.051892254 0.001959918 2.117816342 2.172501856 0.961345642 0.290868214 1.47804395 3.362928554

0.007452551 0.000329853 1.290791701 1.458286008 0.697677775 0.225660194 1.079546019 3.786437908

4.48361E-05 1.25519E-06 0.00139747 0.001281421 0.000737512 0.000276004 0.00114321 0.002044704

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

221 Barium Air ug 11.07973762

222 Barium-140 Air ug 49.97545575

223 Benzal chloride Air pg 0.014691195

224 Benzaldehyde Air ng 384.8203379

225 Benzene Air ug 854.3988106

226 Benzene, ethyl- Air ug 39.75768848

227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ug 66.27807618

228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng 6.323740756

229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air ug 2.321825216

230 Beryllium Air ng 111.2581003

231 Boron Air ug 396.9093214

232 Boron trifluoride Air pg 0.008075709

233 Bromine Air ug 38.76024072

234 Butadiene Air ng 1.072004669

235 Butane Air mg 2.355229899

236 Butanol Air pg 5.958995146

237 Butene Air ug 39.12531967

238 Butyrolactone Air pg 556.266765

239 Cadmium Air ug 26.52268933

240 Calcium Air ug 173.2858231

241 Carbon-14 Air Bq 5.727329725

242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 5.127030081

243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 194.1306277

244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg 55.86977081

245 Carbon disulfide Air mg 1.691388135

246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg 20.16453517

247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg 668.245562

248 Cerium-141 Air ug 12.11518097

249 Cesium-134 Air nBq 580.2392654

250 Cesium-137 Air ug 10.2857558

251 Chlorine Air ug 92.28232764

252 Chloroform Air ng 175.6046639

253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air ng 1.667699741

254 Chromium Air ug 639.0245815

255 Chromium-51 Air nBq 776.3386469

256 Chromium VI Air ug 15.76427111

257 Cobalt Air ug 24.6263121

258 Cobalt-58 Air ug 1.081083652

259 Cobalt-60 Air ug 9.550368198

260 Copper Air ug 284.4360369

261 Cumene Air ug 39.92861473

262 Cyanide Air ug 19.83692977

263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g 1.446886054

264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 849.238493

265 Ethane Air mg 4.733934622

266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng 76.89894798

267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air pg 599.1381127

268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng 137.9267634

269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng 4.405735507

270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air ug 89.34115475

271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air ug 2.507031286

272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air ug 6.036812794

273 Ethanol Air ug 63.6566816

274 Ethene Air ug 530.3167858

275 Ethene, chloro- Air ug 32.41311452

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.002114989 6.90251E-05 0.230277181 0.272810752 0.109513309 0.027496153 0.163813181 0.361747929

0.000281197 0.000100302 0.210578913 0.247845632 0.119545813 0.031153417 0.179705345 0.375335053

2.9488E-07 9.76147E-09 0.000709064 0.000663462 0.000416419 0.000162209 0.000621154 0.002258358

0.022613854 0.000630733 24.66579315 28.70467565 13.26521478 3.701653521 19.55735156 33.75743816

0.148314223 0.005119677 42.64729862 27.90446402 10.66175949 5.21403029 17.55709674 63.35989534

0.018223244 0.000627606 3.977769802 2.356572405 0.852508777 0.48143307 1.445843776 5.75809659

0.002610158 8.18193E-05 0.901356137 1.155394581 0.418725289 0.10562854 0.69471414 1.323704541

8.83745E-05 3.26404E-06 0.192724331 0.406117488 0.126867059 0.026212758 0.26745059 0.294473208

0.000281557 1.01098E-05 0.1086558 0.076104825 0.032369429 0.014925723 0.051878869 0.213440615

0.003984554 0.00014157 2.825418534 3.826872228 1.44867217 0.33524879 2.295992468 4.572042398

0.144169961 0.004725794 5.036339433 5.054243352 2.140432518 0.685094227 3.322332402 8.290561825

3.3462E-07 9.36777E-09 1.04296E-05 9.5635E-06 5.5042E-06 2.05987E-06 8.53201E-06 1.526E-05

0.01588283 0.000513453 0.500552437 0.481311766 0.208015458 0.069741289 0.3230166 0.851889777

7.66929E-05 1.91396E-06 0.001888284 0.001597317 0.000854156 0.000334767 0.001337177 0.002769158

0.000896673 3.04666E-05 0.177638773 0.107494864 0.03941309 0.0216006 0.066347039 0.258590451

0.000249137 7.01018E-06 0.00780766 0.00717628 0.004112009 0.001533974 0.006372906 0.011443532

0.018112041 0.000623739 3.967330731 2.343024852 0.847045062 0.479849134 1.43621445 5.74275376

0.023256754 0.000654394 0.728837319 0.669898838 0.383851981 0.143194959 0.594904644 1.068242444

0.009269129 0.000322257 0.466266066 0.459374216 0.230107925 0.083000507 0.361461021 1.344184154

0.04174452 0.001853054 2.969391952 3.364013293 1.356635244 0.372801073 2.081016257 4.335054454

0.00039775 2.1711E-05 0.031532346 0.034639183 0.01615046 0.004551639 0.024515062 0.054708107

0.000460585 1.6103E-05 0.120351875 0.251299797 0.076543393 0.015434113 0.162430605 0.15324171

0.038760908 0.001615564 10.5448572 6.998199516 2.645237862 1.288616347 4.386960099 15.66115981

0.001254227 4.17849E-05 0.060251873 0.051622607 0.0214499 0.008030179 0.034167594 0.09087101

9.81529E-05 3.92233E-06 0.032737988 0.036162631 0.019435973 0.006272965 0.029872371 0.103303095

0.000477151 1.61614E-05 0.550708062 0.501534613 0.309742026 0.133246954 0.47018694 2.571770253

0.021131312 0.000730427 35.22781581 27.04060116 11.2522977 3.104888439 16.10141912 60.44235566

6.81685E-05 2.43156E-05 0.051049092 0.060083388 0.028980609 0.007552293 0.043564641 0.090989708

0.003264835 0.001164559 2.444923257 2.877607921 1.387984838 0.361706267 2.086466158 4.357821897

5.78749E-05 2.06439E-05 0.043340541 0.051010633 0.024604459 0.006411876 0.036986262 0.077250015

0.008528024 0.000262422 1.818725634 1.826016264 0.809217189 0.231013919 1.24489413 2.955288614

0.00773919 0.000395504 0.60140168 0.653188774 0.318520518 0.093493249 0.484395375 1.035442283

6.91018E-05 1.93452E-06 0.002153796 0.001974941 0.001136662 0.00042538 0.001761929 0.003151322

0.015080666 0.000516563 30.76346989 41.9134632 11.13958318 2.13676959 16.3972875 26.44944444

0.004368228 0.001558137 3.271216767 3.850132821 1.857072309 0.48394959 2.791614445 5.830604303

0.000331894 1.10999E-05 0.761576072 1.040110459 0.275543525 0.05249084 0.404807108 0.64958983

0.008913916 0.000425754 0.671523339 0.946413663 0.291374876 0.064607581 0.493427406 0.775212032

6.08294E-06 2.16977E-06 0.004555305 0.005361469 0.00258605 0.00067392 0.003887438 0.008119357

5.37371E-05 1.91679E-05 0.040241877 0.047363591 0.022845345 0.005953454 0.034341902 0.071726969

0.026573248 0.001047072 9.195874793 8.085187646 3.364890383 1.287531561 5.344815375 19.20450228

0.001292356 3.91636E-05 0.788014152 0.661603924 0.409771784 0.156669011 0.623383703 1.260952518

0.00440587 0.000124959 0.475011205 0.674306623 0.206852468 0.046571645 0.335308964 0.614300147

9.40315E-07 3.66437E-08 0.000345267 0.000208821 7.74072E-05 4.19219E-05 0.000130093 0.000517356

0.007157218 0.000240701 4.371836057 5.950578528 2.522460476 0.574988526 4.050775695 7.369712207

0.001437358 4.40571E-05 0.080287936 0.062825092 0.025744702 0.010218855 0.040895017 0.125008545

0.012115488 0.000481817 0.548016478 0.570711419 0.255208521 0.075872909 0.391274341 0.881243358

0.036700092 0.002051956 4.63682748 4.839573643 2.508190098 0.808819715 3.780735376 10.43801375

0.009789759 0.000509626 0.733047836 0.798972269 0.374186274 0.107035359 0.568407609 1.286630529

0.000182553 5.11062E-06 0.005689906 0.005217406 0.003002838 0.001123772 0.00465467 0.008325172

0.000908732 3.94564E-05 0.053142307 0.046040791 0.026221189 0.009892284 0.040167348 0.093515246

0.000160762 9.12583E-06 0.013595116 0.014991566 0.007015595 0.00197146 0.01064093 0.023813336

0.000135645 4.49605E-06 0.161351385 0.140303189 0.090296142 0.039668966 0.134913504 0.773130149

0.075852356 0.003720903 0.383497103 0.330573189 0.140883474 0.052717035 0.221440197 0.634431919

0.044773015 0.001528955 21.08686224 21.89112593 9.050737854 2.575713133 14.18966175 32.52445568

0.000630174 2.78574E-05 0.017230069 0.015930212 0.008381014 0.003085772 0.013002233 0.033769716

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 1.367597134

277 Ethyl acetate Air ug 166.664377

278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng 337.0117681

279 Ethylene diamine Air pg 302.4595595

280 Ethylene oxide Air ng 299.0249805

281 Ethyne Air ug 37.46567518

282 Fluorine Air ug 10.83129382

283 Fluosilicic acid Air ug 6.698442856

284 Formaldehyde Air ug 490.1635213

285 Formic acid Air ug 24.88961676

286 Furan Air ug 7.008289835

287 Heat, waste Air MJ 4.492921561

288 Helium Air ug 132.4690907

289 Heptane Air ug 390.5826885

290 Hexane Air mg 1.140990034

291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air ug 1.846744774

292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg 2.485808943

293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air ug 149.3805071

294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air ug 825.1341619

295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air ug 36.43617798

296 Hydrogen Air mg 1.824179846

297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq 23.1313574

298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 5.75327743

299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 2.608227602

300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng 249.752835

301 Hydrogen sulfide Air ug 901.8342352

302 Iodine Air ug 19.72884508

303 Iodine-129 Air mBq 4.368195784

304 Iodine-131 Air mBq 98.92350102

305 Iodine-133 Air ug 67.0992334

306 Iodine-135 Air ug 15.92886287

307 Iron Air ug 286.1069615

308 Isocyanic acid Air ug 1.763215515

309 Isoprene Air ng 325.2127475

310 Krypton-85 Air mBq 890.068834

311 Krypton-85m Air mBq 731.2793247

312 Krypton-87 Air mBq 168.9256644

313 Krypton-88 Air mBq 218.4645063

314 Krypton-89 Air mBq 90.60040962

315 Lanthanum-140 Air ug 4.271205703

316 Lead Air ug 269.1036259

317 Lead-210 Air mBq 79.51538209

318 m-Xylene Air ug 1.841829465

319 Magnesium Air ug 186.7081842

320 Manganese Air ug 45.8311575

321 Manganese-54 Air nBq 397.5713484

322 Mercury Air ug 11.73770614

323 Methane, biogenic Air mg 3.40070219

324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg 0.003360583

325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air ug 1.151979377

326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air ug 1.196125399

327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air ug 4.528098577

328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air ng 16.34606495

329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 20.048007

330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg 29.77131668

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

8.96659E-05 4.8318E-06 0.010529231 0.010976853 0.00566463 0.001825198 0.008543757 0.023473198

0.006932762 0.000194515 0.216597574 0.198816767 0.114206352 0.04268092 0.177017074 0.31715387

0.013963209 0.000390887 0.435192003 0.399045144 0.229675709 0.085955258 0.356018498 0.636741029

0.004349913 0.000171051 5.194948871 4.715278703 2.823062111 1.166505232 4.249420161 5.666209583

0.021975861 0.000652987 9.743008954 9.025787965 5.009602265 1.837096905 7.921084265 15.3046828

0.000544908 1.78312E-05 0.882954266 1.162794999 0.459172696 0.101899715 0.702158436 1.31570253

0.00065447 2.49234E-05 0.273199858 0.336816962 0.135572856 0.036074055 0.205358273 0.556291523

0.000143483 4.82924E-06 0.188105351 0.163542677 0.1052844 0.046270403 0.157293975 0.902899926

0.126927959 0.006126011 5.633584081 5.190268077 2.050783791 0.734245848 3.441603788 9.027960036

7.5731E-05 2.38889E-06 0.01224611 0.008538054 0.003384516 0.001629775 0.00566284 0.018131697

1.90512E-05 6.09679E-07 0.003400896 0.002354333 0.000920705 0.000447682 0.001545452 0.005036739

0.00063399 2.80878E-05 0.162214864 0.110366074 0.042664579 0.019973669 0.070243461 0.242901744

0.033205132 0.001898968 14.99547633 8.777538193 3.129790341 1.79509067 5.334015246 21.79330963

0.181086069 0.006236361 39.67228639 23.42924107 8.469909263 4.798303167 14.36130674 57.42601183

0.000429003 1.47764E-05 0.086385887 0.051830352 0.018961051 0.010494795 0.032019859 0.125709105

2.41248E-05 7.76298E-07 0.012566752 0.010869177 0.006738752 0.002360626 0.010241838 0.022159529

0.000304918 1.24145E-05 0.075242323 0.089967872 0.043938874 0.009798703 0.06546684 0.134216132

0.040193491 0.001481978 2.088986231 2.327082882 0.983036312 0.275495468 1.5036031 3.309736786

0.082734056 0.003274372 6.198515959 6.609439988 3.141952503 1.012550149 4.864097758 11.46870275

0.000114133 3.80837E-06 1.349088562 3.049788068 0.902515504 0.172160679 1.967885925 1.837670915

8.84197E-05 2.83356E-06 0.009389501 0.007821363 0.00376484 0.001518908 0.006003477 0.016288362

0.002312891 0.000107419 0.141801367 0.152074332 0.070047392 0.020318669 0.106713013 0.244338753

0.001354879 4.97587E-05 0.102936079 0.117075391 0.047649925 0.01264736 0.072484388 0.161929925

0.000245577 8.30281E-06 0.016225392 0.016745711 0.007959489 0.002531296 0.012044575 0.038179274

0.010365806 0.000290467 0.323413974 0.296688413 0.170615711 0.063812817 0.26446138 0.473355242

0.178274533 0.005593578 14.93115366 18.32997094 8.518425902 1.896867075 12.68261114 25.71857717

0.008440331 0.000271405 0.264340033 0.255073106 0.109070686 0.036329859 0.169179368 0.441841092

0.000404258 1.93788E-05 0.0260917 0.028139978 0.01299401 0.003742326 0.019779363 0.044951962

0.020547412 0.000758884 0.800454479 0.815029066 0.358765188 0.109509893 0.552375889 1.263219375

0.000802924 0.000146178 0.291249638 0.339737171 0.163337941 0.043023885 0.2458087 0.518496516

0.001012235 5.69297E-05 0.085591688 0.094111504 0.04424242 0.012523555 0.06709999 0.151201142

0.049573094 0.004828807 7.16899689 8.76911244 3.368192869 0.793721951 5.032293975 10.49816664

0.000181053 7.29423E-06 0.013114946 0.013051573 0.005831521 0.001781266 0.008965759 0.021763851

0.000884054 2.82915E-05 0.157815287 0.109250523 0.042724442 0.020774249 0.071715226 0.233725144

0.162401809 0.006198132 6.770837586 6.968520571 3.090700959 0.931532323 4.748934043 10.780964

0.006655271 0.001538914 3.130106688 3.66789935 1.76480766 0.461941067 2.654579833 5.558310388

0.002877862 0.000393063 0.748779456 0.869040472 0.415860472 0.109916643 0.626395552 1.318857366

0.002736945 0.000480727 0.949465357 1.107910112 0.531798024 0.13979353 0.800402508 1.679991607

0.000635309 0.000185357 0.384166998 0.451356076 0.217491272 0.056778392 0.327022356 0.683711083

2.40328E-05 8.57245E-06 0.017997352 0.021182392 0.010217111 0.00266256 0.015358709 0.032078411

0.027246978 0.001559848 6.64642584 7.626618096 3.580332845 1.068242719 5.454162298 16.06035594

0.002179383 7.8665E-05 0.132585458 0.145973554 0.060611557 0.017212852 0.091847966 0.217696984

0.000424927 1.47825E-05 0.017298632 0.01813179 0.007881729 0.002512863 0.012509262 0.025545837

0.004330211 0.000146009 5.061400494 6.453982073 2.514583149 0.560510683 3.728593204 7.504682325

0.003436978 0.000126179 1.047392858 1.254185591 0.57457646 0.153631807 0.872223868 2.369669275

0.002237017 0.000797939 1.675225192 1.971694312 0.951026647 0.247835775 1.429615698 2.985914998

0.001665407 5.45407E-05 0.215657859 0.230389417 0.092982742 0.027348984 0.147057372 0.354591996

0.000359268 1.31566E-05 0.018075928 0.018462504 0.008525541 0.002780555 0.013362789 0.031797078

6.74532E-08 2.23292E-09 0.000162197 0.000151766 9.5255E-05 3.71049E-05 0.000142088 0.000516595

0.000327324 1.01153E-05 0.00677783 0.007411984 0.003399551 0.000952095 0.005143063 0.012053249

0.00046961 1.81757E-05 0.12497949 0.074035529 0.027241484 0.015292257 0.046029103 0.181438354

0.001244933 3.91148E-05 0.026885916 0.029247505 0.013359478 0.003776156 0.020260983 0.047035036

0.001086642 5.58257E-05 0.098622669 0.101531841 0.05241863 0.016979654 0.079380353 0.20658584

0.00190809 5.9368E-05 0.047883381 0.046842086 0.022605369 0.007451387 0.034819554 0.077577175

0.00135603 3.99166E-05 0.044739429 0.042065452 0.023150174 0.008381928 0.03585471 0.066550103

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

331 Methane, fossil Air mg 439.1364101

332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air ng 15.98146564

333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 252.4964567

334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air ug 51.58554582

335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg 48.33214163

336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng 9.472691727

337 Methanol Air ug 594.2129417

338 Methyl acrylate Air ng 105.3255975

339 Methyl amine Air pg 200.5151904

340 Methyl borate Air pg 0.035555825

341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air ug 166.6641398

342 Methyl formate Air pg 408.4761178

343 Molybdenum Air ug 3.763617528

344 Monoethanolamine Air ug 5.583177429

345 Nickel Air ug 270.6059024

346 Niobium-95 Air nBq 47.1951814

347 Nitrate Air ng 345.7052719

348 Nitrogen oxides Air g 1.271076731

349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 207.5762346

350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq 41970.63368

351 Ozone Air mg 1.24869452

352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air ug 73.82826912

353 Paraffins Air pg 75.17806643

354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg 118.428952

355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg 174.2648084

356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 96.66994286

357 Pentane Air mg 2.938715439

358 Phenol Air ug 24.71027199

359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng 466.1163893

360 Phosphine Air pg 80.242042

361 Phosphorus Air ug 8.214435302

362 Platinum Air pg 47.04500919

363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq 0.595892604

364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq 1.366008047

365 Polonium-210 Air mBq 93.06207916

366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng 151.0404783

367 Potassium Air ug 419.5694464

368 Potassium-40 Air mBq 2.674598541

369 Propanal Air ng 386.2028864

370 Propane Air mg 3.150349435

371 Propene Air ug 172.1723012

372 Propionic acid Air ug 10.73919224

373 Propylene oxide Air ug 2.638224402

374 Protactinium-234 Air ug 730.7158856

375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq 110.5784187

376 Radium-226 Air mBq 142.222057

377 Radium-228 Air mBq 2.967489871

378 Radon-220 Air mBq 68.92619874

379 Radon-222 Air Bq 96565.86837

380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq 10.36909058

381 Scandium Air ng 69.13274495

382 Selenium Air ug 12.12743375

383 Silicon Air ug 793.1534087

384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air ng 54.68572796

385 Silver Air ng 12.98995716

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.0747879 0.00290611 13.37571783 10.1623607 4.12984148 1.674492524 6.613965395 20.64781166

0.000982488 5.47324E-05 0.123258111 0.12863909 0.066645251 0.021488507 0.100464604 0.277164147

0.017788642 0.000538837 3.130815961 3.080274396 1.453375937 0.441174682 2.261502685 5.228468327

0.001105515 3.72125E-05 1.448539971 1.259395416 0.810759301 0.356310749 1.211267839 6.952857573

0.002201443 6.48024E-05 0.072632071 0.068291011 0.03758307 0.013607612 0.058208203 0.108040533

0.000431464 1.27007E-05 0.014235274 0.013384464 0.007365965 0.002666977 0.011408318 0.021175035

0.127854499 0.006283029 4.662112535 7.484012005 2.700201285 0.699798855 5.229028387 6.650922377

0.00436421 0.000122177 0.136025605 0.124729804 0.071787289 0.02686542 0.111276756 0.199025529

0.008383266 0.000235887 0.262721013 0.241475707 0.138365564 0.051616902 0.21444286 0.385065026

1.47327E-06 4.12445E-08 4.59195E-05 4.21063E-05 2.4234E-05 9.06923E-06 3.75648E-05 6.7187E-05

0.006932752 0.000194514 0.21659727 0.198816488 0.114206192 0.042680859 0.177016826 0.317153426

0.016919861 0.000473587 0.527260614 0.48343372 0.278281763 0.104155284 0.431364413 0.771411399

0.004107213 0.000168715 0.057490692 0.041949689 0.016141293 0.007163199 0.026129043 0.085279823

0.000238578 7.36711E-06 0.024120963 0.022118999 0.012812055 0.005161181 0.019570691 0.027343423

0.168861261 0.007643404 4.592961664 4.529831431 1.979261251 0.690896679 3.157461294 10.31459386

0.000265553 9.47223E-05 0.19886382 0.234057286 0.112895145 0.029420265 0.169707834 0.354454114

0.02591119 0.000955122 7.886927731 9.317653972 4.451688399 1.187753548 6.73602834 17.65107584

7.30645E-05 2.88852E-06 0.104890317 0.066629083 0.023232459 0.013511877 0.039680717 0.194726825

0.019317356 0.000833335 14.10274432 11.40643339 5.26668411 2.063175978 8.075623029 29.59468859

3.884781353 0.186211892 250.708334 270.3865335 124.8542065 35.95910053 190.052212 431.9358988

0.000138539 6.16311E-06 0.008148313 0.008627488 0.003996653 0.001190165 0.006093123 0.014772177

0.001793669 6.17279E-05 8.892924791 5.231080335 1.957844844 1.106135579 3.292884954 14.74751273

0.003059472 9.73631E-05 0.712060438 0.762353848 0.290220856 0.093261426 0.498960098 1.043117449

0.013853835 0.000495835 14.2110054 7.699189782 1.760449429 1.276947036 3.505625154 17.9538345

0.013738146 0.000474274 3.166288081 3.857657442 1.734810957 0.397601534 2.621337446 5.398503167

0.003444809 0.00012034 1.970815934 2.452788515 1.080089803 0.242786442 1.630161313 3.361307597

0.001054941 3.62E-05 0.221238462 0.13425116 0.049157058 0.026891185 0.08284971 0.322050639

0.000228078 7.11426E-06 0.108981647 0.109132606 0.063434081 0.022584608 0.099553396 0.170587365

0.111167526 0.003976831 4.057966702 4.10556708 1.786382679 0.551967998 2.764890641 6.340759574

0.003324862 9.30802E-05 0.10363077 0.09502509 0.054690969 0.020467354 0.084775921 0.151627115

0.002070165 6.53275E-05 0.151509416 0.182962237 0.0754525 0.020667219 0.11741629 0.205576253

0.005569119 0.000243115 0.299601982 0.318876081 0.144707712 0.041970464 0.220995701 0.490663991

5.51473E-05 2.64358E-06 0.00355933 0.003838748 0.001772593 0.000510514 0.002698225 0.006132175

0.000126418 6.06007E-06 0.008159312 0.008799843 0.004063445 0.001170288 0.006185338 0.014057232

0.003846523 0.000136657 0.232035686 0.255621925 0.105578667 0.029973994 0.159964831 0.379958536

0.004542386 0.00014358 3.560527792 4.422743176 1.947018292 0.429659387 2.937487453 5.794453663

0.083886628 0.002916642 5.051466237 5.683957025 2.37230479 0.676105355 3.681066729 7.486925126

0.000489909 1.62227E-05 0.029805143 0.033071713 0.013325893 0.003761666 0.020155277 0.048434233

0.022831735 0.000639397 24.67564729 28.71493761 13.26980367 3.703017846 19.56438708 33.77328452

0.001177973 3.91522E-05 0.183357042 0.114144189 0.042361404 0.022344697 0.070776428 0.268364952

0.039380988 0.001349374 9.499216174 6.486830551 2.510965512 1.174031028 4.091950862 13.95414476

0.000806239 2.67018E-05 0.073597679 0.082243859 0.037943998 0.010411631 0.057160245 0.132289241

0.000280309 6.37977E-06 0.022133217 0.018168248 0.007289603 0.002887355 0.012221619 0.033933375

0.054689723 0.002879322 4.116317149 4.498772532 2.09483755 0.594558433 3.181752863 7.158093261

0.000956109 5.3082E-05 14.37439364 12.2081905 8.108327021 3.636880284 12.060003 11.29494705

0.002314875 0.000112476 0.166016483 0.181622258 0.082611156 0.023446266 0.125437127 0.284883922

0.000223176 7.34908E-06 0.072222753 0.090611465 0.033767418 0.007878486 0.050013248 0.105093884

0.022052001 0.000741742 0.757830018 0.73593139 0.326302736 0.108443468 0.504354278 1.355494834

7.228358926 0.380455805 542.567254 593.1210803 275.9671709 78.25019406 419.1813949 941.4996237

5.83438E-05 2.08111E-05 0.043691684 0.051423919 0.024803803 0.006463825 0.037285923 0.077875891

0.001207996 3.97954E-05 2.000304565 2.543519906 1.023505001 0.224319845 1.51373041 3.042507121

0.004524738 0.000200192 0.219327008 0.204049431 0.095269843 0.034918988 0.150038827 0.529581754

0.127858981 0.003623734 21.67999636 27.27488699 10.80734797 2.50980488 16.00608787 34.37771828

0.001703936 5.04724E-05 0.270302996 0.213159347 0.091305965 0.035703522 0.145101336 0.452523626

0.001949924 7.75161E-05 0.088568604 0.0921621 0.041245417 0.01227949 0.063246377 0.142404998

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

386 Silver-110 Air nBq 102.7656271

387 Sodium Air ug 209.6677917

388 Sodium chlorate Air ng 649.4199757

389 Sodium dichromate Air ug 1.919546854

390 Sodium formate Air ng 21.48494559

391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng 931.2328824

392 Strontium Air ug 12.91520479

393 Styrene Air ng 396.7031073

394 Sulfate Air mg 219.6919328

395 Sulfur dioxide Air g 1.030484703

396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air ug 12.43228819

397 Sulfuric acid Air ng 195.0518201

398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng 386.8999271

399 Terpenes Air ug 3.075121297

400 Thallium Air ng 116.05605

401 Thorium Air ng 93.52330197

402 Thorium-228 Air ug 672.2672862

403 Thorium-230 Air mBq 103.1116234

404 Thorium-232 Air mBq 1.616970047

405 Thorium-234 Air ug 730.858058

406 Tin Air ug 13.28490755

407 Titanium Air ug 18.91381094

408 Toluene Air ug 444.2295934

409 Uranium Air ng 107.1487303

410 Uranium-234 Air mBq 108.9033915

411 Uranium-235 Air ug 411.9461941

412 Uranium-238 Air mBq 110.9297213

413 Uranium alpha Air mBq 39.68737004

414 Vanadium Air ug 451.759066

415 water Air mg 11.66365425

416 Xenon-131m Air mBq 877.5285002

417 Xenon-133 Air Bq 31.87723756

418 Xenon-133m Air mBq 37.04612815

419 Xenon-135 Air Bq 12.7673863

420 Xenon-135m Air Bq 8.021379663

421 Xenon-137 Air mBq 248.0171587

422 Xenon-138 Air Bq 1.861233735

423 Xylene Air ug 505.3063031

424 Zinc Air ug 464.7644269

425 Zinc-65 Air ug 1.98517045

426 Zirconium Air ng 260.3459297

427 Zirconium-95 Air ug 1.940428749

428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg 768.9081536

429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water pg 87.1886299

430 Acenaphthene Water ng 10.44306479

431 Acenaphthylene Water pg 653.1112765

432 Acetaldehyde Water ug 1.104071771

433 Acetic acid Water ug 23.00954958

434 Acetone Water pg 207.8104951

435 Acidity, unspecified Water ug 15.24182881

436 Acrylate, ion Water ng 219.7085264

437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq 7.095161941

438 Aluminum Water mg 69.29396626

439 Ammonium, ion Water mg 3.724432384

440 Antimony Water ug 133.5195734

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.000578232 0.000206254 0.433018044 0.509650415 0.245824681 0.064061455 0.369532047 0.771809712

0.189211096 0.009281882 3.518068287 2.926930129 1.158227947 0.44272026 1.836372715 5.455707659

0.023104077 0.000798729 3.104524763 2.332781383 1.052887206 0.457684058 1.674524407 4.938326293

0.000237084 1.09262E-05 0.003490948 0.003275355 0.001610786 0.000572265 0.002477692 0.00819126

0.000470467 1.48997E-05 0.692803143 1.421846867 0.443396956 0.091125339 0.921108534 0.938563582

0.038612297 0.001081379 1.203985897 1.104205373 0.635301436 0.237695221 0.984761653 1.761842322

0.002122222 6.84217E-05 0.291081922 0.351658485 0.137828914 0.033660206 0.205510367 0.444500749

0.017467658 0.000577657 6.302435542 6.338557871 2.613542968 0.891159281 4.411824213 9.388705016

8.81431E-05 3.44954E-06 0.016223325 0.01607441 0.008107355 0.00230423 0.012341856 0.030482934

0.000195069 7.74175E-06 0.014146295 0.010516786 0.004277961 0.001832008 0.006873226 0.022784846

0.002206496 8.5801E-05 0.081393815 0.081780036 0.03789517 0.011754254 0.058473242 0.135819212

0.008108841 0.000227437 0.253251908 0.232426276 0.133551254 0.049920782 0.207003468 0.370783412

0.004724265 0.000167023 6.732376545 14.65579349 4.412105502 0.843059766 9.447999149 8.546739383

8.35937E-06 2.67517E-07 0.001492256 0.001033042 0.00040399 0.000196435 0.000678118 0.002210037

0.002929388 9.75992E-05 3.351393544 5.433506808 1.826114172 0.390442488 3.30807777 4.637149452

0.001604544 5.30013E-05 2.654764334 3.381188159 1.332321943 0.294007379 1.969447265 3.973221073

0.101871293 0.003348195 8.805439146 10.25051665 3.99484288 1.050918933 5.994247225 13.65329895

0.000205103 1.07244E-05 0.015680875 0.016994457 0.007898196 0.002257073 0.012009116 0.027209471

0.000156774 5.14927E-06 0.008574867 0.009371433 0.003793496 0.001090969 0.005753768 0.013943336

0.054700111 0.002879874 4.117117284 4.499647261 2.095245869 0.59467454 3.182372854 7.159502362

0.000590164 2.35313E-05 0.375917903 0.468441721 0.178362912 0.047859944 0.269768868 0.75428571

0.000319144 1.06178E-05 0.528477278 0.684187906 0.266013531 0.059356016 0.400044992 0.802399061

0.134280908 0.004752475 27.3335514 17.39316922 6.467927735 3.335903048 10.83373182 40.16490061

0.001785497 5.92462E-05 2.948163348 3.765342585 1.431530446 0.319544383 2.114192631 4.296927965

0.00063894 3.35599E-05 0.048252066 0.052601915 0.024467505 0.006955532 0.037176747 0.083745092

0.030860607 0.001624334 2.316125499 2.532130714 1.178174081 0.334046294 1.789577019 4.019212935

0.001024571 4.61071E-05 0.070477462 0.077136214 0.034310546 0.00975003 0.052079933 0.119636605

0.00297306 0.000156488 0.223128629 0.243940159 0.113501643 0.032180207 0.172402368 0.387173578

0.623061108 0.024912253 3.344776601 2.432161998 0.970571118 0.432003179 1.568173442 5.094158107

0.000881727 3.2132E-05 0.268453854 0.317172343 0.151541916 0.040432988 0.229307871 0.601109166

0.013051825 0.00198867 3.853308085 4.483655274 2.148700436 0.566448335 3.235304002 6.801753905

0.000408595 7.0404E-05 0.138718388 0.161810505 0.077653695 0.020420065 0.11688153 0.245376203

0.001918144 0.000122275 0.188908567 0.21147148 0.099062859 0.02718538 0.150032284 0.322725996

0.000168033 2.83209E-05 0.055643241 0.064879054 0.031128432 0.008189081 0.046856202 0.098391507

9.82594E-05 1.75883E-05 0.034818744 0.040642986 0.019512429 0.005127466 0.029366477 0.061626274

0.001742306 0.000507499 1.051711559 1.235631225 0.595398141 0.155437488 0.895249488 1.871730245

1.59286E-05 3.88849E-06 0.007947282 0.009319049 0.004485572 0.001173303 0.006746431 0.014120579

0.165143673 0.005627348 20.04204783 13.39559481 5.125624223 2.494816171 8.461526347 30.11682057

0.028387568 0.0011858 15.10373232 15.88840439 7.005626456 2.256697266 10.72756916 35.55783978

1.117E-05 3.9843E-06 0.008364807 0.009845149 0.004748707 0.001237504 0.007138419 0.0149094

0.0052541 0.000169546 8.799008944 11.04352578 5.13584606 1.080749665 7.620428036 14.87677213

1.09182E-05 3.8945E-06 0.008176281 0.00962326 0.004641681 0.001209613 0.006977534 0.014573372

0.032147001 0.000904545 1.007446366 0.925977925 0.530585301 0.197933432 0.822316044 1.476593854

0.001750039 5.79319E-05 4.208121728 3.937486475 2.471343026 0.962668881 3.68639364 13.40280002

0.005403225 0.00016957 1.022539674 0.607972537 0.223903857 0.125284607 0.377795572 1.479846754

0.337918709 0.010604923 63.94982831 38.02271948 14.00299027 7.835323469 23.62740775 92.54990106

4.59161E-05 1.28812E-06 0.001434346 0.001316522 0.000756332 0.000282677 0.001172302 0.002100158

0.000415781 1.30643E-05 0.843489664 1.736514677 0.543350034 0.11396956 1.14680156 1.088286636

0.004171146 0.000138078 10.02988414 9.384836206 5.890343919 2.294481472 8.786366818 31.94501965

0.000201553 6.58829E-06 0.079403734 0.064473805 0.038815168 0.016055759 0.059717872 0.157798369

0.009103715 0.00025486 0.283748524 0.260185542 0.149747806 0.056041091 0.232122568 0.415165922

0.000656627 3.14765E-05 0.04238016 0.045707132 0.021105877 0.006078575 0.032127174 0.073014459

0.018740355 0.000610977 1.074079189 1.085360757 0.50372241 0.167410265 0.772921507 2.394025316

9.11518E-05 3.23821E-06 0.01899725 0.014677225 0.006085835 0.002405839 0.009693237 0.029403861

0.00801393 0.000248877 0.837831269 0.79842081 0.477224944 0.172168555 0.718845226 2.291278287

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

441 Antimony-122 Water ug 29.68055172

442 Antimony-124 Water ug 2.140993199

443 Antimony-125 Water mBq 1.978482386

444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water ug 6.926991988

445 Arsenic, ion Water mg 1.576746414

446 Barite Water mg 8.045343233

447 Barium Water mg 2.363991778

448 Barium-140 Water ug 130.0165762

449 Benzene Water ug 191.4900845

450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng 258.5065267

451 Benzene, chloro- Water ug 5.337953103

452 Benzene, ethyl- Water ug 40.30218725

453 Beryllium Water ug 5.662453103

454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 350.9171954

455 Boron Water ug 998.582694

456 Bromate Water ug 40.1911709

457 Bromine Water mg 1.374407615

458 Butanol Water ng 604.7806527

459 Butene Water ng 230.8293461

460 Butyl acetate Water ng 786.2062843

461 Butyrolactone Water ng 1.335064594

462 Cadmium, ion Water ug 633.504368

463 Calcium, ion Water g 25.27824636

464 Carbonate Water mg 1.423152509

465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg 7.087331272

466 Cerium-141 Water ug 51.98275229

467 Cerium-144 Water ug 15.82524992

468 Cesium Water ug 1.678949334

469 Cesium-134 Water ug 863.4885554

470 Cesium-136 Water ug 9.22592371

471 Cesium-137 Water mBq 829.6540227

472 Chlorate Water ug 826.2696714

473 Chloride Water g 93.63190003

474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng 297.5528577

475 Chlorine Water ug 23.66589358

476 Chloroform Water ng 12.27677468

477 Chromium-51 Water mBq 9.745913016

478 Chromium VI Water mg 1.531931478

479 Chromium, ion Water ug 910.1172635

480 Cobalt Water ug 874.920903

481 Cobalt-57 Water ug 292.865621

482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq 43.55512082

483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq 38.42706754

484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 442.4528025

485 Copper, ion Water mg 1.343024541

486 Cumene Water ug 95.94747305

487 Cyanide Water ug 112.4694444

488 Dichromate Water ug 7.120407528

489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg 147.4683959

490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water ug 178.292951

491 Ethanol Water ug 1.391568433

492 Ethene Water ug 73.05898944

493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng 746.6579459

494 Ethyl acetate Water pg 94.91163223

495 Ethylene diamine Water pg 733.2352939

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.000167004 5.95699E-05 0.125063358 0.147196158 0.070998566 0.018502094 0.106727466 0.222912453

0.000105446 6.90447E-06 0.010951561 0.012243878 0.005769815 0.001595795 0.008733791 0.019277801

9.58997E-05 6.3319E-06 0.010160585 0.011347517 0.005361921 0.001489328 0.00811471 0.018145123

0.001089271 3.21837E-05 0.220063308 0.162403303 0.086733681 0.040684628 0.134161546 0.253953383

1.63197E-05 5.21296E-07 0.00146696 0.001565004 0.000704301 0.000219972 0.001090483 0.003058626

0.004178865 0.000116423 0.453351134 0.280165273 0.105169366 0.055976316 0.175508942 0.660133182

0.001036575 3.31049E-05 0.154387566 0.095887342 0.036330696 0.019231105 0.060577679 0.228832598

0.000731565 0.000260948 0.547843916 0.644797332 0.311011418 0.081048997 0.467522974 0.976474909

0.062061204 0.001912894 12.63757848 7.954503473 3.311604188 1.68606042 5.428870993 18.56747311

0.010807805 0.000304108 0.338702966 0.311313257 0.178382479 0.066545108 0.276462202 0.496430257

0.000223173 6.27958E-06 0.006993946 0.00642837 0.003683456 0.001374103 0.005708724 0.010250889

0.020850438 0.000654354 3.945955754 2.346182816 0.864072983 0.483479853 1.457949949 5.71085697

0.002291137 7.36743E-05 0.080984733 0.079607689 0.034638769 0.011454747 0.053486395 0.143654965

0.192356013 0.005280195 28.75790404 18.20990317 6.802374488 3.573183451 11.41761656 41.21135355

0.312423154 0.010510282 12.05246385 11.63989519 4.941420318 1.657681499 7.811060011 19.95692083

0.017861248 0.000506148 0.586413866 0.558623137 0.310116909 0.111809707 0.474095267 1.379567727

0.000622113 1.9535E-05 0.117258317 0.070602801 0.026296087 0.014481176 0.044230658 0.171693821

0.025157141 0.000705841 0.785974431 0.721452606 0.414424168 0.154877622 0.642347422 1.150865937

0.00840031 0.00025151 0.278267027 0.26451144 0.138669074 0.04948573 0.215807767 0.415414261

0.032703927 0.000917584 1.021755699 0.937878248 0.53874561 0.201338729 0.835042643 1.496109632

5.58172E-05 1.57057E-06 0.001749242 0.001607787 0.000921262 0.000343674 0.001427798 0.00256383

0.00154698 4.87614E-05 0.168188052 0.170935403 0.074952965 0.023046246 0.116130131 0.300726464

8.08046E-05 2.63951E-06 0.008464299 0.00678451 0.002741649 0.001084895 0.004401814 0.013135578

1.12451E-05 5.22465E-07 0.001588392 0.001551623 0.000893355 0.000311357 0.00136097 0.003145958

0.003777236 0.000115833 0.68423132 0.407150625 0.149986587 0.083854342 0.25300386 0.98986828

0.000292492 0.000104331 0.219036952 0.257800512 0.124347448 0.032404714 0.186923326 0.390410628

8.9044E-05 3.17618E-05 0.066682012 0.078482907 0.03785543 0.009865055 0.056905574 0.118853764

0.000868686 2.7262E-05 0.164395446 0.097744781 0.035997405 0.02014222 0.060738838 0.237917485

0.089751866 0.004097452 5.466789051 5.821549969 2.696641019 0.795094416 4.10824367 9.784955101

5.19115E-05 1.85167E-05 0.038874783 0.045754558 0.022069245 0.005751204 0.033175241 0.069290265

0.075518884 0.003645332 4.930324293 5.323329794 2.459647479 0.707462204 3.743390535 8.498762562

0.138441392 0.003944457 4.662868888 4.40985488 2.436085319 0.882297704 3.727595054 10.839024

0.000633286 1.97928E-05 0.102833207 0.065749233 0.024856973 0.012659307 0.041372178 0.150993723

0.054830361 0.001752015 2.905532363 2.692392258 1.511976837 0.550265786 2.321019565 5.776083296

0.001778043 9.06264E-05 0.165490631 0.202322319 0.086185514 0.023114819 0.139456565 0.276293733

0.000508816 1.42464E-05 0.015861464 0.014545341 0.0083704 0.003132227 0.012974843 0.023208751

0.00010167 2.08616E-05 0.042116687 0.049217659 0.023685112 0.006228077 0.03563417 0.075238956

8.70605E-05 2.73469E-06 0.031984954 0.039901151 0.016451218 0.003959787 0.025612593 0.053832365

0.003385874 0.000123173 0.594453581 0.462524563 0.17139434 0.073388757 0.291557105 0.878397463

0.081722508 0.002436579 36.40003152 48.37060939 14.97252237 3.06331453 22.11192411 39.96875084

0.001647868 0.000587791 1.234032253 1.45242227 0.700561072 0.182564912 1.053107302 2.199534387

0.000801747 0.00010293 0.195387845 0.225992114 0.108254257 0.028801914 0.163089863 0.348082369

0.000621329 8.84117E-05 0.170584803 0.197870339 0.094899759 0.025164577 0.142917194 0.304037061

0.196949301 0.005418981 31.37349857 21.63353924 8.07406472 3.897762118 13.55998656 45.29254448

5.82471E-05 1.89182E-06 0.013631604 0.018954137 0.006804847 0.001733461 0.011518071 0.022267249

0.003105488 9.41083E-05 1.893583209 1.589821185 0.984673838 0.376472765 1.497979258 3.030043244

0.006971275 0.00025109 2.126213133 2.249891582 1.119943773 0.350637206 1.724832172 5.378312554

0.000879612 4.05599E-05 0.012912182 0.012112961 0.005952931 0.002113521 0.009156108 0.030369418

0.060303458 0.001681114 9.993131466 7.093986285 2.666693669 1.24732543 4.470573019 14.4599794

3.28537E-05 1.47063E-06 0.00333771 0.003122103 0.001430011 0.000472317 0.002212239 0.005689862

5.78852E-05 1.6241E-06 0.001808484 0.001660022 0.000953567 0.000356365 0.001478006 0.002648079

0.001233465 3.76702E-05 3.062569738 6.084089494 1.948027266 0.424618311 4.058886371 4.00719732

0.008745668 0.000389342 0.183802488 0.177611999 0.089641829 0.033003211 0.139858984 0.367894346

0.003941014 0.000110462 0.122993835 0.11284369 0.064878142 0.024261491 0.100562935 0.180032043

0.010545244 0.00041467 12.59381543 11.43097865 6.843786921 2.827891468 10.30162461 13.73626561

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

496 Ethylene oxide Water ng 105.0413239

497 Fluoride Water mg 273.1333208

498 Fluosilicic acid Water ug 12.05719711

499 Formaldehyde Water ug 6.401532273

500 Glutaraldehyde Water ng 993.2522355

501 Heat, waste Water kJ 103.1794101

502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water ug 218.2634126

503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water ug 20.14739183

504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water ug 904.4170062

505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water ug 278.6253596

506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq 1879.224171

507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ug 2.151318215

508 Hydrogen sulfide Water ug 62.08662892

509 Hydroxide Water ug 6.966422727

510 Hypochlorite Water ug 25.12863342

511 Iodide Water ug 170.6192939

512 Iodine-131 Water ug 506.10986

513 Iodine-133 Water ug 81.62151724

514 Iron-59 Water ug 22.43949998

515 Iron, ion Water mg 65.59497822

516 Lanthanum-140 Water ug 138.4783988

517 Lead Water ug 643.3456295

518 Lead-210 Water Bq 64.55364537

519 Lithium, ion Water ug 22.35437812

520 m-Xylene Water pg 629.9870187

521 Magnesium Water g 1.451390824

522 Manganese Water mg 2.000755886

523 Manganese-54 Water mBq 2.622162865

524 Mercury Water ug 89.23093518

525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water ug 20.13499187

526 Methanol Water ug 19.8299695

527 Methyl acrylate Water ug 2.057566379

528 Methyl amine Water pg 481.2279402

529 Methyl formate Water pg 163.0809974

530 Molybdenum Water ug 68.76031438

531 Molybdenum-99 Water ug 47.74437906

532 Nickel, ion Water mg 4.800358521

533 Niobium-95 Water ug 183.2526463

534 Nitrate Water g 49.61428821

535 Nitrite Water ug 18.29937076

536 Nitrogen Water mg 2.580248397

537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water ug 709.4935103

538 o-Xylene Water pg 458.8875271

539 Oils, unspecified Water mg 94.10702262

540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water ug 10.38925201

541 Paraffins Water pg 218.1741088

542 Phenol Water ug 186.7844906

543 Phosphate Water g 1.112598773

544 Phosphorus Water mg 176.9601266

545 Polonium-210 Water Bq 98.51213941

546 Potassium-40 Water Bq 7.806471105

547 Potassium, ion Water g 1.193708102

548 Propene Water ug 41.63298929

549 Propylene oxide Water ug 6.345200256

550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq 13.46229403

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.004363069 0.000123156 0.160516762 0.14718876 0.084833371 0.032286413 0.131074311 0.223174503

0.003027731 8.48842E-05 0.067193331 0.059236574 0.031777441 0.012792202 0.049491217 0.181549765

0.000258269 8.69263E-06 0.338589631 0.294376819 0.189511919 0.083286726 0.283129155 1.625219865

0.000182286 5.72339E-06 0.155076376 0.198550857 0.091334736 0.027292051 0.158710363 0.24677992

0.5159092 0.014373156 55.9692755 34.58830495 12.98387214 6.91065629 21.66777032 81.49792304

0.028175602 0.000930034 2.930757531 2.344898848 0.956742369 0.405312344 1.596580361 4.348574758

0.112929132 0.003544062 21.37140799 12.70682152 4.679662611 2.618488575 7.89604895 30.92927301

0.010424228 0.000327144 1.972745351 1.172937369 0.431968855 0.241706637 0.728866055 2.855009812

0.464992785 0.014577578 87.55846779 52.07175782 19.17555938 10.72687367 32.3540464 126.7217785

0.083966134 0.002387663 9.551209475 6.217050888 2.489748148 1.240216513 4.09128234 14.29660229

0.173005547 0.008311283 11.2089151 12.09260757 5.585426109 1.608174847 8.50157204 19.32245752

0.000141638 3.98772E-06 0.005734689 0.005467505 0.00310203 0.001212597 0.004824401 0.006987854

0.009409763 0.000289928 1.482211799 1.556212736 0.656785527 0.203438431 1.07111567 2.282191522

0.00029719 8.45617E-06 0.009425696 0.008708121 0.004941895 0.00183068 0.007656254 0.013867044

0.009371079 0.000307869 0.300167139 0.288212952 0.126172891 0.042391769 0.195601049 0.523388196

0.087794288 0.002756195 16.47841469 9.815275837 3.616377973 2.019208828 6.099337699 23.85269037

0.01895123 0.001465046 2.469341988 2.793711252 1.324700396 0.361537983 2.00173163 4.372830224

0.00045926 0.000163817 0.343924235 0.404789435 0.195246057 0.050880759 0.293500533 0.613009247

0.00012626 4.50368E-05 0.094552125 0.111285269 0.053677315 0.013988208 0.080689571 0.168529347

0.019030213 0.000633239 1.038078695 1.140918574 0.435905105 0.124834933 0.666424558 1.553954513

0.000779177 0.000277931 0.583499047 0.686762448 0.331252864 0.08632388 0.497950606 1.040026479

0.020865647 0.000738405 2.621742211 2.543570654 1.120789997 0.383814312 1.806979277 4.912045912

1.59124E-06 5.15922E-08 0.000141505 0.000120486 5.36436E-05 1.94243E-05 8.44377E-05 0.000248009

0.000448694 1.48532E-05 1.078924444 1.009536007 0.633630055 0.246819616 0.94515807 3.436357002

0.012645019 0.000418591 30.4060525 28.45056019 17.85684699 6.955825529 26.63627287 96.84278817

1.25475E-05 4.10507E-07 0.001231008 0.000904577 0.000354596 0.000155316 0.000580253 0.001844147

0.000218556 7.41631E-06 0.02142977 0.02370929 0.008977668 0.002791711 0.015545525 0.033227663

4.93671E-05 6.22675E-06 0.011794858 0.013632217 0.006530062 0.001739441 0.009838455 0.021041743

0.000279502 8.6081E-06 0.036373356 0.040501993 0.016019753 0.004608303 0.025757837 0.057292942

0.011030017 0.000320059 1.677570134 1.006024685 0.370650984 0.20538059 0.624196971 2.427949947

0.005125744 0.000162614 0.132890362 0.155353147 0.071333921 0.020338148 0.114003825 0.227919142

8.52561E-05 2.38676E-06 0.0026573 0.002436633 0.001402385 0.000524824 0.002173823 0.003888021

0.020119483 0.000566118 0.63051927 0.579531426 0.332071474 0.123878372 0.514653748 0.924139705

0.006755126 0.000189076 0.210504834 0.193007287 0.111101908 0.041583213 0.17221901 0.307980227

0.016361933 0.000576741 0.709434435 0.783127716 0.323044781 0.09713128 0.523156256 1.135796196

0.000268644 9.58246E-05 0.201177945 0.236780948 0.114208876 0.029762621 0.171682678 0.358578802

0.000166146 5.17773E-06 0.137341771 0.181794261 0.056430353 0.01163538 0.083660572 0.15053032

0.007943126 0.000559013 0.938185028 1.048419533 0.499435115 0.139638538 0.755129787 1.735680772

5.3234E-07 1.72672E-08 8.21633E-05 9.36518E-05 5.21378E-05 1.35425E-05 8.34675E-05 0.000183762

0.001663985 6.79768E-05 0.123083954 0.11837806 0.054045928 0.017859209 0.083991777 0.21543683

0.00015117 4.76725E-06 0.009961502 0.007760197 0.003184606 0.001335938 0.005168419 0.015572648

0.193919571 0.006497329 22.18319549 19.09498872 8.296405417 3.161653848 13.04416524 44.07723277

0.009210732 0.000304905 22.14800912 20.72361305 13.00706858 5.066678327 19.40207182 70.5410528

0.058923436 0.001614875 8.589263541 5.131692749 1.888223748 1.052321815 3.181908998 12.38792495

0.00508787 0.00015572 0.939942152 0.572277438 0.2144735 0.115631924 0.35919503 1.373522375

0.008878889 0.000282557 2.0664691 2.212425503 0.842249336 0.270653788 1.448031051 3.027228946

0.083823511 0.002584972 15.28121265 9.138199257 3.399446015 1.88626492 5.723939404 22.16315421

1.47212E-06 4.31046E-08 0.000370739 0.000451494 0.000210965 4.8506E-05 0.000314174 0.000621159

5.25539E-06 1.69482E-07 0.001755538 0.001507798 0.000737156 0.00027159 0.001143591 0.003532554

1.92942E-06 6.1615E-08 0.000197174 0.000165541 7.35418E-05 2.68671E-05 0.000116041 0.000342901

1.26782E-06 4.31373E-08 5.65949E-05 5.3162E-05 2.38485E-05 8.10689E-06 3.69783E-05 0.000103544

6.54497E-06 2.08453E-07 0.000852513 0.000572351 0.000219829 0.000107175 0.000364439 0.001264077

0.001715207 4.79916E-05 0.74195645 0.621890092 0.377409706 0.144535816 0.576349305 1.184538468

0.000674362 1.53476E-05 0.053253847 0.043713445 0.017538411 0.006946889 0.029404869 0.081645979

0.001008517 5.30828E-05 0.075690378 0.082749372 0.038502422 0.010916546 0.058482911 0.131346832

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq 35.06747214

552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water Bq 4.255537288

553 Radium-224 Water mBq 83.9474667

554 Radium-226 Water Bq 81.19977776

555 Radium-228 Water mBq 167.9336767

556 Rubidium Water ug 17.309811

557 Ruthenium-103 Water ug 10.07449379

558 Scandium Water ug 12.89245434

559 Selenium Water ug 17.79505937

560 Silicon Water g 1.353817282

561 Silver-110 Water mBq 37.55581105

562 Silver, ion Water ug 1.839655076

563 Sodium-24 Water ug 361.2466991

564 Sodium formate Water ug 51.61626945

565 Sodium, ion Water g 54.34839933

566 Solids, inorganic Water mg 66.66980578

567 Solved solids Water mg 60.64190309

568 Strontium Water mg 3.852175059

569 Strontium-89 Water ug 815.1682294

570 Strontium-90 Water Bq 2.735711775

571 Sulfate Water g 75.6215466

572 Sulfide Water ug 5.601693235

573 Sulfite Water ug 70.80940976

574 Sulfur Water ug 477.9050446

575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 91.68829349

576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water ug 4.40322855

577 Technetium-99m Water mBq 1.097236977

578 Tellurium-123m Water ug 133.8903489

579 Tellurium-132 Water ug 2.764493865

580 Thallium Water ug 1.045924368

581 Thorium-228 Water Bq 1.127221263

582 Thorium-230 Water Bq 1.836798623

583 Thorium-232 Water ug 781.1663928

584 Thorium-234 Water mBq 13.46381368

585 Tin, ion Water ug 38.29538746

586 Titanium, ion Water ug 6.149950782

587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg 149.3153128

588 Toluene Water ug 218.4239949

589 Tributyltin compounds Water ug 3.735325663

590 Triethylene glycol Water ug 12.35748864

591 Tungsten Water ug 10.45982904

592 Uranium-234 Water mBq 16.15475274

593 Uranium-235 Water mBq 26.65534198

594 Uranium-238 Water Bq 33.16054394

595 Uranium alpha Water mBq 775.5955049

596 Vanadium, ion Water ug 546.2235989

597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water ug 619.8933314

598 Xylene Water ug 170.3737774

599 Zinc-65 Water mBq 4.897688009

600 Zinc, ion Water mg 3.889680555

601 Zirconium-95 Water ug 56.71659733

602 2,4-D Soil mg 6.324838009

603 Aclonifen Soil mg 18.77702548

604 Aldrin Soil ng 2.387679872

605 Aluminum Soil ug 839.2272101

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

1.95385E-06 6.23073E-08 0.000320488 0.000259552 0.000113363 4.27751E-05 0.000179565 0.000542651

0.000393775 1.88758E-05 0.025543797 0.027519026 0.012729675 0.003678029 0.019374441 0.043880707

0.043434281 0.001363101 8.219772309 4.887239052 1.799870239 1.007110991 3.036941911 11.89587425

0.000698102 3.524E-05 0.060373683 0.059408994 0.026881504 0.008420987 0.041319428 0.100980572

0.08686934 0.002726227 16.44141455 9.776227774 3.600838648 2.014649755 6.075521914 23.79770418

0.008725835 0.000274672 1.646879895 0.980646074 0.361462167 0.201844123 0.609648747 2.384251405

5.66862E-05 2.02198E-05 0.042450357 0.049962912 0.024099101 0.006280181 0.036226591 0.075663355

0.004989662 0.000159227 0.20564778 0.214940575 0.087460067 0.026457388 0.133840107 0.327273124

0.004571732 0.000154114 0.255275587 0.240360451 0.113379823 0.040510042 0.174080832 0.572945663

0.000182938 5.71862E-06 0.03752727 0.048228074 0.015938244 0.003547284 0.02367754 0.046759621

0.000577488 8.55956E-05 0.165848466 0.192654436 0.092398162 0.024444486 0.139132743 0.294786222

0.000700867 2.3964E-05 0.153454952 0.09185125 0.034131683 0.01893918 0.0574524 0.226152144

0.002032628 0.000725034 1.522165955 1.79154777 0.864134799 0.225191922 1.298996909 2.7131028

0.001130267 3.57957E-05 1.664417272 3.415900366 1.065234124 0.218923065 2.212907048 2.254841682

0.000271126 8.52737E-06 0.051354895 0.030991977 0.011587981 0.006362775 0.019456312 0.076212194

0.020402274 0.000676293 0.812118491 0.82101938 0.364895213 0.112121102 0.560188593 1.371729312

0.000691559 2.35326E-05 0.243733721 0.277393775 0.141765069 0.037922435 0.211918663 0.531562995

0.001844392 5.82566E-05 0.309420177 0.188946987 0.070461536 0.038106157 0.118078696 0.451581272

0.010079051 0.001788024 3.566610652 4.153516325 1.998408364 0.528302712 3.007542284 6.407025909

0.000567947 2.09781E-05 0.022139197 0.022541348 0.009924504 0.003030083 0.015280014 0.034973572

0.000152096 4.80212E-06 0.005622974 0.005741625 0.002584673 0.000801501 0.003984414 0.010450762

0.001718883 5.75434E-05 0.218523414 0.141219946 0.054046931 0.02734659 0.089398298 0.323349725

0.025441842 0.000840334 0.829540893 0.798424626 0.350904897 0.117696627 0.543567118 1.460524576

0.000160614 4.3476E-06 0.022822638 0.013671894 0.005055211 0.002802583 0.008510759 0.032976788

0.016102747 0.000458236 1.934302535 1.285427349 0.498326192 0.239783987 0.817560612 2.858412011

0.001886076 5.01986E-05 0.262751543 0.15713929 0.05793282 0.032249672 0.097606476 0.378812923

6.23647E-06 2.20395E-06 0.004624571 0.005442596 0.002625073 0.000684139 0.00394614 0.008242305

0.011582347 0.000570666 0.792862476 0.856577529 0.398221916 0.11503841 0.605601793 1.402574754

1.5555E-05 5.54843E-06 0.0116486 0.013710085 0.00661292 0.001723315 0.009940766 0.020762421

0.000318999 1.01752E-05 0.024643512 0.024857697 0.012189198 0.00428795 0.018559091 0.034689798

0.000173745 5.45264E-06 0.032880393 0.019550013 0.007199949 0.004028619 0.01214851 0.04758573

0.000137602 7.24263E-06 0.010327213 0.011290344 0.00525328 0.001489456 0.007979422 0.017920993

0.221881864 0.007613028 8.154452201 7.969897601 3.586649444 1.189779382 5.529586535 15.20030983

0.001008628 5.30887E-05 0.075698928 0.08275872 0.038506785 0.010917787 0.058489536 0.13136189

0.005838345 0.000205415 0.364840291 0.362809692 0.175817214 0.060098501 0.273887194 0.842865148

0.000538737 1.76628E-05 0.138333294 0.135865939 0.078405497 0.029912424 0.12064109 0.543301699

0.060392277 0.001684165 10.02300157 7.111860102 2.673318206 1.25100726 4.48173234 14.5034708

0.108681033 0.003382924 20.58538217 12.23407799 4.499521471 2.520030713 7.594229945 29.78299127

0.00091455 2.96795E-05 0.183625981 0.132660035 0.052892614 0.022673797 0.085239985 0.280331401

0.004078902 0.000128895 0.070131217 0.078218938 0.035995829 0.009897574 0.054350113 0.125834275

0.003653479 0.000120279 0.131913313 0.132444736 0.056073185 0.017785015 0.086387512 0.216943427

0.00121022 6.36994E-05 0.090828451 0.099299244 0.046202906 0.013099855 0.070179491 0.157616195

0.001996863 0.000105104 0.149866944 0.163843752 0.076234794 0.02161476 0.11579616 0.26006672

3.83959E-06 1.86007E-07 0.000300211 0.000310773 0.000143349 4.27792E-05 0.00021925 0.000521897

0.058103173 0.003058233 4.360698243 4.767385174 2.21821298 0.628926427 3.369335013 7.567162225

0.062272938 0.002009257 9.240476855 9.56351589 4.597470261 1.586038751 7.066475677 25.98988828

0.306565801 0.009671959 57.72200702 34.41084174 12.69209502 7.076232486 21.39991909 83.58941582

0.089066484 0.002765546 16.535316 9.83383043 3.621453799 2.02600061 6.110065411 23.92671784

2.75578E-05 9.82982E-06 0.020637127 0.024289335 0.011715713 0.003053093 0.017611459 0.036783536

0.000375179 1.09926E-05 0.046840708 0.033783646 0.013432833 0.005947834 0.021996374 0.069857804

0.000319128 0.000113832 0.238983702 0.281277293 0.135671234 0.035355671 0.203945627 0.42596364

3.37139E-09 1.07866E-10 6.00891E-07 4.16022E-07 1.62727E-07 7.91122E-08 2.73132E-07 8.89917E-07

1.03789E-09 3.74735E-11 5.66614E-06 7.42826E-06 4.78594E-06 1.0324E-06 7.50735E-06 1.48116E-05

9.90026E-05 2.77269E-06 0.003087057 0.002831223 0.00162893 0.000609455 0.002524955 0.004517426

0.446011879 0.012999224 66.67416147 40.13184153 14.81206217 8.168823686 24.92252689 96.5556063

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

606 Antimony Soil pg 277.7313519

607 Arsenic Soil ng 346.3191536

608 Asulam Soil ug 254.64

609 Atrazine Soil ug 297.0806264

610 Barium Soil ug 397.6879612

611 Benomyl Soil ng 7.891337085

612 Bentazone Soil mg 11.64226218

613 Bifenox Soil ug 254.64

614 Boron Soil ug 56.29884432

615 Cadmium Soil ug -17.79884265

616 Calcium Soil mg 3.750648287

617 Carbendazim Soil ug 848.81

618 Carbetamide Soil mg 1.779145725

619 Carbofuran Soil ug 4.326331451

620 Carbon Soil mg 2.449153037

621 Chloride Soil mg 25.76744539

622 Chlorothalonil Soil ug 1.537722788

623 Chlorotoluron Soil ug 594.17

624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg 1.9098

625 Chromium Soil ug 15.39264138

626 Chromium VI Soil ug 273.3971777

627 Cobalt Soil ng 36.70587545

628 Copper Soil mg -12.80903511

629 Cypermethrin Soil ug 2.574726159

630 Fenpiclonil Soil ug 580.2203985

631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil ug 169.76

632 Fluoride Soil ug 224.5811019

633 Fluroxypyr Soil ug 636.61

634 Glyphosate Soil mg 419.1544123

635 Heat, waste Soil kJ 57.52092698

636 Iron Soil mg 11.69712506

637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil ug 84.881

638 Lead Soil ug 90.60790237

639 Linuron Soil ug 1.377852403

640 Magnesium Soil ug 700.4946122

641 Mancozeb Soil ug 1.997185072

642 Manganese Soil ug 71.26466175

643 Mecoprop Soil ug 509.28

644 Mercury Soil ng 632.9455426

645 Metaldehyde Soil ug 17.02005185

646 Metolachlor Soil mg 5.442369007

647 Metribuzin Soil mg 2.037170322

648 Molybdenum Soil ng 8.03652523

649 Napropamide Soil ug 30.11233673

650 Nickel Soil mg -4.211017853

651 Oils, biogenic Soil ug 264.1896742

652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg 136.9264921

653 Orbencarb Soil ng 379.7466811

654 Pendimethalin Soil mg 14.769

655 Phosphorus Soil ug 59.0585372

656 Pirimicarb Soil ug 812.2327353

657 Potassium Soil ug 385.6527737

658 Silicon Soil ug 247.9579521

659 Sodium Soil mg 1.689583124

660 Strontium Soil ug 8.020188656

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.012662911 0.00038336 0.649856541 0.734519441 0.339446451 0.104388844 0.537851561 0.998834172

0.178082003 0.005184901 26.63942964 16.02779739 5.916387293 3.264520051 9.955653475 38.56998348

x x x x x x x x

2.59724E-08 7.27389E-10 8.09861E-07 7.42745E-07 4.27335E-07 1.59885E-07 6.62398E-07 1.1851E-06

0.217846957 0.006321352 33.13423596 19.87028087 7.320820986 4.056535066 12.32868013 47.95522231

2.14517E-05 6.86498E-07 0.003829409 0.002650978 0.001036713 0.00050409 0.001740178 0.005671368

5.29689E-10 1.91248E-11 2.89173E-06 3.79104E-06 2.44252E-06 5.26888E-07 3.83141E-06 7.55918E-06

x x x x x x x x

0.010329995 0.000401863 0.750707905 0.479595575 0.186810218 0.095512099 0.308665985 1.165592249

8.40001E-06 2.85622E-07 0.06985184 0.059464211 0.045005133 0.018315284 0.066929123 0.095232152

0.001877647 5.52593E-05 0.27011203 0.163886823 0.060696941 0.033137527 0.101940941 0.391494661

x x x x x x x x

2.0291E-10 7.34072E-12 1.034E-06 1.35315E-06 8.70466E-07 1.88597E-07 1.36534E-06 2.69121E-06

1.17606E-05 3.76364E-07 0.002099428 0.001453367 0.000568366 0.000276361 0.000954032 0.00310926

0.001320522 3.83739E-05 0.200029707 0.120184391 0.044341879 0.024509178 0.074638605 0.289790437

0.001811856 5.63443E-05 0.463565036 0.342505122 0.129111128 0.057877302 0.220432668 0.690607401

1.52204E-05 5.63844E-07 0.010394321 0.011239366 0.005908245 0.002087307 0.009172571 0.015596214

x x x x x x x x

x x x x x x x x

0.002275517 6.6586E-05 0.338724952 0.206629582 0.077235267 0.041663127 0.129631324 0.493490862

0.033777117 0.001557585 0.49407908 0.462406594 0.227526193 0.080876363 0.349638534 1.162444608

0.008694559 0.000300883 0.313093094 0.312491112 0.136611968 0.043166379 0.211786701 0.49614947

2.12065E-05 9.76343E-07 0.000333224 0.000309856 0.000151058 5.40117E-05 0.000232961 0.000762429

1.66547E-06 5.33193E-08 0.000319214 0.000234948 9.93404E-05 4.31817E-05 0.000164645 0.000497962

6.34852E-07 2.34847E-08 0.000604495 0.000698518 0.000397575 0.000117755 0.000619898 0.001124598

x x x x x x x x

0.044616767 0.001684994 3.647467067 2.299783609 0.885980908 0.460335851 1.469354431 5.581383394

x x x x x x x x

2.25768E-07 7.19738E-09 5.14147E-05 4.44229E-05 1.88029E-05 6.54633E-06 2.97888E-05 8.1045E-05

0.007755304 0.000350954 0.0568748 0.049676027 0.021781968 0.007843053 0.034302279 0.09542959

0.001260402 3.75805E-05 0.213139751 0.150544885 0.059864963 0.026470408 0.097146618 0.320070305

x x x x x x x x

4.73962E-05 1.71715E-06 0.314298524 0.267624879 0.203070035 0.081273857 0.300845801 0.420378497

8.0177E-06 2.89309E-07 0.043653623 0.057229263 0.036872093 0.007953918 0.05783858 0.114112559

0.363769557 0.010642728 53.56807564 32.33967093 11.95072896 6.56595902 20.09443766 77.59258912

1.97682E-05 7.32318E-07 0.013500082 0.01459762 0.007673593 0.002710981 0.011913279 0.020256268

0.026782208 0.000831294 2.984648081 1.921633284 0.729408378 0.369935389 1.209341549 4.354283401

x x x x x x x x

0.000107726 3.47127E-06 0.044343709 0.056014157 0.035018416 0.008006985 0.054858204 0.1100143

4.21036E-08 1.52657E-09 0.000197358 0.000257668 0.000165416 3.60461E-05 0.000259434 0.000510732

5.78748E-08 2.08961E-09 0.000315957 0.000414216 0.000266875 5.75689E-05 0.000418627 0.00082593

6.9605E-10 2.57854E-11 4.75347E-07 5.13992E-07 2.70192E-07 9.54554E-08 4.19474E-07 7.13236E-07

0.001899853 6.51107E-05 0.070974279 0.070615469 0.031300584 0.009980929 0.048501649 0.116283852

7.44909E-08 2.70085E-09 0.000349171 0.000455873 0.000292659 6.37737E-05 0.000458997 0.000903601

4.09743E-08 1.38416E-09 4.47653E-06 3.99308E-06 1.55997E-06 5.82032E-07 2.57076E-06 6.55366E-06

0.005003635 0.000163863 6.939529572 15.1068109 4.513482436 0.866997399 9.728152046 8.774475408

0.062418874 0.001662506 8.698421844 5.195183073 1.915263691 1.067511392 3.226174709 12.53937831

0.003758737 0.000139244 2.566918453 2.775605495 1.459064231 0.515468594 2.265202327 3.851546261

x x x x x x x x

0.02635939 0.000791337 3.474344633 2.148046363 0.801879969 0.427568191 1.341099418 5.045191942

5.01051E-08 1.80908E-09 0.000273539 0.000358607 0.000231047 4.98402E-05 0.000362426 0.000715049

0.177933172 0.005310275 24.08856221 14.80446854 5.512669183 2.961408295 9.231861026 34.95666177

0.083314128 0.002641414 8.052386463 5.39766235 2.085683355 1.007448525 3.429272797 11.84127723

0.000874306 2.53861E-05 0.133222786 0.080088585 0.029518602 0.016317353 0.049724147 0.192837352

0.004371347 0.000127095 0.670783898 0.402097653 0.148097609 0.082106304 0.249436224 0.970789527

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

661 Sulfur Soil ug 497.7660305

662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg 120.3630623

663 Tebutam Soil ug 71.3522598

664 Teflubenzuron Soil ng 4.688144373

665 Thiram Soil ng 14.00017135

666 Tin Soil ng 3.693142154

667 Titanium Soil ug 2.716645001

668 Trifluralin Soil mg 17.825

669 Vanadium Soil ng 77.75895028

670 Zinc Soil mg -37.7193605

Benzo[thia]diazole-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/RER U

Pyretroid-

compounds, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Tillage,

ploughing/CH U

Tillage, harrowing,

by spring tine

harrow/CH U

Application of

plant protection

products, by field

sprayer/CH U

Fertilising, by

broadcaster/CH U Sowing/CH U

Combine

harvesting/CH U

0.26626944 0.007751176 39.94276686 24.02596501 8.866088321 4.893656449 14.91997989 57.84857641

0.004987294 0.00013962 0.155446143 0.142537624 0.082036445 0.030701028 0.127163869 0.227440639

1.76509E-07 6.39977E-09 0.000827374 0.001080206 0.000693466 0.000151114 0.001087611 0.002141116

4.64033E-05 1.71903E-06 0.031689768 0.034266104 0.018012807 0.006363693 0.027964946 0.047549079

3.80579E-05 1.21793E-06 0.006793828 0.004703151 0.001839253 0.000894315 0.003087284 0.010061681

0.00074658 2.16577E-05 0.043707171 0.042364752 0.021308909 0.007308603 0.032910746 0.093651243

0.000644251 2.24209E-05 0.022691756 0.022692327 0.009835269 0.003089741 0.015251955 0.035202962

x x x x x x x x

0.01844051 0.000641757 0.64950975 0.649526063 0.281516426 0.088438141 0.436559102 1.007619929

8.25091E-06 2.57092E-07 0.18406633 0.156798867 0.117587051 0.048204205 0.174377164 0.255309465

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 253.756797

2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw ug 18.30732634

3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 141.2218407

4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg 21.30634176

5 Borax, in ground Raw ug 2.005545207

6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw ug 248.1101645

7 Calcite, in ground Raw g 13.87207637

8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw kg 1.429871871

9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg 5.464717019

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.31084E-08

11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 183.1460705

12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw ug 7.788868468

13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw ng 753.9249503

14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg 201.9927388

15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g 4.656626122

16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g 16.0244507

17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g 23.94106024

18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng 532.7033401

19 Colemanite, in ground Raw ug 806.8314348

20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.00408659

21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 82.72247776

22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 21.94331927

23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 109.2375392

24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng 68.93376843

25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg 33.93968596

26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ 21.19969113

27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J 378.8576591

28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ 8.041183054

29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ 343.087256

30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J 207.4444973

31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng 112.9206246

32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.810145826

33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 2.519334774

34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg 54.3373821

35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -7.70738E-13

36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg 593.663816

37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm3 229.3813705

38 Gas, natural, in ground Raw l 27.71213884

39 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 330.1318872

40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 605.3455118

41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 724.8279305

42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.107082434

43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 274.3837805

44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 657.1841905

45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.017427884

46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.14725536

47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 68.74496255

48 Granite, in ground Raw pg 396.7692293

49 Gravel, in ground Raw g 91.54284517

50 Gypsum, in ground Raw ug 42.88719506

51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw ng 2.993747091

52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw ug 4.163326833

53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 14.82154416

54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.068367961

55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 39.08888909

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

21.61642283 2.102318127 2.182715827 63.27063733 25.15601356

0.189932296 0.049157173 0.004638395 0.088488456 16.81753471

14.83372712 2.975499945 1.083162227 3.784244462 18.61899255

1.649283103 0.171301832 0.118778066 0.133604762 2.233059272

0.074429842 0.004492595 0.006447794 0.010994465 1.726037495

28.56548241 9.033987325 0.128615429 18.78483144 83.2913597

0.690429896 0.090965235 0.124450764 0.342369867 4.847488546

0.05386853 8.54418E-06 3.67681E-05 0.000236498 0.003875688

0.103215134 0.00199062 0.000321703 0.001466035 0.020985188

-1.23949E-09 -1.18317E-10 -6.53861E-11 -9.69981E-10 -1.62152E-08

7.104804561 0.126078831 0.534348044 2.756567986 84.78326266

0.427713947 0.051576552 0.021110271 0.230267392 1.496462275

38.86485557 4.554087159 1.832969584 20.25497795 178.0544272

11.43316135 1.431389475 1.371028481 5.555710347 106.8929842

0.409645329 0.025847269 0.033893205 0.085116986 1.035547528

0.645604329 0.05430231 0.385903465 0.166549524 8.463193217

1.107981279 0.114287445 0.29720429 0.524154366 12.86167323

78.03538739 18.69084478 4.34010845 22.57889828 66.91766978

29.59486834 4.826330532 0.401805072 2.38412284 340.5483971

0.935364279 0.033751081 0.027881542 0.212439618 6.897214907

5.175003365 0.184044449 0.154518636 1.177795666 38.04646163

1.372743588 0.04882042 0.040988276 0.312427128 10.09236766

6.82505164 0.246749476 0.203284857 1.549313965 50.0365082

8.883986488 1.783729361 0.071753597 3.450274611 13.0160061

1.861858892 0.168460684 0.226377872 1.015315744 16.72740099

0.675712079 9.06551E-05 0.000353141 0.002645037 0.042795461

7.155694201 0.138005615 0.022303035 0.101637229 1.454860218

0.299648459 0.023241474 0.159083893 0.052618566 4.917020909

10.38138217 0.523546372 1.29045154 3.227862799 296.3914083

6.804616301 0.433019988 2.349903175 1.087755288 157.2545736

5.119658125 0.130341918 0.267518264 0.476805773 77.71454889

0.037117943 0.002296859 0.001382349 0.004464545 0.066280958

0.045415279 1.1459E-06 6.77767E-07 2.57339E-06 3.69863E-05

1.129752927 0.064839941 0.054453263 0.242754424 4.20127857

-3.52243E-14 -7.64379E-15 -3.94271E-16 -2.40381E-15 -4.45783E-14

19.44438148 1.233957106 6.66826702 3.105095249 450.9930007

10.81761695 1.114278904 2.912204249 5.141413524 121.5408843

1.086962455 0.094063794 0.120658845 0.203243923 7.396615035

14.37388459 3.422898673 0.059549202 0.361216 3.240764717

26.35663741 6.276389478 0.109192321 0.662343393 5.942428626

31.55888104 7.515216252 0.130744552 0.793075775 7.115334893

0.048202175 0.011478536 0.000199696 0.001211323 0.010867774

11.94662169 2.844886842 0.049493382 0.300219029 2.693512149

28.61368446 6.813867263 0.118542964 0.71906287 6.45130458

0.044298632 0.010548973 0.000183524 0.001113226 0.009987669

0.049951297 0.011895061 0.000206942 0.001255278 0.011262131

2.993143617 0.712766764 0.012400225 0.075217807 0.674840947

24.120259 2.752477669 1.163001958 8.411298607 83.17297864

7.693965717 3.476048081 3.056418899 1.53666176 17.86142165

1.331613427 0.235519599 0.096566665 1.000890552 30.9823863

0.098075416 0.006226343 0.033666484 0.015664374 2.273602462

0.477002732 0.150622104 0.002462178 0.313217694 1.409695426

0.833534148 0.101041973 0.100468978 0.429395745 7.790498028

0.17509027 0.025949832 0.004658015 0.072966239 0.794344853

2.387358559 0.453270545 0.02704155 0.941234781 23.64168508

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 1.24496E-07

57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 17.50147047

58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 94.5737695

59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw ug 3.238612422

60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 15.55670409

61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw ug 356.5517448

62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 2.030038084

63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 288.2272226

64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 5.427874893

65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.056153456

66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 10.95245625

67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.16347E-08

68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 4.174856793

69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 555.466328

70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a 3.896625595

71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a 15.6372166

72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a 800.6297529

73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a 12.91227928

74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a 339.2332293

75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a 145.5402108

76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a 95.03643738

77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a 153.4156738

78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a 0.116640473

79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a 12.07598472

80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a 73.2284416

81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a 581.3958713

82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a 1.573841087

83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a 63.19536794

84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a 78.56947856

85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a 86.87971

86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a 170.0764323

87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a 672.7549508

88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw cm2a 23.58402121

89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a 277.9364652

90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a 250.4407973

91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 33.89261457

92 Olivine, in ground Raw ug 8.895134736

93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 110.7495405

94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 266.1635234

95 Peat, in ground Raw mg 10.71293276

96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 10.0346554

97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 7.240583294

98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 2.55217E-09

99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 2.863189413

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 10.26411308

101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 1.1545807

102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 3.616294526

103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 1.685978283

104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -3.04831E-11

105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw ug 883.2375972

106 Shale, in ground Raw ug 51.82970769

107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw ug 7.34678346

108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.24111503

109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 483.8460782

110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.105046686

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

4.27119E-09 6.70093E-10 4.05367E-10 2.61549E-09 3.60143E-08

1.922799075 0.344916037 0.01158714 0.621364764 5.006969566

6.845315735 1.266203578 1.510437904 0.771676104 39.04101879

0.133533693 0.012351408 0.014753407 0.068232583 1.53475829

0.642387714 0.064177019 0.614509382 0.255735911 5.470146733

31.25642491 3.093827932 3.195841238 93.58615855 30.79937851

0.126834738 0.004585519 0.003777786 0.028791992 0.929863657

18.03109486 0.641260049 0.538384227 4.103754889 132.564042

0.224152811 0.022188735 0.216046137 0.089879842 1.917590779

0.066071494 0.002349775 0.001972806 0.015037424 0.485755545

0.4522944 0.044758964 0.43602915 0.181395257 3.870100518

-4.51176E-10 -4.19007E-11 -2.26352E-11 -3.7848E-10 -5.56801E-09

0.183456481 0.000604627 0.000414013 0.000711531 0.036110877

23.61212465 0.956911212 2.8590296 10.3970588 259.1308092

0.110177963 4.49246E-07 2.5857E-07 2.23766E-06 3.1634E-05

0.644080369 0.001083239 0.000729474 0.03242966 13.87507844

29.6570909 1.821583513 4.248123106 7.979532958 210.0478222

1.082980119 0.184815783 0.091909447 0.261354188 1.733553414

10.75166794 1.019762636 0.195505102 9.69337604 244.4871867

6.851568929 0.106102598 0.316818399 7.076729952 81.62039882

1.795005769 0.034618706 0.005594716 0.025495697 0.364951662

12.03454248 2.045705592 1.520572652 3.859351033 50.39730372

0.009488875 0.00166914 0.000772213 0.002291411 0.01670051

10.19216659 0.004963686 0.004194094 0.019850002 0.317706751

3.253587998 0.505303113 0.45704647 1.196145513 15.47637598

16.19023522 1.503267698 2.299201038 5.318186754 85.99202089

0.146498818 0.050438657 0.007641549 0.026761194 0.524553241

1.199863419 0.07797833 0.061895007 0.282640881 3.670735793

1.978282626 0.154118088 22.12686282 0.380075904 5.537828347

2.187523951 0.170419029 24.46720408 0.420276308 6.123558489

14.26152075 4.38967905 0.385632487 7.313605982 86.07265817

51.58562898 21.74969891 1.033239849 3.356507616 28.93895354

0.917552237 4.11669E-06 2.09733E-06 1.512196763 14.82660739

12.53261563 2.649414962 3.903240742 2.614483184 177.0981213

17.86222355 1.170004002 1.149014036 3.924846725 185.0001725

3.666039717 0.837822028 0.198287693 0.975140734 8.145669087

0.081354778 0.021930334 0.001917963 0.037734966 8.257854777

9.145496343 1.364844086 0.254728712 0.952277847 4.980928101

21.97930195 3.280119434 0.612187555 2.288601894 11.97062344

0.095960993 0.025000606 0.00192931 0.042318447 9.703664419

0.180893284 4.94728E-06 2.73473E-06 1.09804E-05 0.000150843

0.148471772 0.009187434 0.005529395 0.01785818 0.265123828

8.83233E-11 1.28904E-11 7.8524E-12 6.23208E-11 7.72057E-10

0.208438702 0.02261259 0.022351652 0.028313299 1.230858008

0.747222103 0.081062809 0.080127385 0.101499014 4.412444999

0.148079206 0.015865252 0.007993951 0.020961121 0.186332606

0.463803033 0.049691999 0.025038077 0.065652912 0.58361756

0.149613343 0.029010886 0.007591197 0.033871197 0.137163653

-3.15059E-12 -4.90472E-13 -1.63298E-13 -8.27821E-13 -4.73516E-12

12.08103779 1.993317131 3.070529392 3.098627653 749.0397985

0.537696825 0.139168239 0.013131511 0.250503447 47.61206973

0.319205214 0.075640867 0.002042129 0.008318964 0.120693301

0.227691248 0.053952062 0.001465867 0.005929095 0.086650058

21.02046648 4.981177887 0.134706157 0.547127008 7.957321793

0.048008236 0.011376416 0.000307653 0.001249573 0.018173575

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ug 1.083185756

112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 714.6999076

113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw mg 647.9570977

114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw ng 2.59855021

115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg 14.7118027

116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng 7.163705344

117 Sulfur, in ground Raw ug 698.9137468

118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw ug 72.22090363

119 Talc, in ground Raw ug 100.4394658

120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 5.789755322

121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 786.1803555

122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 272.0235687

123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 49.70805564

124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 356.2308961

125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2 0.238917492

126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9018594

127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.030786715

128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.4025038

130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2 35.47653695

133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2 122.8104571

134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2 0.443581802

136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.000700736

137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2 0.002582382

138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 0.004405239

139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2 22.59128924

140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2 84.55773651

141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2 189.8393534

142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2 12.93035657

143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 13.94327275

144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2 3.394173617

145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2 47.56853577

146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2 2.07156855

147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 401.9208422

148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.050303529

149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2 3.529041444

150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2 12.91227928

151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 1.208214939

152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 11.40251145

153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.007900355

154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.002210489

155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2 18.52009544

156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2 2.261665399

157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 3.394173617

158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2 119.28239

159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2 3.394173617

160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2 1.727180552

161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2 1.97197038

162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.018077486

163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2 4.660827364

164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 1.528184288

165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2 76.36595815

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.047058499 0.011151358 0.000301566 0.001224852 0.017814039

31.04980292 7.35780963 0.198977545 0.808173975 11.75394351

35.16724193 10.47542084 1.225312093 9.287175018 266.7934167

0.045075232 0.007119852 0.000456063 0.015818045 2.24437054

0.287630313 0.01608437 0.008675689 0.027876025 0.357347287

0.923237811 0.185367953 0.007456746 0.35855795 1.35264377

7.324673159 1.569707202 0.440051969 1.934755944 604.4626714

0.887820258 8.21898E-06 1.53185E-06 1.138E-05 0.000268389

4.838921049 0.468737491 0.40901157 2.613983765 51.13683645

0.251640505 0.059687885 0.001501447 0.006505718 0.087752737

34.15425638 8.092944166 0.219883725 0.889379066 12.99772462

12.92310811 2.958250635 0.440387436 0.821622375 11.14304202

1.715529359 0.257823492 0.156821032 1.160080021 14.58563299

35.64322736 4.94108175 0.071438488 16.45799091 65.14254703

0.012540676 0.000996156 0.001489421 0.02499893 0.130551552

23.25306357 8.30087E-05 4.77814E-05 0.000413525 0.005840492

0.002622872 0.000255098 0.000264859 0.007677984 0.003047747

0.081436411 0.013344925 0.009107781 0.043833338 0.552157412

0.157849797 0.002171588 0.003217687 0.012555229 0.179654746

0.000266522 2.20355E-05 3.96212E-05 7.9904E-05 0.001268574

0.000167394 5.36431E-05 8.76378E-06 3.96169E-05 0.000778976

3.761551403 0.762545265 0.274577298 0.961386255 4.831639661

5.750292246 0.087756808 0.243058824 5.984144071 69.26139888

0.064107635 0.001236388 0.000199812 0.000910565 0.013034046

0.01500013 0.000927112 0.002554552 0.002673299 0.29804659

2.51153E-05 9.09046E-07 3.34886E-06 4.08993E-06 0.000117636

5.28938E-05 3.2531E-06 1.97349E-06 6.37283E-06 9.45765E-05

9.02306E-05 5.5494E-06 3.36654E-06 1.08713E-05 0.000161336

0.603391955 0.075715176 0.086866149 0.164961515 1.818742638

2.942043965 0.027908762 0.028038635 3.121154894 31.93943794

189.7675784 0.000677347 0.000389941 0.003374756 0.047664002

1.084033751 0.185041858 0.09196118 0.261494631 1.734704972

0.281641788 0.017812578 0.018399626 0.0731814 1.840170919

0.064107635 0.001236388 0.000199812 0.000910565 0.013034046

3.721422482 1.296362911 1.261842342 0.777284029 12.06093376

0.081336913 0.005329909 0.023817064 0.038303184 0.670102608

23.2720391 8.30765E-05 4.78204E-05 0.000413862 0.005845258

0.004332053 0.000370068 0.000409893 0.008585155 0.00708856

0.189380988 0.012845762 0.032247953 0.0567856 1.58457379

1.082980119 0.184815783 0.091909447 0.261354188 1.733553414

0.081436411 0.013344925 0.009107781 0.043833338 0.552157412

0.15785045 0.002171654 0.003217756 0.012557144 0.179655586

0.000266522 2.20355E-05 3.96212E-05 7.9904E-05 0.001268574

0.000167394 5.36431E-05 8.76378E-06 3.96169E-05 0.000778976

0.501778731 0.083689354 0.080917809 0.179085018 2.085451591

0.071637041 0.006796433 0.001302421 0.06458276 1.6304246

0.064107635 0.001236388 0.000199812 0.000910565 0.013034046

5.617647941 0.079158124 0.239060716 5.854024018 66.93061305

0.064107635 0.001236388 0.000199812 0.000910565 0.013034046

0.182530497 0.038440946 0.012784467 0.045843894 0.226893955

0.09576088 0.010067688 0.021851893 0.041796856 0.949433448

0.001053639 0.000226075 5.17339E-05 0.000140447 0.001151623

0.728877908 0.010941604 0.009127483 0.039314312 0.728643055

0.069074764 0.010903099 0.009633594 0.023770038 0.32904039

6.106968165 1.703982642 1.132978665 1.42699915 10.70609842

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2 15.49896915

167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2 0.022155173

168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2 0.000700736

169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 12.62082956

170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2 0.182825133

171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2 0.200956548

172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2 1.270708625

173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2 8.324954062

174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2 0.749724906

175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2 46.97784871

176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2 7.023794813

177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2 2.948997529

178 Ulexite, in ground Raw ug 17.71444276

179 Uranium, in ground Raw mg 3.021344777

180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw ug 3.271237393

181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3 6.122266826

182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3 1.389087227

183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw m3day 2.539535745

184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3 21.94702638

185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 4.034436613

186 Water, lake Raw cm3 3.41722569

187 Water, river Raw l 244.8971048

188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3 147.167863

189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3 20.05196571

190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw m3 2.165613793

191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw l 3.020068325

192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3 282.626658

193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3 717.6112637

194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3 35.14327364

195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3 6.609258372

196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3 0.05291173

197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 73.85098246

198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw ug 7.912477782

199 1-Propanol Air ng 2.689821984

200 1,4-Butanediol Air ng 1.922256508

201 2-Propanol Air ug 35.87912393

202 Acenaphthene Air pg 121.4386385

203 Acetaldehyde Air ug 173.141269

204 Acetic acid Air ug 492.9186604

205 Acetone Air ug 97.89734992

206 Acetonitrile Air ug 3.690145556

207 Acrolein Air ng 753.4392153

208 Acrylic acid Air ng 92.83125174

209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 62.03516477

210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air ug 832.2435503

211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air ug 3.293511172

212 Aluminum Air mg 8.049647145

213 Ammonia Air mg 221.7479399

214 Ammonium carbonate Air ng 339.9613584

215 Antimony Air ug 8.215932155

216 Antimony-124 Air nBq 73.6193492

217 Antimony-125 Air nBq 768.279768

218 Argon-41 Air mBq 273.2801672

219 Arsenic Air ug 67.57493953

220 Arsine Air pg 1.082071085

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.281469128 0.000176838 0.00058104 0.000686839 0.018141124

0.002062284 0.000710032 0.000107571 0.000376721 0.007384207

2.51153E-05 9.09046E-07 3.34886E-06 4.08993E-06 0.000117636

0.239720124 0.015592191 0.012373853 0.056508088 0.733859704

0.004603311 0.000358621 0.051487508 0.000884407 0.012886101

0.005059838 0.000394187 0.056593707 0.000972118 0.014164055

0.075015068 0.01147251 0.002555509 0.059480119 0.693405651

0.282142755 0.049495327 0.014741196 0.055323929 0.586903719

0.033625886 0.004377374 0.00309947 0.005543287 0.333153448

1.82770486 8.20018E-06 4.17775E-06 3.012198391 29.53364536

0.519420138 0.213690102 0.198053833 0.104876526 2.174714825

0.177593991 0.01130386 0.01350421 0.043685323 2.259329681

0.677138196 0.072875359 0.290389068 0.099539231 9.113266643

0.089711627 0.004802142 0.017211417 0.015846946 2.575677155

0.189979572 0.042112711 0.03633745 0.097056434 1.482588533

0.184180634 0.009697967 0.035500444 0.032194695 5.209308768

0.042244235 0.002280507 0.008858981 0.007577424 1.167670854

0.074389681 0.003517284 0.008558559 0.014987527 2.249938947

0.544566292 0.103782989 0.047271533 0.545255252 17.23331423

0.102193413 0.010924726 0.034344187 0.030953978 1.192593875

0.197823698 0.043610202 0.037471858 0.100233087 1.552299007

0.039751749 0.002583733 0.007849279 0.007843563 244.5163044

5.243357936 0.40049935 1.195228004 1.041625182 103.3307694

2.424806488 0.528848621 0.153335407 0.636372417 2.534303508

0.068679626 0.003647972 0.010102501 0.027009391 1.809211376

0.05731419 0.008313246 0.006287018 0.009765405 0.143744777

7.255457349 0.783231186 1.779673817 1.518718442 47.09642624

26.75363236 2.390024651 9.493024875 9.226353238 455.8179146

0.663770451 0.01280156 0.002068855 0.009427987 0.134954514

0.297723239 0.005757873 0.025073174 0.273105202 3.839956909

0.000680183 0.000162708 3.44624E-05 0.000252265 0.046373948

4.946076687 0.473143625 0.102871365 2.899372711 16.78468874

0.344445248 0.081990561 0.001491687 0.008681572 0.082031701

0.088141045 0.005598256 0.030290931 0.014080464 2.042058818

0.083628006 0.019879171 0.000415342 0.002128889 0.023510412

1.562212758 0.372036974 0.006428693 0.039241267 0.349289315

4.825826019 0.400340234 2.696249725 1.29807313 66.90685358

42.45215755 21.4042179 1.111595399 1.603758801 17.52392442

21.97996862 1.468562082 1.66685923 13.11285966 143.5794558

4.303981606 0.527833707 0.340569825 0.361243148 10.77166122

0.069697821 0.001344201 0.000217236 0.000989966 0.014170615

36.43929143 0.326055401 0.361867202 24.08757333 428.1008954

4.04184874 0.962494154 0.016752814 0.101574963 0.911820385

2.005507243 0.129031714 0.296025559 0.426921617 50.24595918

26.42654361 1.561152434 7.215973893 5.345675232 665.1955204

0.132287589 0.01472976 0.016874785 0.032737524 2.476520877

0.422966738 0.033863249 0.065558698 0.169153135 3.742267961

43.65351439 0.041387659 0.041742516 0.105752355 1.922064137

9.628167126 0.257731656 0.144213473 1.738001719 310.7265817

0.502442909 0.02285432 0.020404822 0.112829538 3.553933188

2.022031771 0.08266848 0.086443458 0.273304472 68.68663872

21.10160055 0.862715045 0.902110122 2.852161806 716.8027896

9.265381338 0.624596306 3.663307389 1.519854556 197.3570174

4.085956179 0.160298963 0.17839657 0.982765202 29.57031195

0.047113096 0.011219143 0.000195276 0.00118399 0.01062846

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

221 Barium Air ug 11.07973762

222 Barium-140 Air ug 49.97545575

223 Benzal chloride Air pg 0.014691195

224 Benzaldehyde Air ng 384.8203379

225 Benzene Air ug 854.3988106

226 Benzene, ethyl- Air ug 39.75768848

227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ug 66.27807618

228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng 6.323740756

229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air ug 2.321825216

230 Beryllium Air ng 111.2581003

231 Boron Air ug 396.9093214

232 Boron trifluoride Air pg 0.008075709

233 Bromine Air ug 38.76024072

234 Butadiene Air ng 1.072004669

235 Butane Air mg 2.355229899

236 Butanol Air pg 5.958995146

237 Butene Air ug 39.12531967

238 Butyrolactone Air pg 556.266765

239 Cadmium Air ug 26.52268933

240 Calcium Air ug 173.2858231

241 Carbon-14 Air Bq 5.727329725

242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 5.127030081

243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 194.1306277

244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg 55.86977081

245 Carbon disulfide Air mg 1.691388135

246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg 20.16453517

247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg 668.245562

248 Cerium-141 Air ug 12.11518097

249 Cesium-134 Air nBq 580.2392654

250 Cesium-137 Air ug 10.2857558

251 Chlorine Air ug 92.28232764

252 Chloroform Air ng 175.6046639

253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air ng 1.667699741

254 Chromium Air ug 639.0245815

255 Chromium-51 Air nBq 776.3386469

256 Chromium VI Air ug 15.76427111

257 Cobalt Air ug 24.6263121

258 Cobalt-58 Air ug 1.081083652

259 Cobalt-60 Air ug 9.550368198

260 Copper Air ug 284.4360369

261 Cumene Air ug 39.92861473

262 Cyanide Air ug 19.83692977

263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g 1.446886054

264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 849.238493

265 Ethane Air mg 4.733934622

266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng 76.89894798

267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air pg 599.1381127

268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng 137.9267634

269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng 4.405735507

270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air ug 89.34115475

271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air ug 2.507031286

272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air ug 6.036812794

273 Ethanol Air ug 63.6566816

274 Ethene Air ug 530.3167858

275 Ethene, chloro- Air ug 32.41311452

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.431032137 0.032448416 0.160500835 0.196564866 4.48221516

1.372627718 0.05611833 0.058680921 0.185528882 46.62695489

0.001046354 0.000122554 1.84857E-05 0.000537892 0.003319683

18.72976902 0.150630259 0.105752764 12.51174992 217.2164188

59.25361443 7.019090443 16.86914455 16.7297763 251.2962495

4.985690134 1.122200579 0.271652662 1.274391999 5.107504794

4.756932952 0.860809661 1.019024279 0.593332586 27.56311203

0.321355305 0.012995004 0.004438377 0.286067049 3.388574873

0.144017763 0.010823378 0.025346952 0.182724719 0.949023134

4.83814158 0.43268475 0.699747399 2.192991614 42.39545653

16.41917926 1.395516738 9.92142655 5.201549093 189.9887124

0.000351614 8.37307E-05 1.45738E-06 8.83635E-06 7.93223E-05

1.685326766 0.151959312 1.093124113 0.568928455 16.79061113

0.047337997 0.011072893 0.000343039 0.001360718 0.018490247

0.240939604 0.04970448 0.016302322 0.060101989 0.355340255

0.259246815 0.06162543 0.00128756 0.006599556 0.072882253

4.899922697 1.118952165 0.263309464 1.264343519 4.759430716

24.20045437 5.752677639 0.120192633 0.616062338 6.803486436

1.65097693 0.081787838 0.057182811 0.333733928 9.505311348

7.223255734 0.550366781 1.762984909 1.991384317 74.50358789

0.171061491 0.008855866 0.031097727 0.029253425 4.911421805

0.23488272 0.006975663 0.032993565 0.177816946 2.831366817

14.53376864 2.664586735 1.735401672 4.287465143 54.75411522

1.125252695 0.031255634 0.079001035 0.037497335 2.020431304

0.100247811 0.004678373 0.013401861 0.025966858 0.719281733

1.707295264 0.166899103 0.174754529 5.030306294 2.412910016

43.51855606 7.496217686 4.979599756 16.96435837 298.0387695

0.332756009 0.013604353 0.014225583 0.044976398 11.30342861

15.93687315 0.651561014 0.681313938 2.154080247 541.3615474

0.28250895 0.011550059 0.012077481 0.03818484 9.596580254

4.923252703 1.211673341 0.361556837 1.301080862 29.52184741

6.247376898 0.952613914 0.391192315 0.546508231 86.49356771

0.072611216 0.017291066 0.000300962 0.001824779 0.016380708

25.11503131 0.524395266 1.920867334 9.73556486 292.5016708

21.32294602 0.871764505 0.911572816 2.882079593 724.3217

0.607514145 0.009446681 0.046184186 0.239026365 7.243187223

1.183853783 0.049086554 0.111772087 0.437947501 7.482253026

0.029693084 0.001213968 0.001269403 0.004013415 1.008647904

0.262310767 0.010724279 0.011213993 0.035454787 8.910465758

28.10615805 2.805706048 1.568417862 5.244905261 105.608142

1.440317739 0.349428353 0.067793242 0.642022034 28.93377591

0.811060092 0.036109904 0.035574701 0.262774796 5.967327872

0.110699896 8.84548E-05 4.73294E-05 0.000126043 0.002213261

8.442502122 0.931471828 1.022322963 4.001198132 776.620576

0.219347001 0.020782238 0.02940811 0.04560936 0.992224503

2.519735193 0.160026679 0.865761058 0.402511112 58.38396154

19.36975062 1.246321967 2.857553844 4.123587217 485.2764674

4.290676264 0.307493249 0.73008072 0.732770472 108.9201554

0.191824588 0.045679603 0.000795081 0.004820707 0.043274598

1.774579664 0.02478229 0.022892884 0.064008184 12.1315227

0.074518974 0.003807131 0.012732735 0.013054884 2.163477775

0.518348011 0.053087381 0.051471117 1.518577961 0.474328147

3.598292098 0.112001786 0.483176077 0.350447547 9.951458006

30.32293563 4.325814092 2.63919159 14.08827353 206.0927265

0.286371896 0.008791475 0.014810815 0.030347577 30.47753779

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 1.367597134

277 Ethyl acetate Air ug 166.664377

278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng 337.0117681

279 Ethylene diamine Air pg 302.4595595

280 Ethylene oxide Air ng 299.0249805

281 Ethyne Air ug 37.46567518

282 Fluorine Air ug 10.83129382

283 Fluosilicic acid Air ug 6.698442856

284 Formaldehyde Air ug 490.1635213

285 Formic acid Air ug 24.88961676

286 Furan Air ug 7.008289835

287 Heat, waste Air MJ 4.492921561

288 Helium Air ug 132.4690907

289 Heptane Air ug 390.5826885

290 Hexane Air mg 1.140990034

291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air ug 1.846744774

292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg 2.485808943

293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air ug 149.3805071

294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air ug 825.1341619

295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air ug 36.43617798

296 Hydrogen Air mg 1.824179846

297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq 23.1313574

298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 5.75327743

299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 2.608227602

300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng 249.752835

301 Hydrogen sulfide Air ug 901.8342352

302 Iodine Air ug 19.72884508

303 Iodine-129 Air mBq 4.368195784

304 Iodine-131 Air mBq 98.92350102

305 Iodine-133 Air ug 67.0992334

306 Iodine-135 Air ug 15.92886287

307 Iron Air ug 286.1069615

308 Isocyanic acid Air ug 1.763215515

309 Isoprene Air ng 325.2127475

310 Krypton-85 Air mBq 890.068834

311 Krypton-85m Air mBq 731.2793247

312 Krypton-87 Air mBq 168.9256644

313 Krypton-88 Air mBq 218.4645063

314 Krypton-89 Air mBq 90.60040962

315 Lanthanum-140 Air ug 4.271205703

316 Lead Air ug 269.1036259

317 Lead-210 Air mBq 79.51538209

318 m-Xylene Air ug 1.841829465

319 Magnesium Air ug 186.7081842

320 Manganese Air ug 45.8311575

321 Manganese-54 Air nBq 397.5713484

322 Mercury Air ug 11.73770614

323 Methane, biogenic Air mg 3.40070219

324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg 0.003360583

325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air ug 1.151979377

326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air ug 1.196125399

327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air ug 4.528098577

328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air ng 16.34606495

329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 20.048007

330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg 29.77131668

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.044466419 0.002970135 0.006873814 0.009280098 1.092356437

7.254023789 1.726088312 0.032648549 0.18332327 1.810962683

14.67349952 3.49428206 0.060722137 0.368718406 3.303699301

20.1684405 9.359175698 0.556411894 2.576037821 217.410431

20.92834229 5.172049897 0.959284628 8.178278656 62.5513049

1.290730198 0.080107837 0.113443823 0.675147159 11.39948492

0.572371654 0.025251399 0.086721745 0.16466035 4.954918944

0.590295817 0.058361916 0.060067901 1.774438112 0.549204991

97.97530883 39.95067505 3.961323714 4.720594487 61.43280238

0.475245286 0.011152947 0.00149032 0.006849348 0.096808578

0.132369449 0.002552894 0.000412573 0.001880135 0.02691282

0.260674692 0.04021621 0.031505325 0.069779552 2.200676963

18.06593076 4.59762757 0.551282867 4.646344678 15.36566607

48.96336822 11.18336403 2.632282175 12.64257918 47.56648287

0.113409272 0.024411158 0.008596253 0.028879422 0.205363892

0.050939769 0.005742721 0.001617574 0.01091087 0.161637766

0.142840683 0.016431714 0.017883397 0.067454278 1.172866692

6.27580435 0.433589449 2.411459805 1.887019475 76.05309822

27.98875915 4.518622407 4.582864263 4.425049293 532.5896877

1.531889784 0.033737913 0.02623728 2.595005827 21.00153384

0.037076487 0.002852035 0.001907104 0.006978186 0.447532132

0.717831077 0.04050194 0.172737252 0.135109798 18.9951815

0.234477684 0.021128118 0.076430861 0.085018712 2.142069446

0.089000651 0.004300058 0.016258254 0.045455433 0.381890948

10.87257924 2.588263659 0.046711888 0.273889797 2.564098296

40.26089494 3.11876362 4.869484579 13.81442877 281.2221009

0.863753543 0.07835428 0.57983743 0.287684053 8.188632694

0.134263469 0.007423476 0.030445686 0.024514693 3.62662762

3.415543569 0.237220501 1.443099218 0.567861126 69.42306289

1.862569151 0.080000485 0.106529846 0.259598714 61.92050735

0.480055072 0.02798001 0.078874398 0.081906948 13.38046462

13.93016444 1.12221373 1.588354131 4.71695973 83.44234245

0.053319302 0.003563976 0.175812137 0.01080606 0.95513133

6.142473201 0.118464524 0.019145006 0.08724584 1.248857641

29.946213 1.992589591 11.49254781 4.883802154 650.3516208

20.17411629 0.837197016 1.027302214 2.740297124 679.374712

4.707063391 0.201850853 0.326285886 0.646461563 155.4019805

6.053035647 0.254830966 0.356598221 0.826158123 202.1017219

2.492820299 0.102528861 0.114714746 0.337604679 84.38629826

0.117313094 0.004796213 0.005015228 0.015856424 3.985022501

16.41686108 1.080109767 0.980845173 4.842392992 117.837545

1.55037067 0.02725124 0.15683031 0.132810775 6.953849377

0.071891826 0.004753083 0.030461429 0.012374408 1.057064461

6.666515593 0.394947158 0.746992758 3.578379316 65.84646425

2.612913265 0.163433916 0.313368322 0.81442083 21.0651168

10.91970937 0.446439953 0.466826217 1.475943869 370.9329121

0.776510703 0.128037488 0.200634172 0.144002895 4.591167398

0.079310467 0.005843437 0.024894715 0.020990281 1.646605296

0.000239351 2.80339E-05 4.22858E-06 0.000123042 0.000759371

0.042418007 0.001577804 0.005645912 0.006767707 0.199736538

0.153696332 0.036596317 0.007019734 0.040688725 0.148558466

0.167513821 0.008005274 0.026798673 0.02592765 0.96920778

0.61345512 0.051188291 0.060945519 0.095271508 11.19770031

0.847047255 0.124099508 0.032416131 0.040699292 1.033884734

1.284995322 0.299973787 0.017096777 0.03710872 1.083442003

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

331 Methane, fossil Air mg 439.1364101

332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air ng 15.98146564

333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 252.4964567

334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air ug 51.58554582

335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg 48.33214163

336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng 9.472691727

337 Methanol Air ug 594.2129417

338 Methyl acrylate Air ng 105.3255975

339 Methyl amine Air pg 200.5151904

340 Methyl borate Air pg 0.035555825

341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air ug 166.6641398

342 Methyl formate Air pg 408.4761178

343 Molybdenum Air ug 3.763617528

344 Monoethanolamine Air ug 5.583177429

345 Nickel Air ug 270.6059024

346 Niobium-95 Air nBq 47.1951814

347 Nitrate Air ng 345.7052719

348 Nitrogen oxides Air g 1.271076731

349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 207.5762346

350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq 41970.63368

351 Ozone Air mg 1.24869452

352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air ug 73.82826912

353 Paraffins Air pg 75.17806643

354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg 118.428952

355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg 174.2648084

356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 96.66994286

357 Pentane Air mg 2.938715439

358 Phenol Air ug 24.71027199

359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng 466.1163893

360 Phosphine Air pg 80.242042

361 Phosphorus Air ug 8.214435302

362 Platinum Air pg 47.04500919

363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq 0.595892604

364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq 1.366008047

365 Polonium-210 Air mBq 93.06207916

366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng 151.0404783

367 Potassium Air ug 419.5694464

368 Potassium-40 Air mBq 2.674598541

369 Propanal Air ng 386.2028864

370 Propane Air mg 3.150349435

371 Propene Air ug 172.1723012

372 Propionic acid Air ug 10.73919224

373 Propylene oxide Air ug 2.638224402

374 Protactinium-234 Air ug 730.7158856

375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq 110.5784187

376 Radium-226 Air mBq 142.222057

377 Radium-228 Air mBq 2.967489871

378 Radon-220 Air mBq 68.92619874

379 Radon-222 Air Bq 96565.86837

380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq 10.36909058

381 Scandium Air ng 69.13274495

382 Selenium Air ug 12.12743375

383 Silicon Air ug 793.1534087

384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air ng 54.68572796

385 Silver Air ng 12.98995716

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

22.99941581 3.925319257 2.64397212 6.814713237 174.5806079

0.517409015 0.033769143 0.076257858 0.109555135 12.89129999

9.798418624 1.80928656 0.663596224 2.418821793 43.29244292

4.545723013 0.449426187 0.462599485 13.66414305 4.232173814

2.086121234 0.486991413 0.027755703 0.060244022 1.758910172

0.40886215 0.095446205 0.005439884 0.011807322 0.344731563

22.43009249 0.928462067 0.71592446 5.752312814 62.23683724

4.585849344 1.092038198 0.019007597 0.115246131 1.034543243

8.723438124 2.073644013 0.043325349 0.222069493 2.452425226

0.001548091 0.00036865 6.41659E-06 3.89048E-05 0.000349241

7.254013465 1.726085854 0.032648505 0.183323014 1.810960273

17.78545716 4.235561131 0.073189276 0.446753451 3.976582002

0.218441518 0.014749575 0.022548107 0.027504152 0.384311898

0.25528935 0.054111415 0.005221078 0.014605608 0.481741059

16.652645 0.895060023 0.946916818 3.060829271 72.87054816

1.2962646 0.05299631 0.055416337 0.175207391 44.03296701

18.40825895 1.485439632 2.887263647 7.202139392 165.9342842

0.130943632 0.023241384 0.00875603 0.031118334 0.143832277

17.19095478 3.397400786 1.009113272 6.332267212 76.15991448

1290.060066 71.33079019 292.5680091 235.5723004 34844.73623

0.039885279 0.002344321 0.010281822 0.009813449 1.000989492

6.537010445 0.343314395 0.294544912 7.241187707 10.31813582

6.589706944 0.720744717 0.489954199 0.504846533 8.44808673

9.428297793 0.93039559 0.584703168 4.237518892 21.07982797

7.465851197 0.842378466 2.601289689 3.157757486 60.70519354

4.392320146 0.537348637 2.351409954 1.919422387 30.75630705

0.300525214 0.062737233 0.020610479 0.075167141 0.422768446

0.518725621 0.07228047 0.02571697 0.104836344 19.15730561

16.60503939 1.207970054 7.751105065 2.843993721 310.4607624

3.493717806 0.831966558 0.014480891 0.087799981 0.788164245

0.344937692 0.019891217 0.089864917 0.112353124 3.844947125

1.476669589 0.086214156 0.407195078 0.227470855 37.82750415

0.01831571 0.001012682 0.004153284 0.003344201 0.494730704

0.041986438 0.002321445 0.009520876 0.007666156 1.13410725

1.876046269 0.046907492 0.276146292 0.233109279 11.19433186

9.707516701 1.520904902 1.704167326 2.783973049 70.92485522

16.16191598 1.05558054 6.159307781 3.656532429 227.0646453

0.079016981 0.005427464 0.034896671 0.030603023 0.854361314

18.77507317 0.153507771 0.121321998 12.51898742 218.2660177

0.266991612 0.050808819 0.020129201 0.06536507 0.536924848

13.26060274 2.85961265 0.837404553 3.74188653 44.90586066

0.397406286 0.016009356 0.062359812 0.076086733 1.778474058

0.684392569 0.406233836 0.005598219 0.013483985 0.112037623

21.99388352 1.159629723 4.230869439 3.866139749 621.5822887

14.24968442 2.860992353 0.115256935 5.534045234 20.88712961

2.806738948 0.044163758 0.175886422 0.157908026 21.67048114

0.096656073 0.004452138 0.020043375 0.051382438 1.008030104

2.775077914 0.22951714 1.531900697 0.999380514 37.70559477

2903.72511 152.9000696 559.161085 509.7264304 82093.84472

0.284797826 0.011643637 0.012175332 0.038494212 9.674331357

2.662343476 0.196075898 0.286839847 1.463601533 25.99643119

0.711625385 0.046503057 0.100560345 0.158681991 4.255177669

32.82172912 1.989213757 2.950198912 21.3959757 261.4618935

1.120103437 0.06888915 0.041791532 0.134953955 2.002796432

0.424375694 0.025991588 0.139330913 0.065074017 9.587423057

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

386 Silver-110 Air nBq 102.7656271

387 Sodium Air ug 209.6677917

388 Sodium chlorate Air ng 649.4199757

389 Sodium dichromate Air ug 1.919546854

390 Sodium formate Air ng 21.48494559

391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng 931.2328824

392 Strontium Air ug 12.91520479

393 Styrene Air ng 396.7031073

394 Sulfate Air mg 219.6919328

395 Sulfur dioxide Air g 1.030484703

396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air ug 12.43228819

397 Sulfuric acid Air ng 195.0518201

398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng 386.8999271

399 Terpenes Air ug 3.075121297

400 Thallium Air ng 116.05605

401 Thorium Air ng 93.52330197

402 Thorium-228 Air ug 672.2672862

403 Thorium-230 Air mBq 103.1116234

404 Thorium-232 Air mBq 1.616970047

405 Thorium-234 Air ug 730.858058

406 Tin Air ug 13.28490755

407 Titanium Air ug 18.91381094

408 Toluene Air ug 444.2295934

409 Uranium Air ng 107.1487303

410 Uranium-234 Air mBq 108.9033915

411 Uranium-235 Air ug 411.9461941

412 Uranium-238 Air mBq 110.9297213

413 Uranium alpha Air mBq 39.68737004

414 Vanadium Air ug 451.759066

415 water Air mg 11.66365425

416 Xenon-131m Air mBq 877.5285002

417 Xenon-133 Air Bq 31.87723756

418 Xenon-133m Air mBq 37.04612815

419 Xenon-135 Air Bq 12.7673863

420 Xenon-135m Air Bq 8.021379663

421 Xenon-137 Air mBq 248.0171587

422 Xenon-138 Air Bq 1.861233735

423 Xylene Air ug 505.3063031

424 Zinc Air ug 464.7644269

425 Zinc-65 Air ug 1.98517045

426 Zirconium Air ng 260.3459297

427 Zirconium-95 Air ug 1.940428749

428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg 768.9081536

429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water pg 87.1886299

430 Acenaphthene Water ng 10.44306479

431 Acenaphthylene Water pg 653.1112765

432 Acetaldehyde Water ug 1.104071771

433 Acetic acid Water ug 23.00954958

434 Acetone Water pg 207.8104951

435 Acidity, unspecified Water ug 15.24182881

436 Acrylate, ion Water ng 219.7085264

437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq 7.095161941

438 Aluminum Water mg 69.29396626

439 Ammonium, ion Water mg 3.724432384

440 Antimony Water ug 133.5195734

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

2.822564519 0.115397355 0.120666867 0.381507114 95.88003127

11.94140774 0.805143873 0.901942437 1.768412248 35.85605508

13.53842305 0.790237197 0.731840849 1.495239762 73.25016183

0.053564899 0.001215869 0.000727676 0.008942197 1.761312826

1.123525197 0.043535685 0.026801953 0.995862296 10.41183926

40.54320254 9.653345835 0.170561553 1.019881232 9.316415876

0.486909674 0.033794458 0.165313157 0.2369636 4.730507296

27.1362591 4.207583596 2.788197163 4.505352145 71.71462359

1.994849282 0.007248087 0.005836785 0.014893234 0.552652505

0.030788627 0.002991844 0.004493273 0.007840142 0.121127204

0.411687378 0.026171396 0.099689429 0.065954218 9.488442355

8.490017187 2.02042481 0.037756508 0.21437936 2.088957397

153.0092699 2.533295625 0.587123037 10.32153876 120.8633032

0.058081517 0.001120167 0.00018103 0.000824972 0.011808846

5.241893221 0.721811007 1.118125815 3.427386937 46.89991899

3.410306418 0.22202138 0.359775625 1.894720034 33.57475992

19.18375337 1.198024419 7.431083991 7.83107327 194.0953904

1.891465657 0.004407239 0.015704194 0.014523636 2.298423151

0.040878028 0.001670624 0.011080669 0.00883321 0.243008767

21.9981656 1.159855106 4.231677065 3.866942584 621.7033527

0.753185501 0.032152692 0.042376021 0.212009166 5.907331385

0.769534971 0.102772007 0.069255715 0.38564956 6.735455615

45.02948831 8.020547704 7.272258893 10.19758947 74.65595802

3.561927377 0.176533026 0.361148744 2.016477153 35.58516777

2.065733957 0.013585674 0.049265567 0.045125406 7.226251452

12.3944642 0.65270078 2.387352149 2.176179538 350.5078747

2.124236116 0.017676049 0.07658273 0.067806833 7.778565857

1.194075219 0.062879006 0.229992893 0.209579081 33.76870707

26.10877272 0.922201397 1.53977647 1.735144991 30.05850674

0.625504323 0.05112226 0.097934964 0.244805435 5.483016868

24.38575261 1.036591212 1.568993657 3.339166511 809.4477405

0.883551036 0.037241911 0.052645928 0.120641486 29.47909798

1.077249462 0.052387525 0.156985146 0.154687564 32.60780149

0.354030676 0.01494369 0.021376579 0.048362998 11.8018744

0.222171788 0.009342559 0.012945012 0.030311707 7.423141011

6.824165671 0.280691029 0.314239389 0.924219051 231.0025158

0.051311353 0.002124438 0.002547604 0.006964397 1.730283311

44.12964859 9.73305801 11.7755327 9.649372067 184.7783613

37.02842165 3.759333126 3.129397465 10.41519097 160.8521877

0.054524765 0.002229183 0.002330977 0.007369747 1.852158257

14.66588233 1.783094772 1.765086301 7.587024562 136.594132

0.053295888 0.002178942 0.002278441 0.007203648 1.810414381

33.45144402 7.951725723 0.166138064 0.851561564 9.404229008

6.209853982 0.727326647 0.109708301 3.192258945 19.7015007

1.275548951 0.28227636 0.077127045 0.335262386 1.316112369

79.77307715 17.65361795 4.823540258 20.96737405 82.30991827

0.048055377 0.011435232 0.000215315 0.001214068 0.011931396

1.046141748 0.087861196 0.01981356 1.248721627 12.27525728

14.80093021 1.733552991 0.261485201 7.60861721 46.9577126

0.16637026 0.04723567 0.006028726 0.054242789 13.95384057

9.566052562 2.277984729 0.039649741 0.240402654 2.158051594

0.218081126 0.012057785 0.049452241 0.039818664 5.890649486

3.33637999 0.337523515 1.363769494 2.744796708 28.86068491

0.288197645 0.006079259 0.004569104 0.009814013 0.389931282

3.244477959 0.339864101 0.413723104 0.707317315 66.16272893

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

441 Antimony-122 Water ug 29.68055172

442 Antimony-124 Water ug 2.140993199

443 Antimony-125 Water mBq 1.978482386

444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water ug 6.926991988

445 Arsenic, ion Water mg 1.576746414

446 Barite Water mg 8.045343233

447 Barium Water mg 2.363991778

448 Barium-140 Water ug 130.0165762

449 Benzene Water ug 191.4900845

450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng 258.5065267

451 Benzene, chloro- Water ug 5.337953103

452 Benzene, ethyl- Water ug 40.30218725

453 Beryllium Water ug 5.662453103

454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 350.9171954

455 Boron Water ug 998.582694

456 Bromate Water ug 40.1911709

457 Bromine Water mg 1.374407615

458 Butanol Water ng 604.7806527

459 Butene Water ng 230.8293461

460 Butyl acetate Water ng 786.2062843

461 Butyrolactone Water ng 1.335064594

462 Cadmium, ion Water ug 633.504368

463 Calcium, ion Water g 25.27824636

464 Carbonate Water mg 1.423152509

465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg 7.087331272

466 Cerium-141 Water ug 51.98275229

467 Cerium-144 Water ug 15.82524992

468 Cesium Water ug 1.678949334

469 Cesium-134 Water ug 863.4885554

470 Cesium-136 Water ug 9.22592371

471 Cesium-137 Water mBq 829.6540227

472 Chlorate Water ug 826.2696714

473 Chloride Water g 93.63190003

474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng 297.5528577

475 Chlorine Water ug 23.66589358

476 Chloroform Water ng 12.27677468

477 Chromium-51 Water mBq 9.745913016

478 Chromium VI Water mg 1.531931478

479 Chromium, ion Water ug 910.1172635

480 Cobalt Water ug 874.920903

481 Cobalt-57 Water ug 292.865621

482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq 43.55512082

483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq 38.42706754

484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 442.4528025

485 Copper, ion Water mg 1.343024541

486 Cumene Water ug 95.94747305

487 Cyanide Water ug 112.4694444

488 Dichromate Water ug 7.120407528

489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg 147.4683959

490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water ug 178.292951

491 Ethanol Water ug 1.391568433

492 Ethene Water ug 73.05898944

493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng 746.6579459

494 Ethyl acetate Water pg 94.91163223

495 Ethylene diamine Water pg 733.2352939

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.815207133 0.033328821 0.03485075 0.11018608 27.69186845

0.062415707 0.003035596 0.00875136 0.010398402 1.885721269

0.057794755 0.002816528 0.008001714 0.010312936 1.741887681

0.410622146 0.079917649 0.027835292 0.087267058 1.643994459

0.016614821 0.000534977 0.001414488 0.003166705 0.028280116

0.67477992 0.11515445 0.057266656 0.162843763 1.080137121

0.215302881 0.04286064 0.029927387 0.056730097 0.665363441

3.571040096 0.145997931 0.15266479 0.482673538 121.3050875

16.96911163 3.821459067 0.991531868 5.020760599 64.45914724

11.24635838 2.673366102 0.055855541 0.286294541 3.161694734

0.232228309 0.055202873 0.001153372 0.005911754 0.065286474

4.922351269 1.089289239 0.297626001 1.293808103 5.079162841

0.248803468 0.022742005 0.157863442 0.092242347 2.339200822

37.21983047 7.35448473 2.84314022 10.39644607 56.77648269

40.24622304 3.491022915 20.9220183 12.19868976 555.4058562

2.208875755 0.261071301 0.105247614 1.168087526 7.318292037

0.150995582 0.032766944 0.0097656 0.039382239 0.229099111

26.32292186 6.263515511 0.118472181 0.665230888 6.5714523

9.903854216 1.497525486 0.198353122 0.223538739 6.921705287

34.21942563 8.142481462 0.154012122 0.864790851 8.542794444

0.05808215 0.013806678 0.000288468 0.001478577 0.016328672

6.541868776 0.078299372 0.150995183 0.11575158 2.700387432

0.216326763 0.002463427 0.004175565 0.004758309 0.117585378

0.00707646 0.001040918 0.000684547 0.001464386 1.352345379

0.856444246 0.187221707 0.053654221 0.224719867 0.895692598

1.427760199 0.058372359 0.061037878 0.192980769 48.49975673

0.4346569 0.017770455 0.018581926 0.058749658 14.76491216

0.205072179 0.045382051 0.012399847 0.053900705 0.211593632

27.17955081 1.565873818 6.70134448 6.195511733 701.3876139

0.253399562 0.010359954 0.010833032 0.034250319 8.607759995

25.45388622 1.401652423 5.698475578 4.631187144 690.2905124

17.94220601 2.047299667 0.862274394 9.042789141 544.4327312

1.289064014 0.037869031 0.011513295 0.038520092 0.316524551

14.03376442 1.647786236 0.738643379 4.185625614 137.7714905

0.764607195 0.059080778 0.144180406 0.164837484 19.20988539

0.534516363 0.12727951 0.002227254 0.013437646 0.121377596

0.269694718 0.011285505 0.014591306 0.03826214 9.033914992

0.101112185 0.015421274 0.019259243 0.036711976 0.663869501

285.868211 0.215487689 0.14745269 0.280635874 9.243968382

39.32363299 1.70292913 5.374204583 16.03432303 396.2785871

8.043857991 0.328864026 0.343881295 1.087234331 273.2427728

1.218684845 0.052780308 0.088406195 0.179998936 39.957707

1.071821434 0.045978136 0.07224687 0.156317221 35.35694576

41.88484695 7.943288546 3.237668905 13.04140483 93.16974252

0.098525303 0.003018117 0.003545861 0.010608985 0.266145336

3.461049352 0.839670301 0.162904279 1.542766662 69.5271141

6.529025664 0.681833477 0.758309692 1.54130546 38.25626339

0.19849205 0.004404441 0.002697725 0.033187748 6.543243081

13.44113381 2.519762877 1.050541068 4.373378264 32.89490943

3.21711511 0.000958447 0.00187724 0.002459835 0.350071357

0.060567661 0.014412022 0.000272594 0.00153066 0.015120285

3.516636664 0.301108056 0.066955766 4.410705498 41.99046557

3.86421063 0.080169479 0.20386479 0.376346738 721.9417249

4.131657034 0.983470901 0.017921152 0.104147606 0.985885697

48.89318903 22.68891078 1.348877314 6.244940144 527.0555893

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

496 Ethylene oxide Water ng 105.0413239

497 Fluoride Water mg 273.1333208

498 Fluosilicic acid Water ug 12.05719711

499 Formaldehyde Water ug 6.401532273

500 Glutaraldehyde Water ng 993.2522355

501 Heat, waste Water kJ 103.1794101

502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water ug 218.2634126

503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water ug 20.14739183

504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water ug 904.4170062

505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water ug 278.6253596

506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq 1879.224171

507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ug 2.151318215

508 Hydrogen sulfide Water ug 62.08662892

509 Hydroxide Water ug 6.966422727

510 Hypochlorite Water ug 25.12863342

511 Iodide Water ug 170.6192939

512 Iodine-131 Water ug 506.10986

513 Iodine-133 Water ug 81.62151724

514 Iron-59 Water ug 22.43949998

515 Iron, ion Water mg 65.59497822

516 Lanthanum-140 Water ug 138.4783988

517 Lead Water ug 643.3456295

518 Lead-210 Water Bq 64.55364537

519 Lithium, ion Water ug 22.35437812

520 m-Xylene Water pg 629.9870187

521 Magnesium Water g 1.451390824

522 Manganese Water mg 2.000755886

523 Manganese-54 Water mBq 2.622162865

524 Mercury Water ug 89.23093518

525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water ug 20.13499187

526 Methanol Water ug 19.8299695

527 Methyl acrylate Water ug 2.057566379

528 Methyl amine Water pg 481.2279402

529 Methyl formate Water pg 163.0809974

530 Molybdenum Water ug 68.76031438

531 Molybdenum-99 Water ug 47.74437906

532 Nickel, ion Water mg 4.800358521

533 Niobium-95 Water ug 183.2526463

534 Nitrate Water g 49.61428821

535 Nitrite Water ug 18.29937076

536 Nitrogen Water mg 2.580248397

537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water ug 709.4935103

538 o-Xylene Water pg 458.8875271

539 Oils, unspecified Water mg 94.10702262

540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water ug 10.38925201

541 Paraffins Water pg 218.1741088

542 Phenol Water ug 186.7844906

543 Phosphate Water g 1.112598773

544 Phosphorus Water mg 176.9601266

545 Polonium-210 Water Bq 98.51213941

546 Potassium-40 Water Bq 7.806471105

547 Potassium, ion Water g 1.193708102

548 Propene Water ug 41.63298929

549 Propylene oxide Water ug 6.345200256

550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq 13.46229403

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

4.59140506 1.083539857 0.025150132 0.127424993 1.659294475

2.89170808 0.170052558 0.017634197 0.259404646 0.514025729

1.062532469 0.105051448 0.108122222 3.1939886 0.988568974

0.261288441 0.051362719 0.015860999 0.170152293 4.362966034

83.30616244 14.21659865 7.069957425 20.10416792 133.3502567

5.466228616 0.77699102 1.529541438 1.818797033 42.680879

26.65938325 5.899666685 1.611980047 7.007091685 27.50717189

2.460866142 0.544584617 0.148798158 0.646808461 2.539123531

109.4228974 24.15717616 6.634687849 28.71963032 113.3767923

15.69473418 2.73125959 1.43727997 3.827133999 121.6642893

57.73280215 3.188369715 13.037881 10.55131949 1561.181903

0.095293212 0.021920734 0.000690424 0.003947086 0.061432862

3.020437383 0.322675818 0.441387609 1.253890004 19.08745792

0.302524963 0.071620573 0.002071245 0.007926763 0.123476066

1.055790663 0.091634959 0.646856886 0.371267764 12.27907132

20.61821157 4.547965219 1.303982361 5.423684755 22.28383556

14.53292093 0.67837865 1.670580093 2.340290147 452.7813845

2.241819614 0.091654257 0.095839563 0.30301172 76.15263825

0.616324137 0.025197715 0.026348345 0.0833044 20.93598824

2.741280908 0.241977014 1.346652196 0.868304047 33.47187095

3.80345283 0.155499863 0.162600618 0.514087209 129.1999434

15.86273997 1.025925179 1.395435729 1.829909249 78.85244906

0.513170413 3.80956E-05 8.28572E-05 0.00010991 0.002793927

1.592150535 0.18647999 0.028128219 0.818466393 5.051287042

44.86969685 5.255345173 0.792704341 23.06587105 142.3544528

0.01967264 0.000355164 0.000642966 0.000626157 0.015859537

0.063219849 0.006893985 0.015592743 0.016611171 0.561478852

0.073433654 0.003187737 0.00539797 0.010959181 2.403948534

1.311396142 0.023983777 0.031529745 0.024062313 0.660595281

2.184881826 0.446235046 0.156787751 0.559286399 2.642451814

0.80399167 0.073532001 0.080317033 0.13932061 2.642900339

0.08958591 0.021333286 0.000371319 0.002251366 0.020210099

20.93588098 4.976657555 0.103978998 0.532957342 5.885716418

7.100709095 1.691015703 0.02922027 0.178362973 1.587620852

2.52488524 0.187384554 1.138801725 0.675647764 43.54443517

1.311348883 0.053613014 0.056061202 0.177246233 44.54536683

0.192594524 0.011921097 0.024238012 0.059784732 1.526408512

5.356955989 0.259494352 0.682378965 1.099542042 161.8826174

2.209291937 3.01206E-05 2.24205E-05 9.97961E-05 0.00196275

0.680188447 0.119636984 0.119908607 0.114761239 9.707083887

0.152126587 0.002782262 0.008155659 0.007008737 0.193671633

43.79802047 4.509175861 5.418979449 11.45614709 202.8808594

32.68344206 3.828034989 0.577412113 16.8013629 103.6921093

10.89590591 2.225662586 0.824829491 2.832963554 12.10373323

1.183272523 0.254422497 0.100678651 0.315665251 1.502470382

19.12397469 2.091671728 1.421895051 1.46511406 24.51717498

19.24920647 4.216624667 1.190148459 5.099903885 45.90093072

0.020595047 6.15178E-05 8.71953E-05 0.000373513 0.005350542

2.904908989 0.000427136 0.000191828 0.001014988 0.014009895

0.783068394 5.25387E-05 9.15476E-05 0.000140083 0.003237102

0.062176508 1.6505E-05 8.5246E-05 7.21545E-05 0.002546952

0.01575635 0.000243903 0.000253624 0.000370144 0.007501262

2.592188377 1.071456664 0.071143121 0.59510951 25.8453219

1.646688362 0.977469202 0.013469606 0.032442317 0.269522786

0.405047853 0.021330091 0.078018044 0.071116981 11.45450574

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq 35.06747214

552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water Bq 4.255537288

553 Radium-224 Water mBq 83.9474667

554 Radium-226 Water Bq 81.19977776

555 Radium-228 Water mBq 167.9336767

556 Rubidium Water ug 17.309811

557 Ruthenium-103 Water ug 10.07449379

558 Scandium Water ug 12.89245434

559 Selenium Water ug 17.79505937

560 Silicon Water g 1.353817282

561 Silver-110 Water mBq 37.55581105

562 Silver, ion Water ug 1.839655076

563 Sodium-24 Water ug 361.2466991

564 Sodium formate Water ug 51.61626945

565 Sodium, ion Water g 54.34839933

566 Solids, inorganic Water mg 66.66980578

567 Solved solids Water mg 60.64190309

568 Strontium Water mg 3.852175059

569 Strontium-89 Water ug 815.1682294

570 Strontium-90 Water Bq 2.735711775

571 Sulfate Water g 75.6215466

572 Sulfide Water ug 5.601693235

573 Sulfite Water ug 70.80940976

574 Sulfur Water ug 477.9050446

575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 91.68829349

576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water ug 4.40322855

577 Technetium-99m Water mBq 1.097236977

578 Tellurium-123m Water ug 133.8903489

579 Tellurium-132 Water ug 2.764493865

580 Thallium Water ug 1.045924368

581 Thorium-228 Water Bq 1.127221263

582 Thorium-230 Water Bq 1.836798623

583 Thorium-232 Water ug 781.1663928

584 Thorium-234 Water mBq 13.46381368

585 Tin, ion Water ug 38.29538746

586 Titanium, ion Water ug 6.149950782

587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg 149.3153128

588 Toluene Water ug 218.4239949

589 Tributyltin compounds Water ug 3.735325663

590 Triethylene glycol Water ug 12.35748864

591 Tungsten Water ug 10.45982904

592 Uranium-234 Water mBq 16.15475274

593 Uranium-235 Water mBq 26.65534198

594 Uranium-238 Water Bq 33.16054394

595 Uranium alpha Water mBq 775.5955049

596 Vanadium, ion Water ug 546.2235989

597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water ug 619.8933314

598 Xylene Water ug 170.3737774

599 Zinc-65 Water mBq 4.897688009

600 Zinc, ion Water mg 3.889680555

601 Zirconium-95 Water ug 56.71659733

602 2,4-D Soil mg 6.324838009

603 Aclonifen Soil mg 18.77702548

604 Aldrin Soil ng 2.387679872

605 Aluminum Soil ug 839.2272101

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

0.632299501 8.29276E-05 5.20602E-05 0.0001699 0.004603879

0.13089857 0.007256414 0.029656034 0.023916785 3.532444744

10.25360895 2.269102573 0.619992327 2.695035271 10.57968161

0.846159333 0.016935616 0.049578805 0.048644937 7.143792716

20.50997732 4.538528341 1.240033403 5.391489062 21.16811779

2.06637689 0.454644923 0.127013863 0.541755726 2.558652967

0.276706419 0.011312829 0.011829418 0.037400551 9.39947341

0.547644158 0.047165743 0.345711185 0.192135116 4.793870605

0.763968391 0.07234113 0.319767565 0.549202587 9.283507803

0.061797342 0.005528883 0.012228143 0.026555878 0.520936162

1.045752675 0.044658095 0.068561009 0.149400317 34.5998445

0.194265842 0.043385804 0.010483315 0.050819864 0.275187201

9.922015211 0.405650357 0.424174002 1.341092244 337.0421198

2.6992007 0.104591815 0.06439005 2.392498397 25.01380841

0.732455694 0.017601428 0.004393083 0.021848162 0.092792079

2.705763736 0.235072538 1.393488269 0.736663906 32.53505341

0.879693428 0.044801206 0.211201432 0.189120361 4.68495702

0.40577818 0.085335902 0.041299342 0.108367924 0.770460244

22.64632727 0.958007192 1.328374519 3.357853893 753.3304447

0.094467331 0.006561008 0.039891937 0.015794287 1.919912305

0.729901789 0.001504103 0.006475485 0.004943002 0.209873136

0.352929203 0.061138499 0.069084083 0.094854231 2.107128251

2.94631506 0.252780759 1.75909325 1.056186509 35.62876755

5.900834073 0.0059109 0.002235421 0.007610824 0.033927244

3.482157655 0.503397321 0.279107938 0.790362212 9.818653554

0.349824021 0.067082852 0.026132603 0.087109753 0.375162599

0.03013894 0.001232502 0.001292528 0.004074011 1.02364724

4.108150213 0.225040845 0.881615314 0.832106826 111.7811995

0.075929691 0.003104299 0.003246054 0.010262907 2.579264738

0.049191238 0.004603238 0.022567762 0.019202294 0.391623927

0.047304645 0.009076748 0.002480172 0.010780849 0.042329086

0.055264826 0.002910283 0.010644801 0.009703218 1.562855511

30.73255032 2.456362725 15.52073037 12.1505851 455.8130388

0.405093623 0.0213325 0.078026677 0.07112556 11.45579983

1.426594696 0.137835747 0.343795859 0.325652125 19.30444701

0.440757251 0.061321735 0.068175294 0.946847441 1.357901587

13.5044868 2.528365927 1.052931848 4.383327716 33.02822918

25.74885362 5.663874201 1.563885321 6.727588972 26.36562778

0.295989113 0.048331636 0.026115174 0.095013283 0.943501265

0.467061851 0.016178444 0.062178998 0.072554557 1.737199387

0.426530179 0.035824758 0.252876935 0.133002242 5.090699907

0.486057421 0.025596109 0.093621653 0.085340375 13.74540686

0.801994743 0.04223358 0.154475727 0.140811617 22.67992131

0.264507735 8.36877E-05 0.00027655 0.00026982 0.035979209

23.33577126 1.228875918 4.494812634 4.097127481 659.9221975

36.21331644 5.133898345 8.309955379 35.50330341 189.4566129

72.75004522 15.93555956 4.534180301 19.03814869 101.378134

20.65435956 4.546040889 1.268359208 5.423411306 21.39834056

0.13452008 0.005499701 0.00575084 0.018182177 4.569528671

0.529853131 0.140454241 0.011771156 0.0213833 0.294474982

1.557780162 0.063688078 0.066596335 0.210554696 52.91642039

2.33868E-05 4.52516E-07 7.28998E-08 3.32252E-07 4.75506E-06

16.82455623 1.74337E-06 1.00572E-06 8.77684E-06 0.000107552

0.103952647 0.024751112 0.000437392 0.002615002 0.023892133

88.12314997 17.81584315 6.896352646 22.38461369 128.449044

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

606 Antimony Soil pg 277.7313519

607 Arsenic Soil ng 346.3191536

608 Asulam Soil ug 254.64

609 Atrazine Soil ug 297.0806264

610 Barium Soil ug 397.6879612

611 Benomyl Soil ng 7.891337085

612 Bentazone Soil mg 11.64226218

613 Bifenox Soil ug 254.64

614 Boron Soil ug 56.29884432

615 Cadmium Soil ug -17.79884265

616 Calcium Soil mg 3.750648287

617 Carbendazim Soil ug 848.81

618 Carbetamide Soil mg 1.779145725

619 Carbofuran Soil ug 4.326331451

620 Carbon Soil mg 2.449153037

621 Chloride Soil mg 25.76744539

622 Chlorothalonil Soil ug 1.537722788

623 Chlorotoluron Soil ug 594.17

624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg 1.9098

625 Chromium Soil ug 15.39264138

626 Chromium VI Soil ug 273.3971777

627 Cobalt Soil ng 36.70587545

628 Copper Soil mg -12.80903511

629 Cypermethrin Soil ug 2.574726159

630 Fenpiclonil Soil ug 580.2203985

631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil ug 169.76

632 Fluoride Soil ug 224.5811019

633 Fluroxypyr Soil ug 636.61

634 Glyphosate Soil mg 419.1544123

635 Heat, waste Soil kJ 57.52092698

636 Iron Soil mg 11.69712506

637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil ug 84.881

638 Lead Soil ug 90.60790237

639 Linuron Soil ug 1.377852403

640 Magnesium Soil ug 700.4946122

641 Mancozeb Soil ug 1.997185072

642 Manganese Soil ug 71.26466175

643 Mecoprop Soil ug 509.28

644 Mercury Soil ng 632.9455426

645 Metaldehyde Soil ug 17.02005185

646 Metolachlor Soil mg 5.442369007

647 Metribuzin Soil mg 2.037170322

648 Molybdenum Soil ng 8.03652523

649 Napropamide Soil ug 30.11233673

650 Nickel Soil mg -4.211017853

651 Oils, biogenic Soil ug 264.1896742

652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg 136.9264921

653 Orbencarb Soil ng 379.7466811

654 Pendimethalin Soil mg 14.769

655 Phosphorus Soil ug 59.0585372

656 Pirimicarb Soil ug 812.2327353

657 Potassium Soil ug 385.6527737

658 Silicon Soil ug 247.9579521

659 Sodium Soil mg 1.689583124

660 Strontium Soil ug 8.020188656

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

18.47351136 1.806943128 0.226185141 0.546286218 17.12614946

35.69466809 7.245633011 2.704679619 8.93618499 49.57140975

x x x x x

2.7271E-05 6.49323E-06 1.14746E-07 6.86022E-07 6.26788E-06

43.15409269 8.81372186 3.096695586 11.04658019 52.19011547

0.149048049 0.002874559 0.000464556 0.002117032 0.030303709

8.586475802 8.89737E-07 5.1327E-07 4.47929E-06 5.48897E-05

x x x x x

2.211083976 0.206284999 0.080229991 0.446152685 45.47029445

30.97774916 0.00512102 0.000611907 0.117797746 0.24477588

0.367568524 0.072244499 0.034287151 0.091863599 0.7418002

x x x x x

1.779113614 3.18154E-07 1.83373E-07 1.59454E-06 2.08232E-05

0.081713816 0.001575943 0.000254688 0.001160637 0.016613647

0.263051648 0.053981598 0.019134536 0.067139146 0.336823339

8.578581652 4.906491664 0.101737443 0.227353451 1.640852971

0.019618512 0.003206691 0.00168827 0.009068113 1.376518268

x x x x x

x x x x x

330.048846 0.112592846 0.038387982 0.117545111 0.80037898

7.619864728 0.168759868 0.103159387 1.272803777 251.2707943

1.464494564 0.12980795 0.604219174 0.230016733 20.6643384

-0.212716242 0.000422894 7.57624E-05 0.000809868 0.157081301

1.974638331 0.000229532 3.9996E-05 0.000198794 0.00283894

580.1548109 0.000186329 0.000101129 0.000659562 0.057887359

x x x x x

9.466341326 0.995473682 0.379454608 1.964994688 175.0702854

x x x x x

0.000492382 0.000128995 0.001491714 3.14523E-05 0.000435937

1.537073959 0.021805867 0.012301734 0.0493637 53.9686529

0.432551719 0.056703232 2.81652626 0.093845115 0.955797788

x x x x x

23.03462543 0.191430863 0.005698823 0.522784184 1.222768625

0.073427981 0.013436678 0.007748308 0.067618952 0.828607131

71.55336061 14.29386066 6.028996939 18.06415716 120.1392837

0.025480405 0.004164831 0.002192715 0.011777611 1.787813614

4.965530869 0.807579534 0.915310138 1.116085009 26.91126584

x x x x x

631.0748582 0.019627103 0.011002553 0.064937814 1.190777076

17.01361687 6.07276E-05 3.49602E-05 0.000302564 0.004273317

0.000531301 9.72144E-05 5.60809E-05 0.000489416 0.005997354

8.97181E-07 1.46646E-07 7.72069E-08 4.14697E-07 6.29501E-05

0.343600218 0.042035374 0.12565491 0.056089679 4.329689994

30.10095178 0.000107441 6.18525E-05 0.000535304 0.007560469

0.024832563 6.28535E-05 2.96295E-06 2.74525E-06 8.64241E-05

11.18864943 0.218646028 16.3496783 10.65265037 120.6396625

11.78240478 2.220618841 0.863848324 2.876281402 12.24311363

4.844868643 0.791904918 0.416924937 2.239406227 339.9365918

x x x x x

5.052493454 0.930344499 0.636571225 1.217419072 16.35386462

812.2245647 8.41633E-05 4.8552E-05 0.000423712 0.005192205

34.30656215 6.44186668 3.985640157 8.359598098 98.45613714

15.29514221 2.329890083 3.394763382 3.247711682 105.4854831

0.188597889 0.042950312 0.012645851 0.044617583 0.212622074

0.871771 0.178295839 0.062433579 0.223372013 1.051817498

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 12/10/2009 Time:

Project agri data

Title: Analyzing 1 kg 'Soybeans, at farm, PA, adapted from ecoinvent unit'

Method: TRACI 2 V3.01

Per sub-compartment: No

Default units: No

Indicator: Inventory

Relative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit Total

661 Sulfur Soil ug 497.7660305

662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg 120.3630623

663 Tebutam Soil ug 71.3522598

664 Teflubenzuron Soil ng 4.688144373

665 Thiram Soil ng 14.00017135

666 Tin Soil ng 3.693142154

667 Titanium Soil ug 2.716645001

668 Trifluralin Soil mg 17.825

669 Vanadium Soil ng 77.75895028

670 Zinc Soil mg -37.7193605

Pea seed IP, at

regional

storehouse/CH U

Transport, lorry

>16t, fleet

average/RER U

Transport, freight,

rail/RER U

Transport, tractor

and trailer/CH U Irrigating/ha/CH U

52.68682392 10.69864685 4.030037504 13.40503998 73.48849783

5.240576685 1.247949832 0.021721334 0.131699957 1.18224627

71.32528275 0.000254585 0.000146562 0.001268422 0.017914801

0.059812093 0.009776424 0.005147127 0.027646482 4.196670833

0.264428981 0.00509981 0.000824178 0.003755866 0.053762386

0.309282307 0.102113696 0.009773732 0.057538441 0.559586993

0.103832109 0.006904395 0.046035116 0.015888178 1.568007046

x x x x x

2.972003017 0.197625613 1.317670786 0.454769789 44.88129246

-0.414955731 0.013303719 0.000385864 0.315790461 0.558150781

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 26.47378345 0 7.659325496 1.61465911 0.175966161 0.0169537352 Anhydrite, in ground Raw µg 0.632889608 0.030904344 0.004555126 0.000560538 0.0017108523 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 73.60224396 50.25987709 1.226427498 0.205665022 2.3438208614 Basalt, in ground Raw mg 14.94078586 0.074802111 0.124459854 0.005771124 0.0074965035 Borax, in ground Raw ng 132.4158411 14.43871755 88.79330491 1.44799843 0.4358180766 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw µg -14.91447233 -18.66731021 0.145864047 0.025984066 0.0078719627 Calcite, in ground Raw g 3.215162303 0.158391385 0.114746917 0.009401909 0.003810198 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw oz 1.241336014 1.216896215 0.003614834 0.008516602 0.001039411 5.07918E-059 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg 1.895349159 0.011145523 0.000471006 5.08088E-05 0.000436084

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.21378E-09 -2.53717E-10 -2.23576E-10 -9.23172E-12 -2.3424E-1111 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 9.74882649 1.1162925 0.310898309 0.023511791 0.01303771512 Chrysotile, in ground Raw µg 27.28540244 0.340200246 0.059671622 0.002068097 0.00430298913 Cinnabar, in ground Raw µg 2.510940399 0.031433064 0.005507604 0.000184814 0.00040017414 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg 15.9806796 5.400516978 0.770639622 0.088943107 0.18318439515 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g 0.962227689 0.030833206 0.013213235 0.00239855 0.00091606816 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g 3.350587231 1.102672985 0.62166851 0.076276769 0.01636701417 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g 10.40953681 0.775826886 5.388128604 2.64203289 0.01230075518 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng 33.72086727 3.570948333 2.05724682 0.216481007 12.3132440619 Colemanite, in ground Raw µg 67.58629207 4.747340232 4.997238767 0.130682177 0.07338650220 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 0.993842714 0.269701015 0.077553654 0.003456185 0.00178612421 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 5.469362291 1.495659376 0.430091088 0.019157223 0.0098772822 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.450826499 0.396745021 0.114087808 0.005081727 0.0026200923 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 7.242526035 1.967080278 0.56570128 0.025207714 0.01299864524 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng 1.282112852 0.112972056 0.297394914 0.009000544 0.0029778925 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg 2.410956975 0.474402315 0.084494268 0.012293175 0.00953594926 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ 0.007280596 0.000980768 0.002399322 0.000313556 1.37569E-0527 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J 131.4006824 0.772696358 0.032653887 0.003522471 0.03023283828 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ 1.411799749 0.475511278 0.265927789 0.031309894 0.00672625529 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ 16.9637135 5.451908034 5.274886353 0.201681457 0.04288211230 Energy, solar, converted Raw J 27.01461443 6.519381543 10.76990772 0.44934648 0.09648046631 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng 8.089310187 3.034183552 0.349994252 0.052450245 0.01162318132 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 356.2339539 0.027954355 0.00122748 0.000165194 0.00127188733 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 156.1755133 0.012332701 0.000572211 8.48256E-05 0.00056171334 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg 2.0782951 0.837687629 0.165398659 0.008195612 0.03690003335 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -1.14004E-13 -2.50705E-14 -2.39422E-15 -7.1465E-16 -5.02962E-1736 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg 63.95950218 18.50392846 17.85702934 1.274335223 0.27363920237 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm3 84.20886094 7.551922013 35.33357643 25.52096312 0.11990447238 Gas, natural, in ground Raw dm3 57.39077329 44.7368462 0.995456302 0.021572032 0.02454549839 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 36.330281 0.181201008 0.074180461 0.010152249 0.00692009340 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 66.61692726 0.332258992 0.13602101 0.018615697 0.01268902641 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 79.76570216 0.397839644 0.162868607 0.022289967 0.01519356742 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 121.8319598 0.607649955 0.24876118 0.034045122 0.02320624743 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 30.19532511 0.1506025 0.061653958 0.008437875 0.00575152844 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 72.3216588 0.360711567 0.147669082 0.020209774 0.01377564445 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 111.9656762 0.55844058 0.228615773 0.031288067 0.02132693846 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 126.2529014 0.62969952 0.257787959 0.035280522 0.0240483347 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 7.565230277 0.037732381 0.015446974 0.002114052 0.00144100648 Granite, in ground Raw pg 42.42129808 8.981754512 3.638679882 0.637631823 0.02820998449 Gravel, in ground Raw g 8.579871373 1.027521064 0.503784645 0.125481467 0.0179590150 Gypsum, in ground Raw µg 4.281649972 2.086485611 0.413900873 0.016878464 0.02273993151 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw pg 323.8397821 93.42908167 91.06843107 6.434334706 1.38161870952 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw µg -0.245546067 -0.310241094 0.003284826 0.000493982 0.00014426853 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 0.918709987 0.199151429 0.035387835 0.005226048 0.00420022154 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 0.153111539 0.013550064 0.065591283 0.013039018 0.00017485455 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 0.65047802 0.057880041 0.223057098 0.033250292 0.00107612356 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 4.45897E-09 1.28328E-09 9.60759E-10 3.54504E-11 6.30218E-1157 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 0.3409273 0.077082506 0.066104218 0.0017162 0.0017594358 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 13.15006517 2.906500317 0.458086344 0.074223652 0.058436234

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw µg 0.25917686 0.038194546 0.041314606 0.00614955 0.000583460 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 3.839179721 0.113221924 0.093019736 0.018629006 0.00776516561 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw µg 26.69161889 1.116405753 2.416759355 0.261999878 0.02367606162 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 134.5929586 36.55563728 10.5128252 0.468452695 0.2415629763 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 19.05672003 5.211277019 1.498552315 0.066748886 0.03441508464 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.803830907 0.497935817 0.032479831 0.00654294 0.00273169765 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 69.82970062 19.09572654 5.49115799 0.244588508 0.12610748466 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 3.640292357 1.004944872 0.06555082 0.013205036 0.00551312867 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -4.35388E-10 -8.16558E-11 -7.16762E-11 -3.35979E-12 -9.18491E-1268 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.291655503 1.28040676 0.002554053 0.000197969 4.29108E-0569 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 34.9697983 4.322412901 1.085634651 0.121075611 0.07345406870 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a 9.09725E-07 5.28428E-08 1.77938E-07 5.78655E-08 5.7046E-0971 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a 15.38154921 0.103508253 0.002644715 0.000597558 0.0005325472 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a 134.0153577 14.01657826 63.2567585 14.60952995 0.12821097273 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a 9.469429013 6.048372889 0.091826034 0.017280551 0.17148698374 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a 18.4131975 0.441690305 0.867123521 0.161124889 0.01023765775 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a 6.742315694 0.553015433 1.716655726 1.202566809 0.00909535776 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a 32.96185896 0.193830868 0.008191227 0.000883612 0.00758390777 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a 46.45763601 16.48412355 9.141808475 7.794055321 1.45238949578 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a 0.090943533 0.058392564 0.000728568 0.000144107 0.00132321879 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a 2.182935505 0.18236369 0.004803219 0.000386001 0.0005852880 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a 103.6260407 6.083981527 0.713884154 0.066262145 0.03517498481 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a 168.4471654 7.258762677 19.85054769 4.433471402 0.16825704682 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a 0.505775995 0.279254873 0.011609409 0.001242917 0.0109042983 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a 2.141058738 0.107228071 0.118423101 0.052553441 0.00147458284 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a 22.34022661 0.298492271 2.042742799 0.401647666 0.01679084585 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a 24.70313581 0.330064114 2.258802144 0.444129495 0.01856679986 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a 8.691105018 0.584869617 1.717834153 1.182278082 0.01291543887 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a 28.35045757 1.697865491 2.832299671 0.811210992 0.32590800288 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2a 0.041827489 0.000942014 0.00030538 7.58783E-05 4.57159E-0589 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a 35.43029859 9.954657289 10.58641645 0.839030882 0.16414569490 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a 16.3331772 2.660325168 7.540524946 0.474343479 0.13977525891 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 2.277754402 0.23503926 0.24041919 0.037469173 0.46127208292 Olivine, in ground Raw ng 224.9909547 12.71123224 1.947676025 0.246122927 0.59638723993 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 10.50061607 0.315133623 0.31650558 0.046857937 0.57534517194 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 25.23605094 0.757358145 0.76065539 0.112613324 1.38272270295 Peat, in ground Raw µg 253.1142447 118.2594336 3.724013153 0.708081577 0.11712790696 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 0.622059452 5.18472E-05 2.43288E-06 3.88675E-07 2.24102E-0697 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw g 1.424935816 0.000111817 4.90992E-06 6.60775E-07 5.08755E-0698 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg 9.08679E-11 2.42772E-11 1.79733E-11 6.56544E-13 1.13641E-1299 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 0.277862514 0.053919676 0.081976712 0.004221827 0.013899424

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 0.996096262 0.193294111 0.293874461 0.01513463 0.049827391101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng 0.102879197 0.01335925 0.019038397 0.00150388 0.013224598102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng 0.322230827 0.04184289 0.059630698 0.004710345 0.041421135103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 0.21314677 0.00823106 0.008046242 0.00124937 0.01860728104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg -2.57214E-12 -2.75275E-13 -4.1984E-13 -7.2621E-14 -3.05157E-13105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw µg 42.58155641 9.51938852 4.974192967 0.589304381 0.156074394106 Shale, in ground Raw µg 1.791699404 0.087497452 0.012890434 0.001585898 0.004843415107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw µg 0.808375791 0.006019985 0.003631132 0.000363191 0.000182569108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 0.576708395 0.004318962 0.002614368 0.000260832 0.000130587109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 53.24034619 0.397000918 0.23968039 0.023960892 0.012030801110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 121.5945951 0.906702721 0.547401424 0.054723822 0.027476916111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 119.1891145 0.888765302 0.536572053 0.053641224 0.026933327112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng 78.64250959 0.58641913 0.354037415 0.035393191 0.017770975113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw g 1.961439345 0.01965369 0.002821119 0.000124231 0.000288403114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw pg 44.7346038 12.47243689 1.208286105 0.07583457 0.042164362115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg 0.517343703 0.228480656 0.009201571 0.001204443 0.010544087116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng 0.133239179 0.011740233 0.030905746 0.000935351 0.000309467

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

117 Sulfur, in ground Raw µg 18.03070955 2.01336662 0.573087042 0.066040211 0.070091141118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw g 0.001372338 8.97917E-06 2.22167E-06 5.07762E-07 3.40226E-07119 Talc, in ground Raw µg 18.35566362 1.730854065 6.396690824 1.372089887 0.015985639120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 0.63709153 0.004444453 0.002561721 0.000265567 0.000139563121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 86.50770096 0.647855007 0.392161651 0.039125478 0.019588343122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 30.35009484 0.437977047 0.271117831 0.038582546 0.010956914123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg 1.774060093 0.487045383 0.360753168 0.013431903 0.022714712124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng 5.53414676 0.080633754 0.081591819 0.014691087 0.004833148125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2 0.022674368 0.005675901 0.007075382 0.000207225 4.31271E-05126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 0.00016781 9.74206E-06 3.27626E-05 1.06683E-05 1.05405E-06127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.003212119 0.00092941 0.000195924 2.13528E-05 2.05445E-06128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 0.143572148 0.012129493 0.005844757 0.000313698 0.000107304129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 0.280994321 0.008782256 0.0175549 0.010168331 0.000177616130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.00222307 0.000501301 0.000242368 1.15143E-05 8.8544E-06131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.000972616 1.85135E-05 1.45073E-05 8.75136E-07 8.57998E-07132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2 18.41439924 11.87075313 0.319508709 0.052117828 0.593066831133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2 5.150589524 0.404843619 1.199852197 0.810406924 0.006834748134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 1.177214499 0.006922562 0.000292545 3.15577E-05 0.000270855135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2 0.316349156 0.24260113 0.011175206 0.000457593 0.000262503136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.001142482 0.000774299 7.12508E-07 5.93043E-07 1.39803E-07137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2 0.508731659 3.99193E-05 1.75195E-06 2.35801E-07 1.8163E-06138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 0.86783636 6.80976E-05 2.98861E-06 4.02249E-07 3.0984E-06139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2 6.716358342 0.133043639 0.048415522 0.023960468 0.001928283140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2 6.440902172 0.291678116 0.073962416 0.018164955 0.000949372141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2 0.001368594 7.95002E-05 0.000267373 8.70636E-05 8.60193E-06142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2 9.473513855 6.049983802 0.091870472 0.01728803 0.171544542143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 0.502485454 0.036371707 0.054715422 0.011458605 0.000500021144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2 1.177214499 0.006922562 0.000292545 3.15577E-05 0.000270855145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2 10.43685613 1.492495798 1.246991917 0.410162581 0.018548245146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2 2.015436313 1.290878871 0.025389807 0.018759591 0.00097206147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2 0.000167948 9.75002E-06 3.27893E-05 1.0677E-05 1.05491E-06148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2 0.006998762 0.00111466 0.000259644 3.1819E-05 5.57967E-06149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2 0.990159663 0.107415966 0.501527105 0.118251659 0.000976867150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2 9.469429013 6.048372889 0.091826034 0.017280551 0.171486983151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2 0.143572148 0.012129493 0.005844757 0.000313698 0.000107304152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2 0.280994909 0.008782287 0.017554958 0.010168337 0.000177617153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2 0.00222307 0.000501301 0.000242368 1.15143E-05 8.8544E-06154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2 0.000972616 1.85135E-05 1.45073E-05 8.75136E-07 8.57998E-07155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2 1.64302152 0.103027573 0.047375747 0.016791131 0.001466241156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2 0.122667916 0.002941952 0.005776888 0.001073374 6.81982E-05157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2 1.177214499 0.006922562 0.000292545 3.15577E-05 0.000270855158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2 4.967318593 0.393327183 1.182066443 0.801436706 0.006545909159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2 1.177214499 0.006922562 0.000292545 3.15577E-05 0.000270855160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2 0.546947867 0.295376252 0.020213143 0.002432373 0.027563557161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2 0.950239144 0.318930943 0.239604288 0.195678975 0.001340509162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2 0.004084849 0.001610915 4.44396E-05 7.4791E-06 5.75582E-05163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2 3.877448418 0.592713003 0.014374972 0.000915407 0.001564962164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2 2.612769645 0.198523762 0.023468137 0.001254231 0.001096776165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2 23.44922526 10.7145597 0.620778138 0.121451822 0.572285588166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2 5.576041254 0.237769394 0.000131886 0.0001034 4.25139E-05167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2 0.007119877 0.003931109 0.000163427 1.74967E-05 0.000153501168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2 0.001142482 0.000774299 7.12508E-07 5.93043E-07 1.39803E-07169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2 0.427762156 0.021431562 0.023656532 0.010494419 0.000294632170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2 0.051983989 0.000694569 0.004753305 0.000934603 3.9071E-05171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2 0.057139429 0.000763454 0.005224708 0.00102729 4.29458E-05172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2 0.055407105 0.004004136 0.011751829 0.007875942 7.50248E-05173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2 0.348840508 0.025639807 0.043217986 0.009583066 0.003685835174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2 1.161566978 0.006868753 0.01158674 0.000430512 0.000287741

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2 0.000833177 1.87643E-05 6.08298E-06 1.51145E-06 9.10631E-07176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2 0.727026982 0.127943369 0.097714832 0.013919043 0.002341864177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2 0.185124197 0.031884131 0.083320796 0.004623056 0.00131309178 Ulexite, in ground Raw µg 2.891073209 0.867252862 0.482317602 0.057119275 0.012312763179 Uranium, in ground Raw µg 219.5467712 44.53151538 104.867676 3.066941121 0.656915595180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw µg 12.95434687 8.805209491 0.298894917 0.161182248 0.00246755181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3 0.390326602 0.091776029 0.154592878 0.006328014 0.001353305182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3 0.091563166 0.02320924 0.03226323 0.001599564 0.000342174183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw l*day 119.6125763 54.21434664 24.63297339 1.343312413 0.284922016184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3 2.171383035 1.170617846 0.199891198 0.005612837 0.011200878185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in 78.07022019 29.75599193 26.99546916 0.410051137 0.203996831186 Water, lake Raw cm3 13.59688034 9.244153153 0.313588464 0.169153237 0.00259249187 Water, river Raw cm3 126.5020907 43.83737896 30.49956474 2.253880823 0.621545769188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3 34.48327672 20.81048124 0.266498855 0.222525458 0.186910903189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3 1.745068067 0.285692783 0.188303394 0.029229739 0.365885255190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw dm3 125.8087806 25.74167741 52.09433715 1.629037895 0.347106361191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in 34.987796 0.678995539 0.157523239 0.02265939 0.072326583192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3 93.13594916 23.8236272 5.082807477 3.3247465 0.097857445193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3 177.6204177 29.79860204 79.19536696 21.40618512 0.40002394194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3 12.18887893 0.071676206 0.003029012 0.000326748 0.002804433195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3 0.415189377 0.064401023 0.150987205 0.004020777 0.000902423196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3 0.001880762 0.000215019 2.87412E-05 3.63965E-06 1.42796E-05197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg 14.88510238 3.881039656 0.038776717 0.005883456 0.005819422198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg 0.870742396 0.004521505 0.001955654 0.000255663 0.000168424199 1-Propanol Air pg 292.3619135 84.06921776 82.91731614 5.789755388 1.243213406200 1,4-Butanediol Air pg 211.5313155 1.245182466 0.621160355 0.072249565 0.043025504201 2-Propanol Air µg 3.948423314 0.019573474 0.007942906 0.001095089 0.000750365202 Acenaphthene Air ng 1.054007474 0.008006269 1.034378096 0.000531357 0.000114085203 Acetaldehyde Air µg 19.47690115 1.346263803 1.882872256 0.093939119 0.041775688204 Acetic acid Air µg 172.4453339 60.58969525 10.53032253 0.303649233 0.266580025205 Acetone Air µg 14.37356031 1.003981669 1.618077362 0.068992655 0.025333407206 Acetonitrile Air µg 1.279867604 0.007526209 0.000318055 3.43095E-05 0.000294474207 Acrolein Air µg 0.591976428 0.000759463 0.588731641 8.04863E-05 3.9797E-05208 Acrylic acid Air ng 10.21587179 0.050974631 0.020880946 0.002856269 0.001946208209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air mBq 4.079581097 0.000895005 4.076927074 5.11962E-05 1.11765E-05210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air µBq 194.6637974 19.58935861 145.2826718 1.346433109 0.288153667211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air µg 2.233972623 0.052539957 2.083755463 0.002701487 0.00206509212 Aluminum Air mg 2.789638814 0.221426317 1.170060559 0.836024665 0.002303038213 Ammonia Air mg 2.287691333 0.11171291 0.507892409 0.109644932 0.006079532214 Ammonium carbonate Air µg 5.17587169 5.168697687 0.00415169 7.52667E-05 5.73752E-05215 Antimony Air µg 0.726221202 0.153362734 0.084670145 0.08936313 0.001183076216 Antimony-124 Air nBq 0.37831899 0.08748651 0.013850978 0.0067618 0.001397831217 Antimony-125 Air nBq 3.948076541 0.912995237 0.144546593 0.070565064 0.014587537218 Argon-41 Air mBq 25.94041499 10.30702327 0.397439496 0.707829424 0.152058003219 Arsenic Air µg 7.064681323 1.241315161 1.203058613 1.414558048 0.017676689220 Arsine Air pg 0.119079506 0.000594176 0.000243395 3.32936E-05 2.26856E-05221 Barium Air µg 8.546396385 0.438238145 0.121649332 6.919317215 0.006593661222 Barium-140 Air µBq 0.256816505 0.059388982 0.009402541 0.004590152 0.000948898223 Benzal chloride Air pg 2.156218019 0.000636738 2.153701844 1.245E-06 1.16714E-06224 Benzaldehyde Air ng 1.109462471 0.153097075 0.051997519 0.026260189 0.017368184225 Benzene Air mg 0.468081241 0.162368171 0.080844462 0.029696738 0.003284224226 Benzene, ethyl- Air µg 3.328184492 0.327430783 0.561609973 0.051461972 0.612905463227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ng 8.903695102 1.985750947 0.310243596 0.049718438 0.039780975228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng 0.343838184 0.013574646 0.005806963 0.00034054 0.000357717229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air µg 0.21770612 0.061642503 0.021672671 0.004620447 0.00141805230 Beryllium Air ng 123.655664 1.428147923 42.66485966 68.95567883 0.02002402231 Boron Air µg 115.783845 28.33096208 18.10022717 27.8776851 0.420382339232 Boron trifluoride Air pg 0.000888714 4.43446E-06 1.8165E-06 2.48476E-07 1.69307E-07

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

233 Bromine Air µg 9.183128308 3.135552373 0.612140163 0.734726181 0.046458949234 Butadiene Air pg 117.6659231 0.933301843 0.605305594 0.06135786 0.128492973235 Butane Air mg 1.065866597 0.54871274 0.045969471 0.003012683 0.03274846236 Butanol Air pg 0.655747102 0.003860087 0.001925597 0.000223977 0.000133379237 Butene Air µg 2.95735115 0.30107847 0.318749867 0.049741195 0.612385521238 Butyrolactone Air pg 61.21339471 0.360334131 0.179752744 0.020907714 0.012450769239 Cadmium Air µg 1.893489235 0.396135182 0.25887131 0.094953848 0.020580035240 Calcium Air µg 101.5535703 6.159240541 11.69660938 69.21187217 0.130914215241 Carbon-14 Air mBq 211.1551983 79.41410967 6.185409655 5.490298499 1.173763672242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 37.9034046 37.29209917 0.105875126 0.215012233 0.005943171 0.00138861243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 82.73713051 30.23560662 12.83054986 5.312238764 1.518904391244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg 19.72761131 0.342706449 0.973591126 0.015508864 0.007412694245 Carbon disulfide Air µg 198.745923 60.08607614 8.843981825 0.642550958 0.316053622246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg 1.556342268 0.102728857 0.153583097 0.015280372 0.001239882247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg 66.80520053 20.44402612 5.21118621 6.03324397 0.391644043248 Cerium-141 Air nBq 62.25813037 14.39723266 2.279388633 1.112756785 0.230034244249 Cesium-134 Air nBq 2.981764103 0.689534864 0.109168056 0.053293895 0.011017161250 Cesium-137 Air nBq 52.8569838 12.22321147 1.935194742 0.944727493 0.195298448251 Chlorine Air mg 1.863843776 0.012108087 0.000599022 3.64389E-05 0.000134171252 Chloroform Air ng 296.965573 79.76296012 196.9205672 0.065219327 0.01512983253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air pg 183.5266297 0.915751279 0.375122639 0.051312423 0.034963336254 Chromium Air µg 36.29006688 4.018904535 1.677053169 1.323273899 0.057327198255 Chromium-51 Air nBq 3.989489939 0.922572112 0.146062817 0.071305257 0.014740553256 Chromium VI Air µg 1.156549314 0.097854355 0.184972688 0.154379835 0.001213342257 Cobalt Air µg 3.11492471 1.369574528 0.486884629 0.187267612 0.02126964258 Cobalt-58 Air nBq 5.555529623 1.284719795 0.203398509 0.099295518 0.02052683259 Cobalt-60 Air nBq 49.07793522 11.34930405 1.79683658 0.877183513 0.181335443260 Copper Air µg 33.27954582 4.546029396 1.655928232 1.027812998 12.54463025261 Cumene Air µg 2.658018782 0.376838521 0.068986097 0.006791138 0.044251399262 Cyanide Air µg 8.167715165 0.119612437 4.950809622 0.003082763 0.002136249263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g 0.001043 0.000229362 0.00041928 6.86113E-05 1.46258E-05264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 19.91964159 2.347631915 7.550003055 1.179686172 0.055299163265 Ethane Air mg 9.225030872 7.11248682 0.056458264 0.087360721 0.009973523266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng 8.35096375 2.402785903 2.364780063 0.165477137 0.035532301267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air ng 39.42975587 0.008640771 39.40412844 0.000494156 0.000107881268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng 24.31446497 1.909665582 18.33182566 0.129685071 0.027851459269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng 0.484841351 0.002419234 0.000991 0.000135557 9.23663E-05270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air µg 27.40699314 0.0828687 0.105227301 0.001250755 0.003458131271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air µg 0.343600581 0.032494585 0.25964941 0.002221754 0.000475002272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air µg 0.459475202 0.016297592 0.038213535 0.004176198 0.000315085273 Ethanol Air µg 8.110583629 1.389086574 3.192616329 0.099626087 0.038793851274 Ethene Air µg 214.5041111 5.461018368 2.133601776 164.284697 1.33837679275 Ethene, chloro- Air µg 0.263237532 0.048219851 0.015501227 0.000682608 0.001115044276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 84.98985601 0.020675685 84.92793158 0.001201723 0.000262158277 Ethyl acetate Air µg 18.34071514 0.098642624 0.044581159 0.005620354 0.003596509278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng 37.08740463 0.184788592 0.075538641 0.010350786 0.0070616279 Ethylene diamine Air pg 16.50987108 1.319425357 5.881368781 1.219155708 0.022234295280 Ethylene oxide Air ng 35.96564247 8.045576236 0.644999636 0.086952372 0.572048831281 Ethyne Air µg 32.81671007 0.236972554 0.15990195 27.35024255 0.004620593282 Fluorine Air µg 1.178571442 0.276584246 0.138133255 0.005858078 0.002274256283 Fluosilicic acid Air µg 0.497718556 0.018783769 0.044514015 0.004865249 0.000359792284 Formaldehyde Air mg 0.152551533 0.041093436 0.007702156 0.004754545 0.016167445285 Formic acid Air µg 8.583182777 0.05045187 0.002173438 0.00023584 0.001973911286 Furan Air µg 2.430722382 0.014293708 0.000613924 6.51605E-05 0.000559261287 Heat, waste Air MJ 2.197557321 0.628316192 0.787768114 0.109511853 0.062647506 0.021432944288 Helium Air µg 8.860032483 1.265703092 0.614403962 0.099520267 1.107115381289 Heptane Air mg 0.029603724 0.003008818 0.003186035 0.000497242 0.006123834290 Hexane Air g 0.000162324 1.5271E-05 3.56174E-05 1.64195E-06 1.32092E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air mg 0.001745894 8.70441E-06 0.001142057 1.40921E-07 7.4431E-07292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg 0.534874869 0.26707386 0.015603057 0.028855467 0.010002054293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air µg 54.96922093 6.966999303 7.524773549 27.79767942 0.101653847294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air mg 0.458389542 0.130762095 0.239435382 0.000308537 0.000771313295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air µg 2.352758388 0.012599306 0.417286239 0.001902649 0.000734188296 Hydrogen Air µg 348.1718309 26.37405472 6.855167111 0.301463901 1.024769647297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq 2.498821882 0.461465043 1.328725026 0.031770261 0.006798785298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 5.861498079 0.203064869 2.441172632 2.229488744 0.005944362299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 0.766438214 0.042894546 0.30796439 0.071947809 0.000906979300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng 27.48453268 0.14168691 0.060702036 0.007998546 0.00530138301 Hydrogen sulfide Air mg 0.891101895 0.591326426 0.001858549 0.0005618 0.000202421302 Iodine Air µg 5.136389493 1.661898313 0.361742992 0.738396482 0.024662894303 Iodine-129 Air µBq 210.0574002 80.60906315 4.979636297 5.55771914 1.18920246304 Iodine-131 Air mBq 10.38198078 4.080522694 0.288772862 0.280129766 0.06018542305 Iodine-133 Air mBq 0.541226771 0.000164231 0.540668974 1.18335E-05 2.49446E-06306 Iodine-135 Air mBq 1.173212276 0.000202188 1.17264409 1.3762E-05 2.94947E-06307 Iron Air µg 273.7487708 3.217777433 2.027713656 241.8225895 0.145992064308 Isocyanic acid Air ng 291.3418933 33.96661547 57.46432671 8.042696769 0.596726075309 Isoprene Air ng 112.7951572 0.66328537 0.02837973 0.003023702 0.025951974310 Krypton-85 Air mBq 81.26647792 32.25936111 1.249028772 2.21576202 0.475969836311 Krypton-85m Air mBq 4.995873637 1.3726682 0.155043409 0.101612896 0.021295101312 Krypton-87 Air mBq 1.807224123 0.582825236 0.045026577 0.041647578 0.008828986313 Krypton-88 Air mBq 1.857312156 0.558502665 0.051463194 0.04050773 0.008545579314 Krypton-89 Air mBq 0.526747295 0.13255063 0.017908439 0.010023431 0.00208638315 Lanthanum-140 Air nBq 21.94909683 5.075742741 0.803598184 0.39230228 0.081098546316 Lead Air µg 25.12275966 4.792541758 2.225611695 4.239478667 0.076609171317 Lead-210 Air mBq 15.73229558 0.433937732 1.502309903 2.572657019 0.006472326318 m-Xylene Air µg 0.490629327 0.09332571 0.227633792 0.005766954 0.001244602319 Magnesium Air µg 249.0036545 2.4492774 23.52334292 207.3206437 0.025420973320 Manganese Air µg 6.63541057 1.07837558 1.575791667 1.242110326 0.012485463321 Manganese-54 Air nBq 2.043060584 0.472459073 0.074800334 0.036516187 0.007548795322 Mercury Air µg 2.907683677 0.577511899 0.288250984 0.177262575 0.021328962323 Methane, biogenic Air mg 0.657927455 0.115503718 0.182901384 0.004947992 0.001203102324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg 0.493230706 0.000145653 0.492655136 2.84791E-07 2.66981E-07325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air µg 1.826327314 1.232566143 0.001240229 0.001004284 0.000309741326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air µg 0.08429574 0.008294567 0.00835882 0.001314097 0.015850648327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air µg 6.347507864 4.246565752 0.010986044 0.004891039 0.001269057328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air µg 0.575186808 0.002544764 0.571672399 9.44199E-06 2.91126E-06329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 7.559828696 4.238506322 0.029366591 0.00616788 0.002982005330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg 3.298794484 0.065390728 0.039453829 0.003454227 0.001092851331 Methane, fossil Air mg 314.0652411 200.3850989 24.01471947 15.17021421 0.81587294332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air µg 1.044306888 0.000230461 1.043616849 1.31979E-05 2.88202E-06333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air µg 2.186178319 0.023370487 0.003293534 8.02459E-05 0.000237531334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air µg 3.833128798 0.144768643 0.342903603 0.037473526 0.002772421335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg 5.355416561 0.106158353 0.064051182 0.005607754 0.001774185336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng 1.049616429 0.020806141 0.012553491 0.001099072 0.000347725337 Methanol Air mg 25.16766311 25.13942449 0.003541621 0.000135838 0.000162417338 Methyl acrylate Air ng 11.59084666 0.057835374 0.023691321 0.003240698 0.002208152339 Methyl amine Air pg 22.06534021 0.129888178 0.064794744 0.007536518 0.004488078340 Methyl borate Air pg 0.003912839 1.95241E-05 7.99772E-06 1.094E-06 7.45428E-07341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air µg 18.34068903 0.09864249 0.044581101 0.005620346 0.003596504342 Methyl formate Air pg 44.95195131 0.222840135 0.090428316 0.012467357 0.008542735343 Molybdenum Air µg 0.616899181 0.05879342 0.068921085 0.263708731 0.009585711344 Monoethanolamine Air µg 0.841429204 0.042081439 0.013030443 0.000766165 0.000319715345 Nickel Air µg 22.10583583 4.181949337 3.413769302 1.651071118 0.304014787346 Niobium-95 Air nBq 0.242529084 0.056085007 0.008879451 0.004334789 0.000896108347 Nitrate Air ng 97.16576856 9.862015117 52.54999849 11.28268629 0.101564356348 Nitrogen oxides Air g 0.134617596 0.043495313 0.025742039 0.013298906 0.001647433

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 28.47588325 15.18995778 1.900488306 0.348282911 0.496500452350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq 2022.680752 774.6278179 51.96028707 53.40769906 11.42780794351 Ozone Air µg 157.3902502 31.02604939 82.89090665 1.905157276 0.406003726352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air µg 12.04521728 4.103319228 2.136610129 0.077233721 0.028341463353 Paraffins Air pg 62.28274073 0.264934828 0.207013947 0.021817327 0.031247586354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg 9.859002905 1.761647576 0.984164792 1.206207128 0.076111579355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg 35.41761921 2.973863191 10.51742241 5.544569917 0.067265902356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 12.35640761 0.954845691 0.478705125 1.191743649 0.025758593357 Pentane Air mg 1.273440035 0.471583585 0.057631472 0.003726455 0.037128542358 Phenol Air µg 3.276159508 0.019273134 0.062529756 0.002140889 0.001627192359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng 61.47143317 22.1289106 6.954898418 1.514600992 0.325271808360 Phosphine Air pg 8.830457398 0.044061737 0.018049176 0.002468918 0.001682275361 Phosphorus Air µg 5.068125936 0.261493634 0.589126584 3.471456593 0.003740296362 Platinum Air pg 4.657470721 1.107506011 1.8767569 0.076235847 0.016355326363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq 0.028655229 0.010996381 0.000679303 0.000758163 0.000162226364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq 0.06568847 0.025207805 0.001557216 0.001737992 0.000371884365 Polonium-210 Air mBq 19.96633829 0.76537864 1.674214819 4.700827182 0.011402625366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng 14.95718179 3.334945411 0.541433976 0.084755305 0.067878969367 Potassium Air µg 170.6855084 18.62708717 44.76561621 70.04345518 0.250193691368 Potassium-40 Air mBq 2.877660441 0.097800002 1.717435701 0.744942997 0.001450186369 Propanal Air ng 1.260903219 0.196308126 0.095784551 0.029236064 0.018007183370 Propane Air mg 2.563965744 1.7026598 0.040108107 0.058382779 0.027900484371 Propene Air µg 97.05503385 1.45998444 0.958351676 27.47723076 1.256305609372 Propionic acid Air µg 15.55937997 7.502506353 0.549109839 0.011195337 0.002604513373 Propylene oxide Air µg 0.250316769 0.00421244 0.002760041 0.000526401 0.001333211374 Protactinium-234 Air µBq 300.5816831 10.94717376 272.4409164 0.753938881 0.161242571375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq 2.057605925 0.18167281 0.477016629 0.014468768 0.004783304376 Radium-226 Air mBq 24.76223942 0.463399076 1.28336435 0.688040615 0.006895952377 Radium-228 Air mBq 4.146156735 0.05013336 0.253771039 3.557621099 0.000742028378 Radon-220 Air mBq 47.14929934 4.401408458 36.17892978 0.355531356 0.064426463379 Radon-222 Air Bq 7135.983587 1445.910366 3408.330422 99.67750191 21.32262761380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq 0.053285229 0.012322243 0.001950874 0.000952382 0.000196881381 Scandium Air ng 75.39712705 0.559164331 0.396585931 68.9222174 0.010016247382 Selenium Air µg 4.38948673 0.355280172 2.701019563 0.544450556 0.01257369383 Silicon Air mg 0.942447199 0.005602272 0.004858084 0.864238176 0.00010141384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air µg 10.77314102 0.00084535 3.71E-05 4.99344E-06 3.84628E-05385 Silver Air ng 1.484392906 0.514930408 0.380798998 0.026633094 0.005742138386 Silver-110 Air nBq 0.528097419 0.122122867 0.019334651 0.009438831 0.001951239387 Sodium Air µg 54.72512489 2.334152066 4.7145629 34.72716802 0.435910743388 Sodium chlorate Air ng 25.2689549 9.999904353 2.754331648 0.122139789 0.429855464389 Sodium dichromate Air ng 60.77946007 21.48024355 23.6254281 0.424904285 0.292181244390 Sodium formate Air ng 2.247411127 0.081852671 0.133875329 0.026687932 0.001496234391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng 102.4797804 0.518295106 0.21637959 0.02913246 0.019623099392 Strontium Air µg 12.27655932 0.444609983 0.128591882 10.41932214 0.006701323393 Styrene Air µg 0.552902622 0.004751766 0.049770047 0.000155797 0.000281535

394 Sulfate Air mg 45.26735622 0.036720105 0.030690926 0.000792804 0.001176845395 Sulfur dioxide Air mg 300.1171593 30.15912943 70.84636634 29.1730826 2.668734728396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air µg 3.392813095 0.451480042 2.37052976 0.023111153 0.006197595397 Sulfuric acid Air ng 21.46462263 0.114188548 0.05087702 0.006490894 0.004191047398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng 12.43295496 0.779390958 1.172912949 0.608799799 0.048378135399 Terpenes Air µg 1.066556336 0.006271841 0.000265046 2.85913E-05 0.000245395400 Thallium Air ng 105.1597589 1.095507335 0.750552817 86.48225251 0.02836781401 Thorium Air ng 113.0174713 0.699349309 0.572367443 103.9265529 0.012062599402 Thorium-228 Air mBq 0.560217713 0.020533622 0.156834849 0.302161522 0.000305277403 Thorium-230 Air mBq 20.13419752 0.041955736 0.341960917 0.002794235 0.000665958404 Thorium-232 Air mBq 0.741896929 0.031125631 0.158651051 0.193538439 0.000463697405 Thorium-234 Air µBq 300.6075099 10.94927816 272.4613479 0.754082177 0.161273209

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

406 Tin Air µg 0.990682253 0.182554572 0.052125367 0.038007148 0.001663336407 Titanium Air µg 22.55470245 0.134088655 0.113292393 20.73054049 0.002274606408 Toluene Air µg 292.2794156 78.20362958 108.2781896 6.494796719 4.419704216409 Uranium Air ng 149.3952255 0.698212579 0.720509724 138.380281 0.011135514410 Uranium-234 Air mBq 20.79665515 0.128739459 0.781482528 0.008775517 0.001945059411 Uranium-235 Air µBq 30.40723403 6.172735485 14.55174171 0.425478433 0.090987956412 Uranium-238 Air mBq 21.7057996 0.205337569 0.80338157 0.560893679 0.003085451413 Uranium alpha Air mBq 2.917237891 0.594639058 1.389805229 0.040989873 0.008765633414 Vanadium Air µg 30.67884655 4.246029911 7.535855618 2.40905455 0.494932359415 water Air mg 3.316239946 0.332512693 1.7929182 0.385284928 0.00345399416 Xenon-131m Air mBq 8.463276995 2.651383329 0.220859899 0.19061559 0.04032864417 Xenon-133 Air Bq 0.275508909 0.083324385 0.007572702 0.006035879 0.00127386418 Xenon-133m Air mBq 1.023451241 0.382953596 0.018718569 0.026583418 0.005690074419 Xenon-135 Air Bq 0.112482062 0.034241859 0.003063121 0.002476909 0.000522989420 Xenon-135m Air mBq 67.10692591 20.06388137 1.874232544 1.457047083 0.307255187421 Xenon-137 Air mBq 1.44350103 0.363481262 0.049045765 0.027481799 0.005720642422 Xenon-138 Air mBq 12.22310118 3.293404893 0.387670256 0.244924892 0.051253098423 Xylene Air µg 137.0983064 19.48598764 68.24235671 7.436618126 2.75868821424 Zinc Air µg 70.432068 13.81348897 2.127790403 0.388949879 12.59941841425 Zinc-65 Air nBq 10.20149848 2.359103077 0.373496265 0.182334205 0.037692972426 Zirconium Air ng 16.41397295 3.487804433 0.624064666 0.091818365 0.073739842427 Zirconium-95 Air nBq 9.971577477 2.305933698 0.365078421 0.178224763 0.036843449428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg 84.61313792 0.498076467 0.248465848 0.028900032 0.017210321429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water ng 12.79662332 0.003778883 12.78169044 7.38875E-06 6.92668E-06430 Acenaphthene Water ng 0.876400501 0.135813583 0.094421063 0.014671915 0.182975138431 Acenaphthylene Water pg 54.81025606 8.493807598 5.905111456 0.917584375 11.44330042432 Acetaldehyde Water ng 121.4985875 0.650782337 0.292663344 0.037047123 0.023786673433 Acetic acid Water µg 1.152896169 0.092514909 0.023235404 0.002153529 0.009564258434 Acetone Water ng 30.5002225 0.009006811 30.46463059 1.76108E-05 1.65095E-05435 Acidity, unspecified Water µg 1.07398106 0.141104141 0.649258161 0.000927556 0.005272629436 Acrylate, ion Water ng 24.17843256 0.120644265 0.049419991 0.006760079 0.00460619437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq 0.3411915 0.130931484 0.008088311 0.009027278 0.001931595438 Aluminum Water mg 33.78384627 4.170290705 10.02867489 4.208617017 0.061634936439 Ammonium, ion Water mg 0.560126916 0.013207957 0.059440508 0.002782523 0.0023627440 Antimony Water µg 13.69369456 1.28050424 2.794575333 0.976421169 0.020581993441 Antimony-122 Water µBq 0.152523983 0.035271269 0.005584193 0.002726103 0.000563553442 Antimony-124 Water µBq 57.3515168 21.18974615 1.410230995 1.465630124 0.31273326443 Antimony-125 Water µBq 52.59189504 19.44748551 1.249611633 1.334350534 0.28441116444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water µg 48.1117188 47.49644886 0.065542152 0.016700196 0.024071077445 Arsenic, ion Water µg 207.1571884 4.011574872 12.33863727 7.321707525 0.073262806446 Barite Water mg 5.900182692 3.768601569 0.057214682 0.010767112 0.106849582447 Barium Water mg 1.170311947 0.075639998 0.914791136 0.006823869 0.026516142448 Barium-140 Water µBq 0.668136033 0.154506887 0.024461732 0.01194178 0.00246866449 Benzene Water µg 20.37797175 2.404497232 6.267380967 0.17454444 2.09765946450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng 28.44689458 0.167453343 0.08353413 0.009716167 0.005786081451 Benzene, chloro- Water µg 0.587405629 0.003457778 0.001724913 0.000200631 0.000119478452 Benzene, ethyl- Water µg 3.669925629 0.524156551 0.65170829 0.056617498 0.706076693453 Beryllium Water µg 2.932037653 0.452817832 1.384948373 0.426736535 0.006698963454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 53.29038629 14.23514009 3.933743283 0.517745599 6.38110545455 Boron Water µg 260.9039707 62.28855503 99.37869575 12.60010727 1.1502096456 Bromate Water µg 143.8640324 1.793849666 0.314091572 0.010571332 0.022585274457 Bromine Water mg 0.937274131 0.017931119 0.676341943 0.009049052 0.020653163458 Butanol Water ng 66.55357334 0.357945826 0.161771196 0.020394636 0.013050742459 Butene Water ng 17.25152879 0.613903122 0.355959019 0.041207938 0.010734905460 Butyl acetate Water ng 86.51870229 0.465324431 0.210300179 0.02651273 0.016965782461 Butyrolactone Water pg 146.9148259 0.864817928 0.431414632 0.050179435 0.0298824462 Cadmium, ion Water µg 35.917421 0.408111405 0.271647851 0.021273608 0.011611991463 Calcium, ion Water g 1.690424666 0.012876539 0.019256413 0.000933569 0.001078514

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

464 Carbonate Water µg 20.57911702 2.194882064 3.538627608 0.111973789 0.044443735465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg 0.661812391 0.134418582 0.065709693 0.01022083 0.127546211466 Cerium-141 Water µBq 0.267131706 0.061774379 0.0097802 0.004774519 0.000987011467 Cerium-144 Water µBq 0.081323628 0.018806141 0.002977413 0.00145352 0.000300478468 Cesium Water µg 0.140900403 0.021834981 0.015180235 0.002358829 0.029417225469 Cesium-134 Water µBq 46.93366094 18.1517259 1.040708375 1.233675028 0.26360485470 Cesium-136 Water nBq 47.41066276 10.96374622 1.735794557 0.847383891 0.175175127471 Cesium-137 Water mBq 39.27398113 15.06006265 0.931818728 1.038443406 0.222188268472 Chlorate Water mg 1.100258574 0.014279832 0.002557589 8.80509E-05 0.000195507473 Chloride Water g 0.464090332 0.110948811 0.159516378 0.027156401 0.017559671474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng 327.665282 6.620713872 1.140659937 0.058464039 0.136699195475 Chlorine Water µg 8.255278578 4.829979301 0.912313464 0.104813095 0.006076527476 Chloroform Water ng 1.351054154 0.006790349 0.002794223 0.000380275 0.000257851477 Chromium-51 Water µBq 73.73076698 21.13857183 2.280291345 1.532472356 0.32137731478 Chromium VI Water mg 0.837009885 0.041675765 0.015929176 0.004121854 0.000823477479 Chromium, ion Water µg 13.69147323 0.460820902 2.025856402 0.020639652 0.082976841480 Cobalt Water µg 69.45942074 12.37550696 6.713925147 1.108690306 0.172861227481 Cobalt-57 Water µBq 1.504993282 0.348030664 0.055100667 0.026899161 0.005560719482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq 0.501872393 0.163726809 0.01407102 0.011568515 0.002448175483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq 0.39996275 0.127263863 0.011417366 0.009037288 0.001909398484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 77.49438245 30.95564816 4.656352714 0.545330742 6.484788754485 Copper, ion Water µg 93.6658076 11.86921404 7.597792937 1.085021339 0.230594104486 Cumene Water µg 6.361381611 0.905531687 0.139991483 0.016318679 0.106335382487 Cyanide Water µg 12.5428085 2.787796165 0.439222733 0.040630534 0.076073124488 Dichromate Water ng 224.1331102 79.43636796 87.74143407 1.568109571 1.084809575489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg 27.96883743 13.99274852 1.263965388 0.168707748 1.954811075490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water µg 64.57355364 0.009330201 0.009810347 0.000317278 0.000299035491 Ethanol Water ng 153.1362661 0.823602939 0.372215447 0.046926175 0.030028912492 Ethene Water µg 3.242669921 0.376173172 0.048185821 0.005698901 0.044464124493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng 3.524264011 0.65777802 0.216861075 0.009561892 0.010792003494 Ethyl acetate Water pg 10.44471209 0.054314128 0.023535907 0.003072098 0.002021395495 Ethylene diamine Water pg 40.02392984 3.198606906 14.25786369 2.955528988 0.053901321496 Ethylene oxide Water ng 11.89327216 0.115032236 0.040935979 0.004105686 0.002500106497 Fluoride Water mg 105.0975683 0.057096066 0.056823792 0.012769139 0.003362366498 Fluosilicic acid Water µg 0.895893401 0.033810784 0.080125227 0.008757447 0.000647626499 Formaldehyde Water mg 4.743198328 4.742847644 9.51635E-06 1.28419E-06 5.67712E-06500 Glutaraldehyde Water µg 0.728417616 0.465259453 0.007063541 0.001329273 0.013191306501 Heat, waste Water kJ 66.58963375 23.11699097 33.59006643 0.289752897 0.395392591502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water µg 18.31705229 2.838547563 1.973430591 0.306647736 3.824239218503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water µg 1.690804824 0.262019774 0.182162823 0.028305945 0.353006697504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water µg 84.30682584 17.18378042 8.10353735 1.261884575 15.69574921505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water mg 0.11733551 0.070974835 0.00178242 0.000241322 0.002053904506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq 96.8079895 34.50632683 9.004182124 2.378643339 0.508952723507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ng 265.9538998 26.01327983 2.838605344 0.76760878 0.081420344508 Hydrogen sulfide Water µg 18.3954009 5.664280219 3.205406412 0.107675492 0.111031214509 Hydroxide Water µg 0.766540294 0.006081098 0.003815558 0.000370215 0.000178466510 Hypochlorite Water µg 8.742469758 1.864873282 4.136321493 0.127763003 0.027366379511 Iodide Water µg 19.16231101 2.369870636 2.166181884 0.852658126 2.944443668512 Iodine-131 Water µBq 10.60846778 3.830466647 0.256866378 0.265309444 0.056519583513 Iodine-133 Water µBq 0.419440952 0.09699599 0.015356531 0.007496784 0.00154977514 Iron-59 Water µBq 0.115313285 0.026666271 0.004221839 0.002061026 0.000426065515 Iron, ion Water mg 13.03807352 3.87091551 2.377553914 0.291663386 0.060559011516 Lanthanum-140 Water µBq 0.711620093 0.164562604 0.026053766 0.012718983 0.002629327517 Lead Water µg 31.25241327 4.833714573 5.347942264 0.275742621 0.218015591518 Lead-210 Water Bq 4.049090649 0.000511619 0.002587749 1.49712E-05 1.72996E-05519 Lithium, ion Water mg 3.280938761 0.000968871 3.277110105 1.89441E-06 1.77594E-06520 m-Xylene Water ng 92.46281962 0.027304559 92.35492113 5.33879E-05 5.00492E-05521 Magnesium Water mg 11.77610637 1.767326131 4.211108716 0.533561624 0.181195939

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

522 Manganese Water µg 246.716638 43.49331823 41.94446489 5.897815826 1.90969653523 Manganese-54 Water µBq 30.80457476 10.09946993 0.851990968 0.711511041 0.150579895524 Mercury Water µg 0.527572174 0.104503325 0.031069423 0.00345888 0.002453283525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water µg 9.521682847 6.87240775 0.179800031 0.029836092 0.346175977526 Methanol Water mg 1.448795041 1.44029099 2.14622E-05 1.38638E-05 4.93299E-06527 Methyl acrylate Water ng 226.4305843 1.129830743 0.46281672 0.06330798 0.043136877528 Methyl amine Water pg 52.9558793 0.311726112 0.155504637 0.018087323 0.010771197529 Methyl formate Water pg 17.94672608 0.088967254 0.036102834 0.004977498 0.003410623530 Molybdenum Water µg 21.2008087 3.207180195 11.16793498 2.038088456 0.05096177531 Molybdenum-99 Water µBq 0.24535133 0.056737653 0.008982779 0.004385232 0.000906536532 Nickel, ion Water mg 0.522287173 0.056675848 0.027579012 0.006106466 0.000960126533 Niobium-95 Water µBq 4.485128116 1.656093768 0.091621288 0.11102748 0.023587473534 Nitrate Water g 0.002816394 5.15711E-05 0.000205641 5.74072E-06 3.81964E-06535 Nitrite Water µg 23.45746616 0.426789155 0.166127113 0.022581939 0.008907231536 Nitrogen Water µg 229.8769087 23.427897 48.9566169 1.715037717 1.694702747537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water µg 94.64885153 21.94690978 6.658339405 0.596495895 2.105748606538 o-Xylene Water ng 67.35064905 0.019888857 67.27205493 3.88882E-05 3.64562E-05539 Oils, unspecified Water mg 10.50130373 1.513889752 1.083238091 0.159134516 2.006778628540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water µg 1.015133765 0.134357567 0.092765449 0.014584671 0.172063598541 Paraffins Water pg 180.7506112 0.768866806 0.600774742 0.06331602 0.090683554542 Phenol Water µg 489.813412 476.4214469 2.836565917 0.228930565 2.818571437543 Phosphate Water mg 87.3334709 0.218720681 0.305451098 0.048476102 0.004535722544 Phosphorus Water mg 0.731020688 0.475003862 0.000252581 2.38401E-05 0.000149462545 Polonium-210 Water Bq 6.176725857 0.000679345 0.001713095 1.60369E-05 2.49426E-05546 Potassium-40 Water Bq 0.491770269 0.000279663 0.002124653 1.64938E-05 5.23331E-06547 Potassium, ion Water mg 6.578319999 0.821791357 3.522973476 0.716588165 0.13806755548 Propene Water µg 120.3992955 0.351558219 0.057778503 0.00711594 0.042080033549 Propylene oxide Water µg 0.601991654 0.010132964 0.006639115 0.001266451 0.003207952550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq 0.993700462 0.201723383 0.475547116 0.013904524 0.002973463551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq 12.122164 0.00095873 4.28764E-05 6.2564E-06 4.34352E-05552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water mBq 224.8347884 78.5155689 25.07159245 5.413586614 1.158381624553 Radium-224 Water mBq 7.045020125 1.091749066 0.759011768 0.117941437 1.470861238554 Radium-226 Water Bq 5.190946471 0.127698068 0.302100851 0.008847595 0.004220945555 Radium-228 Water mBq 19.77635933 2.185177319 7.197707031 0.235886157 2.941725554556 Rubidium Water µg 1.447410548 0.226146422 0.17018225 0.024125697 0.294287172557 Ruthenium-103 Water nBq 51.77133936 11.97215549 1.895447221 0.925323471 0.191287158558 Scandium Water µg 15.16301288 0.986554402 9.260381087 3.334873615 0.014651376559 Selenium Water µg 6.338005729 0.916498923 2.892284415 1.068974729 0.017786477560 Silicon Water mg 318.1015717 30.29813929 58.4961267 16.7535753 0.442087168561 Silver-110 Water mBq 0.374909281 0.117770915 0.011087776 0.008425133 0.001779709562 Silver, ion Water µg 6.561122506 0.020142251 6.405973009 0.001971853 0.023523694563 Sodium-24 Water µBq 1.856393567 0.429292205 0.0679661 0.033179836 0.00685909564 Sodium formate Water ng 5.399268113 0.196646026 0.321627298 0.064116128 0.00359461565 Sodium, ion Water g 0.119386464 0.012219248 0.03830228 0.001646737 0.009001205566 Solids, inorganic Water mg 14.88661739 4.014406011 2.480649098 0.348109706 0.061820205567 Solved solids Water mg 148.282297 0.204835852 136.011551 0.419452881 0.004404282568 Strontium Water mg 0.740654304 0.095799632 0.316768045 0.061259081 0.054112575569 Strontium-89 Water µBq 7.003903258 2.111325389 0.198733577 0.149718518 0.031456017570 Strontium-90 Water mBq 283.3533132 112.7922794 4.343771981 7.743219527 1.663554577571 Sulfate Water g 4.183378875 0.020007467 0.018849083 0.003298599 0.000374326572 Sulfide Water µg 0.99573419 0.174258224 0.327404156 0.013327325 0.034463121573 Sulfite Water µg 26.35144084 5.07277288 13.81677684 0.346938834 0.074302016574 Sulfur Water mg 0.056798514 0.017228725 0.010842326 0.000430599 0.005382756575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 33.5878192 14.44400165 0.347907353 0.046857195 0.411208033576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water µg 0.562597241 0.030467768 0.032801826 0.005031594 0.064054263577 Technetium-99m Water µBq 5.669061342 1.316333461 0.20686809 0.101628466 0.021016238578 Tellurium-123m Water µBq 6.086973652 2.331911324 0.141306712 0.159494224 0.034081386579 Tellurium-132 Water nBq 14.20632666 3.285222166 0.520120638 0.253913607 0.052490198

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

580 Thallium Water µg 0.934257911 0.064261001 0.409447465 0.221840836 0.00096386581 Thorium-228 Water mBq 77.78734086 4.370911365 3.036223497 0.471790596 5.883623089582 Thorium-230 Water mBq 135.5807294 27.52318672 64.88376254 1.897136586 0.405699955583 Thorium-232 Water mBq 0.507104843 0.044944583 0.395797414 0.003029451 0.000648281584 Thorium-234 Water mBq 0.993976537 0.201745877 0.475765521 0.013906056 0.00297379585 Tin, ion Water µg 6.579262656 1.215646914 1.418632047 0.638033042 0.020394171586 Titanium, ion Water mg 1.334831582 0.21097334 0.525617702 0.189886317 0.002085691587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg 28.49733098 13.99729691 1.271567618 0.169166972 1.958036765588 Toluene Water µg 24.88474421 2.677625705 6.721076755 0.292188684 3.732311717589 Tributyltin compounds Water µg 0.490648677 0.049832465 0.018560917 0.088472281 0.028494568590 Triethylene glycol Water µg 22.86070553 16.23680789 0.012911904 0.01111776 0.00261821591 Tungsten Water µg 7.084538805 0.720964024 4.334868131 0.958495954 0.010696879592 Uranium-234 Water mBq 1.192440551 0.242068059 0.570656538 0.016685429 0.003568155593 Uranium-235 Water mBq 1.967526908 0.399412296 0.941583287 0.027530957 0.005887456594 Uranium-238 Water Bq 2.07992766 0.000867011 0.002271112 4.93658E-05 1.77897E-05595 Uranium alpha Water mBq 57.23543005 11.6217494 27.38339603 0.801074501 0.171308651596 Vanadium, ion Water mg 1.342582233 0.021048384 0.055171655 0.018094755 0.000321306597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water µg 51.78918828 8.147340521 6.492684764 0.860391588 10.30347192598 Xylene Water µg 16.96466704 2.24352233 3.996174545 0.241546002 3.015252502599 Zinc-65 Water µBq 25.16849713 5.820231133 0.921466561 0.449843512 0.092993737600 Zinc, ion Water mg 0.557325062 0.201055982 0.01705845 0.002244619 0.007737011601 Zirconium-95 Water µBq 0.291458238 0.067399905 0.010670841 0.005209314 0.001076893602 2,4-D Soil mg 0.000429347 2.52474E-06 1.06727E-07 1.15139E-08 9.8784E-08603 Aclonifen Soil mg 2.86601E-06 1.38695E-07 3.39071E-07 1.51543E-07 2.19005E-08604 Aldrin Soil ng 0.262758035 0.00132911 0.000555017 7.47095E-05 5.03165E-05605 Aluminum Soil mg 0.410190671 0.273680575 0.012354774 0.001317924 0.013707787606 Antimony Soil pg 32.0733266 0.806426552 0.538754226 0.040600108 0.013924028607 Arsenic Soil ng 158.6728598 109.2907128 4.52770416 0.515359663 5.479238506608 Asulam Soil µg 0 x x x x609 Atrazine Soil µg 6.89322E-05 3.4868E-07 1.45604E-07 1.95993E-08 1.32001E-08610 Barium Soil µg 188.0540245 135.7294313 3.551167675 0.589284351 6.837221946611 Benomyl Soil ng 2.73698328 0.016094719 0.000680157 7.33706E-05 0.000629729612 Bentazone Soil mg 1.46268E-06 7.07835E-08 1.73046E-07 7.73406E-08 1.1177E-08613 Bifenox Soil µg 0 x x x x614 Boron Soil µg 5.283551035 3.254024238 0.667555697 0.022439346 0.144174052615 Cadmium Soil µg 0.015558074 0.00153236 0.003618999 0.000106818 2.753E-05616 Calcium Soil mg 1.734460496 1.115291717 0.099687595 0.006543826 0.055119829617 Carbendazim Soil µg 0 x x x x618 Carbetamide Soil mg 5.74921E-07 3.05218E-08 8.94721E-08 3.33897E-08 4.01562E-09619 Carbofuran Soil µg 1.500518444 0.008823738 0.000372888 4.02245E-05 0.000345241620 Carbon Soil mg 1.403858922 0.816717484 0.024975038 0.003719805 0.041125067621 Chloride Soil mg 3.317412412 0.990276947 0.052223052 0.010110927 0.052195924622 Chlorothalonil Soil ng 56.42811635 5.392055049 27.82605697 5.931438384 0.058930646623 Chlorotoluron Soil µg 0 x x x x624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg 0 x x x x625 Chromium Soil µg 2.097677258 1.378086663 0.084830888 0.007256248 0.068708787626 Chromium VI Soil µg 8.597348089 3.048902719 3.366530496 0.060102732 0.041635644627 Cobalt Soil ng 22.03035693 1.893217034 4.529916614 0.118052516 0.025363418628 Copper Soil mg 0.00609994 0.001925882 0.002146822 3.92046E-05 2.69166E-05629 Cypermethrin Soil µg 0.211889244 0.001246745 5.54182E-05 6.58041E-06 4.88375E-05630 Fenpiclonil Soil µg 0.002319794 0.00021701 0.001106904 0.000238682 3.07465E-06631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil µg 0 x x x x632 Fluoride Soil µg 24.62327288 15.63494798 2.634792915 0.09962191 0.711855288633 Fluroxypyr Soil µg 0 x x x x634 Glyphosate Soil mg 0.004526354 3.8535E-05 0.000138864 2.72557E-05 1.91795E-06635 Heat, waste Soil kJ 1.224246434 0.590388782 0.329339882 0.006467845 0.008352791636 Iron Soil mg 3.906115579 0.584482013 0.279373963 0.053491237 0.029594434637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil µg 0 x x x x

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Time: 1:03:35 PMProject PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

Methanol, at plant/GLO U

Electricity, medium voltage, at grid/US U

Heat, at hard coal industrial furnace 1-10MW/RER U

Heat, light fuel oil, at industrial furnace 1MW/RER U

Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US UNo Substance Compartment Unit Total

638 Lead Soil µg 0.245545269 0.008993769 0.017695239 0.000710524 0.000288592639 Linuron Soil ng 22.13770576 1.068822175 2.61238388 1.167531571 0.168736833640 Magnesium Soil µg 326.8296152 220.4951656 13.73711492 1.14946501 10.98547202641 Mancozeb Soil ng 73.28849679 7.003168535 36.14031477 7.703716358 0.076538767642 Manganese Soil µg 26.18567075 12.91326915 5.293711821 0.17431913 0.574851499643 Mecoprop Soil µg 0 x x x x644 Mercury Soil ng 2.233843798 0.020361565 0.037874203 0.003719967 0.00042448645 Metaldehyde Soil µg 0.000122701 7.12759E-06 2.39713E-05 7.80569E-06 7.71206E-07646 Metolachlor Soil mg 0.000159815 7.73395E-06 1.89073E-05 8.45038E-06 1.22122E-06647 Metribuzin Soil mg 2.58053E-06 2.46586E-07 1.27252E-06 2.71253E-07 2.69498E-09648 Molybdenum Soil ng 9.301106058 0.406718454 0.939727395 0.025714429 0.005502295649 Napropamide Soil µg 0.000217086 1.26103E-05 4.24107E-05 1.381E-05 1.36444E-06650 Nickel Soil mg 0.000128057 6.64846E-06 1.4408E-05 4.61257E-07 1.5541E-07651 Oils, biogenic Soil µg 22.50058203 0.649916712 2.596440932 0.916330891 0.019749767652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg 22.76455185 1.002303462 1.078905018 0.166176944 2.121085003653 Orbencarb Soil ng 13.93514492 1.331589169 6.87175404 1.464792001 0.014553154655 Phosphorus Soil µg 24.06477802 14.57895937 2.809316385 0.121161528 0.697099832656 Pirimicarb Soil µg 0.00013836 6.69566E-06 1.6369E-05 7.31591E-06 1.05727E-06657 Potassium Soil µg 160.8861256 100.6052603 16.13415018 0.75858806 4.860415934658 Silicon Soil µg 127.8036601 35.80989891 21.49433024 0.657420747 1.483374956659 Sodium Soil mg 0.761938863 0.543021672 0.014282234 0.002372512 0.027355958660 Strontium Soil µg 3.765428468 2.715136344 0.071550089 0.011863679 0.137643298661 Sulfur Soil µg 254.5027016 163.9073278 6.608036217 0.772774327 8.218396109662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg 13.24568607 0.066092599 0.027073759 0.003703376 0.002523412663 Tebutam Soil µg 0.000514394 2.98806E-05 0.000100494 3.27234E-05 3.23309E-06664 Teflubenzuron Soil pg 172.0356609 16.43906998 84.8349088 18.08351916 0.179665267665 Thiram Soil ng 4.855734142 0.028553947 0.00120668 0.000130168 0.001117214666 Tin Soil ng 30.76213295 0.11411205 0.056125087 0.009379386 0.001879162667 Titanium Soil µg 0.740631734 0.141665941 0.345593649 0.008763754 0.001887263668 Trifluralin Soil mg 0 x x x x669 Vanadium Soil ng 21.19923186 4.054928093 9.891989362 0.250846393 0.054019441670 Zinc Soil mg 0.012875077 0.004382245 0.000636117 4.94341E-05 0.00022082

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw µg3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg5 Borax, in ground Raw ng6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw µg7 Calcite, in ground Raw g8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw oz9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw µg13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw µg14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng19 Colemanite, in ground Raw µg20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm338 Gas, natural, in ground Raw dm339 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng48 Granite, in ground Raw pg49 Gravel, in ground Raw g50 Gypsum, in ground Raw µg51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw pg52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw µg53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg

No Substance Compartment Unit0.145701023 1.530727689 0.509732692 5.674061176 0.007784585 2.0014348660.00967298 0.003252883 0.011918757 0.099828087 3.62399E-05 0.27919108711.2210841 0.759616251 0.721446283 0.337066273 0.000926635 2.681473451

0.036865514 0.083298463 0.04153422 12.65820327 0.000106029 0.386428121.538926971 4.521805597 1.089284605 1.765424877 0.01475571 6.5060044260.021522468 0.090197357 2.190400502 0.138363627 0.000226902 0.1210801630.034363036 0.087276698 0.022055632 0.251424933 0.000704374 0.1141383180.00042952 0.000909548 7.3075E-05 0.001175894 1.33053E-05 0.001867844

0.004770863 0.000225609 0.00048265 0.000321158 3.76964E-07 0.000250406-5.27345E-11 -4.58549E-11 -2.86874E-11 -3.02871E-10 -5.41337E-13 -6.09974E-110.107798045 0.37473561 0.030569352 1.810011023 0.00055405 1.3193389220.023991364 0.014804527 0.012505365 0.06829488 7.85066E-05 23.003053540.002236526 0.001285452 0.001104194 0.006392282 1.15214E-05 2.1157976391.358626688 0.961495415 0.347057851 2.629351006 0.001756805 0.9037307270.006891434 0.023769135 0.006266986 0.318877762 0.000269638 0.0681829280.110487993 0.27063217 0.013166258 0.0555457 0.000998858 0.4606108760.109911459 0.208427882 0.027710386 0.225933938 0.000672541 0.3150267110.889378256 3.043696474 4.531823393 1.07481538 0.001326079 0.8539512850.835419531 0.281783869 1.170202747 0.500387657 0.043452993 12.560562520.016228431 0.019553186 0.008183362 0.015664317 5.84325E-05 0.1333406560.089939294 0.108363147 0.044623823 0.076017464 0.000323126 0.7327163120.023857683 0.028744873 0.011837107 0.020164718 8.57137E-05 0.194363471

0.1183118 0.142562653 0.059827422 0.100106632 0.000425266 0.9743749850.014024232 0.05032044 0.432486957 0.037366028 0.000180512 0.0652695270.130245529 0.158757669 0.040845349 0.520373496 0.000119662 0.1558312230.000120174 0.000247656 2.19804E-05 0.000367053 3.95654E-06 0.000527470.330754161 0.015641007 0.033461146 0.022265257 2.61341E-05 0.0173601450.050767274 0.111564738 0.005635179 0.021076938 0.000410846 0.1884999130.752505752 0.904987209 0.126940209 0.532875195 0.002730901 1.2630294720.667390578 1.64797534 0.104990982 0.336032553 0.005919875 2.699387760.187132526 0.18760922 0.031602989 0.115086856 0.569354769 0.7078124120.006491858 0.000969434 0.000556901 0.002479797 1.53975E-06 0.0053019750.00287762 0.000475314 0.000277836 0.001101173 6.98242E-07 0.002351572

0.186429138 0.038187801 0.015721235 0.063942334 8.26004E-05 0.168108161-2.59854E-16 -2.76501E-16 -1.85333E-15 -1.20106E-15 -6.01157E-15 -1.62649E-141.899658731 4.676420549 0.299187096 0.955362839 0.016790101 7.6550240561.062801696 2.04231427 0.270170522 2.219099602 0.006720318 3.05394698410.43602119 0.084617444 0.022806915 0.071128505 0.000272814 0.1783878910.027686867 0.041761558 0.829923566 0.102604244 0.00023848 7.8454720570.05076801 0.076576027 1.521787243 0.188140089 0.000437289 14.38582971

0.060788517 0.0916905 1.822155917 0.225274939 0.0005236 17.225288860.09284676 0.140045601 2.783111286 0.344078855 0.000799733 26.30943662

0.023011511 0.034709461 0.689777541 0.08527788 0.000198209 6.520637060.055115505 0.083133589 1.652105293 0.204251405 0.000474736 15.617758420.085327765 0.128704315 2.557727366 0.316214372 0.000734968 24.178826950.09621589 0.145127441 2.884102626 0.356564447 0.000828753 27.26413274

0.005765375 0.008696216 0.172819002 0.021365785 4.96599E-05 1.6337006123.358235335 0.815607458 0.66737181 2.131904352 0.00205879 4.9167943030.365891232 2.143451283 0.842810288 1.454050949 0.004273896 0.2102895880.474783911 0.067721719 0.057104602 0.259142425 0.000224531 0.2842529979.591354769 23.61013681 1.509653893 4.822384127 0.084774958 38.651740.00044951 0.001726713 0.036520168 0.002333891 4.58257E-06 0.002382628

0.058715584 0.070458392 0.02449886 0.210973706 0.00012321 0.0640894030.001385647 0.003266643 0.006291853 0.022331913 1.01464E-05 0.0063437870.006493894 0.018964104 0.109900977 0.063032792 0.000143933 0.0290972312.80091E-10 2.84282E-10 1.62472E-10 1.63738E-10 1.85671E-13 2.83155E-100.02043055 0.008126003 0.083629104 0.008794936 2.75793E-05 0.014923051

0.843981233 1.059262545 0.307006514 2.906485642 0.003212045 0.889671871

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw µg60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw µg62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2a89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g92 Olivine, in ground Raw ng93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng95 Peat, in ground Raw µg96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw g98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw µg106 Shale, in ground Raw µg107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw µg108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw µg109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw g114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw pg115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.004080356 0.010346491 0.00299475 0.006109112 4.07152E-05 0.0404838870.02367852 0.430952355 0.015560502 2.42749837 0.000114931 0.125326997

0.244648523 2.241227471 0.750136348 6.815214893 0.000910286 2.8400085642.198671475 2.649342122 1.111815104 1.860352008 0.007903011 18.107496060.313372541 0.377566165 0.155481326 0.264865161 0.001125856 2.5529794610.008315748 0.151512075 0.00537993 0.853568743 3.7618E-05 0.0431367781.148293665 1.383518894 0.569731541 0.97054765 0.004125483 9.3549042520.016782833 0.305785062 0.010852357 1.722692823 7.59197E-05 0.087007171-1.69334E-11 -1.5874E-11 -1.01593E-11 -1.28083E-10 -2.67369E-13 -2.10096E-110.000209645 0.000290345 0.000146599 0.000586744 1.0231E-06 0.0013256490.73000691 2.005023154 0.232014804 9.348013546 0.001684424 3.694602639

1.26271E-08 1.81334E-07 1.08925E-07 5.61909E-08 8.17033E-11 4.80462E-080.011528141 0.000511577 0.000262645 0.073654636 5.42103E-06 0.0024095231.020854525 2.97918748 0.441665158 10.63841027 0.00766603 5.1528937222.586034159 0.064455635 0.044810843 0.030981184 9.56224E-05 0.0622590960.052277515 0.13710675 0.247253899 12.89300309 0.000428185 1.1417299250.080517503 0.222183158 0.02572587 0.510312603 0.002489483 0.5999991740.082969676 0.003923546 0.008393728 0.005585239 6.55575E-06 0.0043547923.219985496 1.066369995 0.496006291 0.972760106 0.149168398 1.2863207920.025315832 0.000541549 0.000404703 0.000279112 8.8964E-07 0.0005625950.002566976 0.002941297 0.001203506 1.817216703 1.13412E-05 0.0352747850.090903851 0.320524006 0.122517046 90.76817113 0.001204008 1.1008313361.644984303 1.612418241 0.364485602 4.556625831 0.014142029 1.7331432610.120285353 0.00535898 0.012229468 0.007065671 9.33405E-06 0.0053503730.02894038 0.043406659 0.018906798 0.410119252 0.000471685 0.084205858

0.057957438 15.5174582 0.037367812 0.221489749 0.000288313 0.3688413950.064087545 17.15872781 0.041320176 0.244916546 0.000318947 0.4078534770.089478195 0.270442134 1.064331269 0.790966232 0.002525672 0.6684523440.45299308 0.724605932 5.273479995 1.718881751 0.004671117 0.933046587

0.000228179 0.000147085 9.98142E-05 7.9395E-05 9.51274E-08 0.0001563871.809724486 2.737323206 0.642382999 1.300555773 0.007607365 2.4277267280.290460076 0.805797795 0.283681752 0.713821523 0.002747869 1.1001812620.048043071 0.139058167 0.203140178 0.078388189 0.000154304 0.1131778343.945733913 1.345057703 5.317277283 38.28916678 0.026287954 91.012091430.060879294 0.178639971 0.330923109 0.089139095 0.000211412 1.6841446460.146310725 0.42932407 0.795304996 0.214227279 0.000508084 4.04749209323.03967308 1.353015259 6.061702211 20.57817683 0.007506926 22.474236491.14748E-05 1.91785E-06 1.19953E-06 4.45214E-06 6.72686E-07 9.42817E-062.59674E-05 3.87774E-06 2.22761E-06 9.91919E-06 6.15902E-09 2.12079E-055.33287E-12 5.50685E-12 3.12544E-12 9.21532E-12 -1.29688E-14 5.44248E-120.006326128 0.015675101 0.005482698 0.008879334 4.63276E-05 0.0228831910.022678239 0.056192934 0.019654668 0.031831106 0.000166078 0.0820328750.001986085 0.005606118 0.003846724 0.001864604 1.00281E-05 0.005431790.006220672 0.017559078 0.012048432 0.005840177 3.14093E-05 0.0170130610.001728684 0.005323668 0.007034043 0.0026174 5.37252E-06 0.003639551-4.10226E-14 -1.1452E-13 -1.18921E-13 -9.69889E-14 -7.39979E-15 -1.39975E-131.141934515 2.153346903 0.48330407 6.503318912 0.011301991 6.3484649220.027387585 0.009209063 0.033743038 0.282616044 0.000102597 0.7903668420.000818647 0.001432135 0.018340052 0.002367642 7.09509E-06 0.1738845840.000586313 0.001028004 0.013081336 0.001690076 5.08418E-06 0.124044350.053952476 0.094468754 1.207747383 0.155950733 0.000467815 11.452059810.123220996 0.215755363 2.758350849 0.356172888 0.001068433 26.155137490.120783278 0.211487058 2.703782956 0.349126713 0.001047296 25.637716010.079694442 0.139541956 1.783990759 0.230358357 0.00069102 16.916094320.00164768 0.000859305 0.002539894 0.005588204 5.96587E-06 1.784012255

5.130416415 0.319834817 1.726295141 9.543177481 0.002455004 2.980431610.052793287 0.006084217 0.003899852 0.017396708 9.00815E-06 0.0407199880.00145742 0.005229379 0.044944723 0.003883136 1.87591E-05 0.006782912

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit117 Sulfur, in ground Raw µg118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw g119 Talc, in ground Raw µg120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.393379027 0.308606244 0.380594672 2.558741544 0.008688028 4.156859763.61854E-06 1.07428E-06 1.99279E-06 9.26192E-07 1.36643E-08 1.14554E-050.134307147 0.286837768 0.113651126 4.473054617 0.102944506 0.9950183440.000614453 0.001052958 0.014472056 0.001853146 5.32241E-06 0.1371444890.087948471 0.154203171 1.962233105 0.253515636 0.00076264 18.606962580.088362878 0.308841506 0.717263977 1.193963594 0.000783702 6.0408473150.106630933 0.109977805 0.062512453 0.137553892 8.23694E-05 0.1090183990.016848393 0.050099454 1.198025585 0.084380371 0.000412006 0.8286010460.000413033 0.001044523 0.00024153 0.002322127 4.91595E-06 0.001654022.33133E-06 3.35089E-05 2.01265E-05 1.03611E-05 1.50865E-08 8.85372E-061.76651E-05 0.000185744 6.18517E-05 0.000688334 9.44617E-07 0.0002428390.004251165 0.006387241 0.00323564 0.074238834 7.98384E-06 0.007971330.001487577 0.002256548 0.000526528 0.006949 4.15816E-06 0.0086788314.21447E-05 2.77862E-05 5.34277E-06 3.70858E-05 8.21129E-05 0.000156964.80935E-06 6.14599E-06 1.30064E-05 0.000787812 7.55523E-08 2.01646E-052.546621952 0.192559686 0.184888408 0.094956933 0.00023839 0.1513044170.060601955 0.170455937 0.021277709 0.497973746 0.001694422 0.4859034790.002963216 0.000140127 0.000299777 0.000199474 2.34135E-07 0.0001555290.049526292 0.001791495 0.00022479 0.00063874 5.93017E-06 0.0028409460.000334078 2.34854E-06 2.20409E-07 1.74142E-06 7.75755E-09 4.54689E-069.27066E-06 1.384E-06 7.88754E-07 3.54053E-06 2.19646E-09 7.50965E-061.58146E-05 2.36094E-06 1.34552E-06 6.03972E-06 3.7469E-09 1.28106E-050.03448354 0.0609188 0.018358069 0.137981949 0.000396798 0.040799086

0.060367475 0.019663354 0.00676682 0.134312952 0.000163362 0.0366397421.90252E-05 0.000273464 0.000164231 8.45544E-05 1.23114E-07 7.20609E-052.586722632 0.064491916 0.044865657 0.031051799 9.56916E-05 0.0625836760.007316572 0.012903565 0.004318877 0.084826156 0.000107271 0.0229961580.002963216 0.000140127 0.000299777 0.000199474 2.34135E-07 0.0001555290.181953017 0.884923721 0.314319014 4.267350229 0.003773104 0.2821957320.546012191 0.016702788 0.001292301 0.011258952 6.22402E-05 0.0290320132.33323E-06 3.35362E-05 2.01429E-05 1.03696E-05 1.50988E-08 8.86116E-064.4354E-05 0.000287456 8.97276E-05 0.001913189 2.00842E-06 0.000512734

0.007540429 0.022615328 0.003114612 0.075044043 4.07421E-05 0.0380685432.586034159 0.064455635 0.044810843 0.030981184 9.56224E-05 0.0622590960.004251165 0.006387241 0.00323564 0.074238834 7.98384E-06 0.007971330.001487583 0.002256596 0.000526544 0.006949141 4.15818E-06 0.0086788954.21447E-05 2.77862E-05 5.34277E-06 3.70858E-05 8.21129E-05 0.000156964.80935E-06 6.14599E-06 1.30064E-05 0.000787812 7.55523E-08 2.01646E-050.03492485 0.056747255 0.020291505 0.198650014 0.000441247 0.029177804

0.000348219 0.000913382 0.001647878 0.085898644 2.85316E-06 0.0076034450.002963216 0.000140127 0.000299777 0.000199474 2.34135E-07 0.0001555290.057970483 0.167652084 0.019192853 0.406003634 0.001674252 0.4732266950.002963216 0.000140127 0.000299777 0.000199474 2.34135E-07 0.0001555290.125714918 0.008965683 0.009320477 0.004085628 1.11465E-05 0.0078883230.062877205 0.015324623 0.002441034 0.018705519 0.002146001 0.0236058020.000688473 3.62807E-05 5.48147E-05 7.06145E-05 6.91473E-08 0.000324580.004619384 0.006401058 0.002652925 1.82503451 3.01658E-05 0.0724761130.001984389 0.006755987 0.002643591 1.81707012 3.01654E-05 0.0228847781.996399191 0.794552273 0.413151392 0.523911328 0.001466224 0.2325274390.04902041 0.000407481 4.28764E-05 0.000305192 1.3423E-06 0.000829316

0.001693273 7.54391E-05 0.000172156 9.94644E-05 1.31397E-07 7.53179E-050.000334078 2.34854E-06 2.20409E-07 1.74142E-06 7.75755E-09 4.54689E-060.005785696 0.008677721 0.003780517 0.082012732 9.43304E-05 0.0168272850.000134862 0.036107932 8.6952E-05 0.00051539 6.70882E-07 0.0008582660.000148237 0.039688883 9.55754E-05 0.000566503 7.38111E-07 0.0009433830.000600169 0.001792166 0.00278165 0.005654098 1.6662E-05 0.0049571780.006938646 0.010337927 0.012000746 0.055359234 3.91382E-05 0.0133820260.001026726 0.002173646 0.001061348 0.016706091 9.87684E-06 0.009811308

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2178 Ulexite, in ground Raw µg179 Uranium, in ground Raw µg180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw µg181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw l*day184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in186 Water, lake Raw cm3187 Water, river Raw cm3188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw dm3191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg199 1-Propanol Air pg200 1,4-Butanediol Air pg201 2-Propanol Air µg202 Acenaphthene Air ng203 Acetaldehyde Air µg204 Acetic acid Air µg205 Acetone Air µg206 Acetonitrile Air µg207 Acrolein Air µg208 Acrylic acid Air ng209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air mBq210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air µBq211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air µg212 Aluminum Air mg213 Ammonia Air mg214 Ammonium carbonate Air µg215 Antimony Air µg216 Antimony-124 Air nBq217 Antimony-125 Air nBq218 Argon-41 Air mBq219 Arsenic Air µg220 Arsine Air pg221 Barium Air µg222 Barium-140 Air µBq223 Benzal chloride Air pg224 Benzaldehyde Air ng225 Benzene Air mg226 Benzene, ethyl- Air µg227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ng228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air µg230 Beryllium Air ng231 Boron Air µg232 Boron trifluoride Air pg

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

4.54518E-06 2.92983E-06 1.98823E-06 1.5815E-06 1.89488E-09 3.11512E-060.034481159 0.138894162 0.051811774 0.090732918 0.000291061 0.0279730530.003418495 0.009470435 0.002740759 0.007808322 3.13769E-05 0.013178260.092604966 0.203648401 0.01766952 0.039349379 0.000750483 0.4130015334.529314792 12.07028093 1.164338033 3.200266084 0.040807244 18.450652480.010405805 0.025483272 0.010210741 0.086391483 2.230136207 0.0331715950.009306432 0.024896284 0.002351391 0.006425267 8.40486E-05 0.0379081730.002346624 0.006212759 0.000552937 0.001566087 2.12042E-05 0.0095918878.345962552 6.002074602 0.852808373 2.43058805 0.01827866 8.0508132450.267610254 0.033151289 0.025163453 0.136967167 0.000108676 0.1198601190.684843429 1.469782027 0.161641764 0.509147829 0.005634518 7.4943703560.01092685 0.026278827 0.010573826 0.088377197 2.341308401 0.034852797

2.155746155 5.504660034 0.626457679 2.556888267 5.87162761 8.5308000298.102315703 0.838207419 0.097105956 0.235915313 0.002827066 1.3393155520.056001701 0.107533354 0.128225804 0.046003186 0.000107976 0.0709123392.681899916 7.084833468 0.88449523 4.583040725 0.021846382 10.38743630.171221206 0.269057057 0.123002421 0.377444456 0.000640171 0.8715452580.615860494 1.248076344 0.189903962 1.086706513 4.686873553 2.0803378543.467800921 6.657410852 0.579490651 6.325382962 0.273331133 11.221042980.030681138 0.001450878 0.003103895 0.002065351 2.42423E-06 0.0016103470.00784035 0.017583692 0.001396067 0.030847098 5.13926E-05 0.041414932

5.95702E-05 2.41683E-05 3.94504E-05 0.000883414 3.02873E-06 0.0001854590.012252332 0.072143174 0.114719447 7.883450284 0.00085212 0.610939840.000681757 0.001046113 0.019879612 0.002466751 5.87651E-06 0.187974328.630128685 21.24287836 1.357365487 4.337788745 0.076281413 34.779929580.180556614 0.291277174 4.819947456 0.605493453 0.001559804 45.614668770.002996866 0.00450841 0.090204906 0.011146079 2.58106E-05 0.8526973980.000879571 0.001890866 9.70674E-05 0.000483299 6.96618E-06 0.0032218550.485518809 0.779556292 5.189713906 0.596748117 0.001659828 0.74290872652.16740577 1.168960039 0.356070803 6.034698712 0.003855156 2.4779895280.113057895 0.238839914 0.127979725 0.078725372 0.000880062 1.5547618970.003221608 0.000152346 0.000325918 0.000216868 2.54552E-07 0.0001690910.000135267 0.000253776 7.90561E-05 0.000192289 6.64837E-07 0.0002452160.007787628 0.011748665 0.233368457 0.028852678 6.7079E-05 2.2060953287.86338E-05 0.000207601 3.12853E-05 0.000357315 7.11956E-07 0.0003624551.968020046 5.06052639 0.378520464 1.210453311 0.017756769 8.0982956850.007956296 0.011834202 0.00357141 0.00518771 3.89176E-05 0.0202755380.02131878 0.045975987 0.008210558 0.142983435 0.000106785 0.075690128

0.012564825 0.029273818 0.010034943 1.149253217 7.18962E-05 0.0800447140.000747786 0.000101136 6.24902E-05 0.000399687 1.2795E-06 0.0006020930.009984547 0.0143098 0.005541309 0.008817242 4.94827E-05 0.0843457010.00962599 0.060622365 0.020043982 0.03143042 0.000107143 0.036401295

0.100455294 0.632645315 0.209175794 0.32800284 0.001118123 0.3798780951.064574399 2.569059145 0.151440999 0.510669473 0.009312345 4.2552792110.081492186 0.125108622 0.03886644 0.23377573 0.000361502 0.612046635

9.0775E-05 0.000136946 0.002720218 0.000336316 7.81895E-07 0.0257149610.047199405 0.112558432 0.007867515 0.078917039 0.000383408 0.2040167840.006534467 0.041152636 0.013606574 0.021336097 7.27322E-05 0.0247105054.38669E-06 1.2964E-05 2.97147E-05 0.001274498 1.42301E-07 0.000119270.047002974 0.074163884 0.036522145 0.060683386 0.000136817 0.028832180.138866209 0.011830247 0.001701864 0.004624215 1.32504E-05 0.0069892580.063731627 0.190508653 0.272091229 0.147355548 0.000228129 0.1351178660.577723915 0.714636628 0.20871381 2.033205517 0.002117017 0.616185630.003803035 0.003112612 0.003150797 0.19136908 0.000154446 0.0255381560.010550995 0.017775691 0.00262426 0.019063948 5.07934E-05 0.0269942270.168020303 0.49072935 0.104909699 1.661468616 0.002121549 0.9139975272.836963017 6.957846803 0.338360068 1.622699922 0.025612538 11.928792496.77472E-07 1.02206E-06 2.03015E-05 2.50999E-06 5.83543E-09 0.000191916

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit233 Bromine Air µg234 Butadiene Air pg235 Butane Air mg236 Butanol Air pg237 Butene Air µg238 Butyrolactone Air pg239 Cadmium Air µg240 Calcium Air µg241 Carbon-14 Air mBq242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg245 Carbon disulfide Air µg246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg248 Cerium-141 Air nBq249 Cesium-134 Air nBq250 Cesium-137 Air nBq251 Chlorine Air mg252 Chloroform Air ng253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air pg254 Chromium Air µg255 Chromium-51 Air nBq256 Chromium VI Air µg257 Cobalt Air µg258 Cobalt-58 Air nBq259 Cobalt-60 Air nBq260 Copper Air µg261 Cumene Air µg262 Cyanide Air µg263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg265 Ethane Air mg266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air ng268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air µg271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air µg272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air µg273 Ethanol Air µg274 Ethene Air µg275 Ethene, chloro- Air µg276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng277 Ethyl acetate Air µg278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng279 Ethylene diamine Air pg280 Ethylene oxide Air ng281 Ethyne Air µg282 Fluorine Air µg283 Fluosilicic acid Air µg284 Formaldehyde Air mg285 Formic acid Air µg286 Furan Air µg287 Heat, waste Air MJ288 Helium Air µg289 Heptane Air mg290 Hexane Air g

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.313534023 0.766602471 0.03684439 0.366029066 0.00283149 1.3162480050.129639782 0.240571789 2.684758135 0.357614964 0.001067245 25.199627350.328828072 0.011432737 0.012051458 0.005525114 1.94224E-05 0.0114606370.000559725 0.000902959 0.014941837 0.00187703 4.83541E-06 0.1414054730.060577689 0.18465761 0.271303611 0.089122284 0.000202546 0.1260585450.052250044 0.084290492 1.394806915 0.175218986 0.000451351 13.200072220.027839586 0.04010202 0.01983046 0.038490505 0.000113421 0.2172747980.62651487 1.236372497 0.133443144 0.982852485 0.004295432 2.3093658348.01609242 21.80868019 2.147212733 5.708268504 0.073032446 32.860164880.01153993 0.023138222 0.001691335 0.054433713 0.000292193 0.049817186

21.88882207 1.21702851 0.64606158 0.839510022 0.003401496 1.612046650.071023106 0.05540303 0.00757831 0.01302455 0.000200633 0.096583251.875834361 9.398658166 1.134328722 50.3252579 0.007757738 14.455165920.011881445 0.122554477 0.040466725 0.382525611 0.009111148 0.1589691525.365027797 3.492168396 1.817549482 6.573429601 0.004664215 2.523890551.584102737 9.976329989 3.298541372 5.172352517 0.017631938 5.9903853630.075868334 0.477802056 0.157978921 0.247722425 0.000844456 0.2869009391.344898922 8.469877116 2.80045268 4.391313244 0.014969467 5.085820930.000905998 0.000253558 0.000293785 0.003683874 1.18346E-06 1.8400340220.100427352 0.274341213 0.230972872 0.19734676 0.00710378 2.2380762150.139903537 0.2110629 4.192429924 0.518334093 0.001205065 39.63217730.399795532 1.347094651 0.127146033 6.385938673 0.001927487 4.631506650.101509022 0.639281455 0.211369946 0.33144343 0.001129851 0.3838628310.00858487 0.032388739 0.002290463 0.152602391 4.80896E-05 0.115547857

0.030095443 0.078385206 0.011901634 0.181437467 0.000175004 0.1626074720.141355508 0.890225848 0.294341385 0.461548674 0.001573365 0.5345448571.248744393 7.86431708 2.600232275 4.077353105 0.013899214 4.7222064560.347414461 1.0999236 0.68027768 0.955652301 0.001341563 2.5129645670.099581011 0.047543062 0.08472317 1.411806646 9.27157E-05 0.0917463590.019437469 0.02494836 0.008755287 0.150986601 0.000234715 0.1039489617.90044E-05 3.31919E-05 2.14469E-05 1.39747E-05 8.83911E-08 4.55707E-050.57155234 0.716949979 0.225846715 2.800989234 0.004349765 0.8239165741.72295222 0.020623761 0.005038907 0.013185129 0.000396174 0.0349785210.2466599 0.607153902 0.038800422 0.123986301 0.002180206 0.994044671

0.000759025 0.002003988 0.000302186 0.003453074 6.87243E-06 0.0034992060.19865449 0.512001956 0.074555492 0.141076716 0.003214477 1.015162851

0.000369598 0.000557587 0.011075577 0.001369337 3.18354E-06 0.1047004380.019574038 0.016054665 0.006008769 0.010324714 5.06368E-05 0.0524436780.003385559 0.008929403 0.000923085 0.002439502 2.95915E-05 0.0132983430.003109829 0.036096437 0.012871683 0.110804445 1.3331E-05 0.0524806470.141491987 0.338848965 0.0271562 0.104005964 0.001233408 0.8267890791.320197059 1.850851858 1.048846431 5.824019958 0.113942637 2.201554010.011339713 0.010386751 0.002131601 0.005641384 9.18747E-05 0.0362624350.001840326 0.004820571 0.000720146 0.007684889 1.66302E-05 0.0086969590.014706576 0.022896264 0.418511181 0.052102695 0.000126844 3.9581932090.028244677 0.042584131 0.847231339 0.104734518 0.00024328 8.0090364960.144911365 0.390208872 2.26924639 2.193518142 0.001944862 0.6036259572.34655732 0.67274151 1.254026631 3.037406842 0.002815948 3.566637656

0.053851311 0.079557585 0.019423123 0.314645443 0.000124713 0.1692187380.016658689 0.060817526 0.00612251 0.247774178 7.37657E-05 0.0968104930.003597741 0.042125318 0.014150559 0.12938883 1.52614E-05 0.0528748330.034767922 0.002778057 0.009686529 0.009249418 5.72242E-06 0.003991730.02156474 0.001045154 0.002704168 0.001515279 1.85256E-06 0.006087165

0.006118448 0.000289335 0.00061898 0.000411874 4.83444E-07 0.0003211370.421933539 0.022094527 0.009750911 0.01183984 6.15891E-05 0.0301418680.29541052 0.386611917 1.114750926 0.292268349 0.000587352 0.295458129

0.000605748 0.001846006 0.002711543 0.000890922 2.00726E-06 0.0012456532.35715E-06 6.02851E-06 5.91878E-06 2.36333E-06 1.17977E-08 6.12178E-06

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air mg292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air µg294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air mg295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air µg296 Hydrogen Air µg297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng301 Hydrogen sulfide Air mg302 Iodine Air µg303 Iodine-129 Air µBq304 Iodine-131 Air mBq305 Iodine-133 Air mBq306 Iodine-135 Air mBq307 Iron Air µg308 Isocyanic acid Air ng309 Isoprene Air ng310 Krypton-85 Air mBq311 Krypton-85m Air mBq312 Krypton-87 Air mBq313 Krypton-88 Air mBq314 Krypton-89 Air mBq315 Lanthanum-140 Air nBq316 Lead Air µg317 Lead-210 Air mBq318 m-Xylene Air µg319 Magnesium Air µg320 Manganese Air µg321 Manganese-54 Air nBq322 Mercury Air µg323 Methane, biogenic Air mg324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air µg326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air µg327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air µg328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air µg329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg331 Methane, fossil Air mg332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air µg333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air µg334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air µg335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng337 Methanol Air mg338 Methyl acrylate Air ng339 Methyl amine Air pg340 Methyl borate Air pg341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air µg342 Methyl formate Air pg343 Molybdenum Air µg344 Monoethanolamine Air µg345 Nickel Air µg346 Niobium-95 Air nBq347 Nitrate Air ng348 Nitrogen oxides Air g

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

2.70377E-06 1.1344E-06 1.39239E-06 6.08969E-05 7.00338E-09 1.68083E-060.110504995 0.012541537 0.00398407 0.026463097 2.45463E-05 0.0133010760.770427476 1.691144697 0.105129055 0.730026687 0.006082174 2.9384098810.055874862 0.00321394 0.001095595 0.008360646 1.09208E-05 0.0035361060.003069508 0.018400073 0.008180169 1.662716484 4.92842E-05 0.0486038385.253505892 1.337442821 0.691510814 3.122746023 0.009121911 247.93146330.046508624 0.121139771 0.00982019 0.029513064 0.000419986 0.1907979760.022495427 0.053600581 0.00512277 0.526239641 0.0001819 0.0978339810.004753388 0.011401832 0.001042602 0.009264134 3.80779E-05 0.0193261230.021414294 0.032758814 0.627556118 0.077817835 0.00018456 5.9336659850.257485447 0.003414945 0.000756182 0.006598363 8.6384E-06 0.0049056870.165500078 0.406637089 0.018997952 0.088941069 0.001502965 0.6975812198.119144496 21.35140719 1.799912366 5.254098653 0.073560048 33.351007390.421385468 1.012038262 0.057517006 0.198651146 0.003683079 1.6846178531.74891E-05 7.47088E-05 1.93971E-05 3.33605E-05 1.71615E-07 7.20724E-052.09862E-05 5.53142E-05 6.78409E-06 1.70242E-05 1.83599E-07 9.22362E-050.709933601 1.113904806 0.272094417 3.931683857 0.001380148 2.097684633.663786768 123.2961719 0.86412937 3.717012712 0.030991446 15.921392990.283920534 0.013426297 0.02872317 0.019112782 2.24337E-05 0.0149020283.332237785 8.05966628 0.48312767 1.611519057 0.029159866 13.318491980.147526306 0.720441903 0.202988636 0.332084843 0.00151405 0.5694604380.061467479 0.22882266 0.048941203 0.087200298 0.000587063 0.24122840.059370439 0.250080548 0.061786878 0.105066396 0.000584865 0.2313854490.014411089 0.080448877 0.024859374 0.039662353 0.000154079 0.0550686230.558475237 3.517154024 1.162900391 1.823512291 0.006216138 2.1119096880.485657009 0.687861813 0.261885797 2.492063965 0.001695055 2.1179919230.043374516 0.109984312 0.006607396 0.039320667 0.000389844 0.1897796760.01079814 0.021362448 0.001152443 0.007840743 8.02827E-05 0.03672223

0.271362714 0.523862284 0.09575976 1.709134925 0.000966583 1.2525875630.122374592 0.219763636 0.039626548 0.506281684 0.000456427 0.4468802160.051983858 0.32738289 0.108244816 0.169735735 0.000578609 0.1965802730.125122842 0.140703741 0.031044252 0.276840343 0.000457231 0.7134058430.015442729 0.017458539 0.001416813 0.005912218 0.001983493 0.0369847731.00345E-06 2.96548E-06 6.79717E-06 0.000291539 3.25511E-08 2.72828E-050.537686057 0.00395945 0.000382558 0.002840019 1.30814E-05 0.0075962020.001757393 0.004922904 0.008873224 0.002663551 5.80089E-06 0.0034161131.845513976 0.018793775 0.001940976 0.022282403 8.51405E-05 0.0382715482.03476E-05 4.27408E-05 1.24112E-05 8.96974E-05 4.85028E-07 0.0001317391.835553996 0.02273327 0.030089441 0.015176922 0.000782469 0.3043602360.005803546 0.011989884 0.072732306 0.01078498 0.004292144 0.69602114554.93217181 1.854204421 0.951741569 2.09662276 0.00574519 3.2207754922.02695E-05 5.34793E-05 8.18774E-06 9.15603E-05 1.86439E-07 9.49193E-050.001355585 0.000465377 0.000438684 0.004414832 4.24798E-06 2.1211269480.027717215 0.324418705 0.108968865 0.996369555 0.000117633 0.4072156140.009421746 0.019464936 0.118077013 0.017508839 0.006968066 1.1299531340.001846583 0.003814963 0.023142098 0.003431585 0.001365682 0.2214612730.000531723 0.000502074 0.000225117 0.003271213 1.56848E-06 0.0012285850.008835776 0.013329932 0.264777991 0.032736019 7.61073E-05 2.5030181780.018834362 0.030383851 0.502780303 0.063160469 0.000162696 4.7581756422.98278E-06 4.49992E-06 8.93838E-05 1.1051E-05 2.56923E-08 0.0008449690.014706556 0.022896233 0.418510585 0.052102621 0.000126843 3.9581875730.034118586 0.051327297 1.026963457 0.126895709 0.000293848 9.7077766680.006335402 0.015812874 0.003576215 0.006468246 5.09208E-05 0.0386802740.001650812 0.003661516 0.013119973 0.230409669 1.10654E-05 0.1203375580.357073829 0.664068027 0.217018228 0.726843818 0.001882101 2.2799113220.006170937 0.0388632 0.012849602 0.02014911 6.86859E-05 0.023335790.948705011 2.02482355 0.360162971 6.225215712 0.004758147 3.2836246830.014411391 0.00614056 0.005635157 0.002706459 7.07101E-06 0.003186546

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq351 Ozone Air µg352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air µg353 Paraffins Air pg354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg357 Pentane Air mg358 Phenol Air µg359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng360 Phosphine Air pg361 Phosphorus Air µg362 Platinum Air pg363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq365 Polonium-210 Air mBq366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng367 Potassium Air µg368 Potassium-40 Air mBq369 Propanal Air ng370 Propane Air mg371 Propene Air µg372 Propionic acid Air µg373 Propylene oxide Air µg374 Protactinium-234 Air µBq375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq376 Radium-226 Air mBq377 Radium-228 Air mBq378 Radon-220 Air mBq379 Radon-222 Air Bq380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq381 Scandium Air ng382 Selenium Air µg383 Silicon Air mg384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air µg385 Silver Air ng386 Silver-110 Air nBq387 Sodium Air µg388 Sodium chlorate Air ng389 Sodium dichromate Air ng390 Sodium formate Air ng391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng392 Strontium Air µg393 Styrene Air µg

394 Sulfate Air mg395 Sulfur dioxide Air mg396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air µg397 Sulfuric acid Air ng398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng399 Terpenes Air µg400 Thallium Air ng401 Thorium Air ng402 Thorium-228 Air mBq403 Thorium-230 Air mBq404 Thorium-232 Air mBq405 Thorium-234 Air µBq

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

5.527917596 0.707686089 0.823741292 0.545934843 0.000758552 0.42054707578.02233413 205.1764811 17.2950208 50.48937321 0.706883786 320.49198153.415338818 7.210590612 0.568409223 1.970615009 0.101115809 11.455389653.515641275 0.206562873 0.083240766 0.550157063 0.000326348 0.2614801970.149316995 0.343602428 0.174753354 54.48438481 0.000407861 1.2954331350.36443383 0.410049407 0.225585768 0.596773342 0.001006355 0.505601883

0.500928572 1.824271445 0.204244942 1.604745708 0.002789526 1.1863048820.209641871 1.649032036 0.130286736 1.235203494 0.000899547 0.3799626380.415494871 0.014454025 0.015211408 0.153533248 3.00854E-05 0.0154340620.008279633 0.018035182 0.017525282 2.623002967 2.93347E-05 0.1007699442.250593127 5.435811204 0.292887085 1.065939671 0.019910953 9.116554240.006731515 0.010155377 0.201720448 0.024939852 5.79822E-05 1.9069181070.033254659 0.063021816 0.004822868 0.051799737 0.000219755 0.1168343940.114574883 0.285563871 0.020903675 0.061200034 0.00100726 0.4573107090.001107583 0.002912678 0.000245537 0.000716744 1.00348E-05 0.0045496170.002538993 0.006676943 0.000562863 0.001643045 2.30035E-05 0.0104294190.076389212 0.193660013 0.011373294 0.069846319 0.000687678 0.3355427910.97463697 1.195124019 0.368761959 3.36915282 0.003034098 1.036813204

2.187016973 4.319491732 0.255938387 2.098222784 0.015912758 7.5424940840.009801841 0.024472861 0.001315955 0.009711959 8.73118E-05 0.0433251640.051438773 0.08508251 0.037219833 0.062913655 0.000176025 0.0467087680.586762843 0.014116508 0.012319218 0.008152936 2.8481E-05 0.016515610.298992497 0.587267624 0.693347994 1.18158724 0.000927054 0.6468912156.860325027 0.043732624 0.003881664 0.026634459 0.000144371 0.0859173550.001033601 0.003926003 0.098496352 0.006080103 7.09696E-06 0.0237427851.109601122 2.967087571 0.281166381 0.785996976 0.01001539 4.5202104080.022542789 0.080829114 0.69368252 0.05995625 0.000289957 0.1048831040.04703124 0.123348268 0.010708042 0.034839849 0.000421037 0.193760479

0.005394557 0.014056319 0.001079475 0.022148941 3.964E-05 0.0321039610.452755409 1.074314294 0.055649232 0.252441479 0.00393228 1.821122002146.6762627 392.1368714 37.07248827 101.4530467 1.323559003 597.02789260.001355795 0.0085385 0.002823142 0.004426891 1.50907E-05 0.0051270260.119527544 0.20115935 0.047540995 0.711608136 0.000313418 0.42147980.032144639 0.070522467 0.011275234 0.024967698 0.000244299 0.1724072350.001080451 0.00206896 0.000482309 0.007481103 3.11325E-06 0.0049960580.00019632 2.93082E-05 1.6703E-05 7.49758E-05 4.65132E-08 0.000159028

0.039741265 0.097712072 0.006301978 0.030519071 0.000351459 0.1601237610.013436969 0.08462307 0.027979497 0.043873884 0.000149561 0.0508127540.297704401 0.632527719 0.19521696 0.679619242 0.002017285 1.6718247232.179700048 0.513236326 0.191602655 0.658246746 0.001289545 2.0190809834.124425238 0.510315255 0.2948023 1.086754524 0.031124465 3.4301851890.009096703 0.018796075 0.010555758 1.28320455 3.7396E-05 0.2399959370.078827981 0.119613964 2.340571534 0.289728895 0.000679152 22.127903510.047872355 0.11593329 0.008193879 0.096465365 0.000382759 0.2179882860.000543376 0.001955349 0.00102018 0.462240344 1.27726E-05 0.005631859

0.007055512 0.004093308 0.001757387 0.005532278 0.000162751 0.8214726468.647873968 3.15111017 0.725409169 1.857176023 0.010185122 5.8306684720.049775471 0.069911698 0.006345574 0.018272324 0.000377304 0.1707964630.017083747 0.02647845 0.489876658 0.060923976 0.000147318 4.6328188160.158703952 0.411746448 0.614228447 2.842983504 0.00198711 1.2637218780.002684674 0.000126955 0.000271598 0.000180723 2.12126E-07 0.0001409090.209372877 0.78413604 0.175011889 2.311446219 0.007158546 0.6471048130.137777209 0.252308846 0.053831794 0.909832011 0.000382865 0.5889303130.002063254 0.005211382 0.000290476 0.002793588 1.81451E-05 0.0095689150.004457734 0.011013273 0.001068589 0.002990873 3.70718E-05 0.0169800520.003096854 0.007770818 0.000405063 0.002790483 2.79281E-05 0.0136809251.109820428 2.967653955 0.281221029 0.786150113 0.010017293 4.521069841

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit406 Tin Air µg407 Titanium Air µg408 Toluene Air µg409 Uranium Air ng410 Uranium-234 Air mBq411 Uranium-235 Air µBq412 Uranium-238 Air mBq413 Uranium alpha Air mBq414 Vanadium Air µg415 water Air mg416 Xenon-131m Air mBq417 Xenon-133 Air Bq418 Xenon-133m Air mBq419 Xenon-135 Air Bq420 Xenon-135m Air mBq421 Xenon-137 Air mBq422 Xenon-138 Air mBq423 Xylene Air µg424 Zinc Air µg425 Zinc-65 Air nBq426 Zirconium Air ng427 Zirconium-95 Air nBq428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water ng430 Acenaphthene Water ng431 Acenaphthylene Water pg432 Acetaldehyde Water ng433 Acetic acid Water µg434 Acetone Water ng435 Acidity, unspecified Water µg436 Acrylate, ion Water ng437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq438 Aluminum Water mg439 Ammonium, ion Water mg440 Antimony Water µg441 Antimony-122 Water µBq442 Antimony-124 Water µBq443 Antimony-125 Water µBq444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water µg445 Arsenic, ion Water µg446 Barite Water mg447 Barium Water mg448 Barium-140 Water µBq449 Benzene Water µg450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng451 Benzene, chloro- Water µg452 Benzene, ethyl- Water µg453 Beryllium Water µg454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg455 Boron Water µg456 Bromate Water µg457 Bromine Water mg458 Butanol Water ng459 Butene Water ng460 Butyl acetate Water ng461 Butyrolactone Water pg462 Cadmium, ion Water µg463 Calcium, ion Water g

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.015424684 0.029718092 0.007795813 0.171210057 5.30656E-05 0.1089074060.02580661 0.048568687 0.024918328 0.184854016 7.9423E-05 0.117491354

69.15109164 5.099998779 1.944679695 1.48361938 0.004187497 2.2939277260.11467329 0.253271807 0.042802587 0.946943506 0.000364323 0.708628043

0.013259224 0.034549695 0.003294013 0.009097528 0.000116514 0.0528170340.626080435 1.674238118 0.158255271 0.433145141 0.005651 2.5490350690.02086967 0.053707085 0.004285774 0.016357411 0.000185194 0.086762841

0.060305461 0.161292865 0.015245783 0.041721212 0.00054441 0.2455682330.448261728 1.079837535 0.223598986 0.433820326 0.003648276 3.936376870.031737229 0.0686813 0.012395216 0.212453107 0.000161083 0.1130303450.280529458 1.100327402 0.251334193 0.438134063 0.002713638 1.0978258190.008851698 0.036920326 0.009029756 0.015403007 8.69752E-05 0.0345181290.039776334 0.110092898 0.012701995 0.029193615 0.000356595 0.1582097770.003634824 0.014991288 0.00362328 0.006203471 3.56111E-05 0.0141837862.134280843 9.078272346 2.265217502 3.840258174 0.021079164 8.3130724060.03951465 0.220374511 0.068056966 0.108599761 0.000422348 0.151007868

0.354838435 1.786622098 0.515095977 0.837309159 0.003674667 1.3667131142.144502952 8.258122167 2.359898723 1.709141378 0.017285788 8.2394065581.053399301 2.194630786 0.911496205 18.54087003 0.005528551 4.3144549070.259568051 1.634702406 0.540492698 0.847531814 0.002889136 0.981573121.029527494 1.237846192 0.432333093 3.960747511 0.002178136 1.1314676680.253717916 1.597859542 0.528311093 0.828430173 0.00282402 0.9594504610.072223141 0.116511685 1.927992915 0.242199102 0.000623926 18.245999482.60339E-05 7.69379E-05 0.000176349 0.007563831 8.44521E-07 0.0007078370.021777719 0.054088811 0.068441349 0.023852408 5.53558E-05 0.035847071.361982711 3.382724651 4.280335164 1.491734148 0.003461962 2.2418826820.09715153 0.150999078 2.772611638 0.345041888 0.000837867 26.22208183

0.021906147 0.013895151 0.02130302 0.634423201 3.17768E-05 0.0706958176.20508E-05 0.000183378 0.000420321 0.018028079 2.01288E-06 0.0016871010.058813341 0.004227916 0.011452865 0.088700595 5.41737E-05 0.0332383890.018431376 0.027806165 0.552325204 0.068287122 0.000158759 5.2212800220.013187743 0.034680609 0.002923557 0.008534114 0.000119482 0.0541712890.456246633 0.956404723 0.081836696 0.941429072 0.040297104 1.753480590.002475734 0.00320429 0.001473991 0.003271398 7.46756E-06 0.0788231040.175755342 0.290141943 0.0824042 0.739573511 0.001415418 1.8613863290.003880837 0.024440657 0.008080979 0.012671563 4.31959E-05 0.0146756322.153908166 6.137285256 0.73601719 1.787865518 0.019643329 8.7414817281.992876431 5.611561763 0.682901519 1.710822214 0.017871897 7.96929680.010328505 0.019520751 0.019377009 0.011393941 7.97578E-05 0.1011047470.557384308 0.991973085 0.12971171 1.186047114 0.00889507 1.7570851381.611298207 0.040160819 0.027920602 0.019303661 5.95801E-05 0.0387922060.008962749 0.020987927 0.010392085 0.008407048 5.89037E-05 0.029649870.017000127 0.107063054 0.035398981 0.055508173 0.000189221 0.0642870620.502075476 0.695356339 0.926559398 2.636496067 0.000818978 0.7036499050.024281476 0.039171212 0.648190245 0.081427206 0.00020975 6.1342956790.000501393 0.000808854 0.01338461 0.001681407 4.33117E-06 0.1266683010.084036725 0.208723625 0.264111473 0.092213887 0.000213632 0.1383470570.044984919 0.110708842 0.005514077 0.030489828 0.000415164 0.1909096761.591271946 1.993880012 1.783184597 1.310691486 0.002157381 1.5968999246.54130273 14.67250676 0.84644112 3.35027815 0.053850485 24.8490816

0.126517741 0.073809625 0.063299924 0.360115991 0.000413952 121.26347170.002784295 0.006848566 0.007944745 0.068949353 8.93901E-06 0.0068785360.053366032 0.083083948 1.518665792 0.189066738 0.00046028 14.363230280.06862155 0.139104052 0.363093334 0.07605339 0.004354916 3.572570424

0.069375087 0.108007931 1.974244023 0.245784084 0.000598357 18.671995850.125402446 0.202300925 3.347597643 0.420533265 0.001083261 31.68075080.071769943 0.105892166 0.018984639 0.174845576 0.001272164 0.1507846010.001361748 0.002928302 0.000597288 0.008769135 0.000309719 0.008066028

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit464 Carbonate Water µg465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg466 Cerium-141 Water µBq467 Cerium-144 Water µBq468 Cesium Water µg469 Cesium-134 Water µBq470 Cesium-136 Water nBq471 Cesium-137 Water mBq472 Chlorate Water mg473 Chloride Water g474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng475 Chlorine Water µg476 Chloroform Water ng477 Chromium-51 Water µBq478 Chromium VI Water mg479 Chromium, ion Water µg480 Cobalt Water µg481 Cobalt-57 Water µBq482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg485 Copper, ion Water µg486 Cumene Water µg487 Cyanide Water µg488 Dichromate Water ng489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water µg491 Ethanol Water ng492 Ethene Water µg493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng494 Ethyl acetate Water pg495 Ethylene diamine Water pg496 Ethylene oxide Water ng497 Fluoride Water mg498 Fluosilicic acid Water µg499 Formaldehyde Water mg500 Glutaraldehyde Water µg501 Heat, waste Water kJ502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water µg503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water µg504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water µg505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water mg506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ng508 Hydrogen sulfide Water µg509 Hydroxide Water µg510 Hypochlorite Water µg511 Iodide Water µg512 Iodine-131 Water µBq513 Iodine-133 Water µBq514 Iron-59 Water µBq515 Iron, ion Water mg516 Lanthanum-140 Water µBq517 Lead Water µg518 Lead-210 Water Bq519 Lithium, ion Water mg520 m-Xylene Water ng521 Magnesium Water mg

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.376551617 0.480069184 0.252383292 1.48611128 0.006646141 5.9492220650.034001268 0.037627437 0.045394188 0.016248581 3.81582E-05 0.0249655320.006796929 0.042805559 0.014153091 0.022193075 7.56536E-05 0.0257030180.002069207 0.013031412 0.004308664 0.006756298 2.30314E-05 0.0078248390.003501241 0.00869595 0.011003432 0.003834792 8.89965E-06 0.0057631951.850345295 4.699619357 0.379665221 1.23779296 0.016271283 7.4288006421.206322127 7.59715101 2.511897352 3.938837522 0.013427031 4.5617839631.517106841 3.996312414 0.33984774 0.98691153 0.013747887 6.2307593570.00109505 0.000604709 0.000496393 0.002796998 4.80687E-06 0.926163506

0.037787946 0.008074216 0.009181809 0.006008299 7.33942E-05 0.0303888191.112781862 0.518006906 0.399525887 1.510583784 0.007953346 266.36476940.03853951 0.101112997 0.014324856 0.067389369 1.141235878 0.158141214

0.001033206 0.001561962 0.030860471 0.003817249 1.31417E-05 0.2917408652.255987506 10.23280999 2.736308527 4.682943108 0.022462172 8.6919828020.011289351 0.013506411 0.003739076 0.036392231 3.29492E-05 0.012977080.104872684 0.103407834 0.052247621 0.173846096 0.000396672 0.1207386921.471081348 3.768902787 0.412895955 13.64518658 0.008950739 7.0793297920.038293215 0.241162231 0.079737097 0.125033561 0.000426225 0.1448082310.017017347 0.061998822 0.01279723 0.024165903 0.000161858 0.0674181610.013296101 0.050666369 0.01114796 0.020494072 0.000127581 0.0523981342.046138457 2.270561005 1.92594727 2.480510091 0.003136646 2.4387709072.160231476 2.486694778 0.731779222 6.071986908 0.016162628 5.6722933050.239291187 0.114243956 0.203588314 3.392548038 0.00022279 0.2204628420.194965101 0.531798793 0.16531885 2.39428353 0.000695482 1.22880301315.31985308 1.891901043 1.067910421 4.019915772 0.026844398 12.504097910.683065838 0.736739195 0.610947267 0.859794848 0.001051181 0.8220661090.001642956 0.001316499 0.000232387 0.000771451 4.31702E-06 0.0027743340.122791282 0.191168852 3.494370755 0.435032101 0.001059069 33.049040120.097481427 0.046955743 0.073007324 2.184579975 8.89259E-05 0.0540899960.15602844 0.142969357 0.019438069 0.074989842 0.002045801 0.480775623

0.008185731 0.012568014 0.238454525 0.029592435 7.05599E-05 2.2547591590.351300276 0.9459609 5.501203369 5.317619735 0.004714817 1.463335650.010550106 0.017637662 0.262717465 0.368798991 8.62375E-05 2.4781164710.009864781 0.012366774 0.041231318 0.031008891 3.61182E-05 0.3691844110.006475934 0.075825573 0.025471006 0.232899893 2.74706E-05 0.0951746992.26347E-05 1.11232E-05 1.24535E-05 0.000212148 1.45123E-08 1.35059E-050.198925704 0.004958126 0.003446988 0.002383168 7.35557E-06 0.0047891610.464731857 1.072659758 0.188390957 0.379190344 0.003761764 1.7139756240.455161325 1.130473542 1.430446203 0.498522997 0.001156954 0.7492153010.042014891 0.104351404 0.132041188 0.046017507 0.000106796 0.0691583354.203278283 4.652873396 5.857202239 2.055058018 0.004798058 3.1057573440.030154673 0.001007957 0.000662227 0.002618486 2.63504E-06 0.0016758493.477112903 9.143400719 0.773059157 2.254742979 0.031484779 14.273765690.38985146 0.48419095 5.314949637 1.639029149 6.026182868 49.013392951.15955894 0.309542911 0.078236689 0.503428347 0.591587981 1.289946168

0.000813958 0.001452554 0.017365282 0.002260859 7.06419E-06 0.1647581830.188458973 0.453637498 0.022218014 0.100610812 0.001669746 0.7724423910.368869737 0.914476306 1.102709683 0.395884727 0.001054205 0.6564423940.393373593 1.171569462 0.164481184 0.370686501 0.0035856 1.5757652460.010672302 0.067211806 0.022222693 0.034846798 0.000118789 0.0403579890.002934044 0.018477962 0.006109493 0.00958013 3.26575E-05 0.0110952740.410063886 0.944400448 0.058670281 0.584837783 0.004570662 1.6488932330.01810654 0.114031 0.03770284 0.059120792 0.000201536 0.068471034

0.829823373 0.978612094 0.248748083 2.300131143 0.051647991 1.7710934049.49752E-05 5.81073E-05 9.23673E-06 4.06051E-05 1.86905E-07 0.0001383856.67486E-06 1.97262E-05 4.52143E-05 0.001939298 2.16527E-07 0.0001814830.00018811 0.00055592 0.001274223 0.054652948 6.10214E-06 0.005114524

0.203467459 0.450908784 0.0861138 0.191734734 0.001526739 0.946765116

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit522 Manganese Water µg523 Manganese-54 Water µBq524 Mercury Water µg525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water µg526 Methanol Water mg527 Methyl acrylate Water ng528 Methyl amine Water pg529 Methyl formate Water pg530 Molybdenum Water µg531 Molybdenum-99 Water µBq532 Nickel, ion Water mg533 Niobium-95 Water µBq534 Nitrate Water g535 Nitrite Water µg536 Nitrogen Water µg537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water µg538 o-Xylene Water ng539 Oils, unspecified Water mg540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water µg541 Paraffins Water pg542 Phenol Water µg543 Phosphate Water mg544 Phosphorus Water mg545 Polonium-210 Water Bq546 Potassium-40 Water Bq547 Potassium, ion Water mg548 Propene Water µg549 Propylene oxide Water µg550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water mBq553 Radium-224 Water mBq554 Radium-226 Water Bq555 Radium-228 Water mBq556 Rubidium Water µg557 Ruthenium-103 Water nBq558 Scandium Water µg559 Selenium Water µg560 Silicon Water mg561 Silver-110 Water mBq562 Silver, ion Water µg563 Sodium-24 Water µBq564 Sodium formate Water ng565 Sodium, ion Water g566 Solids, inorganic Water mg567 Solved solids Water mg568 Strontium Water mg569 Strontium-89 Water µBq570 Strontium-90 Water mBq571 Sulfate Water g572 Sulfide Water µg573 Sulfite Water µg574 Sulfur Water mg575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water µg577 Technetium-99m Water µBq578 Tellurium-123m Water µBq579 Tellurium-132 Water nBq

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

5.787499463 10.93511233 1.671530904 18.03429815 0.344699966 17.41771811.051308542 3.785569392 0.772905861 1.474394302 0.009937951 4.1514975460.02813714 0.022111653 0.005815159 0.055178021 6.97463E-05 0.122351311

1.249955218 0.109954465 0.108195134 0.04730881 0.000129157 0.0836674890.007233533 5.63259E-05 1.78287E-05 9.72033E-05 1.8216E-07 0.0001974280.17260943 0.26040408 5.172515599 0.639507642 0.001486779 48.89719336

0.045201669 0.072919951 1.206651373 0.151582438 0.000390465 11.419419440.013621591 0.020492038 0.410007382 0.050662156 0.000117317 3.8757562950.319863917 0.798635952 0.045433672 0.211307367 0.002964442 1.3602111560.006242746 0.039315441 0.01299913 0.02038358 6.94852E-05 0.0236073430.010363593 0.016997997 0.002890415 0.062713966 5.15233E-05 0.0281866330.174620723 0.478548954 0.062917573 0.16633719 0.001487311 0.6649479977.26668E-06 1.57234E-05 7.3031E-06 1.23088E-05 5.27794E-08 0.0005317680.07944939 0.084091306 0.029007447 0.047647307 0.000217009 4.53567177

2.668115643 5.71952276 0.674593474 2.126051744 0.021616315 15.444157362.195268517 3.800303176 1.09330473 14.43276314 0.003691003 4.6453729670.000137021 0.000404936 0.000928154 0.039809639 4.44485E-06 0.0037254590.435502562 0.578448796 0.539639062 0.227922144 0.000540219 0.3741417750.025052397 0.070605434 0.06168784 0.133774287 5.70219E-05 0.0395701480.433332539 0.997167884 0.507151342 158.1190189 0.001183652 3.7594737830.390693276 0.83464516 1.022372122 0.502488004 0.000861495 0.6048089690.050728565 0.061149607 0.014915732 0.159061999 0.000101799 0.12375880.000159148 0.000134528 0.000103564 0.000952893 5.63155E-07 0.0008892770.000134167 6.42019E-05 1.27387E-05 5.49962E-05 1.9619E-07 0.0001698463.47039E-05 5.97826E-05 4.00185E-06 1.81577E-05 2.14404E-07 0.0001057060.110741367 0.177864906 0.059137304 0.093561336 0.000557593 0.3017857530.092274569 0.049892315 0.259787747 1.261580439 0.000101976 0.1437164060.00248669 0.009446167 0.23699934 0.014629242 1.70735E-05 0.057059684

0.020460145 0.054713664 0.005171741 0.01415507 0.000184673 0.08330180.000222021 3.65096E-05 2.01068E-05 8.57745E-05 5.9373E-08 0.0001834487.907948938 20.7976285 1.759406173 5.117085938 0.071653483 32.486251840.175062049 0.434797517 0.550171617 0.191739615 0.000444982 0.2881597320.013102851 0.034769368 0.004106247 0.009152793 0.000115703 0.052390870.350135666 0.869629222 1.100421597 0.386840304 0.00089034 0.5766339990.035803194 0.089074186 0.110234211 0.038895017 9.61341E-05 0.0608515611.317275663 8.295911938 2.742933397 4.301118825 0.014662005 4.9813618280.098371331 0.242445524 0.01143591 0.067984415 0.000888165 0.4233559390.089079342 0.224251394 0.01753999 0.103963019 0.000856285 0.3818567733.493355997 8.575535557 1.340545221 14.68622548 0.023580244 20.121047950.012253125 0.048081493 0.0108279 0.019494946 0.000119451 0.048700290.003191553 0.007351896 0.010519418 0.007627264 9.6285E-06 0.0062330550.047234283 0.297471105 0.098354881 0.154227598 0.000525744 0.1786194480.02185427 0.04515642 0.025359562 3.082820685 8.98416E-05 0.576575599

0.001426593 0.003080847 0.004267681 0.002062236 1.15922E-05 0.0103686080.419496209 0.977246352 0.056996206 0.32875429 0.003564582 3.0650393380.026240047 0.148114507 0.010862599 0.769241871 0.000198764 0.1292522470.012341036 0.028963022 0.020690731 0.011563275 6.52522E-05 0.0330249060.226260976 0.931582404 0.232280538 0.417880388 0.002156283 0.85939793811.64313303 27.97601578 1.590796513 5.500084269 0.101803699 46.56683380.002104722 0.004541226 0.000364688 0.003468193 3.84203E-05 0.0286390060.019350384 0.048448322 0.014823775 0.014993907 0.000152776 0.0723280290.515337877 1.233643296 0.061289781 0.278273827 0.004534018 2.0981213750.00349697 0.001567689 0.00143317 0.000605637 1.49307E-06 0.001101641

5.721025809 0.195737 0.122054825 0.18628717 0.000396035 0.2364453380.006081342 0.018326664 0.016265056 0.006858485 1.78216E-05 0.0128400330.144747462 0.906443315 0.298835203 0.468935159 0.001607963 0.5476572680.236640565 0.618272409 0.0545639 0.163456589 0.002110621 0.958240980.361467339 2.276441688 0.752675291 1.180249533 0.004023331 1.366911776

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit580 Thallium Water µg581 Thorium-228 Water mBq582 Thorium-230 Water mBq583 Thorium-232 Water mBq584 Thorium-234 Water mBq585 Tin, ion Water µg586 Titanium, ion Water mg587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg588 Toluene Water µg589 Tributyltin compounds Water µg590 Triethylene glycol Water µg591 Tungsten Water µg592 Uranium-234 Water mBq593 Uranium-235 Water mBq594 Uranium-238 Water Bq595 Uranium alpha Water mBq596 Vanadium, ion Water mg597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water µg598 Xylene Water µg599 Zinc-65 Water µBq600 Zinc, ion Water mg601 Zirconium-95 Water µBq602 2,4-D Soil mg603 Aclonifen Soil mg604 Aldrin Soil ng605 Aluminum Soil mg606 Antimony Soil pg607 Arsenic Soil ng608 Asulam Soil µg609 Atrazine Soil µg610 Barium Soil µg611 Benomyl Soil ng612 Bentazone Soil mg613 Bifenox Soil µg614 Boron Soil µg615 Cadmium Soil µg616 Calcium Soil mg617 Carbendazim Soil µg618 Carbetamide Soil mg619 Carbofuran Soil µg620 Carbon Soil mg621 Chloride Soil mg622 Chlorothalonil Soil ng623 Chlorotoluron Soil µg624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg625 Chromium Soil µg626 Chromium VI Soil µg627 Cobalt Soil ng628 Copper Soil mg629 Cypermethrin Soil µg630 Fenpiclonil Soil µg631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil µg632 Fluoride Soil µg633 Fluroxypyr Soil µg634 Glyphosate Soil mg635 Heat, waste Soil kJ636 Iron Soil mg637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil µg

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.00701482 0.015826658 0.001116111 0.015659112 0.000376079 0.0283924960.701161633 1.739332229 2.200768367 0.767306026 0.001780147 1.15337332.791587104 7.465145466 0.70563358 1.931321172 0.025196856 11.365717550.004791298 0.010884611 0.000595575 0.0027465 3.95734E-05 0.0183581290.020462489 0.054719718 0.005172325 0.014156707 0.000184694 0.0833109870.183851202 0.241102316 0.033419959 0.311626946 0.003359961 0.4955756720.015200543 0.047810993 0.014868203 0.086433837 0.000198643 0.0682355370.683729494 0.738415838 0.613033182 0.861049413 0.001059721 0.8236138760.459149995 1.096744952 1.373275437 0.482015823 0.001107415 0.7190402690.008742657 0.018314441 0.011718595 0.019865052 3.70887E-05 0.0193438356.002705926 0.04360582 0.003922661 0.03150142 0.000145323 0.0844991390.072191211 0.17734133 0.00868615 0.042496336 0.000651246 0.3043395060.024552174 0.065656397 0.006206089 0.016986084 0.000221608 0.099962160.040511087 0.108333055 0.010240047 0.028027039 0.000365653 0.1649375630.000110032 0.000193943 2.02911E-05 6.30353E-05 6.4957E-07 0.0003206871.17874734 3.152189613 0.297955967 0.815498776 0.010639488 4.799223849

0.003381991 0.00582773 0.001244776 0.011349571 3.202E-05 0.0076301921.276640932 3.179797961 3.863770936 1.377081242 0.003576722 2.2257012770.382842919 0.889493967 1.102243106 0.389497729 0.000904861 0.5891711320.640390014 4.033035235 1.33346968 2.090977326 0.007127894 2.421675630.080680879 0.008255053 0.034054845 0.012902033 0.000128738 0.012479190.007415896 0.046703676 0.015441952 0.024214102 8.2543E-05 0.028043681

1.0807E-06 5.11243E-08 1.09718E-07 7.27962E-08 8.55019E-11 6.04024E-084.31675E-08 7.05303E-07 4.22702E-07 1.52373E-07 2.84622E-10 1.60233E-070.000202135 0.000306741 0.006001209 0.000742873 1.74153E-06 0.0567358450.049627792 0.004836378 0.004319669 0.002040403 7.06246E-06 0.0113023420.121939383 0.158622499 0.438115418 0.324386623 0.016212006 6.68440806419.83105467 1.896778286 1.756792169 0.800947796 0.002688714 2.885772874

x x x x x x5.30283E-08 8.04707E-08 1.57436E-06 1.94886E-07 4.56873E-10 1.48841E-0524.68664847 2.171697122 2.136994452 0.934392697 0.002551178 1.6525916290.006889375 0.000325791 0.000696972 0.00046377 5.44356E-07 0.00036162.20307E-08 3.59954E-07 2.15728E-07 7.77639E-08 1.45258E-10 8.17757E-08

x x x x x x0.597752289 0.056264891 0.050016316 0.045855013 0.000232994 0.117938040.000185232 0.000429127 0.001241654 0.000189914 1.46537E-06 0.0020895560.200892479 0.024045408 0.017516561 0.009428914 4.69877E-05 0.048826813

x x x x x x8.33624E-09 1.28598E-07 7.71404E-08 3.2965E-08 5.4491E-11 3.12365E-080.003777018 0.000178611 0.000382107 0.000254256 2.98437E-07 0.0001982430.14836247 0.013418954 0.013088497 0.006163881 1.67635E-05 0.094343722

0.183692794 0.07134796 1.189638796 0.088190703 0.000115924 0.0774072420.53135249 1.183975394 0.77750136 5.365103784 0.003036717 2.261372213

x x x x x xx x x x x x

0.249335208 0.0269213 0.02729951 0.011365062 4.46305E-05 0.0548138430.588173092 0.072345162 0.04091789 0.153527907 0.001026825 0.4790361720.217515067 0.423735884 0.031473522 0.135764366 0.001689605 4.5978468110.000370029 5.31318E-05 0.000102536 0.000103699 6.6447E-07 0.0004561240.000533516 2.8049E-05 5.56529E-05 3.6776E-05 4.34132E-08 2.87376E-052.24021E-05 7.0921E-05 4.51777E-05 0.00021642 1.29337E-07 9.45311E-05

x x x x x x2.866309002 0.266109618 0.241364746 0.197252873 0.000950373 0.489583664

x x x x x x1.16485E-05 0.001046132 3.12765E-05 1.73552E-05 2.23217E-08 2.67405E-050.12909082 0.008627145 0.005287099 0.008055083 0.000112154 0.049279812

0.106532987 1.975215775 0.013748391 0.129020868 4.97428E-05 0.120239272x x x x x x

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit638 Lead Soil µg639 Linuron Soil ng640 Magnesium Soil µg641 Mancozeb Soil ng642 Manganese Soil µg643 Mecoprop Soil µg644 Mercury Soil ng645 Metaldehyde Soil µg646 Metolachlor Soil mg647 Metribuzin Soil mg648 Molybdenum Soil ng649 Napropamide Soil µg650 Nickel Soil mg651 Oils, biogenic Soil µg652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg653 Orbencarb Soil ng655 Phosphorus Soil µg656 Pirimicarb Soil µg657 Potassium Soil µg658 Silicon Soil µg659 Sodium Soil mg660 Strontium Soil µg661 Sulfur Soil µg662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg663 Tebutam Soil µg664 Teflubenzuron Soil pg665 Thiram Soil ng666 Tin Soil ng667 Titanium Soil µg668 Trifluralin Soil mg669 Vanadium Soil ng670 Zinc Soil mg

Heat, natural gas, at industrial furnace >100kW/RER U

Transport, freight, rail/RER U

Transport, lorry >16t, fleet average/RER U

Vegetable oil esterification plant/CH/I U

Tap water, at user/RER U

Hydrochloric acid, 30% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.001328871 0.003996556 0.046414749 0.004017363 1.03855E-05 0.0440171420.332614332 5.433849953 3.257886619 1.17406871 0.002193157 1.24687140939.88260479 4.228105391 3.465720999 1.715469432 0.007085097 6.6520857680.690117405 1.537740093 1.009814072 6.968164398 0.00394407 2.9370565752.212563566 0.64190242 0.195807516 0.203819293 0.002071659 1.056662572

x x x x x x0.002261704 0.007716036 0.004758831 0.006462797 1.35377E-05 0.6786357011.70571E-06 2.45174E-05 1.47241E-05 7.58073E-06 1.10378E-08 6.46062E-062.40712E-06 3.93293E-05 2.35708E-05 8.49664E-06 1.58711E-08 8.93498E-062.42995E-08 5.41448E-08 3.55562E-08 2.45354E-07 1.38873E-10 1.03416E-070.046187018 0.08812116 0.01019199 0.03574607 0.000350864 2.4455803883.01778E-06 4.33769E-05 2.60503E-05 1.3412E-05 1.95284E-08 1.14303E-058.85313E-07 2.0779E-06 1.52396E-05 1.65558E-06 6.72481E-09 2.15326E-050.109226691 11.46594759 0.053013398 0.839825713 0.001592892 1.0117557180.200011027 0.605812508 0.538416145 0.224760832 0.0005524 0.3876047980.131219584 0.292387373 0.192007014 1.324933448 0.000749929 0.5584547482.585008698 0.446424215 0.22557338 0.156314492 0.001169967 0.5560285012.08396E-06 3.40493E-05 2.04064E-05 7.35596E-06 1.37404E-08 7.73545E-0617.92766334 2.795109502 1.561909211 1.003731593 0.006873448 3.329944353

5.9338163 2.380730576 0.564910291 0.792790011 0.008270906 17.965372440.098769823 0.008868472 0.010413827 0.003948018 1.05431E-05 0.0081118120.49384808 0.043784356 0.043230002 0.018831143 5.13249E-05 0.033238379

29.74053851 2.826245139 2.594017523 1.219431846 0.003937597 9.8507760510.010097271 0.015233063 0.30258067 0.037409779 8.69733E-05 2.8603771597.15074E-06 0.000102783 6.17272E-05 3.17803E-05 4.62732E-08 2.70845E-051.619965054 3.609654237 2.370413349 16.35690208 0.009258215 6.8943762150.012222572 0.000577992 0.001236511 0.000822782 9.65752E-07 0.0006415210.009698213 0.006854269 0.024758712 0.050925092 5.46039E-05 9.6279749160.016383601 0.032284197 0.001674055 0.008854503 0.000128831 0.05502927

x x x x x x0.468950604 0.92407593 0.047916742 0.253443971 0.003687559 1.5751119910.000792657 0.000270605 0.003225649 0.000258675 5.29336E-07 0.000664591

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

1 Aluminium, 24% in bauxite, 11% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg2 Anhydrite, in ground Raw µg3 Barite, 15% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg4 Basalt, in ground Raw mg5 Borax, in ground Raw ng6 Cadmium, 0.30% in sulfide, Cd 0.18%, Pb, Zn, Ag, In, in ground Raw µg7 Calcite, in ground Raw g8 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw oz9 Carbon, in organic matter, in soil Raw mg

10 Cerium, 24% in bastnasite, 2.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg11 Chromium, 25.5% in chromite, 11.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg12 Chrysotile, in ground Raw µg13 Cinnabar, in ground Raw µg14 Clay, bentonite, in ground Raw mg15 Clay, unspecified, in ground Raw g16 Coal, brown, in ground Raw g17 Coal, hard, unspecified, in ground Raw g18 Cobalt, in ground Raw ng19 Colemanite, in ground Raw µg20 Copper, 0.99% in sulfide, Cu 0.36% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg21 Copper, 1.18% in sulfide, Cu 0.39% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg22 Copper, 1.42% in sulfide, Cu 0.81% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg23 Copper, 2.19% in sulfide, Cu 1.83% and Mo 8.2E-3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg24 Diatomite, in ground Raw ng25 Dolomite, in ground Raw mg26 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass Raw MJ27 Energy, gross calorific value, in biomass, primary forest Raw J28 Energy, kinetic (in wind), converted Raw kJ29 Energy, potential (in hydropower reservoir), converted Raw kJ30 Energy, solar, converted Raw J31 Feldspar, in ground Raw ng32 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 1% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg33 Fluorine, 4.5% in apatite, 3% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg34 Fluorspar, 92%, in ground Raw mg35 Gadolinium, 0.15% in bastnasite, 0.015% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg36 Gallium, 0.014% in bauxite, in ground Raw pg37 Gas, mine, off-gas, process, coal mining/m3 Raw cm338 Gas, natural, in ground Raw dm339 Gold, Au 1.1E-4%, Ag 4.2E-3%, in ore, in ground Raw ng40 Gold, Au 1.3E-4%, Ag 4.6E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng41 Gold, Au 1.4E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng42 Gold, Au 2.1E-4%, Ag 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng43 Gold, Au 4.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng44 Gold, Au 4.9E-5%, in ore, in ground Raw ng45 Gold, Au 6.7E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng46 Gold, Au 7.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng47 Gold, Au 9.7E-4%, Ag 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng48 Granite, in ground Raw pg49 Gravel, in ground Raw g50 Gypsum, in ground Raw µg51 Helium, 0.08% in natural gas, in ground Raw pg52 Indium, 0.005% in sulfide, In 0.003%, Pb, Zn, Ag, Cd, in ground Raw µg53 Iron, 46% in ore, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw g54 Kaolinite, 24% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg55 Kieserite, 25% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg56 Lanthanum, 7.2% in bastnasite, 0.72% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg57 Lead, 5.0% in sulfide, Pb 3.0%, Zn, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg58 Magnesite, 60% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg

No Substance Compartment Unit7.123084001 0.0143529140.189962673 0.0012960413.841840087 0.0030004131.518660856 0.00315980411.73001313 0.1337867991.007512025 0.0038147612.414575961 0.004272950.006745764 3.21061E-061.877193126 1.54779E-06-2.11743E-10 -4.05001E-134.613247742 0.0288314323.754921986 0.0015093190.345611597 0.0009755323.325655896 0.0097211110.489093292 0.0015154550.621585535 0.0005745620.70233156 0.001233193

5.159944727 0.00801145837.31985139 4.9259836820.447816547 0.0005008052.459825338 0.002768820.652503819 0.0007344693.272282235 0.0036471250.259529578 0.0005901720.822389734 0.0016686070.002283892 1.01083E-06130.1419617 0.0001073050.254091975 0.0002776692.39844303 0.010843777

3.711141434 0.0066597032.695264129 0.147196056356.1875152 1.82522E-05156.1548696 8.06379E-060.557025772 0.000616126-5.98386E-14 -6.86866E-17

10.5290837 0.0190428797.014730058 0.012711450.81849089 0.000627607

27.20574 0.00440041649.88573535 0.00806881159.73212661 0.00966142491.23322179 0.01475659622.61161025 0.003657334

54.157694 0.00875978383.84490758 0.01356156694.54382111 0.0152920715.665182893 0.0009163217.23260424 0.0104455881.852071408 0.0322865420.591322132 0.00709277553.16022965 0.096041680.017289971 6.44871E-050.245136198 0.0007491030.021093884 3.24479E-050.107316611 0.0002649259.41217E-10 1.32405E-120.058144658 0.0001890673.630060089 0.013138684

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit59 Magnesium, 0.13% in water Raw µg60 Manganese, 35.7% in sedimentary deposit, 14.2% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg61 Metamorphous rock, graphite containing, in ground Raw µg62 Molybdenum, 0.010% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 1.83% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg63 Molybdenum, 0.014% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.81% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg64 Molybdenum, 0.022% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg65 Molybdenum, 0.025% in sulfide, Mo 8.2E-3% and Cu 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg66 Molybdenum, 0.11% in sulfide, Mo 4.1E-2% and Cu 0.36% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg67 Neodymium, 4% in bastnasite, 0.4% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg68 Nickel, 1.13% in sulfide, Ni 0.76% and Cu 0.76% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg69 Nickel, 1.98% in silicates, 1.04% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg70 Occupation, arable, non-irrigated Raw m2a71 Occupation, construction site Raw cm2a72 Occupation, dump site Raw mm2a73 Occupation, dump site, benthos Raw mm2a74 Occupation, forest, intensive Raw mm2a75 Occupation, forest, intensive, normal Raw cm2a76 Occupation, forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2a77 Occupation, industrial area Raw mm2a78 Occupation, industrial area, benthos Raw mm2a79 Occupation, industrial area, built up Raw cm2a80 Occupation, industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2a81 Occupation, mineral extraction site Raw mm2a82 Occupation, permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2a83 Occupation, shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2a84 Occupation, traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2a85 Occupation, traffic area, rail network Raw mm2a86 Occupation, traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2a87 Occupation, traffic area, road network Raw mm2a88 Occupation, urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2a89 Occupation, water bodies, artificial Raw mm2a90 Occupation, water courses, artificial Raw mm2a91 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g92 Olivine, in ground Raw ng93 Pd, Pd 2.0E-4%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng94 Pd, Pd 7.3E-4%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng95 Peat, in ground Raw µg96 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 12% in crude ore, in ground Raw g97 Phosphorus, 18% in apatite, 4% in crude ore, in ground Raw g98 Praseodymium, 0.42% in bastnasite, 0.042% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg99 Pt, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Rh 2.0E-5%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng

100 Pt, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Rh 2.4E-5%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng101 Rh, Rh 2.0E-5%, Pt 2.5E-4%, Pd 7.3E-4%, Ni 2.3E+0%, Cu 3.2E+0% in ore, in ground Raw ng102 Rh, Rh 2.4E-5%, Pt 4.8E-4%, Pd 2.0E-4%, Ni 3.7E-2%, Cu 5.2E-2% in ore, in ground Raw ng103 Rhenium, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng104 Samarium, 0.3% in bastnasite, 0.03% in crude ore, in ground Raw pg105 Sand, unspecified, in ground Raw µg106 Shale, in ground Raw µg107 Silver, 0.007% in sulfide, Ag 0.004%, Pb, Zn, Cd, In, in ground Raw µg108 Silver, 3.2ppm in sulfide, Ag 1.2ppm, Cu and Te, in crude ore, in ground Raw µg109 Silver, Ag 2.1E-4%, Au 2.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng110 Silver, Ag 4.2E-3%, Au 1.1E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng111 Silver, Ag 4.6E-5%, Au 1.3E-4%, in ore, in ground Raw ng112 Silver, Ag 9.7E-4%, Au 9.7E-4%, Zn 0.63%, Cu 0.38%, Pb 0.014%, in ore, in ground Raw ng113 Sodium chloride, in ground Raw g114 Sodium nitrate, in ground Raw pg115 Sodium sulphate, various forms, in ground Raw mg116 Stibnite, in ground Raw ng

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.108824871 5.4578E-050.583145215 0.0002669999.970690934 0.0099408260.81112359 0.0677770958.570688907 0.0096473090.202104365 8.53661E-0531.4056479 0.035350717

0.407710077 0.000172258-7.70549E-11 -1.29842E-130.005887999 5.80409E-0613.28466599 0.0712095982.07973E-07 1.96117E-1015.18583848 5.57268E-0521.73028597 0.0333168470.351638281 0.0001877352.458349247 0.0028725161.818580626 0.00117395232.64610889 2.69174E-054.387180318 0.0074677750.003248621 1.77367E-060.135015348 0.0005673574.279684914 0.042901637126.7220864 0.0882409570.052428917 3.64097E-051.270070489 0.0052584233.375904698 0.0012454283.732971602 0.0013771572.305087276 0.00192460513.54862456 0.0268703830.039546123 0.0002014224.934316728 0.0264109972.311637908 0.009880160.720680704 0.0009122568.93201614 0.6219050186.901482162 0.00135406616.58627992 0.00325421656.10708682 0.6841907760.621973358 3.90428E-081.424750061 7.30089E-081.81898E-11 2.47016E-140.064491782 6.03127E-050.231193559 0.0002162120.03699232 1.54036E-05

0.115864683 4.82459E-050.156645449 1.86496E-05-9.79826E-13 -5.92537E-1610.65904784 0.0418769990.537787802 0.0036692350.601229619 9.91395E-050.428877742 7.07412E-0539.59649662 0.00652959690.43367139 0.01491281888.64464147 0.01461780158.48887301 0.0096450130.143590383 0.00030821511.0666723 0.166599098

0.146878351 0.0001315330.026970721 6.13316E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit117 Sulfur, in ground Raw µg118 Sylvite, 25 % in sylvinite, in ground Raw g119 Talc, in ground Raw µg120 Tantalum, 81.9% in tantalite, 1.6E-4% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg121 Tellurium, 0.5ppm in sulfide, Te 0.2ppm, Cu and Ag, in crude ore, in ground Raw ng122 Tin, 79% in cassiterite, 0.1% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg123 TiO2, 54% in ilmenite, 2.6% in crude ore, in ground Raw mg124 TiO2, 95% in rutile, 0.40% in crude ore, in ground Raw ng125 Transformation, from arable Raw mm2126 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2127 Transformation, from arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2128 Transformation, from dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2129 Transformation, from dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2130 Transformation, from dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2131 Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2132 Transformation, from forest Raw mm2133 Transformation, from forest, extensive Raw mm2134 Transformation, from forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2135 Transformation, from industrial area Raw mm2136 Transformation, from industrial area, benthos Raw mm2137 Transformation, from industrial area, built up Raw mm2138 Transformation, from industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2139 Transformation, from mineral extraction site Raw mm2140 Transformation, from pasture and meadow Raw mm2141 Transformation, from pasture and meadow, intensive Raw mm2142 Transformation, from sea and ocean Raw mm2143 Transformation, from shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2144 Transformation, from tropical rain forest Raw mm2145 Transformation, from unknown Raw mm2146 Transformation, to arable Raw mm2147 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated Raw dm2148 Transformation, to arable, non-irrigated, fallow Raw mm2149 Transformation, to dump site Raw mm2150 Transformation, to dump site, benthos Raw mm2151 Transformation, to dump site, inert material landfill Raw mm2152 Transformation, to dump site, residual material landfill Raw mm2153 Transformation, to dump site, sanitary landfill Raw mm2154 Transformation, to dump site, slag compartment Raw mm2155 Transformation, to forest Raw mm2156 Transformation, to forest, intensive Raw mm2157 Transformation, to forest, intensive, clear-cutting Raw mm2158 Transformation, to forest, intensive, normal Raw mm2159 Transformation, to forest, intensive, short-cycle Raw mm2160 Transformation, to heterogeneous, agricultural Raw mm2161 Transformation, to industrial area Raw mm2162 Transformation, to industrial area, benthos Raw mm2163 Transformation, to industrial area, built up Raw mm2164 Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation Raw mm2165 Transformation, to mineral extraction site Raw mm2166 Transformation, to pasture and meadow Raw mm2167 Transformation, to permanent crop, fruit, intensive Raw mm2168 Transformation, to sea and ocean Raw mm2169 Transformation, to shrub land, sclerophyllous Raw mm2170 Transformation, to traffic area, rail embankment Raw mm2171 Transformation, to traffic area, rail network Raw mm2172 Transformation, to traffic area, road embankment Raw mm2173 Transformation, to traffic area, road network Raw mm2174 Transformation, to unknown Raw mm2

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

7.364154026 0.1371012330.001341196 1.21475E-082.730106642 0.0041230540.474459854 7.7947E-0564.33273352 0.01061136121.23385113 0.00754640.363845882 0.0004931943.14504379 0.028986306

0.003982917 9.66596E-063.83502E-05 3.61778E-080.000864264 1.7342E-060.028361352 0.000723351

0.224351 5.75756E-050.000866552 0.000241049

7.6232E-05 2.96169E-052.407757481 0.0006254791.489836497 0.000908291.165937661 9.61341E-070.006812911 1.16214E-05

2.3786E-05 9.29504E-090.508665414 2.60304E-080.867723353 4.44049E-086.213473087 0.0025991015.793690518 0.004543090.000312302 2.95137E-070.352827454 0.0001881860.265876361 0.0010947381.165937661 9.61341E-071.322476214 0.0116665610.07500755 6.79476E-05

3.83822E-05 3.62074E-080.002730153 7.43657E-060.115435312 0.0001290570.351638281 0.0001877350.028361352 0.0007233510.224351217 5.75758E-050.000866552 0.000241049

7.6232E-05 2.96169E-051.130545518 0.0035826340.016373943 1.91378E-051.165937661 9.61341E-071.457344048 0.0008783041.165937661 9.61341E-070.045345407 3.09596E-050.069451114 0.0001331320.001189175 4.50477E-071.354853179 0.0018127380.535702643 0.0013550667.448472247 0.0096699285.287385745 1.69672E-060.000738049 5.12545E-07

2.3786E-05 9.29504E-090.253655136 0.0010515930.007855471 2.89801E-060.008634526 3.18543E-060.015887395 1.08563E-050.168060119 0.0005959791.111559482 4.47544E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit175 Transformation, to urban, discontinuously built Raw mm2176 Transformation, to water bodies, artificial Raw mm2177 Transformation, to water courses, artificial Raw mm2178 Ulexite, in ground Raw µg179 Uranium, in ground Raw µg180 Vermiculite, in ground Raw µg181 Volume occupied, final repository for low-active radioactive waste Raw mm3182 Volume occupied, final repository for radioactive waste Raw mm3183 Volume occupied, reservoir Raw l*day184 Volume occupied, underground deposit Raw mm3185 Water, cooling, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in186 Water, lake Raw cm3187 Water, river Raw cm3188 Water, salt, ocean Raw cm3189 Water, salt, sole Raw cm3190 Water, turbine use, unspecified natural origin Raw dm3191 Water, unspecified natural origin/m3 Raw cu.in192 Water, well, in ground Raw cm3193 Wood, hard, standing Raw mm3194 Wood, primary forest, standing Raw mm3195 Wood, soft, standing Raw cm3196 Wood, unspecified, standing/m3 Raw mm3197 Zinc, 9.0% in sulfide, Zn 5.3%, Pb, Ag, Cd, In, in ground Raw mg198 Zirconium, 50% in zircon, 0.39% in crude ore, in ground Raw µg199 1-Propanol Air pg200 1,4-Butanediol Air pg201 2-Propanol Air µg202 Acenaphthene Air ng203 Acetaldehyde Air µg204 Acetic acid Air µg205 Acetone Air µg206 Acetonitrile Air µg207 Acrolein Air µg208 Acrylic acid Air ng209 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Air mBq210 Aerosols, radioactive, unspecified Air µBq211 Aldehydes, unspecified Air µg212 Aluminum Air mg213 Ammonia Air mg214 Ammonium carbonate Air µg215 Antimony Air µg216 Antimony-124 Air nBq217 Antimony-125 Air nBq218 Argon-41 Air mBq219 Arsenic Air µg220 Arsine Air pg221 Barium Air µg222 Barium-140 Air µBq223 Benzal chloride Air pg224 Benzaldehyde Air ng225 Benzene Air mg226 Benzene, ethyl- Air µg227 Benzene, hexachloro- Air ng228 Benzene, pentachloro- Air ng229 Benzo(a)pyrene Air µg230 Beryllium Air ng231 Boron Air µg232 Boron trifluoride Air pg

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.000787733 4.0122E-060.138930478 0.0019932690.027224774 0.0001107030.704497633 0.00054879126.87332027 0.0947432371.269038979 0.0217545840.055118472 0.000186310.013814964 4.24944E-0513.36121014 0.0752861960.197263015 0.00393630210.3723168 0.006974403

1.332248809 0.02282628623.94644353 0.0970970812.376945777 0.0042274740.466813795 0.00035874220.28247149 0.07059826232.23924412 0.00413656350.84971616 0.04943566318.27003123 0.02574894712.07211854 9.95373E-060.095682215 6.22035E-050.000416246 7.74523E-062.258396178 0.0008297490.651681145 0.00010557747.83173467 0.086303819158.010456 0.025738406

2.957003841 0.0004781690.004393818 4.22449E-068.306602249 0.00934235338.52981045 0.0162963639.541741618 0.0011887341.267607425 1.04517E-060.00145656 2.21197E-06

7.650056515 0.0012373860.000656854 1.78818E-0611.39763206 0.025975520.043279159 0.0007673930.265122306 0.0004162560.261492536 0.0096256010.000965274 9.92505E-060.273948309 0.0006457270.10844485 0.002145828

1.131713134 0.0223935155.806788919 0.0089403052.093523014 0.0028986830.089171534 1.44234E-050.608939854 0.0007155960.073616255 0.0014566650.000435883 1.66508E-070.612499346 0.0008987720.027836198 2.64028E-050.96495834 0.000784911

2.353026984 0.0125916440.0853793 0.011250892

0.051224633 6.79019E-057.230107215 0.01559932817.32886723 0.0154462130.000665505 1.07644E-07

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit233 Bromine Air µg234 Butadiene Air pg235 Butane Air mg236 Butanol Air pg237 Butene Air µg238 Butyrolactone Air pg239 Cadmium Air µg240 Calcium Air µg241 Carbon-14 Air mBq242 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g243 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g244 Carbon dioxide, land transformation Air mg245 Carbon disulfide Air µg246 Carbon monoxide, biogenic Air mg247 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air mg248 Cerium-141 Air nBq249 Cesium-134 Air nBq250 Cesium-137 Air nBq251 Chlorine Air mg252 Chloroform Air ng253 Chlorosilane, trimethyl- Air pg254 Chromium Air µg255 Chromium-51 Air nBq256 Chromium VI Air µg257 Cobalt Air µg258 Cobalt-58 Air nBq259 Cobalt-60 Air nBq260 Copper Air µg261 Cumene Air µg262 Cyanide Air µg263 Dinitrogen monoxide Air g264 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg265 Ethane Air mg266 Ethane, 1,1-difluoro-, HFC-152a Air ng267 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air ng268 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-, HFC-134a Air ng269 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-, CFC-113 Air ng270 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air µg271 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-, CFC-114 Air µg272 Ethane, hexafluoro-, HFC-116 Air µg273 Ethanol Air µg274 Ethene Air µg275 Ethene, chloro- Air µg276 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng277 Ethyl acetate Air µg278 Ethyl cellulose Air ng279 Ethylene diamine Air pg280 Ethylene oxide Air ng281 Ethyne Air µg282 Fluorine Air µg283 Fluosilicic acid Air µg284 Formaldehyde Air mg285 Formic acid Air µg286 Furan Air µg287 Heat, waste Air MJ288 Helium Air µg289 Heptane Air mg290 Hexane Air g

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

1.85063556 0.00152563887.30973707 0.0144484610.066062347 4.34574E-050.489832413 7.97891E-050.942720251 0.00075356345.72541112 0.007448236

0.7784735 0.000824578.919011499 0.14307826648.10445437 0.1737112710.136649503 0.0055242156.623606057 0.00935448618.14444584 0.00013345451.61096549 0.0492921690.553020293 0.00498120914.91803873 0.03033141517.84624563 0.3531285130.854720409 0.01691258515.15141414 0.2998051510.005777756 1.58801E-0517.14941345 0.004014896137.4321378 0.02222945316.22051616 0.0995828861.143584252 0.0226284120.404196425 0.0024702580.583962563 0.0013635121.592488335 0.03151114.06815275 0.2783703637.895743997 0.0118267690.42164362 0.004015043

2.744848972 0.0389137290.000113727 4.11731E-063.586839999 0.0565766770.161494339 8.24933E-051.367095681 0.0024672630.006343003 1.72693E-051.966738866 0.004032350.363068748 5.87259E-0527.09917822 0.0105535430.019678578 7.57678E-050.185002795 9.36241E-051.950098631 0.00083655128.89615608 0.0308491430.124109267 0.0077557780.015965961 3.93857E-0513.71951183 0.00222589127.77309856 0.0044920042.459655019 0.00457633515.66901154 0.0668679544.426679373 0.0014721360.32683555 0.000628896

0.186938567 0.0001046220.022332867 2.17058E-058.49541959 9.7698E-06

2.407428084 1.98498E-060.091889548 0.000168893.385178247 0.003024340.00947839 7.52606E-06

7.37613E-05 2.14456E-08

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit291 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, cyclic Air mg292 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Air mg293 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Air µg294 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Air mg295 Hydrocarbons, chlorinated Air µg296 Hydrogen Air µg297 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Air Bq298 Hydrogen chloride Air mg299 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg300 Hydrogen peroxide Air ng301 Hydrogen sulfide Air mg302 Iodine Air µg303 Iodine-129 Air µBq304 Iodine-131 Air mBq305 Iodine-133 Air mBq306 Iodine-135 Air mBq307 Iron Air µg308 Isocyanic acid Air ng309 Isoprene Air ng310 Krypton-85 Air mBq311 Krypton-85m Air mBq312 Krypton-87 Air mBq313 Krypton-88 Air mBq314 Krypton-89 Air mBq315 Lanthanum-140 Air nBq316 Lead Air µg317 Lead-210 Air mBq318 m-Xylene Air µg319 Magnesium Air µg320 Manganese Air µg321 Manganese-54 Air nBq322 Mercury Air µg323 Methane, biogenic Air mg324 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air pg325 Methane, bromochlorodifluoro-, Halon 1211 Air µg326 Methane, bromotrifluoro-, Halon 1301 Air µg327 Methane, chlorodifluoro-, HCFC-22 Air µg328 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air µg329 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng330 Methane, dichlorofluoro-, HCFC-21 Air pg331 Methane, fossil Air mg332 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air µg333 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air µg334 Methane, tetrafluoro-, CFC-14 Air µg335 Methane, trichlorofluoro-, CFC-11 Air pg336 Methane, trifluoro-, HFC-23 Air ng337 Methanol Air mg338 Methyl acrylate Air ng339 Methyl amine Air pg340 Methyl borate Air pg341 Methyl ethyl ketone Air µg342 Methyl formate Air pg343 Molybdenum Air µg344 Monoethanolamine Air µg345 Nickel Air µg346 Niobium-95 Air nBq347 Nitrate Air ng348 Nitrogen oxides Air g

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.000526374 5.85093E-080.046422643 9.84672E-056.33158575 0.005309085

0.014957312 6.28326E-050.179039064 0.00017758555.15740649 0.1131783370.271148587 0.0007145710.276090142 0.000263030.29686467 3.36632E-05

20.57211437 0.0033318340.023958406 2.50294E-050.969789111 0.0007393347.6382908 0.134358197

2.291206831 0.0032703950.000160078 1.9603E-060.000156284 4.74078E-0718.38330386 0.024712853

43.731065 0.046978124111.7143171 9.2111E-0518.20316309 0.0289904481.349873628 0.0213642260.455687551 0.0049610920.483621506 0.0063969060.146930804 0.0026432156.291691891 0.1244954187.728997674 0.01236513610.8270468 0.000415391

0.084645866 5.61157E-0511.80669701 0.0245986461.389118111 0.0021463190.585641761 0.0115882530.554323588 0.0014314170.260952959 0.0132197369.97075E-05 3.80883E-080.038714059 1.54913E-050.028814396 2.4226E-050.156838081 7.00729E-050.000655444 4.42687E-061.073853882 0.0002556822.387320943 0.00045790110.60190963 0.0161647670.000174085 8.10705E-070.030812085 0.0005787641.439597246 0.0008057723.875687976 0.0007433780.759602119 0.000145696

0.0186279 1.05675E-058.679693181 0.00140392816.48245054 0.0026848350.002930092 4.73938E-0713.71949229 0.00222588833.66485335 0.0054438540.144900881 6.54202E-050.415910281 0.0001305688.301028549 0.007205410.069520777 0.00137562710.5065453 0.01566893

0.018306391 4.03294E-05

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit349 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg350 Noble gases, radioactive, unspecified Air Bq351 Ozone Air µg352 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air µg353 Paraffins Air pg354 Particulates, < 2.5 um Air mg355 Particulates, > 10 um Air mg356 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg357 Pentane Air mg358 Phenol Air µg359 Phenol, pentachloro- Air ng360 Phosphine Air pg361 Phosphorus Air µg362 Platinum Air pg363 Plutonium-238 Air nBq364 Plutonium-alpha Air nBq365 Polonium-210 Air mBq366 Polychlorinated biphenyls Air ng367 Potassium Air µg368 Potassium-40 Air mBq369 Propanal Air ng370 Propane Air mg371 Propene Air µg372 Propionic acid Air µg373 Propylene oxide Air µg374 Protactinium-234 Air µBq375 Radioactive species, other beta emitters Air mBq376 Radium-226 Air mBq377 Radium-228 Air mBq378 Radon-220 Air mBq379 Radon-222 Air Bq380 Ruthenium-103 Air nBq381 Scandium Air ng382 Selenium Air µg383 Silicon Air mg384 Silicon tetrafluoride Air µg385 Silver Air ng386 Silver-110 Air nBq387 Sodium Air µg388 Sodium chlorate Air ng389 Sodium dichromate Air ng390 Sodium formate Air ng391 Sodium hydroxide Air ng392 Strontium Air µg393 Styrene Air µg

394 Sulfate Air mg395 Sulfur dioxide Air mg396 Sulfur hexafluoride Air µg397 Sulfuric acid Air ng398 t-Butyl methyl ether Air ng399 Terpenes Air µg400 Thallium Air ng401 Thorium Air ng402 Thorium-228 Air mBq403 Thorium-230 Air mBq404 Thorium-232 Air mBq405 Thorium-234 Air µBq

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

2.508970918 0.005097437457.7841112 1.29095414916.40122994 0.0394440691.081016394 0.0012878275.29648769 0.0133407683.72394777 0.003473475

10.98273691 0.0084757956.094850557 0.0054776680.089154727 5.75532E-050.422212299 0.00073389512.34916721 0.016887866.612602432 0.0010695790.437278577 0.0350770230.63858299 0.001473215

0.006498634 1.83286E-050.014897292 4.20161E-0512.12631114 0.0007045753.967329582 0.01331547520.56429919 0.0157802730.227239811 7.66515E-050.637084598 0.0009431310.096961435 5.75428E-0562.48766236 0.0064853780.473172255 0.0001561740.108138235 6.0501E-056.582104901 0.0222287570.416533636 0.00094704421.90961168 0.0008188340.208912262 0.0001540532.486392993 0.002395589882.1166487 2.9358994330.01527417 0.000302234

4.003797172 0.0037167270.464243862 0.0003573170.051364732 0.0001705310.77173818 5.51233E-070.221136128 0.0004025340.151378723 0.0029953729.016855341 0.0175654916.392329974 0.007237375.422398759 0.0566971530.441370224 0.00044231876.72660804 0.0124170280.789866107 0.0006319450.026514977 2.46187E-05

44.35765488 0.000246777147.0110042 0.0364190480.225631532 0.00038417916.05894189 0.0026042564.525499396 0.0046023861.056339521 8.70975E-0712.62234434 0.0465037045.859015285 0.00506070.06041567 2.10128E-05

19.71019002 8.30656E-050.330323853 2.21871E-056.583362662 0.022233075

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit406 Tin Air µg407 Titanium Air µg408 Toluene Air µg409 Uranium Air ng410 Uranium-234 Air mBq411 Uranium-235 Air µBq412 Uranium-238 Air mBq413 Uranium alpha Air mBq414 Vanadium Air µg415 water Air mg416 Xenon-131m Air mBq417 Xenon-133 Air Bq418 Xenon-133m Air mBq419 Xenon-135 Air Bq420 Xenon-135m Air mBq421 Xenon-137 Air mBq422 Xenon-138 Air mBq423 Xylene Air µg424 Zinc Air µg425 Zinc-65 Air nBq426 Zirconium Air ng427 Zirconium-95 Air nBq428 1,4-Butanediol Water pg429 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water ng430 Acenaphthene Water ng431 Acenaphthylene Water pg432 Acetaldehyde Water ng433 Acetic acid Water µg434 Acetone Water ng435 Acidity, unspecified Water µg436 Acrylate, ion Water ng437 Actinides, radioactive, unspecified Water mBq438 Aluminum Water mg439 Ammonium, ion Water mg440 Antimony Water µg441 Antimony-122 Water µBq442 Antimony-124 Water µBq443 Antimony-125 Water µBq444 AOX, Adsorbable Organic Halogen as Cl Water µg445 Arsenic, ion Water µg446 Barite Water mg447 Barium Water mg448 Barium-140 Water µBq449 Benzene Water µg450 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro- Water ng451 Benzene, chloro- Water µg452 Benzene, ethyl- Water µg453 Beryllium Water µg454 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg455 Boron Water µg456 Bromate Water µg457 Bromine Water mg458 Butanol Water ng459 Butene Water ng460 Butyl acetate Water ng461 Butyrolactone Water pg462 Cadmium, ion Water µg463 Calcium, ion Water g

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.382181951 0.0010407621.170967778 0.00182011314.88995345 0.015637357.512545657 0.00585740619.76231928 0.0002592963.707350399 0.01253501319.95061853 0.0003148190.357152494 0.001207649.864027222 0.0034031670.363082007 0.0005298462.163490022 0.0257349420.071558609 0.0009335830.238061466 0.0011129050.029130925 0.00037400117.51749679 0.2348324950.402559637 0.007235823.327238462 0.05435613116.43073255 0.01556556214.45586206 0.0261784932.924251769 0.0578629654.329253975 0.013191582.858345089 0.05655885163.20463956 0.0102954370.002586861 9.88181E-070.244265516 0.00019057315.27641243 0.01191845290.89084038 0.0147438260.262354527 0.000818430.006165676 2.35529E-060.080128313 0.00080298118.1057848 0.002928585

0.077377802 0.00021823510.99384931 0.0910845950.105857268 0.2872199745.442506584 0.0284284990.043720883 0.00086511713.33286476 0.06411032512.23153544 0.059170140.346495772 0.000656036178.7357354 0.0451741370.219097698 0.0001169730.067838181 0.0002440410.191520685 0.0037896723.957434451 0.01149903521.24936797 0.0034613210.438782459 7.14735E-050.942984774 0.0007354250.276972791 0.00084065419.67275536 0.27181116135.13228989 0.04065232119.79566843 0.0396372450.11982032 6.40981E-05

49.78446071 0.00807716412.00361781 0.00230833564.71909365 0.010500199109.7429871 0.01787609234.67358337 0.0076436871.632082888 0.002164524

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit464 Carbonate Water µg465 Carboxylic acids, unspecified Water mg466 Cerium-141 Water µBq467 Cerium-144 Water µBq468 Cesium Water µg469 Cesium-134 Water µBq470 Cesium-136 Water nBq471 Cesium-137 Water mBq472 Chlorate Water mg473 Chloride Water g474 Chlorinated solvents, unspecified Water ng475 Chlorine Water µg476 Chloroform Water ng477 Chromium-51 Water µBq478 Chromium VI Water mg479 Chromium, ion Water µg480 Cobalt Water µg481 Cobalt-57 Water µBq482 Cobalt-58 Water mBq483 Cobalt-60 Water mBq484 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg485 Copper, ion Water µg486 Cumene Water µg487 Cyanide Water µg488 Dichromate Water ng489 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water mg490 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Water µg491 Ethanol Water ng492 Ethene Water µg493 Ethene, chloro- Water ng494 Ethyl acetate Water pg495 Ethylene diamine Water pg496 Ethylene oxide Water ng497 Fluoride Water mg498 Fluosilicic acid Water µg499 Formaldehyde Water mg500 Glutaraldehyde Water µg501 Heat, waste Water kJ502 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, alkanes, unspecified Water µg503 Hydrocarbons, aliphatic, unsaturated Water µg504 Hydrocarbons, aromatic Water µg505 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water mg506 Hydrogen-3, Tritium Water Bq507 Hydrogen peroxide Water ng508 Hydrogen sulfide Water µg509 Hydroxide Water µg510 Hypochlorite Water µg511 Iodide Water µg512 Iodine-131 Water µBq513 Iodine-133 Water µBq514 Iron-59 Water µBq515 Iron, ion Water mg516 Lanthanum-140 Water µBq517 Lead Water µg518 Lead-210 Water Bq519 Lithium, ion Water mg520 m-Xylene Water ng521 Magnesium Water mg

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

6.103995814 0.0342104270.165514695 0.000127215

0.0765731 0.0015151730.023311356 0.0004612680.039270983 3.06387E-0510.60478014 0.02667188713.59023037 0.2689135838.911287126 0.025495180.151662032 0.0003141010.056253121 0.00114146849.55145381 0.2436699140.869458705 0.0118936631.011640859 0.00016370319.55068691 0.2848731170.69619326 0.000329255

10.54444799 0.00122184422.54575035 0.1563395480.431405178 0.0085363320.125219088 0.0012794640.10107735 0.001127269

22.86126188 0.82593581754.95215461 0.7918822541.013199175 0.0096480784.679240767 0.00398040419.26223094 0.209635476.664137006 0.21080325364.54701449 4.03455E-05114.5514454 0.0185851220.308257452 0.003687061.643500012 0.1095238777.816871682 0.0012664585.962800035 0.0110941468.591308549 0.001482675104.5026797 0.0011449660.336489421 0.00018832

6.1755E-05 5.71235E-070.027049098 1.44412E-055.338355523 0.0363650425.105227833 0.003983030.471251799 0.00036766422.1665299 0.016377038

0.006145886 1.53142E-0520.39853484 0.057783409173.2980931 0.0872953573.638305644 1.7364008880.569342822 9.42362E-051.046208912 0.0008992547.386550187 0.0031694592.504800375 0.0150437720.12023243 0.002379072

0.033054465 0.0006540582.58466843 0.201276973

0.203985357 0.00403631414.20024565 0.1966964884.045617193 3.21212E-070.000663248 2.53361E-070.01869153 7.14017E-063.05663519 0.145762143

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit522 Manganese Water µg523 Manganese-54 Water µBq524 Mercury Water µg525 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Water µg526 Methanol Water mg527 Methyl acrylate Water ng528 Methyl amine Water pg529 Methyl formate Water pg530 Molybdenum Water µg531 Molybdenum-99 Water µBq532 Nickel, ion Water mg533 Niobium-95 Water µBq534 Nitrate Water g535 Nitrite Water µg536 Nitrogen Water µg537 Nitrogen, organic bound Water µg538 o-Xylene Water ng539 Oils, unspecified Water mg540 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Water µg541 Paraffins Water pg542 Phenol Water µg543 Phosphate Water mg544 Phosphorus Water mg545 Polonium-210 Water Bq546 Potassium-40 Water Bq547 Potassium, ion Water mg548 Propene Water µg549 Propylene oxide Water µg550 Protactinium-234 Water mBq551 Radioactive species, alpha emitters Water mBq552 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water mBq553 Radium-224 Water mBq554 Radium-226 Water Bq555 Radium-228 Water mBq556 Rubidium Water µg557 Ruthenium-103 Water nBq558 Scandium Water µg559 Selenium Water µg560 Silicon Water mg561 Silver-110 Water mBq562 Silver, ion Water µg563 Sodium-24 Water µBq564 Sodium formate Water ng565 Sodium, ion Water g566 Solids, inorganic Water mg567 Solved solids Water mg568 Strontium Water mg569 Strontium-89 Water µBq570 Strontium-90 Water mBq571 Sulfate Water g572 Sulfide Water µg573 Sulfite Water µg574 Sulfur Water mg575 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg576 t-Butyl methyl ether Water µg577 Technetium-99m Water µBq578 Tellurium-123m Water µBq579 Tellurium-132 Water nBq

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

97.21870427 2.0617793737.668367011 0.0770423210.150321977 0.0021022540.493914509 0.0003382140.000860883 4.08132E-07169.560349 0.027426145

39.55718121 0.0064434913.44043768 0.0021734181.973940294 0.0242864990.070329772 0.0013916340.309105188 0.0006564051.048485274 0.0054530840.000712519 0.001262681.242734604 16.81424189114.6172646 12.8113324637.14925682 0.0213974960.013615058 5.20095E-063.58048443 0.001583756

0.270426258 0.00018909415.37092581 0.0387162154.148381432 0.00364677886.27099592 0.0755748720.253348807 2.16247E-066.173855861 4.30451E-070.489121491 1.67426E-070.623505719 0.011745473118.1297285 0.003680810.259961437 0.0001455390.121155243 0.00040964112.1205641 6.92865E-07

46.40481237 0.1308716111.963549169 0.0015319354.634183628 0.0002575523.928247838 0.0030643090.397392484 0.00032222

14.840215 0.2936473690.721545966 0.0005251470.621590371 0.003324011163.7457053 0.1256474850.09526722 0.001101324

0.074531092 4.77918E-050.532133802 0.0105294761.060365031 0.0010626420.036907766 9.16707E-053.127939023 0.00259637210.55778845 0.0003545160.105889567 0.0001771811.819262168 0.02384906163.34139049 0.0904301344.097756975 0.0039361710.276046593 0.0001375782.846935926 0.0025141790.01470333 4.17858E-06

11.87489826 0.0010005320.369804226 4.81622E-051.623005673 0.0319830431.382797791 0.004097154.072232722 0.080578376

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit580 Thallium Water µg581 Thorium-228 Water mBq582 Thorium-230 Water mBq583 Thorium-232 Water mBq584 Thorium-234 Water mBq585 Tin, ion Water µg586 Titanium, ion Water mg587 TOC, Total Organic Carbon Water mg588 Toluene Water µg589 Tributyltin compounds Water µg590 Triethylene glycol Water µg591 Tungsten Water µg592 Uranium-234 Water mBq593 Uranium-235 Water mBq594 Uranium-238 Water Bq595 Uranium alpha Water mBq596 Vanadium, ion Water mg597 VOC, volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Water µg598 Xylene Water µg599 Zinc-65 Water µBq600 Zinc, ion Water mg601 Zirconium-95 Water µBq602 2,4-D Soil mg603 Aclonifen Soil mg604 Aldrin Soil ng605 Aluminum Soil mg606 Antimony Soil pg607 Arsenic Soil ng608 Asulam Soil µg609 Atrazine Soil µg610 Barium Soil µg611 Benomyl Soil ng612 Bentazone Soil mg613 Bifenox Soil µg614 Boron Soil µg615 Cadmium Soil µg616 Calcium Soil mg617 Carbendazim Soil µg618 Carbetamide Soil mg619 Carbofuran Soil µg620 Carbon Soil mg621 Chloride Soil mg622 Chlorothalonil Soil ng623 Chlorotoluron Soil µg624 Chlorpyrifos Soil mg625 Chromium Soil µg626 Chromium VI Soil µg627 Cobalt Soil ng628 Copper Soil mg629 Cypermethrin Soil µg630 Fenpiclonil Soil µg631 Fluazifop-P-butyl Soil µg632 Fluoride Soil µg633 Fluroxypyr Soil µg634 Glyphosate Soil mg635 Heat, waste Soil kJ636 Iron Soil mg637 Lambda-cyhalothrin Soil µg

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.167798184 0.00156128757.45494032 0.00613028716.53045034 0.0558915080.025242896 2.65326E-050.121168687 0.0004096871.939093262 0.0785271610.173005098 0.0005156797.175788138 0.2045730617.326392078 0.0038153780.227171773 9.50035E-050.430712036 0.0001574310.453420554 0.0003874850.14538629 0.000491569

0.239887379 0.0008110892.076012345 1.3992E-066.980046014 0.0236004181.218251113 0.0002287414.0470232 0.011707222

4.110942751 0.0030751997.214530534 0.1427558770.17944477 0.001283494

0.083546282 0.0016531530.00042523 3.52666E-10

7.30135E-07 6.02024E-100.196726499 3.18374E-050.022099008 0.01489695721.10843778 1.821499919.718240996 1.967569177

x x5.16094E-05 8.35224E-099.755328836 0.0067147812.710765018 2.23509E-063.72627E-07 3.07245E-10

x x0.325820874 0.0014772860.004735932 0.0013994840.106598559 0.050461809

x x1.39068E-07 1.22323E-101.486144594 1.22536E-060.067214446 0.1747127940.601348926 0.0008632197.083904986 0.01338836

x xx x

0.12809289 0.060922230.737568779 0.0075806692.013008686 8.042773410.000590723 0.0002842070.209848711 1.76075E-070.000303994 5.47715E-07

x x1.474691863 0.005792647

x x0.003186501 1.05644E-070.08766041 0.001584612

0.480236483 0.134130413x x

SimaPro 7.1 Inventory Date: 11/23/2009Project PENNDOTProcessing

Title: Analyzing 1 lb 'Soybean methyl ester, at esterification plant/US U'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-compartment: NoDefault units: NoIndicator: InventoryRelative mode: Non

No Substance Compartment Unit638 Lead Soil µg639 Linuron Soil ng640 Magnesium Soil µg641 Mancozeb Soil ng642 Manganese Soil µg643 Mecoprop Soil µg644 Mercury Soil ng645 Metaldehyde Soil µg646 Metolachlor Soil mg647 Metribuzin Soil mg648 Molybdenum Soil ng649 Napropamide Soil µg650 Nickel Soil mg651 Oils, biogenic Soil µg652 Oils, unspecified Soil mg653 Orbencarb Soil ng655 Phosphorus Soil µg656 Pirimicarb Soil µg657 Potassium Soil µg658 Silicon Soil µg659 Sodium Soil mg660 Strontium Soil µg661 Sulfur Soil µg662 Sulfuric acid Soil pg663 Tebutam Soil µg664 Teflubenzuron Soil pg665 Thiram Soil ng666 Tin Soil ng667 Titanium Soil µg668 Trifluralin Soil mg669 Vanadium Soil ng670 Zinc Soil mg

Treatment, sewage, from residence, to wastewater treatment, class 2/CH U

Phosphoric acid, industrial grade, 85% in H2O, at plant/RER U

0.040481912 0.0775901675.668102056 0.00464506218.83295364 5.6783725129.200533024 0.0173887212.651233391 0.26545874

x x0.074752267 1.3968627092.79994E-05 2.64605E-084.0714E-05 3.35702E-08

3.23957E-07 6.12268E-100.545140203 4.7521257934.95374E-05 4.68147E-083.88567E-05 2.61296E-054.83470052 0.00208119716.4373835 0.001540214

1.749398154 0.0033063081.886456148 0.0012655043.52481E-05 2.90634E-0811.89448087 0.00799880810.94170907 29.771035680.044753909 3.00828E-050.196117024 0.00013474713.21758729 15.543633129.918903641 0.0016043690.000117381 1.10929E-0721.59711071 0.0408178664.809219824 3.96531E-060.883158955 19.97721250.128282528 8.41427E-05

x x3.671853347 0.0024084280.001608247 0.000765509

SimaPro 7.Inventory Date: 12/5/2009 Time: 1:49:11 PMProject bchome2

Title: Analyzing 1 p 'diesel1'Method: Per sub-co NoDefault uni NoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance Compartment Unit Total Diesel, at refinery/l/US1 Carbon dioxide, in air Raw g 2.228252703 2.2282527032 Coal, 26.4 MJ per kg, in ground Raw g 50.20333659 50.203336593 Gas, natural, in ground Raw l 51.78536033 51.785360334 Oil, crude, in ground Raw g 941.8979526 941.89795265 Uranium oxide, 332 GJ per kg, in ore Raw mg 1.194154657 1.1941546576 2-Chloroacetophenone Air pg 74.18853993 74.188539937 5-methyl Chrysene Air pg 483.8337158 483.83371588 Acenaphthene Air ng 11.21586173 11.215861739 Acenaphthylene Air ng 5.498127825 5.498127825

10 Acetaldehyde Air µg 8.180142634 8.18014263411 Acetophenone Air pg 158.9754427 158.975442712 Acrolein Air µg 7.362166392 7.36216639213 Aldehydes, unspecified Air mg 38.28043267 38.2804326714 Ammonia Air mg 19.24015776 19.2401577615 Ammonium chloride Air µg 63.38121137 63.3812113716 Anthracene Air ng 4.61843887 4.6184388717 Antimony Air ng 395.8648202 395.864820218 Arsenic Air µg 12.87218478 12.8721847819 Benzene Air µg 41.80678924 41.8067892420 Benzene, chloro- Air pg 233.1639826 233.163982621 Benzene, ethyl- Air pg 996.2461076 996.246107622 Benzo(a)anthracene Air ng 1.759377911 1.75937791123 Benzo(a)pyrene Air pg 835.7183988 835.718398824 Benzo(b,j,k)fluoranthene Air ng 2.419168579 2.41916857925 Benzo(ghi)perylene Air pg 593.8029798 593.802979826 Benzyl chloride Air ng 7.418853993 7.41885399327 Beryllium Air ng 628.8994042 628.899404228 Biphenyl Air ng 37.38749915 37.3874991529 Bromoform Air pg 413.336151 413.33615130 BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene), unspecified ratio Air mg 12.75793809 12.7579380931 Butadiene Air ng 416.7098348 416.709834832 Cadmium Air µg 3.172628807 3.17262880733 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air g 2.228252703 2.22825270334 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 345.8332458 345.833245835 Carbon disulfide Air ng 1.37778717 1.3777871736 Carbon monoxide Air µg 573.4531156 573.453115637 Carbon monoxide, fossil Air g 12.49273094 12.4927309438 Chloride Air ng 1.707649706 1.70764970639 Chloroform Air pg 625.303408 625.30340840 Chromium Air µg 9.2242837 9.224283741 Chromium VI Air µg 1.737378981 1.73737898142 Chrysene Air ng 2.199270291 2.19927029143 Cobalt Air µg 18.61985218 18.6198521844 Copper Air ng 163.8287026 163.828702645 Cumene Air pg 56.17132309 56.1713230946 Cyanide Air ng 26.49590712 26.4959071247 Dinitrogen monoxide Air mg 2.3641474 2.364147448 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 59.14407635 59.1440763549 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-, HCFC-140 Air ng 88.57141419 88.5714141950 Ethane, 1,2-dibromo- Air pg 12.71803542 12.7180354251 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro- Air pg 423.9345139 423.934513952 Ethane, chloro- Air pg 445.1312396 445.131239653 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air µg 1.152916712 1.15291671254 Fluoranthene Air ng 15.61478553 15.6147855355 Fluorene Air ng 20.01279924 20.0127992456 Fluoride Air µg 1.887477868 1.88747786857 Formaldehyde Air µg 168.0847039 168.084703958 Furan Air pg 100.1279179 100.1279179

SimaPro 7.Inventory Date: 12/5/2009 Time: 1:49:11 PMProject bchome2

Title: Analyzing 1 p 'diesel1'Method: Per sub-co NoDefault uni NoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance Compartment Unit Total Diesel, at refinery/l/US59 Hexane Air pg 710.0903107 710.090310760 Hydrazine, methyl- Air ng 1.801721684 1.80172168461 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Air µg 365.8126663 365.812666362 Hydrogen chloride Air mg 28.42239224 28.4223922463 Hydrogen fluoride Air mg 3.298409339 3.29840933964 Hydrogen sulfide Air pg 55.19697171 55.1969717165 Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene Air ng 1.341580265 1.34158026566 Isophorone Air ng 6.147050451 6.14705045167 Isoprene Air mg 55.97123026 55.9712302668 Kerosene Air µg 30.35499469 30.3549946969 Lead Air µg 14.11211755 14.1121175570 Magnesium Air µg 241.9168579 241.916857971 Manganese Air µg 19.39412557 19.3941255772 Mercaptans, unspecified Air µg 2.152306774 2.15230677473 Mercury Air µg 2.43701875 2.4370187574 Metals, unspecified Air pg 6.332272276 6.33227227675 Methacrylic acid, methyl ester Air pg 211.9672569 211.967256976 Methane Air g 3.941792616 3.94179261677 Methane, bromo-, Halon 1001 Air ng 1.695738056 1.69573805678 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air µg 20.35519428 20.3551942879 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-, CFC-12 Air ng 109.3072574 109.307257480 Methane, fossil Air mg 148.1551904 148.155190481 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Air ng 5.617132309 5.61713230982 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 10.93072574 10.9307257483 Methyl ethyl ketone Air ng 4.13336151 4.1333615184 Naphthalene Air µg 3.847575423 3.84757542385 Nickel Air µg 237.4631126 237.463112686 Nitrogen oxides Air g 2.725999575 2.72599957587 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air g 1.853847489 1.85384748988 Organic acids Air ng 232.9095034 232.909503489 Organic substances, unspecified Air µg 136.63674 136.6367490 PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Air µg 1.790503933 1.79050393391 Particulates, > 2.5 um, and < 10um Air mg 62.65933871 62.6593387192 Particulates, unspecified Air mg 291.7559878 291.755987893 Phenanthrene Air ng 59.38029798 59.3802979894 Phenol Air pg 169.5738056 169.573805695 Phenols, unspecified Air µg 10.88361341 10.8836134196 Phthalate, dioctyl- Air pg 773.6804878 773.680487897 Propanal Air ng 4.027377882 4.02737788298 Propene Air µg 27.49651645 27.4965164599 Pyrene Air ng 7.257510533 7.257510533

100 Radioactive species, unspecified Air kBq 1.246381137 1.246381137101 Radionuclides (Including Radon) Air mg 1.697476041 1.697476041102 Selenium Air µg 30.87483255 30.87483255103 Styrene Air pg 264.9590712 264.9590712104 Sulfur dioxide Air g 1.551408785 1.551408785105 Sulfur oxides Air g 2.477824448 2.477824448106 Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester Air pg 508.7214167 508.7214167107 t-Butyl methyl ether Air pg 370.9426996 370.9426996108 Tar Air ng 1.920636872 1.920636872109 Toluene Air µg 4.361471498 4.361471498110 Toluene, 2,4-dinitro- Air pg 2.967541597 2.967541597111 Vinyl acetate Air pg 80.54755764 80.54755764112 VOC, volatile organic compounds Air mg 106.1898596 106.1898596113 Xylene Air µg 3.037788098 3.037788098114 Zinc Air ng 109.2191351 109.2191351115 2-Hexanone Water µg 22.93362534 22.93362534116 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Water µg 14.7604838 14.7604838

SimaPro 7.Inventory Date: 12/5/2009 Time: 1:49:11 PMProject bchome2

Title: Analyzing 1 p 'diesel1'Method: Per sub-co NoDefault uni NoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance Compartment Unit Total Diesel, at refinery/l/US117 Acetone Water µg 35.12225852 35.12225852118 Acids, unspecified Water ng 35.86957554 35.86957554119 Aluminum Water mg 303.7310692 303.7310692120 Ammonia Water mg 65.84231189 65.84231189121 Ammonia, as N Water ng 18.01406339 18.01406339122 Ammonium, ion Water µg 13.55129775 13.55129775123 Antimony Water µg 189.4417365 189.4417365124 Arsenic, ion Water µg 962.934826 962.934826125 Barium Water g 4.157051103 4.157051103126 Benzene Water mg 5.892048894 5.892048894127 Benzene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- Water ng 350.975718 350.975718128 Benzene, ethyl- Water µg 331.4419374 331.4419374129 Benzene, pentamethyl- Water ng 263.2363685 263.2363685130 Benzenes, alkylated, unspecified Water µg 166.1906843 166.1906843131 Benzoic acid Water mg 3.562916987 3.562916987132 Beryllium Water µg 53.60142874 53.60142874133 Biphenyl Water µg 10.7601219 10.7601219134 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water mg 642.5268956 642.5268956135 Boron Water mg 11.02368319 11.02368319136 Bromide Water mg 752.4819299 752.4819299137 Cadmium, ion Water µg 142.2052804 142.2052804138 Calcium, ion Water g 11.28287147 11.28287147139 Chloride Water g 126.8477813 126.8477813140 Chromium Water mg 8.010182758 8.010182758141 Chromium VI Water µg 33.70393444 33.70393444142 Chromium, ion Water µg 602.3150975 602.3150975143 Cobalt Water µg 77.8130458 77.8130458144 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water g 1.219900176 1.219900176145 Copper, ion Water mg 1.000248218 1.000248218146 Cyanide Water ng 253.5969019 253.5969019147 Decane Water µg 102.3817921 102.3817921148 Detergent, oil Water mg 2.951728952 2.951728952149 Dibenzofuran Water ng 667.8342641 667.8342641150 Dibenzothiophene Water ng 574.2975373 574.2975373151 DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon Water pg 110.142904 110.142904152 Docosane Water µg 3.758354161 3.758354161153 Dodecane Water µg 194.2509683 194.2509683154 Eicosane Water µg 53.48227541 53.48227541155 Fluorene, 1-methyl- Water ng 399.7259652 399.7259652156 Fluorenes, alkylated, unspecified Water µg 9.631131243 9.631131243157 Fluoride Water µg 220.4259895 220.4259895158 Fluorine Water µg 4.752478594 4.752478594159 Hexadecane Water µg 212.0258318 212.0258318160 Hexanoic acid Water µg 737.8473985 737.8473985161 Hydrocarbons, unspecified Water pg 137.8153804 137.8153804162 Iron Water mg 605.2757631 605.2757631163 Lead Water mg 2.023745696 2.023745696164 Lead-210/kg Water pg 0.364936714 0.364936714165 Lithium, ion Water mg 179.7161989 179.7161989166 m-Xylene Water µg 106.413338 106.413338167 Magnesium Water g 2.205693095 2.205693095168 Manganese Water mg 3.902237009 3.902237009169 Mercury Water µg 3.338601261 3.338601261170 Metallic ions, unspecified Water ng 1.68265146 1.68265146171 Methane, monochloro-, R-40 Water ng 141.3704282 141.3704282172 Methyl ethyl ketone Water ng 282.7309196 282.7309196173 Molybdenum Water µg 80.7396091 80.7396091174 n-Hexacosane Water µg 2.344744068 2.344744068

SimaPro 7.Inventory Date: 12/5/2009 Time: 1:49:11 PMProject bchome2

Title: Analyzing 1 p 'diesel1'Method: Per sub-co NoDefault uni NoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance Compartment Unit Total Diesel, at refinery/l/US175 Naphthalene Water µg 63.99368449 63.99368449176 Naphthalene, 2-methyl- Water µg 55.63225717 55.63225717177 Naphthalenes, alkylated, unspecified Water µg 2.723271912 2.723271912178 Nickel Water µg 949.136108 949.136108179 Nitrate Water pg 12.07420544 12.07420544180 Nitrate compounds Water pg 486.118102 486.118102181 Nitric acid Water µg 1.090383303 1.090383303182 Nitrogen, total Water µg 33.73459492 33.73459492183 o-Cresol Water µg 101.0382024 101.0382024184 Octadecane Water µg 52.38058455 52.38058455185 Oils, unspecified Water mg 81.05796439 81.05796439186 p-Cresol Water µg 109.0119663 109.0119663187 Phenanthrene Water ng 976.1983915 976.1983915188 Phenanthrenes, alkylated, unspecified Water µg 1.129180067 1.129180067189 Phenol Water mg 1.491589939 1.491589939190 Phenol, 2,4-dimethyl- Water µg 98.38031559 98.38031559191 Phenols, unspecified Water µg 282.9163503 282.9163503192 Radioactive species, Nuclides, unspecified Water Bq 1.968326547 1.968326547193 Radium-226/kg Water pg 126.9643464 126.9643464194 Radium-228/kg Water pg 0.649437005 0.649437005195 Selenium Water µg 41.48497334 41.48497334196 Silver Water mg 7.377211696 7.377211696197 Sodium, ion Water g 35.76738292 35.76738292198 Solids, inorganic Water ng 2.772268433 2.772268433199 Solved solids Water g 156.4518062 156.4518062200 Strontium Water mg 191.4742538 191.4742538201 Sulfate Water mg 282.8771834 282.8771834202 Sulfide Water µg 173.0739731 173.0739731203 Sulfur Water mg 9.305470875 9.305470875204 Suspended solids, unspecified Water g 9.333916279 9.333916279205 Tar Water pg 27.47428738 27.47428738206 Tetradecane Water µg 85.13251278 85.13251278207 Thallium Water µg 39.91847157 39.91847157208 Tin Water µg 770.8474511 770.8474511209 Titanium, ion Water mg 2.909247777 2.909247777210 Toluene Water mg 5.566682895 5.566682895211 Vanadium Water µg 95.37367822 95.37367822212 Xylene Water mg 2.989410536 2.989410536213 Yttrium Water µg 23.6697248 23.6697248214 Zinc Water mg 7.018476342 7.018476342

SimaPro 7. Inventory Date: 12/4/2009 Time: 12:54:51 PMProject Biodiesel LCI

Title: Analyzing 1 tkm 'Trailer diesel FAL'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-co NoDefault unitNoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance CompartmeUnit Total Trailer diesel FAL Destillate Fuel Oil (DFO) FAL1 Coal, 26.4 MJ per kg, in ground Raw mg 379.651 x 379.65098932 Gas, natural, 46.8 MJ per kg, in ground Raw g 1.547808 x 1.5478078793 Limestone, in ground Raw mg 22.01976 x 22.019757384 Oil, crude, 42 MJ per kg, in ground Raw g 22.30304 x 22.303035425 Uranium, 2291 GJ per kg, in ground Raw µg 1.547808 x 1.5478078796 Wood and wood waste, 9.5 MJ per kg Raw mg 15.94534 x 15.945341557 Acrolein Air ng 13.72584 x 13.725843468 Aldehydes, unspecified Air mg 17.43474 16.06215724 1.3725843469 Ammonia Air µg 116.8157 x 116.815689

10 Antimony Air ng 110.9749 x 110.974904611 Arsenic Air ng 230.711 x 230.710985812 Benzene Air ng 43.80588 x 43.8058833813 Beryllium Air ng 16.06216 x 16.0621572414 Cadmium Air ng 350.4471 x 350.44706715 Carbon dioxide, biogenic Air mg 17.81439 x 17.8143925716 Carbon dioxide, fossil Air g 74.26557 66.58494273 7.68063155217 Carbon monoxide Air mg 628.9357 610.361975 18.5736945518 Chlorine Air µg 4.380588 x 4.38058833819 Chromium Air ng 262.8353 x 262.835300320 Cobalt Air ng 321.2431 x 321.243144821 Dinitrogen monoxide Air µg 8.177098 x 8.1770982322 Dioxins, measured as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Air pg 0.07301 x 0.07300980623 Ethene, tetrachloro- Air ng 13.4338 x 13.4338042424 Ethene, trichloro- Air ng 12.84973 x 12.8497257925 Formaldehyde Air ng 61.32824 x 61.3282367326 Hydrogen chloride Air µg 73.00981 x 73.0098056327 Hydrogen fluoride Air µg 9.637294 x 9.63729434328 Kerosene Air ng 292.0392 x 292.039222529 Lead Air ng 408.8549 x 408.854911530 Manganese Air ng 321.2431 x 321.243144831 Mercury Air ng 75.9302 x 75.9301978532 Metals, unspecified Air µg 7.300981 x 7.30098056333 Methane Air mg 11.82759 x 11.8275885134 Methane, dichloro-, HCC-30 Air ng 61.32824 x 61.3282367335 Methane, tetrachloro-, CFC-10 Air ng 55.48745 x 55.4874522836 N-Nitrodimethylamine Air ng 2.891188 x 2.89118830337 Naphthalene Air ng 20.44275 x 20.4427455838 Nickel Air µg 4.964667 x 4.96466678339 Nitrogen oxides Air mg 638.0181 613.2823673 24.7357221540 NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compounds, unspecified origin Air mg 256.7025 110.0987869 146.603689741 Organic substances, unspecified Air mg 339.6416 338.7654981 0.87611766842 Particulates, < 10 um Air mg 87.02769 87.02768831 x43 Particulates, unspecified Air mg 4.847851 x 4.84785109444 Phenol Air ng 350.4471 x 350.44706745 Radioactive species, unspecified Air Bq 20.73153 x 20.7315267346 Selenium Air ng 210.2682 x 210.268240247 Sulfur oxides Air mg 181.0643 105.7181985 75.3461194148 Acidity, unspecified Water ng 24.53129 x 24.5312946949 Ammonia Water µg 40.88549 x 40.8854911550 BOD5, Biological Oxygen Demand Water µg 379.651 x 379.650989351 Boron Water µg 81.77098 x 81.770982352 Cadmium, ion Water µg 3.79651 x 3.79650989353 Calcium, ion Water ng 262.8353 x 262.835300354 Chloride Water mg 3.738102 x 3.73810204855 Chromate Water ng 286.1984 x 286.198438156 Chromium Water µg 3.79651 x 3.79650989357 COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand Water mg 2.540741 x 2.54074123658 Cyanide Water ng 5.548745 x 5.54874522859 Fluoride Water µg 1.197361 x 1.19736081260 Iron Water µg 55.48745 x 55.4874522861 Lead Water ng 43.80588 x 43.8058833862 Manganese Water µg 26.86761 x 26.8676084763 Mercury Water pg 286.1984 x 286.198438164 Metallic ions, unspecified Water µg 525.6706 x 525.670600565 Nitrate Water ng 113.8953 x 113.895296866 Oils, unspecified Water mg 2.365518 x 2.36551770267 Organic substances, unspecified Water µg 248.2333 x 248.233339168 Phenol Water µg 1.693827 x 1.69382749169 Phosphate Water µg 10.22137 x 10.2213727970 Sodium, ion Water ng 467.2628 x 467.26275671 Solved solids Water mg 101.6296 x 101.6296494

SimaPro 7. Inventory Date: 12/4/2009 Time: 12:54:51 PMProject Biodiesel LCI

Title: Analyzing 1 tkm 'Trailer diesel FAL'Method: TRACI 2 V3.01Per sub-co NoDefault unitNoIndicator: InventoryRelative moNon

No Substance CompartmeUnit Total Trailer diesel FAL Destillate Fuel Oil (DFO) FAL72 Sulfate Water mg 3.008004 x 3.00800399273 Sulfuric acid Water µg 20.15071 x 20.1507063574 Suspended solids, unspecified Water mg 2.30711 x 2.30710985875 Zinc, ion Water µg 1.898255 x 1.89825494676 Waste, solid Waste mg 388.4122 x 388.4121659

Fleet Emissions Model

MOBILE6 - Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle Weight Classes(1)

Designation DescriptionGross Vehicle Weight (lb)

Class 2B Light heavy-duty diesel trucks 8501-10,000Class 3 Light heavy-duty diesel trucks 10,001-14,000Class 4 Light heavy-duty diesel trucks 14,001-16,000Class 5 Light heavy-duty diesel trucks 16,001-19,500Class 6 Medium heavy-duty diesel trucks 19,501-26,000Class 7 Medium heavy-duty diesel trucks 26,001-33,000Class 8A Heavy heavy-duty diesel trucks 33,001-60,000Class 8B Heavy heavy-duty diesel trucks >60,000(1) From EPA420-R-02-005, Table 1.

MOBILE6 - Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption for Diesel Trucks, lb/bhp-hr (1)

2B 3 4 5 6 7 8a 8b1987 0.55 0.538 0.495 0.46 0.437 0.4 0.401 0.391 0.51 0.42 0.401988 0.544 0.532 0.493 0.46 0.435 0.399 0.4 0.389 0.51 0.42 0.391989 0.539 0.526 0.491 0.46 0.433 0.398 0.399 0.387 0.50 0.42 0.391990 0.533 0.521 0.489 0.459 0.431 0.397 0.397 0.384 0.50 0.41 0.391991 0.528 0.515 0.487 0.459 0.429 0.396 0.396 0.382 0.50 0.41 0.391992 0.523 0.509 0.485 0.458 0.427 0.395 0.395 0.38 0.49 0.41 0.391993 0.518 0.504 0.483 0.458 0.425 0.394 0.394 0.378 0.49 0.41 0.391994 0.512 0.498 0.481 0.458 0.423 0.393 0.392 0.376 0.49 0.41 0.381995 0.507 0.493 0.479 0.457 0.422 0.392 0.391 0.374 0.48 0.41 0.381996 0.502 0.487 0.477 0.457 0.42 0.391 0.39 0.372 0.48 0.41 0.38

(1) From EPA420-R-02-005, Table 10.

MOBILE6 - Brake Specific Emissions Factors for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles, g/bhp-hr(1)

NOx PM CO HC1988 Light Heavy Duty 4.34 0.44 1.21 0.641990 Light Heavy Duty 4.85 0.38 1.81 0.521991 Light Heavy Duty 4.38 0.23 0.4 0.471994 Light Heavy Duty 4.08 0.09 1.19 0.261998 Light Heavy Duty 3.26 0.09 1.19 0.262004 Light Heavy Duty 1.63 0.08 1.19 0.261988 Medium Heavy Duty 6.43 0.44 1.7 0.661990 Medium Heavy Duty 4.85 0.38 1.81 0.521991 Medium Heavy Duty 4.53 0.2 1.26 0.41994 Medium Heavy Duty 4.61 0.08 0.85 0.311998 Medium Heavy Duty 3.69 0.08 0.85 0.312004 Medium Heavy Duty 1.84 0.08 0.85 0.311988 Heavy Heavy Duty 6.28 0.44 1.34 0.471990 Heavy Heavy Duty 4.85 0.38 1.81 0.521991 Heavy Heavy Duty 4.56 0.21 1.82 0.31994 Heavy Heavy Duty 4.61 0.08 1.07 0.221998 Heavy Heavy Duty 3.68 0.08 1.07 0.222004 Heavy Heavy Duty 1.84 0.08 1.07 0.22

(1) From EPA420-R-99-010, Table 16, 17, 18, 19.

MOBILE6 - In-Use Deterioration Factors for Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles, g/bhp-hr/10,000 mi(1)

NOx PM CO HC1988 Light Heavy Duty 0.002 0.001 0.022 0.0021990 Light Heavy Duty 0.011 0 0.012 0.0011991 Light Heavy Duty 0.003 0 0.004 0.0011994 Light Heavy Duty 0.001 0 0.003 0.0011998 Light Heavy Duty 0.001 0 0.003 0.0012004 Light Heavy Duty 0.001 0 0.003 0.0011988 Medium Heavy Duty 0.009 0.002 0.018 0.0021990 Medium Heavy Duty 0.006 0 0.007 0.0011991 Medium Heavy Duty 0.007 0.001 0.01 0.0011994 Medium Heavy Duty 0.001 0.001 0.009 0.0011998 Medium Heavy Duty 0.001 0 0.009 0.0012004 Medium Heavy Duty 0.001 0 0.009 0.0011988 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.01 0.001 0.008 0.0011990 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.004 0 0.005 01991 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.004 0 0.003 01994 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.003 0 0.004 0.0011998 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.003 0 0.004 0.0012004 Heavy Heavy Duty 0.003 0 0.004 0.001

(1) From EPA420-R-99-010, Table 16, 17, 18, 19.

Average Classes 8a-8b

(2) Average are calculated because emissions factors are only given by Light Heavy Duty (Classes 2B-5), Medium Heavy Duty (Classes 6-7) and Heavy Heavy Duty (Classes 8a-8b) groupings.

Model Year Weight ClassEmissions Factors

Model YearWeight Class Classes 2B-

5(2)Average Classes 6-7

Model Year Weight ClassDeterioration Factors

Fleet Emissions Model

Heavy Duty Trucks - Calculated Emissions and Deterioration Factors Per Gallon

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC1988 Light Heavy Duty 60.83 6.17 16.96 8.97 0.028 0.014 0.308 0.0281989 Light Heavy Duty 60.83 6.17 16.96 8.97 0.028 0.014 0.308 0.0281990 Light Heavy Duty 68.90 5.40 25.71 7.39 0.156 0.000 0.170 0.0141991 Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 0.043 0.000 0.057 0.0141992 Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 0.043 0.000 0.057 0.0141993 Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 0.043 0.000 0.057 0.0141994 Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151995 Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151996 Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151997 Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151998 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151999 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152000 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152001 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152002 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152003 Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152004 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152005 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152006 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152007 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152008 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0152009 Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 0.015 0.000 0.044 0.0151988 Medium Heavy Duty 109.63 7.50 28.99 11.25 0.153 0.034 0.307 0.0341989 Medium Heavy Duty 109.63 7.50 28.99 11.25 0.153 0.034 0.307 0.0341990 Medium Heavy Duty 83.29 6.53 31.08 8.93 0.103 0.000 0.120 0.0171991 Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 0.121 0.017 0.172 0.0171992 Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 0.121 0.017 0.172 0.0171993 Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 0.121 0.017 0.172 0.0171994 Medium Heavy Duty 80.34 1.39 14.81 5.40 0.017 0.017 0.157 0.0171995 Medium Heavy Duty 80.34 1.39 14.81 5.40 0.017 0.017 0.157 0.0171996 Medium Heavy Duty 80.34 1.39 14.81 5.40 0.017 0.017 0.157 0.0171997 Medium Heavy Duty 80.34 1.39 14.81 5.40 0.017 0.017 0.157 0.0171998 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0181999 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182000 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182001 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182002 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182003 Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182004 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182005 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182006 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182007 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182008 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0182009 Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 0.018 0.000 0.158 0.0181988 Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 0.180 0.018 0.144 0.0181989 Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 0.180 0.018 0.144 0.0181990 Heavy Heavy Duty 88.31 6.92 32.96 9.47 0.073 0.000 0.091 0.0001991 Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 0.073 0.000 0.055 0.0001992 Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 0.073 0.000 0.055 0.0001993 Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 0.073 0.000 0.055 0.0001994 Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 0.056 0.000 0.074 0.0191995 Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 0.056 0.000 0.074 0.0191996 Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 0.056 0.000 0.074 0.0191997 Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 0.056 0.000 0.074 0.0191998 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0191999 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192000 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192001 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192002 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192003 Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192004 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192005 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192006 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192007 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192008 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.0192009 Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 0.056 0.000 0.075 0.019

Det. Factors / Gal / 10000 miModel Year Weight Class

Emissions Factors Per Gallon

Fleet Emissions Model

NONROAD model Equipment Categories, BSFC, Emissions Factors and Deterioration Factors (units as indicated below)(1)

lb/bhp*hr2270002003 Pavers 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002003 Pavers 1980 50 0.412 9.63 1.10 5.94 0.99 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 164.72 18.82 101.60 16.93 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002003 Pavers 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002003 Pavers 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002003 Pavers 1980 100 0.371 9.63 1.10 5.94 0.99 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 182.93 20.89 112.83 18.81 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002003 Pavers 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002003 Pavers 1980 175 0.371 9.63 1.10 5.94 0.99 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 182.93 20.89 112.83 18.81 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002003 Pavers 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002003 Pavers 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002015 Rollers 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002015 Rollers 1980 50 0.412 8.81 0.96 4.74 0.84 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.70 16.42 81.08 14.37 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002015 Rollers 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002015 Rollers 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002015 Rollers 1980 100 0.371 8.81 0.96 4.74 0.84 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 167.35 18.24 90.04 15.96 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002015 Rollers 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002015 Rollers 1980 175 0.371 8.81 0.96 4.74 0.84 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 167.35 18.24 90.04 15.96 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002015 Rollers 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002015 Rollers 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002021 Paving Equipment 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002021 Paving Equipment 1980 50 0.412 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 178.41 18.82 120.42 18.13 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002021 Paving Equipment 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002021 Paving Equipment 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002021 Paving Equipment 1980 100 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 20.14 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002021 Paving Equipment 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002021 Paving Equipment 1980 175 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 20.14 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.89

Deterioration Factors g/gal/yearMinHPCategory CatName Model Emissions factors g/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/bhp*hr/year Emissions factors g/gal

Fleet Emissions Model

NONROAD model Equipment Categories, BSFC, Emissions Factors and Deterioration Factors (units as indicated below)(1)

lb/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/gal/yearMinHPCategory CatName Model Emissions factors g/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/bhp*hr/year Emissions factors g/gal2270002021 Paving Equipment 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002021 Paving Equipment 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002021 Paving Equipment 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1980 50 0.412 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 178.41 18.82 120.42 18.13 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002024 Surfacing Equipment 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1980 100 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 20.14 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002024 Surfacing Equipment 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1980 175 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.06 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 20.14 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002024 Surfacing Equipment 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002024 Surfacing Equipment 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002036 Excavators 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002036 Excavators 1980 50 0.412 10.19 1.10 3.98 0.52 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 174.30 18.82 68.08 8.89 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002036 Excavators 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002036 Excavators 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002036 Excavators 1980 100 0.371 10.19 1.10 3.98 0.52 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 193.56 20.89 75.60 9.88 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002036 Excavators 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002036 Excavators 1980 175 0.371 10.19 1.10 3.98 0.52 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 193.56 20.89 75.60 9.88 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002036 Excavators 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002036 Excavators 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002048 Graders 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002048 Graders 1980 50 0.412 9.10 0.77 2.91 1.15 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 155.66 13.17 49.78 19.67 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002048 Graders 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002048 Graders 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002048 Graders 1980 100 0.371 9.10 0.77 2.91 1.15 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 172.86 14.63 55.28 21.84 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.89

Fleet Emissions Model

NONROAD model Equipment Categories, BSFC, Emissions Factors and Deterioration Factors (units as indicated below)(1)

lb/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/gal/yearMinHPCategory CatName Model Emissions factors g/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/bhp*hr/year Emissions factors g/gal2270002048 Graders 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002048 Graders 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002048 Graders 1980 175 0.371 9.10 0.77 2.91 1.15 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 172.86 14.63 55.28 21.84 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002048 Graders 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002048 Graders 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1980 50 0.412 9.76 0.99 3.67 0.63 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 166.95 16.93 62.78 10.78 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1980 100 0.371 9.76 0.99 3.67 0.63 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 185.40 18.81 69.71 11.97 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1980 175 0.371 9.76 0.99 3.67 0.63 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 185.40 18.81 69.71 11.97 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1980 0 0.481 11.03 1.97 12.85 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 161.60 28.86 188.27 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1988 0 0.481 11.03 1.97 12.85 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 161.60 28.86 188.27 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1991 0 0.481 11.03 1.97 12.85 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 161.60 28.86 188.27 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1994 0 0.481 11.03 1.97 12.85 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 161.60 28.86 188.27 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1998 0 0.481 11.03 1.97 12.85 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 161.60 28.86 188.27 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 2004 0 0.481 6.30 0.99 10.80 1.92 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.24 14.49 158.21 28.12 0.35 6.93 1.60 0.542270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1980 50 0.481 10.59 1.78 11.57 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 155.16 26.08 169.52 50.40 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1988 50 0.481 7.61 1.42 8.97 2.27 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.50 20.80 131.42 33.26 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1991 50 0.481 7.61 1.42 8.97 2.27 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.50 20.80 131.42 33.26 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1994 50 0.481 7.61 1.42 8.97 2.27 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.50 20.80 131.42 33.26 0.35 6.93 2.71 0.692270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1998 50 0.481 6.18 0.93 6.08 1.20 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.55 13.63 89.08 17.58 0.35 6.93 1.48 0.532270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 2004 50 0.481 5.39 0.56 6.08 0.91 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.94 8.23 89.08 13.36 0.18 6.93 1.48 0.502270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1980 100 0.433 10.59 1.78 11.57 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 172.36 28.97 188.31 55.99 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1988 100 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1991 100 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1994 100 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1998 100 0.433 6.24 0.55 2.23 0.78 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.56 8.95 36.29 12.69 0.39 7.70 1.64 0.592270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 2004 100 0.433 4.86 0.40 2.23 0.78 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.16 6.48 36.29 12.69 0.20 7.70 1.64 0.562270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1980 175 0.433 10.59 1.78 11.57 3.44 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 172.36 28.97 188.31 55.99 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1988 175 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1991 175 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1994 175 0.433 9.25 0.79 6.94 1.56 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.55 12.86 112.95 25.39 0.39 7.70 3.01 0.762270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 1998 175 0.433 6.15 0.50 1.92 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.09 8.14 31.25 11.56 0.39 7.70 1.64 0.592270002072 Skid Steer Loaders 2004 175 0.433 4.76 0.31 1.92 0.71 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.44 5.01 31.25 11.56 0.20 7.70 1.64 0.562270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1980 50 0.412 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.05 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 178.41 18.82 120.42 17.96 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270002081 Other Construction Equipment 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.59

Fleet Emissions Model

NONROAD model Equipment Categories, BSFC, Emissions Factors and Deterioration Factors (units as indicated below)(1)

lb/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/gal/yearMinHPCategory CatName Model Emissions factors g/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/bhp*hr/year Emissions factors g/gal2270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1980 100 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.05 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 19.95 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002081 Other Construction Equipment 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1980 175 0.371 10.43 1.10 7.04 1.05 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 198.12 20.89 133.73 19.95 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270002081 Other Construction Equipment 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270002081 Other Construction Equipment 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270003020 Forklifts 1980 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1988 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1991 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1994 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1998 0 0.412 9.48 1.23 7.65 1.57 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 162.16 21.04 130.85 26.86 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 2004 0 0.412 5.41 0.62 6.43 0.88 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 92.57 10.57 109.92 15.00 0.41 8.09 1.87 0.632270003020 Forklifts 1980 50 0.412 13.27 1.23 4.64 1.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 226.98 21.04 79.37 20.01 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1988 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1991 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1994 50 0.412 6.54 0.89 5.34 1.03 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 111.87 15.22 91.34 17.62 0.41 8.09 3.16 0.802270003020 Forklifts 1998 50 0.412 5.30 0.58 3.62 0.54 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 90.66 9.92 61.92 9.24 0.41 8.09 1.73 0.622270003020 Forklifts 2004 50 0.412 4.62 0.35 3.62 0.41 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.03 5.95 61.92 7.05 0.21 8.09 1.73 0.592270003020 Forklifts 1980 100 0.371 13.27 1.23 4.64 1.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 252.07 23.36 88.14 22.22 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1988 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1991 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1994 100 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1998 100 0.371 5.36 0.34 1.33 0.35 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 101.82 6.46 25.26 6.65 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270003020 Forklifts 2004 100 0.371 4.18 0.24 1.33 0.35 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 79.32 4.63 25.26 6.65 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270003020 Forklifts 1980 175 0.371 13.27 1.23 4.64 1.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 252.07 23.36 88.14 22.22 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1988 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1991 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1994 175 0.371 7.94 0.49 4.13 0.71 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 150.82 9.31 78.45 13.49 0.46 8.98 3.51 0.892270003020 Forklifts 1998 175 0.371 5.28 0.31 1.14 0.32 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 100.30 5.89 21.65 6.08 0.46 8.98 1.92 0.682270003020 Forklifts 2004 175 0.371 4.09 0.19 1.14 0.32 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 77.65 3.61 21.65 6.08 0.23 8.98 1.92 0.652270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1980 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1988 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1991 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1994 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1998 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 2004 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 2.10 0.712270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1980 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1988 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1991 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1994 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1998 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 2004 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.662270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1980 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1988 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1991 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1994 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1998 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 2004 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.662270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1980 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1988 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1991 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1994 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 1998 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical) 2004 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.662270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1980 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1988 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1991 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1994 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1998 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 2004 0 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.109 0.037 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 2.10 0.712270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1980 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1988 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.90

Fleet Emissions Model

NONROAD model Equipment Categories, BSFC, Emissions Factors and Deterioration Factors (units as indicated below)(1)

lb/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/gal/yearMinHPCategory CatName Model Emissions factors g/bhp*hr Deterioration Factors g/bhp*hr/year Emissions factors g/gal2270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1991 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1994 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1998 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 2004 50 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.662270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1980 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1988 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1991 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1994 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1998 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 2004 100 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.662270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1980 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1988 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1991 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1994 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.185 0.047 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 3.55 0.902270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 1998 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.024 0.473 0.101 0.036 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.46 9.08 1.94 0.692270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 2004 175 0.367 4.10 0.13 0.76 0.17 0.012 0.473 0.101 0.034 78.73 2.50 14.59 3.26 0.23 9.08 1.94 0.66

Fleet Emissions Model

District 8 Diesel Equipment Fleet Emissions Categories(1)

PennDOT Equipment Class Emissions Vehicle Type Subtype Subtype Description06 - CLEANER OR 2270003030 Sweepers/Scrubbers08 - COMPRESSOR OR 2270006015 Light Commercial Air Compressors12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB HT 8500 Light Heavy Duty13 - CREW CAB HT 8500 Light Heavy Duty15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP HT 33000 Heavy Heavy Duty18 - EXCAVATOR OR 2270002036 Excavators19 - FORKLIFT OR 2270003020 Forklifts20 - GENERATOR OR 2270006005 Light Commercial Generator Sets21 - GRADER OR 2270002048 Graders23 - HEATER OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment25 - KETTLE OR 2270002021 Paving Equipment26 - LIGHT OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment27 - LOADER OR 2270002060 Rubber Tire Loaders29 - MILLING OR 2270002024 Paving Equipment31 - MOWER OR 2270004011 Lawn mowers (Commerical)33 - PAINT MACHINE OR 2270002024 Surfacing Equipment34 - PAVER OR 2270002003 Pavers36 - PICK UP HT 8500 Light Heavy Duty37 - POST DRIVER HT 33000 Heavy Heavy Duty40 - PUMP OR 2270006010 Light Commercial Pumps44 - SAW OR 2270000039 Concrete/Industrial Saws46 - SNOW BLOWER OR 2270004036 Snowblowers (Commercial)53 - SWEEPER OR 2270003030 Sweepers/Scrubbers54 - TRACTOR OR 2270002075 Off-Highway Tractors55 - TRACTOR MOWER OR 2270004056 Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia56 - TRACTOR TRUCK HT 33000 Heavy Heavy Duty57 - TRAILER OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment60 - VAN HT 8500 Light Heavy Duty62 - WELDING MACHINE OR 2270006025 Light Commercial Welders63 - WIDENER OR 2270002024 Paving Equipment64 - WOOD CHIPPER OR 2270004066 Other Construction Equipment68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment72 - TANK OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment94 - SPECIAL PURPOSE OR 2270002081 Other Construction Equipment95 - STONE CHIPPER OR 2270002024 Surfacing EquipmentA1 - TANDEM DUMP HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA2 - BRIDGE INSPECTION HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA4 - TRI AXLE DUMP HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA5 - FUEL HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA6 - DISTRIBUTOR HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA7 - PONY HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA8 - PAINT MACHINE HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyA9 - PATCHER OR 2270002024 Surfacing EquipmentB1 - BELT OR 2270002054 Crushing/Proc. EquipmentB2 - SKID STEER OR 2270002072 Skid Steer LoadersB3 - VACUUM OR 2270002081 Other Construction EquipmentB5 - UTILITY HT 19500 Medium Heavy DutyB7 - ROAD PATCHER HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyB9 - DUMP-UTILITY HT 19500 Medium Heavy DutyBU - GENERAL PURPOSE HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyC2 - PATCH ROLLER OR 2270002024 Paving EquipmentD1 - ANTI-ICING HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyD2 - SHADOW VEHICLE HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyD4 - SHOP SUPPORT HT 19500 Medium Heavy DutyD6 - BROOM TRUCK HT 2270003030 Sweepers/ScrubbersD7 - MOBILE SERVICE VEHICLE HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyD8 - AERIAL LIFT HT 19500 Medium Heavy DutyDI - PAINT SUPPLY HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyDN - PLATFORM HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyEP - STONE CHIP HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyET - TRACK EXCAVATOR OR 2270002036 ExcavatorsFO - WATER HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyII - MULTI-BODY HT 33000 Heavy Heavy DutyIZ - GENERAL PURPOSE W/CRANE HT 19500 Medium Heavy DutyRA - PAVING ROLLER OR 2270002015 RollersRP - PATCH ROLLER OR 2270002015 RollersRT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER OR 2270002015 RollersRW - THREE WHEEL ROLLER OR 2270002015 RollersTE - EXCAVATOR TRACK SMALL OR 2270002036 Excavators

(1) Based on vehicle capacity information obtained from PennDOT.

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculation of Fleet CO2 Emissions, All Vehicles(1)

Total fuel consumption 3378018 gallonsWeight of diesel fuel 7.11 lb/galDiesel fuel carbon content 87 % by massExhaust CO2 / Fuel C weight ratio 3.67 unitlesslb CO2 emitted per gallon 22.68 lb/galkg CO2 emitted per gallon 10.29 kg/galShort tons CO2 emitted by fleet 38308.2 tons CO2(1) Includes C in CO and VOC in accordance with GREET model.

Calculation of Fleet SO2 Emissions, All Vehicles(2)

Total fuel consumption 3378018 gallonsWeight of diesel fuel 7.11 lb/galDiesel fuel sulfur content 15 ppmExhaust SO2 / Fuel S weight ratio 2.00 unitlessFraction of S converted to PM 0.02247 unitlesslb SO2 emitted per gallon 0.00021 lb/galg SO2 emitted per gallon 0.095 g/galShort tons SO2 emitted by fleet 0.35217 tons SO2(2) Following method established in EPA 420-P04-009

PM Adjustment Due to Fuel Sulfur Content for Nonroad Engines(3)

Fraction of S converted to PM 0.02247 unitlessNONROAD default diesel sulfur 3300 ppmActual diesel fuel sulfur content 15 ppmDifference from default sulfur -3285 ppmPM to Fuel S weight ratio 7 unitlessDifference in PM weight ratio -0.00052 unitlessWeight of diesel fuel 7.11 lb/galDifference in PM from NONROAD -1.6664 g/gal(3) Following method established in EPA 420-P04-009

Calculation of Fleet CH4 Emissions, All Vehicles(4)

GREET Model HC Emissions for Heavy Heavy Duty Diesel Truck (HHD) 33.6707 g/MMBtuGREET Model CH4 Emissions HHD 1.55703 g/MMBtuGREET Ratio of CH4 to HC 0.04624 unitlessPennDOT Average HC Emissions 4.63 g/galCalculated Average CH4 Emissions 0.214 g/gal

Calculation of Fleet CH4 Emissions, All Vehicles(5)

(4) Assumes ratio of CH4 to HC equal to ratio of GREET Model factors for HHD trucks used in fuel transport

Fleet Emissions Model

GREET Model NOx Emissions for Heavy Heavy Duty Diesel Truck (HHD) 367.186 g/MMBtuGREET Model N2O Emissions HHD 2.00078 g/MMBtuGREET Ratio of N2O to NOx 0.00545 unitlessPennDOT Average NOx Emissions 54.91 g/galCalculated AverageN2O Emissions 0.299 g/gal(5) Assumes ratio of N2O to NOx equal to ratio of GREET Model factors for HHD trucks used in fuel transport

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HCP0013027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 34021 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.75 3.90 5359.7 285 14 208 45 285 14 210 46P0013377 2006 ET - TRACK EXCAVATOR 175 25% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 4.93 22.35 3.99 1946.1 234 12 93 17 235 21 96 17P0015046 2001 B2 - SKID STEER 175 80% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.41 12.63 32.56 12.02 780.1 172 11 54 20 173 22 56 21P0015050 2001 B2 - SKID STEER 175 80% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.41 12.63 32.56 12.02 283.8 63 4 20 7 63 8 20 8P0018047 2008 27 - LOADER 175 7% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 662.4 80 4 32 6 80 5 32 6P0019083 1994 BU - GENERAL PURPOSE 100% 105576 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.94 1.48 20.59 4.27 2089.9 393 7 91 19 396 7 95 20P0019413 1993 FO - WATER 100% 9554 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.42 3.84 33.32 5.48 1067.1 196 9 78 13 196 9 78 13P0021259 1999 68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP 175 83% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.71 23.25 6.65 21 5 0 1 0 5 1 1 0P0023027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 46581 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.81 3.91 6473.8 344 17 251 55 345 17 254 56P0024619 1980 23 - HEATER 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0026613 1980 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 178.41 17.15 120.42 18.13 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0026988 1997 29 - MILLING 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 2272.4 502 21 108 30 505 66 118 34P0031259 2001 68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP 175 67% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0032436 1987 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 10.3 4 0 2 0 4 1 2 0P0032446 1997 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 80% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 158.2 35 1 8 2 35 4 8 2P0033624 1995 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 33.6 8 1 7 1 8 2 7 1P0036360 2002 29 - MILLING 175 70% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.51 23.00 6.56 2467.9 546 23 118 33 547 57 125 36P0036917 1980 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0039083 1996 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 100% 222821 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.59 1.48 21.46 4.49 7561.9 1423 25 330 68 1444 25 358 75P0041257 1990 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0043377 2007 TE - EXCAVATOR TRACK SMALL 175 17% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 3400.5 410 20 162 29 410 31 166 30P0044619 1980 23 - HEATER 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0043731 1980 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 100% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0045048 1992 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 150.55 11.19 112.95 25.39 150.94 18.89 115.96 26.15 106.3 35 3 26 6 35 4 27 6P0046360 2002 29 - MILLING 175 70% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.51 23.00 6.56 3130.8 692 29 149 42 694 73 159 45P0052054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 1704 377 16 81 23 378 38 86 25P0053377 2007 TE - EXCAVATOR TRACK SMALL 175 17% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 1767.7 213 10 84 15 213 16 86 15P0058076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 40148 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.90 1.49 20.27 4.18 2657.4 402 9 117 24 404 9 119 24P0061259 2007 68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP 175 17% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0062069 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 240 100% 99420 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.98 8.11 25.58 8.65 815.4 203 14 43 15 207 15 46 16P0063373 2007 TE - EXCAVATOR TRACK SMALL 175 17% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 999.7 120 6 48 8 121 9 49 9P0063626 1998 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 797.3 176 7 38 11 177 23 41 12P0067053 1993 63 - WIDENER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 4 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0P0068076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 55661 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.99 1.49 20.38 4.21 4429.7 671 15 195 40 674 15 199 41P0069820 1996 D6 - BROOM TRUCK 87% 49256 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.63 1.48 20.18 4.16 3223.7 607 11 141 29 609 11 143 30P0071259 2008 68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP 175 8% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.43 21.89 3.90 7.3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P0072073 2001 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 67% 59274 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.41 4.22 6914.7 1047 23 304 63 1052 23 311 64P0073430 1986 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 118.9 44 4 24 4 44 7 25 4P0073626 1998 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 598.6 132 6 29 8 133 17 31 9P0076377 2008 ET - TRACK EXCAVATOR 175 8% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.43 21.89 3.90 883.6 106 5 42 8 106 7 43 8P0077053 1993 63 - WIDENER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 43.8 15 1 8 1 15 2 8 1P0078042 2008 63 - WIDENER 175 10% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.58 21.93 3.91 29.7 4 0 1 0 4 0 1 0P0082073 2001 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 67% 58207 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.00 1.49 20.40 4.21 7146.9 1082 24 315 65 1087 24 321 66P0083731 1980 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 100% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0084612 1998 23 - HEATER 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0089068 1998 A2 - BRIDGE INSPECTION 100% 37671 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.88 1.49 20.25 4.18 6159.3 933 20 271 56 935 20 275 57P0094362 1992 34 - PAVER 175 100% 0 OR Pavers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 200.6 67 3 35 6 67 7 36 6P0103376 2005 ET - TRACK EXCAVATOR 175 33% 0 OR Excavators 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.89 4.65 22.29 6.30 1886.9 311 7 90 25 312 19 93 26P0103630 1993 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 411.6 102 12 83 16 102 20 86 17P0106917 1980 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 198.5 34 0 6 1 35 4 8 2P0109820 2003 D6 - BROOM TRUCK 40% 29029 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.84 1.49 20.18 4.16 8931.1 1352 29 393 81 1355 29 397 82P0113372 2003 ET - TRACK EXCAVATOR 175 50% 0 OR Excavators 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.77 6.44 22.61 6.41 1992.7 341 9 95 27 342 28 99 28P0113377 2009 ET - TRACK EXCAVATOR 175 0% 0 OR Excavators 49.58 2.51 21.65 3.61 49.58 2.51 21.65 3.61 44 5 0 2 0 5 0 2 0P0115048 1992 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 150.55 11.19 112.95 25.39 150.94 18.89 115.96 26.15 81.9 27 2 20 5 27 3 21 5P0123430 1989 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 839 279 14 145 25 280 31 152 27P0124362 1992 34 - PAVER 175 100% 0 OR Pavers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 126.8 42 2 22 4 42 5 23 4P0125050 2008 B2 - SKID STEER 175 10% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 54.39 4.42 31.25 7.31 54.41 5.19 31.49 7.35 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0127053 1998 63 - WIDENER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 158.7 35 1 8 2 35 5 8 2P0129803 #N/A 50 - SPREADER #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0131527 1980 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0134362 1992 34 - PAVER 175 100% 0 OR Pavers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 224.1 75 4 39 7 75 8 40 7P0135050 2008 B2 - SKID STEER 175 10% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 54.39 4.42 31.25 7.31 54.41 5.19 31.49 7.35 3.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0137053 2000 63 - WIDENER 175 90% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.71 12.31 23.38 6.69 217.8 48 2 10 3 48 6 11 3P0139803 #N/A 50 - SPREADER #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0141527 1980 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0147053 2000 63 - WIDENER 175 90% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.71 12.31 23.38 6.69 109 24 1 5 1 24 3 6 2P0149803 #N/A 50 - SPREADER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0151539 2000 94 - SPECIAL PURPOSE 175 90% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.71 12.31 23.38 6.69 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0154437 1992 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 11.6 4 0 2 0 4 0 2 0P0159803 #N/A 50 - SPREADER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0162258 2003 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 60% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.01 6.28 15.76 3.68 292.8 51 1 9 2 51 4 10 2P0164917 2001 54 - TRACTOR 175 100% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0165610 1992 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 87.6 29 1 15 3 29 3 16 3P0165812 1992 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 206.3 69 3 36 6 69 8 37 7P0171519 1988 06 - CLEANER 50 100% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 119.18 10.77 60.28 17.10 119.60 18.94 63.48 17.91 261.4 69 6 35 10 69 11 37 10P0173626 2003 A9 - PATCHER 175 60% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.79 7.33 22.81 6.47 497.5 85 2 24 7 85 8 25 7P0175812 1992 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 248.4 83 4 43 7 83 9 45 8P0184673 2005 21 - GRADER 175 27% 0 OR Graders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 2625.3 433 10 125 35 433 23 128 36P0191535 1984 06 - CLEANER 50 100% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 241.82 15.61 52.34 19.35 242.23 23.78 55.53 20.16 184.4 98 6 21 8 98 10 23 8P0193617 1993 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 364.2 90 11 73 14 90 17 76 15P0197053 2002 63 - WIDENER 175 70% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.51 23.00 6.56 94.8 21 1 5 1 21 2 5 1P0203617 1993 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 323.5 80 10 65 13 80 15 67 13P0203624 1998 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 1829.1 366 33 250 37 367 66 257 40P0205610 1992 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 269.7 90 5 47 8 90 10 49 9P0205635 2003 33 - PAINT MACHINE 175 60% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.79 7.33 22.81 6.47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0213430 1989 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 263 87 4 45 8 88 10 48 8P0213624 1999 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 439.2 88 8 60 9 88 16 62 10P0215812 1993 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 403.9 134 7 70 12 135 15 73 13P0217053 2002 63 - WIDENER 175 70% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.51 23.00 6.56 56.8 13 1 3 1 13 1 3 1P0226678 1983 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 579.1 221 17 71 28 221 28 75 29P0226917 2002 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 88% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.13 8.78 16.29 3.87 279.1 48 1 9 2 49 5 10 2P0232054 1998 27 - LOADER 175 73% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 821.1 182 8 39 11 182 20 42 12P0234437 1993 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 244.8 81 4 42 7 82 9 44 8P0242054 1998 27 - LOADER 175 73% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 2820 624 26 135 38 626 67 143 41P0244437 1993 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 26 9 0 4 1 9 1 5 1P0254437 1994 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 8.3 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 0P0271434 1987 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P0275057 1994 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 150.55 11.19 112.95 25.39 150.94 18.89 115.96 26.15 530.1 176 13 132 30 176 22 136 31P0281434 1987 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0281525 1998 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0281535 1987 06 - CLEANER 50 100% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 241.82 15.61 52.34 19.35 242.23 23.78 55.53 20.16 41.5 22 1 5 2 22 2 5 2P0286678 1983 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 727.9 277 21 89 35 278 35 94 36P0291434 1987 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0291525 2000 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0292505 1989 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 565.5 188 10 98 17 189 21 102 18P0295615 1983 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 178.41 17.15 120.42 18.13 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.94 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0301525 2000 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 8.5 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P0308053 2006 63 - WIDENER 175 30% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 5.38 22.49 4.02 674.7 81 4 32 6 81 8 33 6P0312430 1992 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 307 102 5 53 9 102 11 55 10P0318053 2006 63 - WIDENER 175 30% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 5.38 22.49 4.02 634.4 76 4 30 5 77 8 31 6P0321975 1996 34 - PAVER 175 100% 0 OR Pavers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 593.7 131 6 28 8 132 17 31 9P0327053 2006 63 - WIDENER 175 30% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 5.38 22.49 4.02 132.8 16 1 6 1 16 2 7 1P0329947 2000 D6 - BROOM TRUCK 60% 28334 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.83 1.49 20.18 4.16 3066.3 464 10 135 28 465 10 136 28P0332073 2001 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 67% 70246 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.07 1.49 20.49 4.24 5254.9 796 17 231 48 800 17 237 49P0338077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 18661 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.11 4.14 4868.2 369 16 214 44 370 16 216 44P0342430 1994 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 293.3 98 5 51 9 98 11 53 9P0344673 2007 21 - GRADER 175 13% 0 OR Graders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 591.9 71 4 28 5 71 5 29 5P0348077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 23629 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 7416.1 561 24 326 67 564 24 329 68P0351682 1988 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 554 184 9 96 16 185 20 100 18P0351975 2004 34 - PAVER 175 50% 0 OR Pavers 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.77 6.44 22.61 6.41 3730.8 639 16 178 50 640 53 186 53P0355057 1994 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 150.55 11.19 112.95 25.39 150.94 18.89 115.96 26.15 390.1 129 10 97 22 130 16 100 22P0358077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 10139 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 3377.3 256 11 149 31 256 11 149 31P0361975 2005 34 - PAVER 175 40% 0 OR Pavers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.90 5.25 22.42 6.34 1112 183 4 53 15 184 13 55 16P0368077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 14779 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.42 1.49 20.08 4.13 3745.5 284 12 165 34 284 12 166 34P0372505 1989 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 486.2 162 8 84 14 162 18 88 15P0378077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 12835 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.06 4.13 3457.3 262 11 152 31 262 11 153 31P0381444 1998 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 85% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.82 23.28 6.66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0381975 2006 34 - PAVER 175 30% 0 OR Pavers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 5.38 22.49 4.02 2118.3 255 13 101 18 255 25 105 19P0385610 1993 68 - EROSION CONTROL EQUIP 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P0388077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 19687 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.11 4.14 4981.3 377 16 219 45 378 16 221 45P0391444 1998 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 85% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.82 23.28 6.66 1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0391535 2004 06 - CLEANER 50 63% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 84.29 3.27 40.94 6.91 84.42 8.38 42.03 7.28 329.4 61 2 30 5 61 6 31 5P0391975 2007 34 - PAVER 175 20% 0 OR Pavers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 2975.8 359 18 142 25 359 29 146 26P0392054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 1773.7 392 17 85 24 393 40 90 26P0393617 1995 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 1186.5 293 35 239 46 294 57 247 48P0397053 2007 63 - WIDENER 175 20% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 12.5 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P0398077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 15769 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.09 4.13 6596.9 499 22 290 60 501 22 292 60P0401535 2005 06 - CLEANER 50 50% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 84.29 3.27 40.94 6.91 84.39 7.36 41.81 7.21 313.3 58 2 28 5 58 5 29 5P0402054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 886.4 196 8 42 12 197 20 45 13P0408077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 19972 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 5823.4 441 19 256 53 442 19 258 53P0412054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 1326.8 293 12 63 18 294 30 67 19P0418077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 24369 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 6216.2 471 20 274 56 472 20 276 57P0422054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 1338.1 296 12 64 18 297 30 68 19P0427053 2008 63 - WIDENER 175 10% 0 OR Paving Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.58 21.93 3.91 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0428077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 22305 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 5238.2 397 17 231 47 398 17 233 48P0438077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 15527 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.42 1.49 20.08 4.13 5143.1 389 17 226 47 390 17 228 47P0451430 1993 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0455808 1985 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 513.7 224 22 151 23 225 32 155 24P0461430 1993 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0471430 1993 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0472260 2005 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 40% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.82 4.46 15.37 3.53 202.4 35 0 7 1 35 2 7 2P0473610 1995 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 78.5 26 1 14 2 26 3 14 2P0483617 2001 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.07 16.35 63.65 9.85 925.2 185 17 126 19 186 33 130 20P0485057 1998 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.49 14.17 32.89 12.14 706.4 156 10 49 18 156 22 51 19P0493027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 35505 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.76 3.90 5767.1 306 15 224 49 307 15 226 50P0502260 2005 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 40% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.82 4.46 15.37 3.53 177.5 31 0 6 1 31 2 6 1P0504437 1997 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 80% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 285.6 63 3 14 4 63 7 15 4P0511973 1988 62 - WELDING MACHINE 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Welders 111.50 19.14 131.42 33.26 111.85 26.07 134.13 33.95 36.4 9 2 11 3 9 2 11 3P0514437 1998 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 73% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 114.3 25 1 5 2 25 3 6 2P0518076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 60232 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.42 4.22 5074.5 768 17 223 46 772 17 228 47P0524625 2008 23 - HEATER 50 11% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 55.25 2.44 42.68 3.69 55.27 3.34 42.95 3.75 7.8 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0P0528076 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 119474 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.34 1.49 20.86 4.33 6020.7 912 20 265 54 920 20 277 57P0531434 1993 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 38.5 13 1 7 1 13 1 7 1P0531437 1998 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 73% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 13.8 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 0P0533617 2002 25 - KETTLE 50 88% 0 OR Paving Equipment 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.02 15.33 63.43 9.78 1609 322 29 220 33 323 54 225 35P0538076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 89007 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.17 1.49 20.63 4.27 5388.2 816 18 237 49 822 18 245 51P0539060 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 244449 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 117.59 8.37 27.68 8.91 1777.8 444 31 95 33 461 33 108 35P0541434 1993 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 12.4 4 0 2 0 4 0 2 0P0542054 1999 27 - LOADER 175 67% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 858.6 190 8 41 12 190 19 43 12P0542505 1992 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 171.6 57 3 30 5 57 6 31 5P0543431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1234.5 204 5 59 17 204 11 60 17P0543617 2002 25 - KETTLE 50 88% 0 OR Paving Equipment 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 91.02 15.33 63.43 9.78 1411.5 282 26 193 29 283 48 197 30P0543625 2008 25 - KETTLE 50 13% 0 OR Paving Equipment 55.25 2.44 42.68 3.69 55.27 3.45 42.99 3.75 122.6 15 1 12 1 15 1 12 1P0548076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 52225 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.97 1.49 20.36 4.20 3743.7 567 12 165 34 569 12 168 35P0552250 1991 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 362.5 63 1 12 3 63 8 15 3P0552505 1992 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 314.3 105 5 54 9 105 12 57 10P0553431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 546.6 90 2 26 7 90 5 27 8P0553610 1996 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 398.7 88 4 19 5 89 12 21 6P0556025 2001 60 - VAN 100% 65043 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.31 1.33 17.89 3.94 2061.2 219 6 80 17 220 6 81 18P0558076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 89619 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.18 1.49 20.64 4.27 8626.9 1306 28 380 78 1316 28 392 81P0562260 2008 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 10% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.75 1.74 14.87 3.32 56.2 10 0 2 0 10 0 2 0P0562505 1992 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 418.9 139 7 72 12 140 15 76 13P0563431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1753.3 289 6 84 23 289 16 86 24P0568076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 43395 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.92 1.49 20.29 4.19 3715.2 562 12 164 34 564 12 166 34P0571434 2000 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 69% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.44 22.98 6.55 34.2 8 0 2 0 8 1 2 0P0572260 2008 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 10% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.75 1.74 14.87 3.32 7.5 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P0572505 1992 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 520 173 9 90 15 173 19 94 16P0576678 1983 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 651.8 248 19 79 31 249 32 84 33P0582260 2008 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 10% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.75 1.74 14.87 3.32 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0583430 1993 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 597.3 199 10 103 18 199 22 108 19P0586821 2002 53 - SWEEPER 175 47% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 107.15 3.13 14.40 5.95 107.36 7.37 15.31 6.28 13.9 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 0P0592251 1980 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 403.7 70 1 13 3 70 9 16 4P0599799 #N/A 50 - SPREADER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0605808 1991 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 23.4 8 0 4 1 8 1 4 1

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P0609799 #N/A 50 - SPREADER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0611528 1982 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 252.07 21.70 88.14 22.22 252.53 30.68 91.65 23.12 118.3 66 6 23 6 66 8 24 6P0624437 1999 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 67% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 421.7 93 4 20 6 94 9 21 6P0626025 2002 60 - VAN 100% 77058 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.94 3.96 3882.3 413 11 151 33 414 11 154 34P0626028 1997 60 - VAN 100% 68231 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.64 1.31 17.66 3.89 980 129 3 38 8 129 3 38 8P0626678 1985 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 722.2 275 21 88 35 276 35 94 36P0639076 2000 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 400 90% 115169 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.32 1.49 20.83 4.32 9873.9 1495 32 435 89 1509 32 453 94P0641431 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 8.1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P0649060 1988 A7 - PONY 100% 460616 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 121.48 8.76 30.79 9.30 228.4 57 4 12 4 61 4 16 5P0651431 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 13.8 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P0659076 2001 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 400 80% 71736 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.08 1.49 20.50 4.24 5645.1 855 19 249 51 860 19 255 53P0661528 1985 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 252.07 21.70 88.14 22.22 252.53 30.68 91.65 23.12 546.4 304 26 106 27 304 37 110 28P0662043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 828.6 137 3 40 11 137 7 40 11P0662073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 52618 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.97 1.49 20.36 4.20 4869.8 737 16 214 44 740 16 219 45P0669060 1988 D7 - MOBILE SERVICE VEHICLE 100% 69515 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.44 8.06 25.15 8.60 1211.3 302 21 64 23 306 22 67 23P0672073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 33965 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.86 1.49 20.22 4.17 5583.6 845 18 246 51 848 18 249 51P0678076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 86697 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.16 1.49 20.61 4.27 7844.2 1188 26 345 71 1196 26 356 74P0682434 2005 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 369.9 61 1 18 5 61 3 18 5P0683431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 773.1 128 3 37 10 128 7 38 11P0688076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 84037 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.14 1.49 20.60 4.26 8631.1 1307 28 380 78 1316 28 392 81P0692434 2008 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 7% 0 OR Rollers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 16.2 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P0693431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 987.8 163 4 47 13 163 9 48 14P0701958 2001 34 - PAVER 175 80% 0 OR Pavers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 2711.9 600 25 129 36 602 68 139 40P0703610 1999 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 348.4 77 3 17 5 77 10 18 5P0713027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 23192 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.70 3.88 4006.5 213 10 155 34 213 10 156 34P0713610 1999 A9 - PATCHER 175 100% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 117.3 26 1 6 2 26 3 6 2P0718076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 57483 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.00 1.49 20.40 4.21 7578.9 1147 25 334 69 1153 25 341 70P0721528 1985 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 252.07 21.70 88.14 22.22 252.53 30.68 91.65 23.12 174.3 97 8 34 9 97 12 35 9P0723027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 29721 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.73 3.89 4027.4 214 11 156 34 214 11 157 35P0726678 1985 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 802.4 306 23 98 39 307 39 104 40P0728076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 77215 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.11 1.49 20.54 4.25 8471.9 1283 28 373 77 1291 28 384 79P0733027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 31623 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.74 3.89 4620.8 246 12 179 39 246 12 181 40P0735972 1998 62 - WELDING MACHINE 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Welders 90.55 11.96 89.08 17.58 90.90 18.89 90.56 18.11 29.8 6 1 6 1 6 1 6 1P0736678 1985 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 691.9 264 20 84 33 264 33 90 35P0738076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 74637 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.09 1.49 20.52 4.24 6296.8 953 21 277 57 959 21 285 59P0738077 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 20819 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 5383.1 407 18 237 49 409 18 239 49P0743430 1997 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 80% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 734.6 162 7 35 10 163 18 38 11P0753430 1999 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 67% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 958.6 212 9 46 13 213 22 48 14P0753617 2004 25 - KETTLE 50 63% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.15 9.34 63.00 7.42 1182.6 206 11 161 18 206 24 164 19P0755808 2005 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 31% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.42 22.25 6.28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0763430 1999 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 67% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 934.8 207 9 45 13 207 21 47 13P0763610 2007 A9 - PATCHER 175 20% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 131.2 16 1 6 1 16 1 6 1P0765808 2005 95 - STONE CHIPPER 175 31% 0 OR Surfacing Equipment 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.42 22.25 6.28 926.5 153 3 44 12 153 9 45 13P0775057 2006 B2 - SKID STEER 175 30% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 54.39 4.42 31.25 7.31 54.44 6.73 31.96 7.44 686.5 82 7 47 11 82 10 48 11P0781528 1986 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 252.07 21.70 88.14 22.22 252.53 30.68 91.65 23.12 337 187 16 65 17 188 23 68 17P0782054 2000 27 - LOADER 175 60% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.57 9.61 22.81 6.49 2700.9 597 25 129 36 599 57 136 39P0782073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 59990 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.42 4.22 6034.1 914 20 266 55 918 20 272 56P0783431 2005 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 231.4 38 1 11 3 38 2 11 3P0791821 2007 B3 - VACUUM 175 10% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.58 21.93 3.91 112.7 14 1 5 1 14 1 5 1P0802043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1778.6 293 7 85 24 294 16 87 25P0822064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 79001 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.61 8.07 25.29 8.61 1973.4 492 34 105 37 499 35 110 37P0823027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 28976 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.73 3.89 3740.7 199 10 145 32 199 10 146 32P0825621 1991 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 786.7 194 24 158 31 195 38 164 32P0828839 1980 72 - TANK 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 198.12 19.23 133.73 19.95 198.58 28.21 137.24 20.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0833027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 27317 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.72 3.89 3387 180 9 131 29 180 9 132 29P0833617 2004 25 - KETTLE 50 63% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.15 9.34 63.00 7.42 786.2 137 7 107 12 137 16 109 13P0835621 1991 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 23.8 6 1 5 1 6 1 5 1P0851972 2005 62 - WELDING MACHINE 50 44% 0 OR Light Commercial Welders 78.94 6.57 89.08 13.36 79.02 9.65 89.74 13.59 22.8 4 0 4 1 4 0 5 1P0852430 2000 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 60% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.57 9.61 22.81 6.49 310.6 69 3 15 4 69 7 16 4P0858839 1980 72 - TANK 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 198.12 19.23 133.73 19.95 198.58 28.21 137.24 20.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0862505 1998 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 414.5 92 4 20 6 92 12 22 6P0863617 2005 25 - KETTLE 50 50% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.13 8.33 62.78 7.34 1701.1 296 16 232 26 297 31 235 28P0864437 2000 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 60% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.57 9.61 22.81 6.49 126.6 28 1 6 2 28 3 6 2P0872505 1998 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 919.7 203 9 44 12 204 27 48 14P0873617 2005 25 - KETTLE 50 50% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.13 8.33 62.78 7.34 1029.9 179 10 141 16 180 19 143 17P0878839 1980 72 - TANK 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 198.12 19.23 133.73 19.95 198.58 28.21 137.24 20.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0888839 1980 72 - TANK 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 198.12 19.23 133.73 19.95 198.58 28.21 137.24 20.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0902505 1998 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 363.3 80 3 17 5 81 11 19 5P0907028 2003 60 - VAN 100% 122679 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.39 1.33 18.14 4.03 3558.1 378 10 138 30 380 10 142 32P0922517 2001 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 44% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.93 4.87 15.46 3.57 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P0928079 1994 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 95302 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.89 1.48 20.52 4.25 2191.5 412 7 96 20 415 7 99 21P0933617 2005 25 - KETTLE 50 50% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.13 8.33 62.78 7.34 570.5 99 5 78 9 100 10 79 9P0943027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 30824 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.74 3.89 5273.1 280 14 205 45 281 14 206 45P0943617 2005 25 - KETTLE 50 50% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.13 8.33 62.78 7.34 757.6 132 7 103 12 132 14 105 12P0952505 1999 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 330.7 73 3 16 4 73 10 17 5P0953027 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 28055 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.72 3.89 9294.5 494 24 361 79 495 24 363 80P0953617 2005 25 - KETTLE 50 50% 0 OR Paving Equipment 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.13 8.33 62.78 7.34 846.7 148 8 116 13 148 16 117 14P0962430 2002 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 24.7 5 0 1 0 5 0 1 0P0972430 2002 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 101 22 1 5 1 22 2 5 1P0974517 2004 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 28% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.79 3.35 15.13 3.45 17.6 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 0P0976678 1985 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 970.9 370 28 118 47 371 47 126 49P0978076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 55050 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.98 1.49 20.38 4.21 3991 604 13 176 36 607 13 179 37P0982043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1894.4 312 7 90 25 313 17 93 26P0988076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 50817 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.96 1.49 20.35 4.20 5229.2 792 17 230 47 795 17 235 48P0992043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1066.6 176 4 51 14 176 10 52 15P1012505 2000 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 338.1 75 3 16 5 75 10 18 5P1017824 1984 53 - SWEEPER 175 100% 0 OR Sweepers/Scrubbers 268.83 17.54 58.18 21.51 269.30 26.62 61.74 22.41 12.9 8 0 2 1 8 1 2 1P1022256 1983 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 264.4 46 0 9 2 46 6 11 2P1022505 2000 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 457.2 101 4 22 6 102 13 24 7P1026678 1986 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 1004.8 383 29 122 48 384 49 130 50P1028077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 9925 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 3550.9 269 12 156 32 269 12 157 32P1033430 2002 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 519.3 115 5 25 7 115 10 26 7P1033627 2007 25 - KETTLE 50 25% 0 OR Paving Equipment 77.57 3.79 61.92 6.77 77.62 5.81 62.35 6.92 701.9 120 6 96 10 120 9 96 11P1034614 1986 23 - HEATER 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1038077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 6148 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.12 2200.3 167 7 97 20 167 7 97 20P1043430 2002 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1693.7 374 16 81 23 375 31 84 24P1046678 1986 21 - GRADER 175 100% 0 OR Graders 172.86 12.96 55.28 21.84 173.31 21.94 58.79 22.74 624.6 238 18 76 30 239 30 81 31

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P1047028 2004 60 - VAN 100% 82245 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.23 1.18 17.96 3.97 7396.4 393 19 287 63 395 19 293 65P1048076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 50808 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.96 1.49 20.35 4.20 3700.5 560 12 163 33 563 12 166 34P1057028 2004 60 - VAN 100% 55126 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.19 1.18 17.84 3.93 2886.6 153 8 112 24 154 8 114 25P1058076 2000 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 75% 47775 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.32 4.19 5384.2 815 18 237 49 818 18 241 50P1062440 1980 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 172 63 6 34 6 64 10 35 6P1064517 2005 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 22% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.78 2.85 15.02 3.41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1078043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 2889.3 477 11 138 39 477 26 141 40P1081430 2002 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 54% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.06 22.69 6.45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1082054 2000 27 - LOADER 175 60% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.57 9.61 22.81 6.49 1248.5 276 12 60 17 277 26 63 18P1082073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 66477 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.05 1.49 20.46 4.23 6779 1026 22 298 61 1032 22 306 63P1088043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1301.9 215 5 62 17 215 12 64 18P1091430 2002 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 54% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.06 22.69 6.45 0.9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1092073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 65701 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.04 1.49 20.46 4.23 5726.6 867 19 252 52 872 19 258 53P1112073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 38312 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.89 1.49 20.25 4.18 4397.5 666 14 194 40 668 14 196 40P1117028 2005 60 - VAN 80% 48714 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.82 3.92 5201.8 276 14 202 44 277 14 204 45P1119027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 28914 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.73 3.89 4791.1 255 12 186 41 255 12 187 41P1122054 2001 27 - LOADER 175 53% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 1354.7 300 13 65 18 300 27 68 19P1124517 2006 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 17% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.76 2.34 14.92 3.37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1129027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 26677 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.72 3.88 3864.6 205 10 150 33 206 10 151 33P1131528 1991 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 93.7 31 2 16 3 31 3 17 3P1136365 1994 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 100% 0 OR Excavators 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 3393.7 1128 57 587 101 1132 124 613 108P1137028 2005 60 - VAN 80% 43059 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.79 3.91 4163.6 221 11 162 35 222 11 163 36P1142054 2001 27 - LOADER 175 53% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 930.2 206 9 44 12 206 18 47 13P1147028 2005 60 - VAN 80% 44538 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.80 3.91 4555 242 12 177 39 243 12 179 39P1157028 2005 60 - VAN 80% 45649 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.80 3.91 3781.8 201 10 147 32 202 10 148 33P1162256 1983 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 333.6 58 1 11 2 58 7 13 3P1169033 1992 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 100% 50387 HT Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 78.69 3.53 22.59 6.98 1002.5 173 8 48 15 174 8 50 15P1172505 2001 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 1189.1 263 11 57 16 264 35 62 18P1182043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1543.5 255 6 74 21 255 14 75 21P1182505 2001 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 396.4 88 4 19 5 88 12 21 6P1183621 1997 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 349.8 86 10 70 14 87 17 73 14P1192043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1081.9 178 4 52 14 179 10 53 15P1194116 1988 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 70785 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.46 8.06 25.17 8.60 1745.1 435 31 93 33 440 31 97 33P1208043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 3234.3 534 12 154 43 534 29 158 45P1209060 2003 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 60% 29261 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.75 1.40 15.37 5.49 2727.3 389 8 90 33 389 8 92 33P1213621 1997 25 - KETTLE 50 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 681.2 168 20 137 26 169 33 142 28P1215369 1980 B1 - BELT 175 100% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 211.42 15.62 88.33 19.39 211.88 24.70 91.88 20.30 1093.2 510 38 213 47 511 60 221 49P1216365 1996 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 100% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 3489.1 771 32 167 47 775 102 181 52P1218043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 3250.5 536 12 155 44 537 29 159 45P1228043 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 4101.8 677 15 196 55 677 37 200 57P1261433 1981 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1262070 1988 EP - STONE CHIP 100% 108312 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.14 8.13 25.71 8.67 805.3 201 14 43 15 204 14 46 15P1262505 2003 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.88 10.93 23.57 6.73 425.6 73 2 20 6 73 10 22 6P1264678 2008 21 - GRADER 175 7% 0 OR Graders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1272505 2003 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.88 10.93 23.57 6.73 98.6 17 0 5 1 17 2 5 1P1283027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 39661 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.78 3.90 6043.6 321 16 234 51 322 16 237 52P1285028 2006 60 - VAN 60% 33426 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.75 3.89 3976.2 211 10 154 34 212 10 156 34P1291060 2003 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 60% 56567 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.80 1.40 15.80 5.53 5462.3 779 17 179 65 780 17 190 67P1293027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 25250 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.71 3.88 3195.9 170 8 124 27 170 8 125 27P1295028 2006 60 - VAN 60% 52583 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.83 3.92 5001.7 266 13 194 42 267 13 197 43P1301060 2003 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 60% 129917 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.93 1.40 16.95 5.66 13147.9 1875 41 432 158 1882 41 491 164P1302054 2001 27 - LOADER 175 53% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 1101.4 244 10 53 15 244 22 55 16P1303027 2007 13 - CREW CAB 325 25% 32620 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.74 3.89 4760.8 253 12 185 40 254 12 186 41P1304430 2002 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 162.8 36 2 8 2 36 3 8 2P1305028 2006 60 - VAN 60% 38071 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.77 3.90 3330.8 177 9 129 28 177 9 130 29P1311528 1995 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 334.5 111 6 58 10 112 12 60 11P1325683 #N/A C3 - MAINTAINER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 132.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1336365 1996 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 100% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 1419.9 314 13 68 19 315 41 74 21P1336430 2002 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 47% 0 OR Rollers 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 524.8 116 5 25 7 116 10 26 7P1352054 2001 27 - LOADER 175 53% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 1830.3 405 17 87 25 406 36 92 26P1356043 2006 54 - TRACTOR 175 20% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 614.3 74 4 29 5 74 6 30 5P1361527 1980 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 4.7 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P1361528 1995 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 124.9 42 2 22 4 42 5 23 4P1368077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 8553 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.03 4.12 2944.9 223 10 130 27 223 10 130 27P1378077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 8536 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.03 4.12 2700.1 204 9 119 24 205 9 119 25P1382505 2005 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 67% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.96 7.65 22.93 6.51 236.2 39 1 11 3 39 4 12 3P1384116 1988 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 8794 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 113.34 7.95 24.28 8.49 2420 604 42 129 45 605 42 130 45P1388077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 10183 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 3510.8 266 12 155 32 266 12 155 32P1392505 2005 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 67% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.96 7.65 22.93 6.51 465.1 77 2 22 6 77 8 24 7P1398077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 12664 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.06 4.13 3026.1 229 10 133 27 230 10 134 28P1402070 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 79426 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.61 8.07 25.30 8.61 1585.1 396 28 84 30 401 28 88 30P1406365 1999 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 83% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.71 23.25 6.65 3883.3 859 36 185 52 862 100 199 57P1408077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 9145 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 2376 180 8 105 22 180 8 105 22P1411527 1980 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 2.7 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0P1414116 1988 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 95035 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.90 8.10 25.52 8.64 2497.3 623 44 133 47 633 45 141 48P1418077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 9937 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 2574.1 195 8 113 23 195 8 114 23P1428077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 4901 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1621.1 123 5 71 15 123 5 71 15P1437028 2006 60 - VAN 60% 30266 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.73 3.89 3413.4 181 9 132 29 182 9 133 29P1438077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 12039 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.06 4.13 3961.7 300 13 174 36 300 13 175 36P1442054 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 2039.5 451 19 97 27 452 38 101 29P1448043 2006 27 - LOADER 175 20% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 1035 125 6 49 9 125 10 51 9P1448077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 12068 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.06 4.13 4298.6 325 14 189 39 326 14 190 39P1456365 1999 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 83% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.71 23.25 6.65 4334.8 958 40 207 58 962 112 222 64P1458077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 10761 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 3497.6 265 12 154 32 265 12 155 32P1462054 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1868.6 413 17 89 25 414 35 93 26P1466365 1999 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 83% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.68 11.71 23.25 6.65 4296.5 950 40 205 58 954 111 220 63P1468077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 6886 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.02 4.12 2688.7 204 9 118 24 204 9 119 24P1471528 1998 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 480.4 106 4 23 6 107 14 25 7P1472054 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 835.8 185 8 40 11 185 16 42 12P1472505 2007 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 33% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.71 5.68 22.58 4.03 80.4 10 0 4 1 10 1 4 1P1473621 2008 25 - KETTLE 50 13% 0 OR Paving Equipment 55.25 2.44 42.68 3.69 55.27 3.45 42.99 3.75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1478077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 11396 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 4371.2 331 14 192 40 332 14 193 40P1481528 1998 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 255 56 2 12 3 57 7 13 4P1482505 2007 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 33% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.71 5.68 22.58 4.03 378.4 46 2 18 3 46 5 19 3P1483064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 69768 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.44 8.06 25.16 8.60 330.1 82 6 18 6 83 6 18 6P1484116 1988 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 70571 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.46 8.06 25.17 8.60 2859.8 714 50 152 53 722 51 159 54P1485369 1983 B1 - BELT 175 100% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 211.42 15.62 88.33 19.39 211.88 24.70 91.88 20.30 679.3 317 23 132 29 317 37 138 30

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P1488077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 11626 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 3681.7 279 12 162 33 279 12 163 33P1498077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 7896 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.03 4.12 3169.4 240 10 140 29 240 10 140 29P1501528 1984 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 252.07 21.70 88.14 22.22 252.53 30.68 91.65 23.12 24.8 14 1 5 1 14 2 5 1P1502070 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 96371 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.92 8.10 25.54 8.64 1056.5 264 18 56 20 268 19 59 20P1508077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 7210 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.02 4.12 2727.4 206 9 120 25 207 9 120 25P1518077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 6594 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.02 4.12 2674.6 202 9 118 24 203 9 118 24P1522440 1982 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 35.6 13 1 7 1 13 2 7 1P1522505 2008 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 17% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 145 17 1 7 1 17 1 7 1P1528077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 10263 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 3789.6 287 12 167 34 287 12 167 34P1532505 2008 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 17% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 7.8 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P1538077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 12966 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.06 4.13 4676.1 354 15 206 42 355 15 207 43P1539027 2008 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 7% 4517 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 14.98 5.44 401.2 29 1 13 5 29 1 13 5P1541528 1999 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 116.4 26 1 6 2 26 3 6 2P1542505 2008 64 - WOOD CHIPPER 175 17% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.68 4.18 22.12 3.94 105.5 13 1 5 1 13 1 5 1P1546365 2001 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 67% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 4049.7 895 38 193 54 898 91 205 58P1548077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 13113 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.07 4.13 3771.5 285 12 166 34 286 12 167 34P1552029 1988 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 91383 HT Light Heavy Duty 60.83 6.17 16.96 8.97 61.09 6.30 19.78 9.23 704 94 10 26 14 95 10 31 14P1556365 2001 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 67% 0 OR Excavators 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 3216.7 711 30 154 43 713 72 163 46P1558077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 10444 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 3280.2 248 11 144 30 249 11 145 30P1568043 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 822 99 5 39 7 99 7 40 7P1568077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 9253 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 3164.5 240 10 139 29 240 10 140 29P1572440 1984 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 84.9 31 3 17 3 31 5 18 3P1576365 2003 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 50% 0 OR Excavators 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.77 6.44 22.61 6.41 4754.4 814 20 227 64 815 67 237 67P1582440 1984 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 173.2 64 6 34 6 64 10 36 6P1587028 2008 60 - VAN 20% 7568 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 920.3 49 2 36 8 49 2 36 8P1592070 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 240 100% 138509 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.68 8.18 26.15 8.72 1091.9 272 19 58 20 278 20 63 21P1598043 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 1747.1 210 10 83 15 211 15 85 15P1604116 1991 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 40184 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.64 3.84 33.49 5.48 3201.3 588 27 235 39 590 27 236 39P1606365 2003 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 50% 0 OR Excavators 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.77 6.44 22.61 6.41 3358.7 575 14 160 45 576 48 167 47P1611433 1983 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 1.3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P1614116 1991 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 93264 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 84.03 3.84 33.78 5.48 2800.3 515 24 205 34 519 24 209 34P1621528 2001 19 - FORKLIFT 175 100% 0 OR Forklifts 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.75 13.21 23.57 6.76 425.6 94 4 20 6 95 12 22 6P1622440 1985 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 201.6 74 7 40 7 75 11 42 7P1632054 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1880.3 416 18 90 25 417 35 93 27P1632256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 222.6 39 0 7 2 39 5 9 2P1634116 1991 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 56622 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.76 3.84 33.58 5.48 3155.8 580 27 231 38 583 27 234 38P1638076 2001 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 67% 67501 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.05 1.49 20.47 4.23 5525.7 837 18 243 50 841 18 249 52P1642054 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 3778.1 835 35 180 51 837 70 188 53P1642256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 376.4 65 1 12 3 66 8 15 3P1652054 2003 27 - LOADER 175 40% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.74 5.54 22.42 6.34 1100.8 188 5 53 15 189 13 54 15P1652256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 365.3 63 1 12 3 64 8 15 3P1656911 1980 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 15 3 0 0 0 3 0 1 0P1662256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 350.2 61 1 11 3 61 8 14 3P1672256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 125.8 22 0 4 1 22 3 5 1P1672440 1986 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 74.2 27 3 15 3 27 4 15 3P1682256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 208.3 36 0 7 1 36 5 8 2P1694116 1993 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 100% 43618 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.66 3.84 33.50 5.48 1905 350 16 140 23 351 16 141 23P1694430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 479.3 79 2 23 6 79 4 23 7P1702064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 84908 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.71 8.08 25.37 8.62 1038.8 259 18 55 19 263 19 58 20P1702256 1985 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 172 30 0 6 1 30 4 7 2P1704430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 446.4 74 2 21 6 74 4 22 6P1714430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 124.8 21 0 6 2 21 1 6 2P1722054 2003 27 - LOADER 175 40% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.74 5.54 22.42 6.34 1561.3 267 7 75 21 268 19 77 22P1746365 2005 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 33% 0 OR Excavators 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.89 4.65 22.29 6.30 5021.2 828 18 240 67 829 52 247 70P1774430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 150.7 25 1 7 2 25 1 7 2P1782070 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 240 100% 155876 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.99 8.21 26.40 8.75 259.9 65 5 14 5 66 5 15 5P1784430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 209.7 35 1 10 3 35 2 10 3P1794430 2005 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 27% 0 OR Rollers 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 167.2 28 1 8 2 28 1 8 2P1813027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 15120 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.67 3.87 2720.7 145 7 106 23 145 7 106 23P1823027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 17143 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.68 3.87 3122.3 166 8 121 26 166 8 122 27P1832054 2003 27 - LOADER 175 40% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.74 5.54 22.42 6.34 1000.6 171 4 48 13 171 12 49 14P1846365 2006 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 25% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.70 4.93 22.35 3.99 5406.1 651 32 258 46 652 59 266 48P1852073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 42570 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.91 1.49 20.29 4.18 6064.5 918 20 267 55 921 20 271 56P1858839 1980 72 - TANK 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 198.12 19.23 133.73 19.95 198.58 28.21 137.24 20.84 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P1862073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 40733 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.90 1.49 20.27 4.18 6059.8 917 20 267 55 920 20 271 56P1894116 2000 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 350 90% 32945 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.86 1.49 20.21 4.17 4234.4 641 14 186 38 643 14 189 39P1911528 2003 19 - FORKLIFT 175 75% 0 OR Forklifts 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.82 8.68 23.09 6.57 617.6 106 3 29 8 106 12 31 9P1922256 1986 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 98.2 17 0 3 1 17 2 4 1P1933036 1988 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 128381 HT Light Heavy Duty 60.83 6.17 16.96 8.97 61.19 6.35 20.92 9.33 204.9 27 3 8 4 28 3 9 4P1936365 2008 18 - EXCAVATOR 175 8% 0 OR Excavators 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.43 21.89 3.90 722.7 87 4 35 6 87 5 35 6P1976911 1980 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 226.2 39 0 7 2 39 5 9 2P1992054 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1952.3 322 7 93 26 322 17 95 27P1993027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 25147 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.71 3.88 2942.1 156 8 114 25 157 8 115 25P1995369 2005 B1 - BELT 175 40% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 79.84 1.06 14.40 5.95 79.92 4.69 15.18 6.22 1304.5 230 3 41 17 230 13 44 18P2005369 2005 B1 - BELT 175 40% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 79.84 1.06 14.40 5.95 79.92 4.69 15.18 6.22 1302.7 229 3 41 17 230 13 44 18P2008076 2001 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 67% 76373 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.10 1.49 20.54 4.25 7344.5 1112 24 323 66 1119 24 333 69P2018076 2001 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 67% 66761 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.05 1.49 20.47 4.23 7928.5 1200 26 349 72 1207 26 358 74P2028076 2001 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 67% 55568 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.99 1.49 20.38 4.21 7328 1109 24 323 66 1114 24 329 68P2031433 1983 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Paving Equipment 198.12 19.23 133.73 20.14 198.58 28.21 137.24 21.03 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P2032070 1988 EP - STONE CHIP 100% 120001 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.35 8.15 25.88 8.69 2686.3 670 47 143 50 683 48 153 51P2034116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 4056 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1998.7 151 7 88 18 151 7 88 18P2038076 2001 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 67% 67553 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.05 1.49 20.47 4.23 5434.4 823 18 239 49 827 18 245 51P2042070 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 170271 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 116.25 8.24 26.61 8.78 3689.2 921 64 196 69 945 67 216 71P2044116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 8947 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.03 4.12 1410.8 107 5 62 13 107 5 62 13P2054116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 3773 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1249.2 95 4 55 11 95 4 55 11P2059414 2006 40 - PUMP 50 38% 0 OR Light Commercial Pumps 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.81 4.24 15.32 3.51 799.1 139 1 26 6 139 7 27 6P2064116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 5820 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.12 2337.6 177 8 103 21 177 8 103 21P2069414 2006 40 - PUMP 50 38% 0 OR Light Commercial Pumps 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.81 4.24 15.32 3.51 460.4 80 1 15 3 80 4 16 4P2074116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 14331 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.42 1.49 20.07 4.13 1490.4 113 5 66 13 113 5 66 14P2075369 2006 B1 - BELT 175 30% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 53.92 1.41 14.40 3.71 53.98 4.13 15.24 3.87 656.4 78 2 21 5 78 6 22 6P2084430 2007 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 13% 0 OR Rollers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 17.1 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P2088076 2001 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 67% 80742 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.13 1.49 20.57 4.26 9391.1 1422 31 413 85 1431 31 426 88P2094430 2007 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 13% 0 OR Rollers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 16.4 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P2095369 2007 B1 - BELT 175 20% 0 OR Crushing/Proc. Equipment 53.92 1.41 14.40 3.71 53.96 3.22 14.96 3.81 347.9 41 1 11 3 41 2 11 3P2098076 2001 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 67% 91677 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.19 1.49 20.65 4.28 9218.8 1396 30 406 83 1406 30 420 87P2102064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 1306 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 113.21 7.93 24.17 8.47 530.5 132 9 28 10 132 9 28 10P2104116 2007 A6 - DISTRIBUTOR 370 20% 4973 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1834.4 139 6 81 17 139 6 81 17

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P2104430 2007 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 13% 0 OR Rollers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 46.4 6 0 2 0 6 0 2 0P2108076 2001 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 67% 80075 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.12 1.49 20.57 4.25 8872.8 1343 29 391 80 1352 29 402 83P2118076 2001 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 67% 74299 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.09 1.49 20.52 4.24 10870.5 1646 36 479 98 1656 36 492 102P2122069 1990 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 245 100% 160060 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 88.31 6.92 32.96 9.47 89.47 6.92 34.41 9.47 3060.9 596 47 222 64 604 47 232 64P2131528 2006 19 - FORKLIFT 175 38% 0 OR Forklifts 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.72 6.05 22.69 4.05 210.2 25 1 10 2 25 3 11 2P2142064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 47087 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.03 8.01 24.83 8.56 1333.5 333 23 71 25 335 24 73 25P2149076 2001 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 400 80% 85235 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.15 1.49 20.60 4.26 9958.9 1508 33 438 90 1518 33 452 94P2162073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 66938 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.05 1.49 20.47 4.23 5985.1 906 20 263 54 911 20 270 56P2163027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 18973 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.68 3.87 2966.7 158 8 115 25 158 8 116 25P2173027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 15657 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.67 3.87 2434 129 6 94 21 129 6 95 21P2192073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 60516 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.42 4.22 7491.1 1134 25 330 68 1140 25 337 70P2192256 1988 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 367.6 64 1 12 3 64 8 15 3P2202073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 49818 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.95 1.49 20.34 4.20 5426.7 822 18 239 49 825 18 243 50P2222073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 62874 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.03 1.49 20.44 4.22 6911.5 1046 23 304 63 1052 23 311 64P2234968 2002 44 - SAW 50 70% 0 OR Concrete/Industrial Saws 90.66 8.25 61.92 9.24 90.94 13.92 63.13 9.67 8.8 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P2242054 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 3530 582 13 169 47 583 32 173 49P2252054 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 926.7 153 3 44 12 153 8 45 13P2258076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 14719 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.76 1.49 20.08 4.13 4052.9 614 13 178 37 614 13 179 37P2262054 2005 27 - LOADER 175 27% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 74.82 1.66 21.65 6.08 74.88 4.05 22.17 6.25 1064.9 176 4 51 14 176 10 52 15P2268077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 9719 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 2095.1 159 7 92 19 159 7 93 19P2278076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 83328 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.14 1.49 20.59 4.26 13790.7 2088 45 607 125 2102 45 626 130P2278077 2008 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 8% 10524 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 3510.3 266 12 155 32 266 12 155 32P2288076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 27202 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.83 1.49 20.17 4.16 7772.3 1177 26 342 70 1179 26 346 71P2292069 1990 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 245 100% 109777 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 88.31 6.92 32.96 9.47 89.11 6.92 33.95 9.47 1694.4 330 26 123 35 333 26 127 35P2294430 2008 RP - PATCH ROLLER 175 7% 0 OR Rollers 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 14.7 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P2329077 2008 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 485 10% 13349 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.07 4.13 4851.9 367 16 214 44 368 16 215 44P2334968 2005 44 - SAW 50 40% 0 OR Concrete/Industrial Saws 79.03 4.29 61.92 7.05 79.11 7.52 62.61 7.28 2.9 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0P2338054 2004 27 - LOADER 175 33% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.73 4.94 22.29 6.30 2925.2 501 13 140 39 501 32 144 41P2353027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 26399 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.72 3.88 4879.2 259 13 189 41 260 13 191 42P2363027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 21707 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.70 3.88 3974.8 211 10 154 34 212 10 155 34P2373027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 18999 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.68 3.87 3230.9 172 8 125 27 172 8 126 28P2384968 2007 44 - SAW 50 20% 0 OR Concrete/Industrial Saws 77.57 3.79 61.92 6.77 77.61 5.41 62.27 6.89 40 7 0 5 1 7 0 5 1P2387034 1992 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 100% 162543 HT Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 63.33 3.29 6.65 6.95 1294.4 179 9 16 19 181 9 19 20P2388040 1989 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 726.9 242 12 126 22 242 27 131 23P2392256 1989 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 78.5 14 0 3 1 14 2 3 1P2399077 2008 A8 - PAINT MACHINE 10% 6747 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.02 4.12 5132.2 389 17 226 46 389 17 226 47P2444968 2008 44 - SAW 50 10% 0 OR Concrete/Industrial Saws 55.25 2.44 42.68 3.69 55.27 3.25 42.93 3.74 13.2 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 0P2469033 1997 13 - CREW CAB 100% 147262 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.75 1.31 18.01 4.01 2637.6 346 8 101 22 347 8 105 23P2472256 1989 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 89.5 16 0 3 1 16 2 4 1P2479033 1997 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 175986 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.79 1.31 18.13 4.05 793.7 104 2 30 7 105 2 32 7P2482256 1989 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 73.6 13 0 2 1 13 2 3 1P2489033 1997 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 100% 135476 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.73 1.31 17.96 3.99 3376.4 443 10 129 28 445 10 134 30P2509033 1997 13 - CREW CAB 100% 191384 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.82 1.31 18.20 4.07 5061.6 664 15 194 42 667 15 203 45P2522073 2002 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 58% 45427 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.93 1.49 20.31 4.19 5266.6 797 17 232 48 800 17 236 49P2529037 1993 D8 - AERIAL LIFT 80% 70292 HT Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 78.93 3.57 22.93 7.02 844.3 145 6 40 13 147 7 43 13P2532073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 56647 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.99 1.49 20.39 4.21 7627.8 1155 25 336 69 1160 25 343 71P2542073 2003 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 50% 47373 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.32 4.19 6783.5 1027 22 299 61 1031 22 304 63P2549033 1997 13 - CREW CAB 100% 154487 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.76 1.31 18.04 4.02 1582.4 208 5 61 13 208 5 63 14P2562054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 1508.2 182 9 72 13 182 13 73 13P2572054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 787.2 95 5 38 7 95 7 38 7P2662040 1990 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 1478.2 492 25 256 44 493 54 267 47P2662054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 993.7 120 6 47 8 120 9 48 9P2669033 1997 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 173136 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.79 1.31 18.12 4.05 2623.9 344 8 100 22 346 8 105 23P2673037 1993 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 100% 211466 HT Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 63.54 3.29 6.93 7.02 2096.2 289 15 26 31 294 15 32 32P2683027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 26006 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.71 3.88 5439.8 289 14 211 46 290 14 212 47P2693027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 28654 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.73 3.89 4867.6 259 13 189 41 259 13 190 42P2703027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 20637 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.69 3.88 3678.5 195 10 143 31 196 10 143 31P2712054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 493.4 59 3 24 4 59 4 24 4P2713027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 14300 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.66 3.87 3240.6 172 8 126 27 172 8 126 28P2723027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 19225 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.68 3.87 4402.2 234 11 171 37 234 11 172 38P2729069 1990 BU - GENERAL PURPOSE 100% 85647 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 88.31 6.92 32.96 9.47 88.93 6.92 33.74 9.47 2146.8 418 33 156 45 421 33 160 45P2733027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 21956 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.70 3.88 3466.8 184 9 135 29 184 9 135 30P2743027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 19189 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.68 3.87 2963.8 158 8 115 25 158 8 116 25P2749070 1991 BU - GENERAL PURPOSE 100% 59730 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.78 3.84 33.59 5.48 1437 264 12 105 17 265 12 106 17P2782054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 492.5 59 3 24 4 59 4 24 4P2782073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 39251 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.26 4.18 7337.5 555 24 323 66 559 24 328 68P2792054 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 852.6 103 5 41 7 103 7 41 7P2812073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 54762 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.64 1.49 20.38 4.21 3693.3 280 12 163 33 282 12 166 34P2822073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 32255 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.17 2796.3 212 9 123 25 213 9 125 26P2828076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 37956 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.89 1.49 20.25 4.18 5566.8 843 18 245 50 845 18 249 51P2832073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 32805 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.17 6013.9 455 20 265 54 458 20 268 55P2852073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 27466 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.17 4.16 3981.5 301 13 175 36 303 13 177 36P2872040 1990 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 502.8 167 8 87 15 168 18 91 16P2872073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 39369 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.26 4.18 6306.4 477 21 278 57 480 21 282 58P2882073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 39503 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.26 4.18 5608 425 18 247 51 427 18 251 52P2883037 1993 13 - CREW CAB 100% 167624 HT Light Heavy Duty 62.63 3.29 5.72 6.72 63.35 3.29 6.68 6.96 2562.2 354 19 32 38 358 19 38 39P2921433 2000 C2 - PATCH ROLLER 175 69% 0 OR Paving Equipment 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.61 10.44 22.98 6.55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P2911527 1985 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P2939027 2008 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 350 #DIV/0! 5300 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 14.99 5.44 660.5 47 2 22 8 47 2 22 8P2942073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 60464 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.68 1.49 20.42 4.22 5691.7 431 19 251 52 435 19 256 53P2943027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 27404 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.15 1.18 17.72 3.89 4044.6 215 11 157 34 215 11 158 35P2952073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 48030 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.61 1.49 20.33 4.20 8124.6 615 27 358 74 620 27 364 75P2962073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 59355 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.67 1.49 20.41 4.22 9639.3 730 32 424 87 737 32 434 90P2972073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 49235 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.61 1.49 20.34 4.20 8442.8 639 28 372 76 644 28 378 78P2982073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 29542 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.19 4.16 4434 336 15 195 40 337 15 197 41P3061527 1984 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3079033 1997 13 - CREW CAB 100% 190969 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.81 1.31 18.20 4.07 1775.7 233 5 68 15 234 5 71 16P3082256 1999 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 602.5 105 1 19 4 105 13 22 5P3118076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 46949 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.32 4.19 7625.2 1154 25 336 69 1159 25 342 70P3122256 2000 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 90% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.14 9.00 16.34 3.89 552 96 1 18 4 96 11 20 5P3128077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 3637 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 19.99 4.11 980 74 3 43 9 74 3 43 9P3138077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4813 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1497.7 113 5 66 14 113 5 66 14P3142256 2000 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 90% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.14 9.00 16.34 3.89 501.6 87 1 16 4 88 10 18 4P3148077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 2582 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.35 1.49 19.99 4.11 865.4 66 3 38 8 66 3 38 8P3153033 1998 13 - CREW CAB 100% 168072 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.46 1.33 18.35 4.09 3120.5 332 9 121 26 333 9 126 28P3158077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 3227 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 19.99 4.11 1119.9 85 4 49 10 85 4 49 10P3168077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 5066 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.11 1915.9 145 6 84 17 145 6 84 17

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P3172073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 40036 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.27 4.18 6347.4 480 21 279 57 484 21 284 58P3178077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4147 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1254.5 95 4 55 11 95 4 55 11P3182073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 46663 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.60 1.49 20.32 4.19 4818.7 365 16 212 44 368 16 216 45P3188077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 5012 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.11 940.3 71 3 41 9 71 3 41 9P3192073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 39087 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.26 4.18 4966.5 376 16 219 45 378 16 222 46P3198077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4737 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1980.3 150 7 87 18 150 7 87 18P3208077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4436 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1763.6 134 6 78 16 134 6 78 16P3218077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 1922 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.35 1.49 19.98 4.11 700.2 53 2 31 6 53 2 31 6P3221527 1986 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3228077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4806 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1095.1 83 4 48 10 83 4 48 10P3238077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4142 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1211.3 92 4 53 11 92 4 53 11P3243027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 5603 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.11 1.18 17.62 3.85 877.2 47 2 34 7 47 2 34 7P3248077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 1390 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.34 1.49 19.98 4.11 554.1 42 2 24 5 42 2 24 5P3249086 1980 46 - SNOW BLOWER 50 100% 0 OR Snowblowers (Commercial 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3253027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 350 #DIV/0! 6366 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.85 734.6 39 2 29 6 39 2 29 6P3258077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 3609 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 19.99 4.11 1365.6 103 4 60 12 103 4 60 12P3268077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 3049 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.35 1.49 19.99 4.11 733.7 56 2 32 7 56 2 32 7P3278077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 12959 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.06 4.13 1251.8 95 4 55 11 95 4 55 11P3282256 2007 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 20% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.77 2.65 14.98 3.40 376.8 65 1 12 3 65 2 12 3P3288077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4906 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 2217.7 168 7 98 20 168 7 98 20P3292256 2007 08 - COMPRESSOR 50 20% 0 OR Light Commercial Air Compressors 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.77 2.65 14.98 3.40 146.9 25 0 5 1 26 1 5 1P3298076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 63386 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.03 1.49 20.44 4.22 7413.1 1122 24 326 67 1128 24 334 69P3298077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4892 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 1711.4 130 6 75 15 130 6 75 16P3308076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 46979 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.32 4.19 4347.7 658 14 191 39 661 14 195 40P3308077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 5296 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.12 1165.6 88 4 51 11 88 4 51 11P3318076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 75969 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.10 1.49 20.53 4.25 8018.8 1214 26 353 73 1222 26 363 75P3318077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 0% 4407 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.36 1.49 20.00 4.11 823.8 62 3 36 7 62 3 36 7P3328076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 79403 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.12 1.49 20.56 4.25 9867.8 1494 32 434 89 1504 32 447 93P3343033 1998 13 - CREW CAB 100% 150331 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.44 1.33 18.27 4.07 2547 271 7 99 22 272 7 103 23P3358070 1993 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 137883 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 84.35 3.84 34.02 5.48 2858 525 24 210 35 531 24 214 35P3388076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 74210 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.09 1.49 20.52 4.24 6078 920 20 268 55 926 20 275 57P3399073 2004 B7 - ROAD PATCHER 50% 33429 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.22 4.17 9617.6 728 32 423 87 732 32 429 88P3403037 1993 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 100% 182477 HT Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 80.28 3.76 24.86 7.21 461.3 79 4 22 7 82 4 25 7P3408064 1988 D7 - MOBILE SERVICE VEHICLE 0 100% 114837 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.25 8.14 25.81 8.68 620.6 155 11 33 12 158 11 35 12P3408076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 89109 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.17 1.49 20.63 4.27 10449.4 1582 34 460 95 1594 34 475 98P3418076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 81413 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.13 1.49 20.58 4.26 10577.9 1601 35 466 96 1612 35 480 99P3428076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 76980 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.10 1.49 20.54 4.25 5242.4 794 17 231 47 799 17 237 49P3439033 1998 D8 - AERIAL LIFT 55% 46340 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.78 1.40 15.64 5.52 2588.6 369 8 85 31 370 8 89 31P3556040 1991 54 - TRACTOR 175 100% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 435.3 145 7 75 13 145 16 79 14P3571527 1987 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3581527 1987 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 178.41 17.15 120.42 17.96 178.82 25.24 123.58 18.76 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3603033 1998 13 - CREW CAB 100% 175635 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.47 1.33 18.38 4.10 1624.4 173 5 63 14 174 5 66 15P3622040 1992 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 1562.6 520 26 270 46 521 57 282 50P3629064 1988 A7 - PONY 100% 98548 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.96 8.11 25.57 8.65 574.5 143 10 31 11 146 10 32 11P3648076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 53257 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.97 1.49 20.37 4.20 5967.7 903 20 263 54 907 20 268 55P3658076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 64051 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.03 1.49 20.45 4.23 6556.6 993 22 289 59 998 22 296 61P3668076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 66140 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.04 1.49 20.46 4.23 6718.4 1017 22 296 61 1023 22 303 63P3668077 2009 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 425 0% 6548 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.02 4.12 2889.7 219 10 127 26 219 10 128 26P3692040 1992 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 2061 685 35 356 61 687 76 372 65P3698070 1993 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 41855 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 83.65 3.84 33.49 5.48 2119.8 389 18 155 26 391 18 157 26P3702040 1992 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 3025.4 1006 51 523 90 1009 111 547 96P3758070 1993 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 115811 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 83.35 3.84 33.27 5.48 84.19 3.84 33.90 5.48 2523.3 464 21 185 31 468 21 189 31P3762073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 25695 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 6442.6 488 21 284 58 490 21 286 59P3772073 2004 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 42% 24334 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 4714.2 357 16 208 43 358 16 209 43P3782073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 33162 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.22 4.17 8057.2 610 27 355 73 613 27 359 74P3791527 1988 57 - TRAILER 175 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P3792073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 28340 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 5511.9 417 18 243 50 419 18 245 51P3802073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 19854 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 5621.5 426 19 247 51 427 19 249 51P3812073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 28998 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 5179.7 392 17 228 47 394 17 230 47P3818076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 47994 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.33 4.20 6679.8 1011 22 294 60 1015 22 299 62P3822073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 44992 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.59 1.49 20.30 4.19 12624.3 956 42 556 114 963 42 565 117P3828076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 60675 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.42 4.22 6056.3 917 20 267 55 921 20 273 56P3832073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 26893 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.17 4.16 6197.4 469 20 273 56 471 20 276 57P3838076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 53353 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.97 1.49 20.37 4.21 6468.5 979 21 285 59 984 21 290 60P3842073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 35044 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.23 4.17 7448.9 564 25 328 67 567 25 332 68P3848076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 51286 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.96 1.49 20.35 4.20 5195.7 787 17 229 47 790 17 233 48P3852073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 23245 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 3402.9 258 11 150 31 259 11 151 31P3862073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 27139 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.17 4.16 5622.5 426 19 248 51 428 19 250 52P3882073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 23688 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 3931.7 298 13 173 36 299 13 175 36P3886040 1992 54 - TRACTOR 175 100% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 779.5 259 13 135 23 260 29 141 25P3929033 1998 D8 - AERIAL LIFT 55% 106100 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.89 1.40 16.58 5.62 6376.8 910 20 210 76 912 20 233 79P3955056 1995 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 150.55 11.19 112.95 25.39 150.94 18.89 115.96 26.15 160.7 53 4 40 9 53 7 41 9P3989070 1994 A5 - FUEL 100% 189168 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.41 1.48 21.21 4.42 7738.4 1456 25 338 69 1474 25 362 75P4022040 1993 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 1264.9 421 21 219 38 422 46 229 40P4043918 1992 31 - MOWER 50 100% 0 OR Lawn mowers (Commerical 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 10.6 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0P4052040 1993 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 565 188 10 98 17 188 21 102 18P4073033 2000 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 100% 194631 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 65.04 1.40 17.98 5.78 203.7 29 1 7 2 29 1 8 3P4092040 1993 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 435.5 145 7 75 13 145 16 79 14P4132064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 41863 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 113.94 8.01 24.75 8.55 641.7 160 11 34 12 161 11 35 12P4139073 2004 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 410 50% 47178 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.60 1.49 20.32 4.19 12488.9 945 41 550 113 953 41 559 115P4142064 1988 37 - POST DRIVER 100% 182576 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 116.47 8.26 26.78 8.80 1022 255 18 54 19 262 19 60 20P4142070 1995 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 100% 96628 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.89 1.48 20.53 4.25 3593.4 676 12 157 32 680 12 163 34P4162064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 115791 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.27 8.14 25.82 8.68 1890.3 472 33 101 35 480 34 108 36P4179033 #N/A 04 - CARGO STEP 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P4182070 1995 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 90536 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.86 1.48 20.48 4.24 1870.6 352 6 82 17 354 6 84 17P4189073 2005 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 410 40% 61693 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.68 1.49 20.43 4.22 20372.2 1542 67 897 184 1558 67 917 190P4192070 1995 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 54899 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.66 1.48 20.22 4.18 943.2 177 3 41 8 178 3 42 9P4212056 1997 27 - LOADER 175 80% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 669 148 6 32 9 148 17 34 10P4222070 1995 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 108063 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.96 1.48 20.61 4.27 3414.7 643 11 149 31 647 11 155 32P4232069 1994 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 110357 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.97 1.48 20.63 4.28 2721.8 512 9 119 24 516 9 124 26P4242070 1995 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 108606 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.96 1.48 20.62 4.27 1123.4 211 4 49 10 213 4 51 11P4243027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 10259 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.64 3.86 1089.2 58 3 42 9 58 3 42 9P4243033 2000 13 - CREW CAB 100% 71190 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.32 1.33 17.92 3.95 1578.7 168 5 61 13 168 5 62 14P4252070 1995 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 100% 96797 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.89 1.48 20.53 4.25 2746.5 517 9 120 25 520 9 124 26P4252073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 31605 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 6988.5 529 23 308 63 532 23 311 64P4253027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 5472 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.11 1.18 17.62 3.85 1220.8 65 3 47 10 65 3 47 10P4263027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 11870 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.65 3.86 1382.5 73 4 54 12 74 4 54 12

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P4273027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 9012 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.64 3.86 1673.2 89 4 65 14 89 4 65 14P4283027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 10606 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.65 3.86 1515.9 81 4 59 13 81 4 59 13P4283033 2000 13 - CREW CAB 100% 126697 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.40 1.33 18.16 4.03 5469.4 581 16 212 46 584 16 219 49P4293027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 10348 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.65 3.86 2029.2 108 5 79 17 108 5 79 17P4302056 1997 27 - LOADER 175 80% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 1752.9 388 16 84 23 389 44 90 26P4303027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 10540 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.65 3.86 1962 104 5 76 17 104 5 76 17P4313027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 7953 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 1372.7 73 4 53 12 73 4 53 12P4323027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 7974 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 1139.6 61 3 44 10 61 3 44 10P4329033 2000 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 60% 23936 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.74 1.40 15.28 5.48 597.4 85 2 20 7 85 2 20 7P4333027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 19393 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.14 1.18 17.69 3.87 1263 67 3 49 11 67 3 49 11P4343027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 8343 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.64 3.86 1414.2 75 4 55 12 75 4 55 12P4353027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 9464 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.64 3.86 1519.4 81 4 59 13 81 4 59 13P4355056 1998 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.49 14.17 32.89 12.14 343.5 76 5 24 9 76 11 25 9P4362040 1993 27 - LOADER 175 100% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.28 16.63 81.97 14.38 1266.1 421 21 219 38 422 46 229 40P4363027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 6821 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 515 27 1 20 4 27 1 20 4P4366056 1997 54 - TRACTOR 175 80% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 1032.3 228 10 49 14 229 26 53 15P4372056 1998 27 - LOADER 175 73% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 824.9 182 8 39 11 183 20 42 12P4373027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 6975 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 706 38 2 27 6 38 2 27 6P4379060 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 50199 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.09 8.02 24.87 8.56 601.6 150 11 32 11 151 11 33 11P4383027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 9027 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.64 3.86 1020.1 54 3 40 9 54 3 40 9P4393027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 6882 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 1484.4 79 4 58 13 79 4 58 13P4398076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 61609 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.02 1.49 20.43 4.22 6787.3 1028 22 299 61 1033 22 306 63P4403027 2008 13 - CREW CAB 0 #DIV/0! 7520 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.12 1.18 17.63 3.86 998.1 53 3 39 8 53 3 39 8P4408076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 75014 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.09 1.49 20.53 4.25 8458.5 1281 28 372 77 1288 28 383 79P4418076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 54331 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.98 1.49 20.37 4.21 5371.5 813 18 236 49 817 18 241 50P4425056 1999 B2 - SKID STEER 175 100% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.49 14.17 32.89 12.14 836.1 184 12 58 21 185 26 61 22P4428076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 69520 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.06 1.49 20.49 4.24 5241.2 794 17 231 47 798 17 237 49P4438076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 21825 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.80 1.49 20.13 4.15 3392.8 514 11 149 31 515 11 151 31P4448076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 37034 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.88 1.49 20.24 4.17 5788.7 876 19 255 52 879 19 258 53P4459070 2007 IZ - GENERAL PURPOSE W/CRANE 20% 3884 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 14.97 5.44 1459.3 104 5 48 17 104 5 48 18P4469070 2007 IZ - GENERAL PURPOSE W/CRANE 20% 3387 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 14.96 5.44 1090.4 78 3 36 13 78 3 36 13P4481070 2008 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 10% 6948 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 15.01 5.45 1804.2 128 6 59 22 128 6 60 22P4486056 2001 54 - TRACTOR 175 53% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 1594.9 353 15 76 21 354 32 80 23P4505056 2002 B2 - SKID STEER 175 70% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 100.09 6.47 31.25 11.56 100.37 11.86 32.40 11.97 338.2 75 5 23 9 75 9 24 9P4518056 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1394.7 308 13 67 19 309 26 69 20P4522040 1995 27 - LOADER 175 93% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.25 16.03 81.73 14.32 1905.9 634 32 330 57 636 67 343 60P4532073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 23973 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 5141.3 389 17 226 47 391 17 228 47P4542064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 109676 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.16 8.13 25.73 8.67 843.1 210 15 45 16 214 15 48 16P4542073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 17801 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 3404.7 258 11 150 31 258 11 151 31P4551070 2008 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 10% 10524 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.28 1.40 15.07 5.45 2393.5 170 7 79 29 170 7 80 29P4552073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 27333 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.17 4.16 4188.9 317 14 184 38 319 14 186 38P4561070 2008 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 10% 7874 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.28 1.40 15.03 5.45 1826.2 130 6 60 22 130 6 61 22P4562040 1995 27 - LOADER 175 93% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.25 16.03 81.73 14.32 1117.3 372 19 193 33 373 39 201 35P4562073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 22474 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.14 4.15 5400.1 409 18 238 49 410 18 240 49P4568076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 35543 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.87 1.49 20.23 4.17 4858.1 736 16 214 44 738 16 217 45P4572073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 21687 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 4722.4 357 16 208 43 359 16 210 43P4573060 1988 EP - STONE CHIP 100% 88864 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.78 8.09 25.43 8.63 589.6 147 10 31 11 149 11 33 11P4582073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 28939 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 5585.6 423 18 246 51 425 18 249 51P4592073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 23230 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 4953.1 375 16 218 45 376 16 220 45P4602073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 31387 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 5280.8 400 17 232 48 402 17 235 48P4612073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 33403 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.22 4.17 4923.7 373 16 217 45 375 16 219 45P4613918 1993 31 - MOWER 50 100% 0 OR Lawn mowers (Commerical 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P4622073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 18613 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.11 4.14 4247.1 322 14 187 38 322 14 188 39P4632073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 21864 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 5649.6 428 19 249 51 429 19 251 52P4642073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 27474 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.17 4.16 5940.8 450 20 262 54 452 20 264 54P4648076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 56425 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.99 1.49 20.39 4.21 7258.3 1099 24 320 66 1104 24 326 67P4652040 1995 27 - LOADER 175 93% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 150.82 7.64 78.45 13.49 151.25 16.03 81.73 14.32 487.5 162 8 84 14 163 17 88 15P4652073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 24775 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.15 4.15 6165.5 467 20 271 56 469 20 274 56P4658076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 41622 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.91 1.49 20.28 4.18 6536.6 990 22 288 59 993 22 292 60P4662073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 16972 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.09 4.14 4105.4 311 14 181 37 312 14 182 37P4668056 2004 27 - LOADER 175 33% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 77.65 1.94 21.65 6.08 77.73 4.94 22.29 6.30 2638.5 452 11 126 35 452 29 130 37P4668076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 47473 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.94 1.49 20.32 4.19 8688.8 1315 29 382 79 1321 29 389 80P4703034 1994 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 100% 127889 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.72 1.31 17.92 3.98 1456.9 191 4 56 12 192 4 58 13P4735056 2004 B2 - SKID STEER 175 50% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 77.44 3.35 31.25 11.56 77.54 7.20 32.07 11.84 155.9 27 1 11 4 27 2 11 4P4735076 2003 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 50% 48698 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.95 1.49 20.33 4.20 5670.7 859 19 250 51 862 19 254 52P4752040 1996 27 - LOADER 175 87% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.69 12.01 23.32 6.67 669.5 148 6 32 9 149 18 34 10P4798076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 40380 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.90 1.49 20.27 4.18 5304.4 803 17 234 48 806 17 237 49P4808076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 83105 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.14 1.49 20.59 4.26 10426.1 1578 34 459 94 1589 34 473 98P4818076 2002 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 400 58% 89151 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.17 1.49 20.63 4.27 11566.3 1751 38 509 105 1764 38 526 109P4825056 2005 B2 - SKID STEER 175 40% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 74.61 2.96 31.25 11.56 74.68 6.04 31.91 11.78 933.7 154 6 64 24 154 12 66 24P4828076 2002 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 58% 53181 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.97 1.49 20.36 4.20 8337.9 1262 27 367 75 1268 27 374 77P4855056 2005 B2 - SKID STEER 175 40% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 74.61 2.96 31.25 11.56 74.68 6.04 31.91 11.78 499.5 82 3 34 13 82 7 35 13P4858076 2003 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 50% 40250 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.90 1.49 20.27 4.18 5623 851 19 248 51 854 19 251 52P4865056 2005 B2 - SKID STEER 175 40% 0 OR Skid Steer Loaders 74.61 2.96 31.25 11.56 74.68 6.04 31.91 11.78 941.9 155 6 65 24 155 13 66 24P4886915 1994 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 956.4 166 2 31 7 167 21 38 9P4919076 2003 A8 - PAINT MACHINE 60% 45002 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.93 1.49 20.30 4.19 14475.6 2192 48 637 131 2200 48 648 134P4922040 1997 27 - LOADER 175 80% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 1512.9 335 14 72 20 336 38 77 22P4922069 1996 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 89694 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.86 1.48 20.48 4.24 2099.7 395 7 92 19 397 7 95 20P4928056 2007 27 - LOADER 175 13% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.67 3.88 22.02 3.93 872.5 105 5 42 7 105 7 42 8P4932073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 16894 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.09 4.14 3520.9 267 12 155 32 267 12 156 32P4942069 1996 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 122501 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.04 1.48 20.72 4.30 3548.8 668 12 155 32 673 12 162 34P4942073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 20753 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 4074.6 308 13 179 37 309 13 181 37P4952040 1997 27 - LOADER 175 80% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 1291.9 286 12 62 17 287 32 66 19P4952073 2005 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 33% 13940 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.42 1.49 20.07 4.13 5267.7 399 17 232 48 400 17 233 48P4962040 1997 27 - LOADER 175 80% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.66 11.41 23.19 6.63 761.6 168 7 36 10 169 19 39 11P4963918 1995 31 - MOWER 50 100% 0 OR Lawn mowers (Commerical 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 18.15 4.17 97 17 0 3 1 17 2 4 1P5002073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 22745 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.14 4.15 4967.4 376 16 219 45 377 16 221 45P5003037 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 110401 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.38 1.33 18.09 4.01 6326.9 672 19 245 54 675 19 252 56P5012069 1996 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 10147 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.41 1.48 19.89 4.09 2595.9 488 8 113 23 489 8 114 23P5012073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 20423 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 5700.4 432 19 251 52 433 19 253 52P5022073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 24087 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 4481.5 339 15 197 41 341 15 199 41P5032056 2008 27 - LOADER 175 7% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 503.2 61 3 24 4 61 4 24 4P5032073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 23764 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 5968.9 452 20 263 54 454 20 265 55P5042073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 29576 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.19 4.16 5937.3 449 20 261 54 452 20 264 54P5052073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 30551 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 6848.3 518 23 301 62 521 23 305 63P5062073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 20608 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 4580.1 347 15 202 41 348 15 203 42P5068076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 43782 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.58 1.49 20.29 4.19 9716.7 736 32 428 88 741 32 435 90

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P5072073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 17145 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.10 4.14 4148.7 314 14 183 38 315 14 184 38P5078076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 42485 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.57 1.49 20.28 4.18 5581.8 423 18 246 51 425 18 250 51P5082073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 17826 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 4552.2 345 15 200 41 346 15 202 42P5086040 1998 54 - TRACTOR 175 73% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.63 10.81 23.06 6.58 419.9 93 4 20 6 93 10 21 6P5112073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 17751 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 4491.6 340 15 198 41 341 15 199 41P5122073 2006 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 25% 26414 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 6638.1 502 22 292 60 505 22 295 61P5143037 2002 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 250 88% 97061 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.87 1.40 16.44 5.61 4253.6 607 13 140 51 608 13 154 53P5148056 2008 27 - LOADER 175 7% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 147.1 18 1 7 1 18 1 7 1P5158056 2008 27 - LOADER 175 7% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.66 3.28 21.84 3.89 384.8 46 2 18 3 46 3 19 3P5182060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 102808 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.04 8.12 25.63 8.66 1141.7 285 20 61 21 290 20 65 22P5196034 1993 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 100% 135761 HT Medium Heavy Duty 78.08 3.45 21.72 6.89 79.72 3.68 24.06 7.13 1073.2 185 8 51 16 189 9 57 17P5196040 1999 54 - TRACTOR 175 67% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 816.2 180 8 39 11 181 18 41 12P5216040 1999 54 - TRACTOR 175 67% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.60 10.21 22.93 6.53 1433.4 317 13 68 19 318 32 72 21P5229034 2000 B5 - UTILITY 45% 20940 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.74 1.40 15.23 5.47 1727 246 5 57 21 246 5 58 21P5232060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 75467 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.54 8.07 25.24 8.61 1101.8 275 19 59 21 278 20 61 21P5233037 2002 13 - CREW CAB 250 88% 87460 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.99 3.97 4964 528 15 193 42 529 15 197 43P5239034 2000 B5 - UTILITY 45% 108548 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.89 1.40 16.62 5.63 4581.5 653 14 151 55 655 14 168 57P5243037 2002 13 - CREW CAB 250 88% 146485 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.43 1.33 18.25 4.06 11037.9 1173 32 428 94 1178 32 444 99P5248076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 61549 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.68 1.49 20.43 4.22 9444.2 715 31 416 85 722 31 425 88P5258076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 48567 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.61 1.49 20.33 4.20 7813 591 26 344 71 596 26 350 72P5266040 2000 54 - TRACTOR 175 60% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.57 9.61 22.81 6.49 712.8 158 7 34 10 158 15 36 10P5342073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 17611 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 4348 329 14 191 39 330 14 193 40P5356040 2001 54 - TRACTOR 175 53% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 828.4 183 8 40 11 184 16 41 12P5362064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 30903 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 113.74 7.99 24.60 8.53 2461.4 614 43 131 46 617 43 133 46P5371527 1997 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P5386040 2001 54 - TRACTOR 175 53% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.54 9.01 22.68 6.44 966.7 214 9 46 13 214 19 48 14P5402073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 20738 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 4785.1 362 16 211 43 363 16 212 44P5412073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 20805 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 4547.7 344 15 200 41 345 15 202 42P5422073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 19546 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.11 4.14 4666.5 353 15 205 42 354 15 207 43P5423029 1996 13 - CREW CAB 100% 157331 HT Light Heavy Duty 59.54 1.31 17.36 3.79 59.77 1.31 18.05 4.02 3592.5 472 10 138 30 473 10 143 32P5432073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 21819 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 4644.1 352 15 204 42 353 15 206 42P5442040 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 2215.6 490 21 106 30 491 41 110 31P5442073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 19644 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.11 4.14 4683 354 15 206 42 356 15 208 43P5452073 2007 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 17% 18135 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 3984.5 302 13 175 36 303 13 177 36P5522064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 54261 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.16 8.03 24.93 8.57 629.4 157 11 34 12 158 11 35 12P5532040 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 931.8 206 9 44 12 206 17 46 13P5542040 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1382.1 306 13 66 19 306 26 69 19P5553037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 93096 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.35 1.33 18.01 3.98 5081.5 540 15 197 43 542 15 202 45P5562040 2002 27 - LOADER 175 47% 0 OR Rubber Tire Loaders 100.30 4.22 21.65 6.08 100.51 8.42 22.55 6.40 1172.9 259 11 56 16 260 22 58 17P5563037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 80139 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.95 3.96 6809.2 724 20 264 58 726 20 270 60P5573037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 85055 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.98 3.97 4480.4 476 13 174 38 477 13 178 39P5583037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 149854 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.44 1.33 18.26 4.07 6162.8 655 18 239 52 658 18 248 55P5593037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 86774 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.98 3.97 5392.9 573 16 209 46 575 16 214 47P5603037 2003 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 250/325 75% 64581 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.31 1.33 17.89 3.94 3192.5 339 9 124 27 340 9 126 28P5618076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 36974 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.54 1.49 20.24 4.17 8182.3 619 27 360 74 623 27 365 75P5623037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 81989 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.96 3.97 6829.1 726 20 265 58 728 20 270 60P5628076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 44255 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.58 1.49 20.30 4.19 9298 704 31 409 84 709 31 416 86P5633037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 80001 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.95 3.96 6692.5 711 20 260 57 713 20 265 58P5643037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 90596 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.35 1.33 18.00 3.98 7277.2 773 21 282 62 776 21 289 64P5653037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 73807 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.32 1.33 17.93 3.95 4951.5 526 15 192 42 527 15 196 43P5732069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 76756 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.10 1.49 20.54 4.25 4927.9 746 16 217 45 751 16 223 46P5742069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 82537 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.14 1.49 20.58 4.26 6717.6 1017 22 296 61 1024 22 305 63P5782069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 84819 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.15 1.49 20.60 4.26 5356.3 811 18 236 48 817 18 243 50P5792069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 96194 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.21 1.49 20.69 4.29 7092 1074 23 312 64 1082 23 323 67P5799073 2007 B7 - ROAD PATCHER 17% 9932 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.04 4.12 2230.2 169 7 98 20 169 7 99 20P5808071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 79289 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.80 1.48 20.40 4.22 6704.3 1262 22 293 60 1268 22 302 62P5848073 2009 D1 - ANTI-ICING 0 0% 2661 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.35 1.49 19.99 4.11 627.2 47 2 28 6 47 2 28 6P5868073 2009 D1 - ANTI-ICING 0 0% 1698 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.35 1.49 19.98 4.11 297.3 23 1 13 3 23 1 13 3P5882064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 104604 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.07 8.12 25.66 8.66 877 219 15 47 16 222 16 50 17P5902064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 70014 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.45 8.06 25.16 8.60 1065.4 266 19 57 20 269 19 59 20P5908071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 113432 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.99 1.48 20.65 4.28 5936.1 1117 19 259 53 1125 19 270 56P5914918 1999 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 1970.3 342 4 63 14 344 43 72 17P5928076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 30372 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.19 4.16 6144.7 465 20 270 56 467 20 274 56P5932064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 106347 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.10 8.12 25.68 8.66 1146.7 286 20 61 21 291 21 65 22P5938071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 22676 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.48 1.48 19.98 4.12 2132.8 401 7 93 19 402 7 94 19P5938076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 51557 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.63 1.49 20.35 4.20 10230.2 774 34 450 93 781 34 459 95P5942064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 103751 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.05 8.12 25.65 8.66 2925.6 730 51 156 55 742 52 165 56P5952064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 96869 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.93 8.10 25.55 8.65 2032.6 507 36 108 38 515 36 114 39P5958071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 109612 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.97 1.48 20.62 4.28 4492.8 845 15 196 40 851 15 204 42P5988076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 45670 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.59 1.49 20.31 4.19 8881.6 672 29 391 80 677 29 398 82P5998076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 37376 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.55 1.49 20.25 4.18 7719.7 584 25 340 70 588 25 345 71P6008076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 42% 50992 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.62 1.49 20.35 4.20 8244.8 624 27 363 75 629 27 370 76P6022069 1999 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 64698 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.04 1.49 20.45 4.23 3030.5 459 10 133 27 461 10 137 28P6098071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 36800 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.56 1.48 20.08 4.14 2722.9 512 9 119 24 514 9 121 25P6123435 1980 RW - THREE WHEEL ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 694.2 256 25 138 24 257 39 143 26P6138071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 142646 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.15 1.48 20.87 4.34 3487.8 656 11 152 31 662 11 160 33P6143435 1980 RW - THREE WHEEL ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 192.3 71 7 38 7 71 11 40 7P6144918 2000 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 4090.8 710 7 132 29 714 89 149 36P6148071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 167960 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.29 1.48 21.06 4.38 4909.2 924 16 214 44 934 16 228 47P6172069 1999 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 80988 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.13 1.49 20.57 4.26 1958.8 297 6 86 18 299 6 89 18P6182069 1999 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 79823 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.12 1.49 20.56 4.25 1913.5 290 6 84 17 292 6 87 18P6192069 1999 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 64268 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.03 1.49 20.45 4.23 1438.9 218 5 63 13 219 5 65 13P6202069 1999 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 250 100% 102016 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.25 1.49 20.73 4.30 2655.9 402 9 117 24 405 9 121 25P6203029 1999 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 100% 157496 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.45 1.33 18.30 4.08 1970.5 209 6 76 17 210 6 79 18P6212069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 54500 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.98 1.49 20.37 4.21 3950.4 598 13 174 36 601 13 177 37P6222069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 60198 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.01 1.49 20.42 4.22 4022.8 609 13 177 36 612 13 181 37P6225076 2004 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 370 42% 34317 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.22 4.17 9535.9 722 31 420 86 726 31 425 88P6232069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 99360 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.23 1.49 20.71 4.29 5338 808 18 235 48 815 18 244 50P6235076 2004 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 370 42% 33872 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.22 4.17 7531.1 570 25 332 68 573 25 336 69P6242069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 93306 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.20 1.49 20.66 4.28 5448 825 18 240 49 831 18 248 51P6245076 2004 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 370 42% 32107 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.17 7519.1 569 25 331 68 572 25 335 69P6252069 1999 37 - POST DRIVER 83% 62090 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.02 1.49 20.43 4.22 3193 483 11 141 29 486 11 144 30P6255076 2004 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 370 42% 46152 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.60 1.49 20.31 4.19 8755.8 663 29 385 79 668 29 392 81P6262069 1999 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 83% 54902 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.98 1.49 20.38 4.21 4986.7 755 16 220 45 758 16 224 46P6278076 2004 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 0 42% 33242 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.22 4.17 3015.7 228 10 133 27 230 10 134 28P6413034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 94131 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.35 1.33 18.02 3.98 5150.4 547 15 200 44 549 15 205 45P6423034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 107268 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.08 4.00 4648.3 494 14 180 39 496 14 185 41

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P6433034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 102682 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.05 4.00 5267.3 560 15 204 45 562 15 210 46P6443034 2001 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 100% 108323 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.89 1.40 16.61 5.63 2252.2 321 7 74 27 322 7 82 28P6453034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 102579 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.05 4.00 5212.4 554 15 202 44 556 15 207 46P6463034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 105136 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.07 4.00 5846 621 17 227 50 623 17 233 52P6473034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 85687 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.98 3.97 3211.5 341 9 125 27 342 9 127 28P6483034 2001 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 112740 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.38 1.33 18.10 4.01 4742.9 504 14 184 40 506 14 189 42P6483037 2003 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 250/325 75% 96086 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.36 1.33 18.03 3.99 5664 602 17 220 48 604 17 225 50P6493034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 83405 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.97 3.97 4140.6 440 12 161 35 441 12 164 36P6498071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 27691 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.51 1.48 20.02 4.12 4685.6 882 15 205 42 883 15 207 43P6503034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 86164 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.98 3.97 3812.1 405 11 148 32 406 11 151 33P6503037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 69398 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.21 1.18 17.91 3.95 7987 424 21 310 68 426 21 315 70P6504918 2000 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 1836.6 319 3 59 13 321 40 67 16P6513034 2002 13 - CREW CAB 250 88% 95996 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.36 1.33 18.03 3.99 4496.8 478 13 174 38 479 13 179 40P6513037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 70988 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.21 1.18 17.91 3.95 5304.4 282 14 206 45 283 14 209 46P6514918 2001 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 1421.4 247 3 46 10 248 31 52 12P6523034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 101034 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.36 1.33 18.05 3.99 6128.8 651 18 238 52 653 18 244 54P6533034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 120460 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.39 1.33 18.13 4.02 4783.5 508 14 186 41 510 14 191 42P6543034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 126305 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.40 1.33 18.16 4.03 5112.7 543 15 198 43 546 15 205 45P6553034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 135923 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.41 1.33 18.20 4.05 7058.8 750 21 274 60 753 21 283 63P6563034 2001 13 - CREW CAB 250 100% 121164 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.39 1.33 18.14 4.02 6160.6 655 18 239 52 657 18 246 55P6591494 1997 20 - GENERATOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Generator Sets 132.50 12.16 67.02 19.01 132.96 21.24 70.57 19.91 20.9 6 1 3 1 6 1 3 1P6598071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 19910 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.47 1.48 19.96 4.11 5672 1067 19 248 51 1069 19 250 51P6616918 2000 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 100% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.19 9.91 16.53 3.96 3337.1 579 6 107 24 583 73 122 29P6632069 2000 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 75% 101446 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.24 1.49 20.72 4.29 5123.1 776 17 226 46 782 17 234 49P6641494 1997 20 - GENERATOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Generator Sets 132.50 12.16 67.02 19.01 132.96 21.24 70.57 19.91 34 10 1 5 1 10 2 5 1P6642069 2000 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 75% 85162 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.15 1.49 20.60 4.26 5679.8 860 19 250 51 866 19 258 53P6652069 2000 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 75% 80552 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.12 1.49 20.57 4.26 4226.4 640 14 186 38 644 14 192 40P6662069 2000 37 - POST DRIVER 0 75% 70640 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.07 1.49 20.50 4.24 2584.4 391 9 114 23 394 9 117 24P6758076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 31775 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 7789 590 26 343 70 593 26 347 72P6773037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 58483 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.30 1.33 17.86 3.93 5100.4 542 15 198 43 543 15 201 44P6782069 2001 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 250 67% 38249 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.89 1.49 20.25 4.18 5061.6 766 17 223 46 769 17 226 47P6783037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 112845 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.38 1.33 18.10 4.01 11001.1 1169 32 427 93 1173 32 439 97P6792064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 128015 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.49 8.16 26.00 8.70 2072.9 517 36 110 39 528 37 119 40P6812060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 91201 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.83 8.09 25.47 8.64 1174.7 293 21 63 22 297 21 66 22P6832435 1980 RT - RUBBER TIRE ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 281.2 104 10 56 10 104 16 58 10P6833037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 66259 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.31 1.33 17.89 3.94 3059.5 325 9 119 26 326 9 121 27P6843037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 70520 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.32 1.33 17.91 3.95 3913.3 416 11 152 33 417 11 155 34P6853037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 70254 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.32 1.33 17.91 3.95 5119 544 15 199 43 545 15 202 45P6858071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 133145 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.10 1.48 20.80 4.32 5220.5 982 17 228 47 991 17 239 50P6863037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 82102 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.96 3.97 7434 790 22 288 63 792 22 294 65P6873037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 78786 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.95 3.96 6501.5 691 19 252 55 693 19 257 57P6883037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 110562 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.38 1.33 18.09 4.01 8195.9 871 24 318 69 874 24 327 72P6893037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 100856 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.36 1.33 18.05 3.99 4797.1 510 14 186 41 511 14 191 42P6903037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 69009 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.32 1.33 17.91 3.95 4627.1 492 14 180 39 493 14 183 40P6913037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 56446 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.30 1.33 17.85 3.93 4556.2 484 13 177 39 485 13 179 39P6923037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 101917 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.36 1.33 18.05 4.00 4593.3 488 13 178 39 490 13 183 40P6926918 2002 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 88% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 79.13 8.78 16.29 3.87 2683.6 466 5 86 19 468 52 96 23P6933037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 82909 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.97 3.97 6923.1 736 20 269 59 738 20 274 61P6943037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 78878 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.95 3.96 5326.2 566 16 207 45 567 16 211 47P6953037 2003 13 - CREW CAB 250/325 75% 77354 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.33 1.33 17.94 3.96 4631.6 492 14 180 39 493 14 183 40P7028071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 104060 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.94 1.48 20.58 4.27 3530.7 664 12 154 32 669 12 160 33P7038071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 98479 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.90 1.48 20.54 4.26 3437.3 647 11 150 31 651 11 156 32P7071494 1998 20 - GENERATOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Generator Sets 107.53 7.36 45.51 9.99 107.99 16.44 47.45 10.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7078071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 56258 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.67 1.48 20.23 4.18 2860.7 538 9 125 26 540 9 128 26P7091527 1992 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7092064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 117304 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.30 8.14 25.84 8.68 1986.6 496 35 106 37 505 36 113 38P7098071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 80112 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.80 1.48 20.41 4.22 2877.8 542 9 126 26 544 9 129 27P7101527 1992 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 9 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0P7103029 1999 13 - CREW CAB 100% 129820 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.41 1.33 18.18 4.04 2642.9 281 8 103 22 282 8 106 24P7108071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 85266 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.83 1.48 20.44 4.23 3248.3 611 11 142 29 615 11 146 30P7113029 1999 13 - CREW CAB 100% 105888 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.07 4.00 3643.1 387 11 141 31 388 11 145 32P7118071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 69083 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.74 1.48 20.32 4.20 4022.3 757 13 176 36 760 13 180 37P7138071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 124494 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 86.05 1.48 20.73 4.30 6653.8 1252 22 291 60 1262 22 304 63P7158071 1996 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 110009 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.97 1.48 20.63 4.28 6990.8 1316 23 305 63 1325 23 318 66P7168076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 32901 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.17 8182.4 619 27 360 74 623 27 365 75P7178076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 46132 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.60 1.49 20.31 4.19 12599.7 954 41 555 114 961 41 564 116P7188076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 35054 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.23 4.17 5628.2 426 19 248 51 428 19 251 52P7198076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 31378 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 9653.2 731 32 425 87 734 32 430 89P7208076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 35064 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.23 4.17 9912.9 750 33 436 90 755 33 442 91P7211527 1992 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7212064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 50491 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.09 8.02 24.88 8.56 763.6 191 13 41 14 192 14 42 14P7218076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 25116 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 7483.4 566 25 329 68 569 25 333 69P7228076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 21593 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 7449.7 564 25 328 67 566 25 331 68P7238076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 23076 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 6630.1 502 22 292 60 504 22 294 61P7248076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 18601 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.11 4.14 5560.6 421 18 245 50 422 18 246 51P7258076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 29608 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.19 4.16 7386.8 559 24 325 67 562 24 329 68P7268076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 25961 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 6521.7 494 21 287 59 496 21 290 60P7282064 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 38177 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 113.87 8.00 24.70 8.54 520.1 130 9 28 10 131 9 28 10P7286918 2004 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 63% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.87 6.51 15.81 3.68 3017 524 6 97 22 525 43 105 24P7438076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 24741 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.15 4.15 4313 326 14 190 39 328 14 192 39P7443435 1980 RW - THREE WHEEL ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 242.5 89 9 48 9 90 14 50 9P7448076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 30499 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 7698.1 583 25 339 70 586 25 343 71P7458076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 22409 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 6368.8 482 21 280 58 484 21 283 58P7466918 2005 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 50% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.83 5.37 15.56 3.59 2503.8 435 5 81 18 435 30 86 20P7468076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 33689 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.53 1.49 20.22 4.17 8189.2 620 27 360 74 623 27 365 75P7476918 2005 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 50% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.83 5.37 15.56 3.59 2441.9 424 4 79 18 424 29 84 19P7478076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 39412 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.56 1.49 20.26 4.18 10489.8 794 35 462 95 799 35 469 97P7488076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 47334 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.60 1.49 20.32 4.19 7472.2 566 25 329 68 570 25 335 69P7513029 2000 13 - CREW CAB 100% 46546 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.28 1.33 17.81 3.91 840.6 89 2 33 7 89 2 33 7P7553031 1988 12 - SPECIALIZED CREW CAB 0 100% 93405 HT Light Heavy Duty 60.83 6.17 16.96 8.97 61.09 6.30 19.84 9.23 528.1 71 7 20 10 71 7 23 11P7539527 1993 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7592060 1988 A7 - PONY 100% 158148 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 116.03 8.22 26.43 8.76 2444.7 610 43 130 46 625 44 142 47P7599034 2002 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 47% 57790 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.80 1.40 15.82 5.54 4883.2 697 15 160 59 698 15 170 60P7619435 1980 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 30 11 1 6 1 11 2 6 1P7634918 2006 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 38% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.80 4.24 15.65 3.47 3156.4 548 6 102 23 548 29 109 24P7658076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 41729 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.57 1.49 20.28 4.18 11595.7 878 38 510 105 884 38 518 107P7662060 1988 FO - WATER 100% 109360 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.15 8.13 25.73 8.67 316.5 79 6 17 6 80 6 18 6

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P7668076 2005 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 33% 47938 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.61 1.49 20.33 4.19 12035.7 911 40 530 109 918 40 539 111P7688034 2003 36 - PICK UP 75% 60368 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.30 1.33 17.87 3.93 2561 272 8 99 22 273 8 101 22P7708071 1997 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 47863 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.62 1.48 20.17 4.16 4283.7 806 14 187 38 809 14 190 39P7716918 2007 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 25% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.78 3.10 15.29 3.40 2267.1 393 4 73 16 394 15 76 17P7718071 1997 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 106063 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.95 1.48 20.60 4.27 5911.2 1112 19 258 53 1120 19 268 56P7728071 1997 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 72010 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.76 1.48 20.35 4.21 6553.4 1233 21 286 59 1239 21 294 61P7738071 1997 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 82577 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.82 1.48 20.42 4.23 6158.1 1159 20 269 55 1165 20 277 57P7748071 1997 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 300 100% 93290 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.88 1.48 20.50 4.25 5237.4 986 17 229 47 992 17 237 49P7811527 1995 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 2.4 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0P7821527 1995 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 1.6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7823037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 57697 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.19 1.18 17.86 3.93 6968.1 370 18 270 59 372 18 274 60P7829069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 24056 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 6510.7 493 21 287 59 495 21 289 60P7836918 2007 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 25% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.78 3.10 15.29 3.40 1969.9 342 4 63 14 342 13 66 15P7846918 2007 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 25% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.78 3.10 15.29 3.40 1750.7 304 3 56 13 304 12 59 13P7868071 1997 A4 - TRI AXLE DUMP 350 100% 24590 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.49 1.48 19.99 4.12 4400.7 828 14 192 40 829 14 194 40P7868076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 28516 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 6760.2 512 22 298 61 514 22 301 62P7878076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 26282 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 8479.1 642 28 373 77 645 28 377 78P7879071 1998 II - MULTI-BODY 100% 17665 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 68.77 1.49 20.10 4.14 572.1 87 2 25 5 87 2 25 5P7888076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 30814 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 7425.6 562 24 327 67 565 24 331 68P7898076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 28345 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 7650.5 579 25 337 69 582 25 340 70P7901494 2003 20 - GENERATOR 50 100% 0 OR Light Commercial Generator Sets 107.53 7.36 45.51 9.99 107.99 16.44 47.45 10.68 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7906918 2008 55 - TRACTOR MOWER 175 13% 0 OR Lawn & Garden Tractors (Commercia 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.75 1.97 14.94 3.33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7908076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 36122 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.54 1.49 20.24 4.17 8406.1 636 28 370 76 640 28 375 77P7918076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 48538 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.61 1.49 20.33 4.20 11671 883 38 514 106 890 38 523 108P7944918 2008 54 - TRACTOR 175 20% 0 OR Off-Highway Tractors 54.65 2.68 21.65 3.86 54.69 4.48 22.21 3.96 27.2 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 0P7963029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 90952 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.35 1.33 18.00 3.98 4725 502 14 183 40 504 14 188 41P7973029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 104757 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.06 4.00 6994.5 743 21 271 59 746 21 279 62P7973527 1995 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7983029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 83654 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.34 1.33 17.97 3.97 4543.7 483 13 176 39 484 13 180 40P7983527 1995 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7993029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 95263 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.35 1.33 18.02 3.99 6000.6 638 18 233 51 640 18 238 53P7993527 1995 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P7993918 2008 31 - MOWER 50 20% 0 OR Lawn mowers (Commerical 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.77 2.65 15.15 3.37 18.8 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 0P8053918 2008 31 - MOWER 50 20% 0 OR Lawn mowers (Commerical 78.73 0.83 14.59 3.26 78.77 2.65 15.15 3.37 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8068071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 103127 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.25 1.49 20.74 4.30 6258.2 947 21 275 57 955 21 286 59P8073029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 103852 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.06 4.00 6172.7 656 18 239 52 658 18 246 54P8083029 2002 13 - CREW CAB 88% 106378 HT Light Heavy Duty 48.21 1.33 17.60 3.85 48.37 1.33 18.07 4.00 6350.5 675 19 246 54 677 19 253 56P8098076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 17555 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 5452 413 18 240 49 414 18 242 50P8099060 1988 D8 - AERIAL LIFT 100% 57239 HT Medium Heavy Duty 109.63 7.50 28.99 11.25 110.51 7.70 30.74 11.45 1316.8 318 22 84 33 321 22 89 33P8101527 1996 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8109029 2003 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 40% 36751 HT Medium Heavy Duty 64.70 1.40 14.90 5.44 64.76 1.40 15.48 5.50 3180.5 454 10 105 38 454 10 109 39P8109064 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 100% 137758 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.67 8.18 26.14 8.72 1945.1 485 34 104 36 496 35 112 37P8119064 1988 DN - PLATFORM 100% 221657 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 117.18 8.33 27.35 8.87 3157.6 788 55 168 59 816 58 190 62P8119435 1980 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 215.8 80 8 43 8 80 12 45 8P8122069 2008 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 260 8% 8019 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.38 1.49 20.03 4.12 2640.1 200 9 116 24 200 9 117 24P8138071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 102265 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.25 1.49 20.73 4.30 6281 951 21 276 57 959 21 287 59P8148071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 77819 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.11 1.49 20.55 4.25 7002.3 1060 23 308 63 1067 23 317 66P8149064 1988 DN - PLATFORM 100% 236403 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 117.44 8.36 27.56 8.90 2777.5 693 49 148 52 719 51 169 54P8158071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 103488 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.25 1.49 20.74 4.30 7427.5 1125 24 327 67 1134 24 340 70P8168071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 82120 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.13 1.49 20.58 4.26 3446.5 522 11 152 31 525 11 156 32P8178071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 61806 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.02 1.49 20.43 4.22 6561.3 993 22 289 59 998 22 296 61P8211527 1996 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 8.7 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 0P8221527 1996 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8251494 2005 20 - GENERATOR 50 80% 0 OR Light Commercial Generator Sets 93.71 3.83 45.51 7.68 93.89 11.09 47.06 8.21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8308076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 24911 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.15 4.15 9575.5 725 32 422 87 728 32 425 88P8318076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 26197 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 7862.4 595 26 346 71 598 26 349 72P8328076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 19472 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.11 4.14 7058.5 534 23 311 64 536 23 313 64P8338071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 68263 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.06 1.49 20.48 4.23 7085.6 1073 23 312 64 1079 23 320 66P8338076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 20618 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 7193.7 545 24 317 65 546 24 319 66P8348076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 17810 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 6080.7 460 20 268 55 462 20 269 55P8359069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 23067 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 6078.8 460 20 268 55 462 20 270 56P8369069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 17822 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 4850.3 367 16 214 44 368 16 215 44P8379069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 8814 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.39 1.49 20.03 4.12 2592.2 196 9 114 23 197 9 114 24P8383037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 42635 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.79 3.91 3730.3 198 10 145 32 199 10 146 32P8389069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 12160 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.41 1.49 20.06 4.13 4463.4 338 15 196 40 339 15 197 41P8393037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 50554 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.82 3.92 3915.7 208 10 152 33 209 10 154 34P8399069 2008 A5 - FUEL 10% 10464 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 2639.4 200 9 116 24 200 9 117 24P8403037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 57251 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.19 1.18 17.85 3.93 7236.5 385 19 281 61 386 19 285 63P8408071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 85679 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.15 1.49 20.61 4.27 4917.7 745 16 216 45 750 16 223 46P8413037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 45085 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.80 3.91 5553.8 295 14 215 47 296 14 218 48P8416034 2005 36 - PICK UP 50% 39712 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.78 3.90 2272.5 121 6 88 19 121 6 89 20P8418071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 92757 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.19 1.49 20.66 4.28 4599.1 696 15 202 42 702 15 209 43P8418076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 28243 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 6849.3 518 23 302 62 521 23 305 63P8423037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 66406 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.20 1.18 17.89 3.94 7902.9 420 21 307 67 422 21 312 69P8428071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 86466 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.16 1.49 20.61 4.27 5383.2 815 18 237 49 821 18 245 51P8428076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 32436 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.17 8895.6 673 29 392 81 677 29 396 82P8433037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 52261 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.83 3.92 6480 344 17 251 55 345 17 255 56P8438071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 88260 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.17 1.49 20.63 4.27 4872.4 738 16 214 44 743 16 222 46P8438076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 25742 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.48 1.49 20.16 4.15 6926.3 524 23 305 63 527 23 308 63P8439069 2008 D8 - AERIAL LIFT 5% 4585 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 14.98 5.44 1688.6 120 5 55 20 120 5 56 20P8443037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 52095 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.83 3.92 5741.5 305 15 223 49 306 15 226 50P8448071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 91128 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.18 1.49 20.65 4.28 3956.2 599 13 174 36 603 13 180 37P8452069 2008 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 260 8% 6620 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.02 4.12 1719 130 6 76 16 130 6 76 16P8453037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 60733 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.20 1.18 17.87 3.94 5512.4 293 14 214 47 294 14 217 48P8458071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 91896 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.19 1.49 20.65 4.28 6689.3 1013 22 294 61 1020 22 305 63P8468071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 71402 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.07 1.49 20.50 4.24 4164 630 14 183 38 634 14 188 39P8469435 1980 RA - PAVING ROLLER 175 100% 0 OR Rollers 167.35 16.57 90.04 15.96 167.81 25.55 93.55 16.85 125.6 46 5 25 4 46 7 26 5P8473037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 59232 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.19 1.18 17.86 3.93 7768.7 413 20 301 66 414 20 306 67P8478071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 85112 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.15 1.49 20.60 4.26 5440.8 824 18 240 49 829 18 247 51P8483037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 72500 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.21 1.18 17.92 3.95 7730.9 411 20 300 66 413 20 305 67P8488071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 92483 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.19 1.49 20.66 4.28 7516.1 1138 25 331 68 1146 25 342 71P8498071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 98659 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.23 1.49 20.70 4.29 7236 1096 24 319 65 1104 24 330 68P8508071 1998 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 92% 81457 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.13 1.49 20.58 4.26 5685 861 19 250 51 866 19 258 53P8533527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8543037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 68114 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.21 1.18 17.90 3.95 6558 349 17 254 56 350 17 259 57P8543527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8553037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 62774 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.20 1.18 17.88 3.94 6876.8 365 18 267 58 367 18 271 60

Fleet Emissions Model

Calculated Emissions from All PennDOT District 8-0 Equipment, 2008-2009 Fuel Fiscal Year

NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC NOx PM CO HC

2008-09 Fuel Consumption (gal)

Emissions Using Initial Factors Only (lb) Emissions Considering DeteriorationInitial Emissions Factor (g/gal) Current EF With DeteriorationEquipment ID

Model

Year(1)

PennDOT Description Horsepower(2) % Useful life used

(years)(3)

Mileage(4) Vehicle Category for Emissions

Modeling(5)

Vehicle Subcategory for Emissions

Modeling(6)

P8553527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8563037 2004 13 - CREW CAB 325 63% 79939 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.22 1.18 17.95 3.96 7509.9 399 20 291 64 401 20 297 66P8563527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8574527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8603527 1994 26 - LIGHT 50 100% 0 OR Other Construction Equipmen 111.87 13.56 91.34 17.62 112.28 21.65 94.51 18.42 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8732060 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 140207 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.71 8.18 26.17 8.72 853.7 213 15 45 16 218 15 49 16P8789034 2006 B9 - DUMP-UTILITY 30% 14303 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.29 1.40 15.13 5.46 3378 240 10 111 40 240 10 113 41P8809034 2006 D4 - SHOP SUPPORT 20% 6456 HT Medium Heavy Duty 32.26 1.40 14.90 5.44 32.27 1.40 15.01 5.45 1370.6 97 4 45 16 98 4 45 16P8849064 1994 37 - POST DRIVER 75% 37628 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 85.36 1.48 19.81 4.07 85.57 1.48 20.09 4.14 1140.4 215 4 50 10 215 4 51 10P8858076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 23535 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.14 4.15 4930.2 373 16 217 45 375 16 219 45P8868076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 31229 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 8063.3 610 27 355 73 613 27 359 74P8878076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 28328 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.50 1.49 20.18 4.16 7565.6 573 25 333 68 575 25 337 69P8902069 2009 15 - SINGLE AXLE DUMP 0 0% 1323 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.34 1.49 19.98 4.11 289.5 22 1 13 3 22 1 13 3P8893034 2006 36 - PICK UP 38% 12412 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.13 1.18 17.65 3.86 1971.8 105 5 77 17 105 5 77 17P8909064 1998 DI - PAINT SUPPLY 100% 78541 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.11 1.49 20.55 4.25 5028.8 761 17 221 46 766 17 228 47P8919064 1998 DI - PAINT SUPPLY 100% 101618 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.24 1.49 20.73 4.30 5477.1 829 18 241 50 836 18 250 52P8919069 #N/A 04 - CARGO STEP 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 156.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P8939069 2009 A5 - FUEL 0 0% 5767 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.37 1.49 20.01 4.12 1783.1 135 6 78 16 135 6 79 16P9019064 2001 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 250 80% 95546 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.21 1.49 20.68 4.28 10741.7 1626 35 473 97 1639 35 490 101P9052060 1988 D1 - ANTI-ICING 210 100% 91654 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.84 8.10 25.47 8.64 521.9 130 9 28 10 132 9 29 10P9062060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 103979 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.06 8.12 25.65 8.66 1050.1 262 18 56 20 266 19 59 20P9072060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 99030 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 114.97 8.11 25.58 8.65 900.5 225 16 48 17 228 16 51 17P9089064 2001 56 - TRACTOR TRUCK 250 80% 75832 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.10 1.49 20.53 4.25 7672.6 1162 25 338 69 1169 25 347 72P9108071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 61573 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.02 1.49 20.43 4.22 4579.2 693 15 202 41 697 15 206 43P9158071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 79432 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.12 1.49 20.56 4.25 5557.8 841 18 245 50 847 18 252 52P9168071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 100499 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.24 1.49 20.72 4.29 4406.9 667 15 194 40 673 15 201 42P9173037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 49879 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.82 3.92 6155.4 327 16 239 52 328 16 242 53P9189064 2002 A7 - PONY 250 70% 199076 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.79 1.49 21.45 4.48 18433.9 2791 61 811 167 2836 61 872 182P9213037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 40022 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.78 3.90 6452.2 343 17 250 55 344 17 253 56P9218076 2006 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 25% 31837 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.52 1.49 20.21 4.16 5235.1 396 17 230 47 398 17 233 48P9223037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 37157 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.76 3.90 5883.3 313 15 228 50 313 15 230 51P9233037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 43166 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.79 3.91 5499.4 292 14 213 47 293 14 216 47P9237895 #N/A 50 - SPREADER 0 #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A #N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0P9243037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 46082 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.17 1.18 17.80 3.91 5021.5 267 13 195 43 268 13 197 43P9248071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 70574 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.07 1.49 20.49 4.24 4618.7 699 15 203 42 703 15 209 43P9253037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 48813 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.18 1.18 17.82 3.92 5356.2 285 14 208 45 286 14 210 46P9263037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 36822 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.76 3.90 4977.8 265 13 193 42 265 13 195 43P9268071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 92459 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.19 1.49 20.66 4.28 9718.3 1471 32 428 88 1482 32 443 92P9273037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 34001 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.75 3.90 5564.9 296 15 216 47 296 15 218 48P9278071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 89435 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.17 1.49 20.64 4.27 5060.9 766 17 223 46 772 17 230 48P9309064 2007 D7 - MOBILE SERVICE VEHICLE 10% 28120 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.49 1.49 20.18 4.16 920.7 70 3 41 8 70 3 41 8P9328071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 89606 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.18 1.49 20.64 4.27 9176.4 1389 30 404 83 1399 30 417 86P9348071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 70775 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.07 1.49 20.50 4.24 4960 751 16 218 45 755 16 224 46P9352060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 116235 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.28 8.14 25.83 8.68 475.5 119 8 25 9 121 9 27 9P9358071 1999 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 350 83% 72935 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 68.67 1.49 19.97 4.11 69.08 1.49 20.51 4.24 4642.9 703 15 204 42 707 15 210 43P9359064 2007 A5 - FUEL 20% 41506 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.57 1.49 20.28 4.18 11674.1 884 38 514 106 890 38 522 108P9628076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 16501 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.09 4.14 5631.3 426 19 248 51 427 19 249 51P9638076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 19365 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.11 4.14 3184.7 241 10 140 29 242 10 141 29P9648076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 31364 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.51 1.49 20.20 4.16 4965.6 376 16 219 45 378 16 221 46P9658076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 16002 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.09 4.14 4424.2 335 15 195 40 336 15 196 40P9668076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 17084 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.43 1.49 20.10 4.14 5794.7 439 19 255 52 440 19 257 53P9678076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 17944 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.44 1.49 20.10 4.14 6417.9 486 21 283 58 487 21 284 59P9688076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 21358 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.46 1.49 20.13 4.15 8011.3 606 26 353 73 609 26 355 73P9698076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 11274 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.40 1.49 20.05 4.13 3276.3 248 11 144 30 248 11 145 30P9743037 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 34766 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.75 3.90 4201.6 223 11 163 36 224 11 164 36P9753037 2006 13 - CREW CAB 325 38% 38043 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.16 1.18 17.77 3.90 4587.5 244 12 178 39 244 12 180 39P9773037 2005 13 - CREW CAB 325 50% 66347 HT Light Heavy Duty 24.11 1.18 17.60 3.85 24.20 1.18 17.89 3.94 9978.4 530 26 387 85 532 26 394 87P9792060 1988 D2 - SHADOW VEHICLE 210 100% 106539 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 113.18 7.93 24.15 8.47 115.10 8.12 25.69 8.66 592.2 148 10 32 11 150 11 34 11P9918076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 24610 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.47 1.49 20.15 4.15 4989 378 16 220 45 379 16 222 46P9988076 2007 A1 - TANDEM DUMP 370 17% 20600 HT Heavy Heavy Duty 34.34 1.49 19.97 4.11 34.45 1.49 20.12 4.14 4289.7 325 14 189 39 326 14 190 39

3378018 406834 13834 153441 33460 204 8.9 79 17.2

54.91 2.39 21.12 4.63(3) % Useful life is used in calculating deterioration factors for off-road equipment. Useful lives for each piece of equipment was provided by PennDOT. % Useful life was capped at 100% if a vehicle was in used beyond its expected life. 170 5.5 67 14.5(4) Mileage is used in calculating deterioration factors for trucks. Mileage was calculated as the arithmetic mean mileage of all readings during the study period and thus is representative of mid-year conditions. 34 3.4 12 2.7(5) "HT" = Heavy Truck; MOBILE6 emissions factors used for modeling. "OR" = Off-Road; NONROAD emissions factors used for modeling. 50.65 1.63 19.91 4.31(6) HT categories include Light (8500 < GVW <= 19,500 lbs), Medium (19,500 < GVW <= 33,000 lbs) and Heavy (GWV > 33,000 lbs); OR categories are more and are based on equipment usage type as indicated by the designation. 94.23 9.39 32.35 7.54

(1) Equipment with model years before 1980 (for off-road equipment) and 1988 (for trucks) were set to model years 1980 and 1988 respectively to assign emissions factors, since those were the earliest years available in the respective documentation.

Fleetwide Weighted Average Emissions Factor (g/gal)

Trucks Weighted Average Emissions Factor (g/gal)Off-Road Weighted Average Emissions Factor (g/gal)

Trucks Total Emissions (short tons)Off-Road Total Emissions (short tons)

(2) Horsepower is used for assigning emissions factors to off-road equipment. Horsepower ratings were not available for most equipment; a few graders and rollers were provided with HP ratings between 100 and 175. Therefore, HP ratings for equipment for which this data was not provided, were set to emissions factor ranges 100-175 (designated by the maximum number, i.e. 175) for large equipment such as rollers and graders, and 50 HP for smaller equipment such as lawn mowers and snowblowers.