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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017, pp.

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BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN I

ARCHITECTURE

(ETHOS OF PAST,

CT Institute of

ABSTRACT

Bioclimatic design of a building is the design which govern the climate of each

region, aims to ensure the necessary conditions with minimal energy consumption,

utilizing the available environmen

is to help save energy for lighting as well as heating and cooling of buildings. Various

techniques used for bioclimatic design are thermal protection shell, passive solar

systems techniques and natural c

of bioclimatic design is to adapt the buildings with the local climate of the

environment and to ensure that thermal comfort conditions are maintained inside.

Traditional settlements are sustainable with

well as available resources. This paper aims at investigating the environmental

behaviour of vernacular architecture and identification of different along with the

study of the factors that majorly contribute in ach

with thermal comfort within traditional buildings and their surroundings. Based on

the principles of traditional architecture known for centuries identify strategies that

provide human comfort condition in buildings.

Key words: Bioclimatic architecture,

System.

Cite this Article: Shruti H Kapur Bioclimatic Design In Traditional Architecture For

Hot Dry Climate (Ethos Of Past,

Engineering and Technology

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1. INTRODUCTION

The word bio climatic deals with living organism and climate. Energy conservation keystone

is architecture. Building, as they're designed and used nowadays, c

environmental issues because of excessive consumption of energy and different natural

resources. Typical design typically fails to take advantage of passive style ways like building

orientation, shading, insulation, day lighting, and

IJCIET/index.asp 1401 [email protected]

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 2017, pp. 1401–1410, Article ID: IJCIET_08_05_151


6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316

Scopus Indexed

IOCLIMATIC DESIGN IN TRADITIONAL

ECTURE FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE

(ETHOS OF PAST, VIABILITY IN PRESENT)

Shruti H Kapur

Assistant Professor,

CT Institute of Architecture and Planning, Jalandhar, India



utilizing the available environmental sources .The main aim of the bioclimatic design



systems techniques and natural cooling and natural lighting techniques .The main aim



Traditional settlements are sustainable with regard to their environmental context as



study of the factors that majorly contribute in achieving a pleasant environment along



provide human comfort condition in buildings.

Bioclimatic architecture, Passive Design ,Orientation, Ventilation

Shruti H Kapur Bioclimatic Design In Traditional Architecture For

Hot Dry Climate (Ethos Of Past, Viability In Present). International Journal of Civil

Engineering and Technology, 8(5), 2017, pp. 1401–1410.



is architecture. Building, as they're designed and used nowadays, contributes to serious



orientation, shading, insulation, day lighting, and natural ventilation.

[email protected]

asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=5

N TRADITIONAL

FOR HOT DRY CLIMATE

ILITY IN PRESENT)

India.



tal sources .The main aim of the bioclimatic design



ooling and natural lighting techniques .The main aim



regard to their environmental context as



ieving a pleasant environment along



Ventilation

Shruti H Kapur Bioclimatic Design In Traditional Architecture For

International Journal of Civil



ontributes to serious



Bioclimatic Design In Traditional Architecture For Hot Dry Climate (Ethos Of Past,


2. BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN A

Bio climatical design, it means the design that contains a connection to nature. Thus

bioclimatic design is that the style of building taking into consideration of the precise climatic

condition of the place, mistreatment natural resources to cut back the environmental impact,

and check out to resolve energy consumption. Renewable energy is the clean energy, which

might be perpetually updated and frequently used. It's harmless or harm minimum

natural surroundings. Moreover, its resources are widely distributed, so is fit for using in

native. The renewable energy principally includes solar, wind, water, biomass, geothermal

and ocean energy, and different non

temperature change issue or brooding about the long run energy that is essentially due to use

of fossil fuel(A, summer thermal and daylighting conditions in 19th century traditional

buildings of morocco, 2006). The prevailing

energy for lightening, heating, cooling and varied energy run equipment’s largely utilized by

fossil fuels. Because of that we are loosening energy fuels more and more, and that we aren't

giving care on this issue. Today’s intention ought to be to switch this fuel by alternative

energy that is free and out there in abundance at the instant. However, alternative energy has

not been utilized in such an outsized issue or that expectation specially in the buil

to switch the utilization of fossil fuels. The intention here is to focus on style prospects

relating to the utilization of solar technology

3. CASE STUDY

Demonstrated that thermal mass and building envelope affect the indoor microclimate:

passive features of the heritage building: the case of the

The heritage buildings use solar passive techniques to portray a sensitive approach to

energy consciousness needed for indoor comfort conditions. The study case of Gohar M

a Heritage building of Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) is taken into account. Gohar Begum, the

first women ruler of Bhopal, built the building in 1820.

by our ancestors to this Gohar Mahal, a palace besides Bhopal upper lak

taking all the solar passive elements

and building envelope of this structure has a major impact on stabilizing inside temperatures,

affecting indoor mechanisms and thus providing therm

Figure



BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN AS CONNECTION TO NATURE



ion of the place, mistreatment natural resources to cut back the environmental impact,


might be perpetually updated and frequently used. It's harmless or harm minimum



and ocean energy, and different non-fossil energy. It’s the time, the world is debating on the


(A, summer thermal and daylighting conditions in 19th century traditional

. The prevailing building that is liable for use of huge quantity of



his issue. Today’s intention ought to be to switch this fuel by alternative


not been utilized in such an outsized issue or that expectation specially in the buil


relating to the utilization of solar technology.

emonstrated that thermal mass and building envelope affect the indoor microclimate:

passive features of the heritage building: the case of the Gohar Mahal,


energy consciousness needed for indoor comfort conditions. The study case of Gohar M


first women ruler of Bhopal, built the building in 1820. The inbuilt passive concepts applied

by our ancestors to this Gohar Mahal, a palace besides Bhopal upper lak

taking all the solar passive elements(Fig.1). This study demonstrated that the thermal mass


affecting indoor mechanisms and thus providing thermal comfort.

Figure 1 Verandahs All Around The Courtyards

Figure 2 Rear View of Gohar Mahal

Viability In Present)

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RE



ion of the place, mistreatment natural resources to cut back the environmental impact,


might be perpetually updated and frequently used. It's harmless or harm minimum for the



the world is debating on the


(A, summer thermal and daylighting conditions in 19th century traditional

building that is liable for use of huge quantity of



his issue. Today’s intention ought to be to switch this fuel by alternative


not been utilized in such an outsized issue or that expectation specially in the building sector


emonstrated that thermal mass and building envelope affect the indoor microclimate: solar

ahal, Bhopal


energy consciousness needed for indoor comfort conditions. The study case of Gohar Mahal-


The inbuilt passive concepts applied

by our ancestors to this Gohar Mahal, a palace besides Bhopal upper lake are analyze by

. This study demonstrated that the thermal mass



3.1. Passive solar design of buildings

3.1.1: Landscaping:

Trees, plants and water body near by help the

cooling. Water bodies like ponds, lake or founta

air temperature around the buildings. Ground cooling by earth berming keep the inside

temperature much down in summer and moderate

towards the lakeside i.e. in southwest direction, to get the cool air in and let the hot air out.

This makes building much cool in summer

3.1.2. Orientation

The long wall is at south side and maximum openings are given at wall that is lake side to

capture the prevailing summer wind. The main rooms are facing North with small openings

and attached with huge courtyards and verandahs.

3.1.3. Site location and site conditions

Water evaporation has a cooling effect in the surroundings. It takes up heat from the air

through evaporation and causes significant cooling especially in hot & dry climate zone. This

is observed in at the site also.

3.1.4. Openings, Semi Openings and Built Form

There are four courtyards; two of them divide the building longitudinally in three parts and

transversely in two parts (Fig.5)

very common passive solar device and was often

Figure 3 Air Funnel Figure

In Gohar Mahal more space is around the building, this provide prevalent and effected

cross- ventilation through a series of openings from the

central courtyards and out of an opening at the entrance/rear. This was the 'air funnel' of the

house (Fig.5). The entrance lobby acted as a wind funnel focusing the incident wind into the

courtyard that lay on this air funn

it.

3.2. Building envelope

Building envelope components are the key determinants of the amount of heat gain or loss

and wind that enters inside the building.

3.2.1. Walls

Most of the walls are made of adobe bricks. Walls are of varying thickness i.e. from 5’3” to

2’2”. All the walls are thick massive walls as to increase the time lag. The plaster provided is

lime plaster with surkhi (Fig.6)

Shruti H Kapur


ssive solar design of buildings

Trees, plants and water body near by help the building to keep cool in summer by evaporation

cooling. Water bodies like ponds, lake or fountains in the landscape help reduce microclimate


temperature much down in summer and moderate in winter (Fig.2). Maximum openings are


This makes building much cool in summer.

south side and maximum openings are given at wall that is lake side to


and attached with huge courtyards and verandahs.

te location and site conditions

tion has a cooling effect in the surroundings. It takes up heat from the air


Openings, Semi Openings and Built Form

four courtyards; two of them divide the building longitudinally in three parts and

(Fig.5). The central courtyard of a typical traditional house was a

very common passive solar device and was often considered the lung of the hous

igure 4 Low Ht. Parapets Figure 5 Courtyard Effect


ventilation through a series of openings from the rear/entrance door, through the


. The entrance lobby acted as a wind funnel focusing the incident wind into the

courtyard that lay on this air funnel, which in turn ventilated the living areas grouped around


and wind that enters inside the building.

f adobe bricks. Walls are of varying thickness i.e. from 5’3” to

All the walls are thick massive walls as to increase the time lag. The plaster provided is

(Fig.6).

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building to keep cool in summer by evaporation

landscape help reduce microclimate


. Maximum openings are


south side and maximum openings are given at wall that is lake side to


tion has a cooling effect in the surroundings. It takes up heat from the air


four courtyards; two of them divide the building longitudinally in three parts and

. The central courtyard of a typical traditional house was a

considered the lung of the house(Fig.4).

Courtyard Effect


rear/entrance door, through the


. The entrance lobby acted as a wind funnel focusing the incident wind into the

el, which in turn ventilated the living areas grouped around


f adobe bricks. Walls are of varying thickness i.e. from 5’3” to

All the walls are thick massive walls as to increase the time lag. The plaster provided is



Figure

3.2.2. Roof

Few rooms (lake side) have double roof (false ceiling). Building that has few roof /ceilings

with a air gap in between is a good concept of passive cooling. Two types of construction are

used for roofs and floors. The traditional method is to lay closely space

cover them with flagstones and then layers of lime, jute and surkhi.

3.2.3. Windows, Doors, Ventilators and other openings

All the window shutters and frames are of timber. Windows at the windward side are mostly

placed at floor level; their sizes are 4’2”x2’8”. Wind catchers are provided in the form of

hexagonal shaped. In verandahs also windows are provided which aerated th

keep the temperature down even in hot summer afternoons

3.2.4. Doors

Timber doors are usually rectangular in shape and the dimensions of the doors are varied

place to place. The entrance doors are quite huge. But most of the intern

about 5’3”-5’6’’ only. Tapered walls are here for easy movement of air from low pressure to

high pressure.

Figure

3.2.5. Ventilation and other openings

For natural ventilation, the flow of air is

or by the buoyancy effect of temperature differences between inside and outside (Stack

effect). Almost all the ventilators are inclined i.e. highly elevated at outside and low at inside.

The arch shaped ventilators are highly tapered these are for spot light i.e. lightning the whole

room naturally. Highly elevated small openings keep the room cool. Numbers of jharokhas

are also given for free flow of wind.

3.2.6. Sun Shades and chajjas

Shades play important role for protecting the building from direct sunlight. In Gohar Mahal

shades of flagstone are provided all the four sides of the building. Generally they are slightly

inclined and 900mm wide. They are supported on stone cornice. They are perfect to gain

direct solar radiation in winter and shades in summer



ure 6 Doors and windows/Tapered walls

rooms (lake side) have double roof (false ceiling). Building that has few roof /ceilings


used for roofs and floors. The traditional method is to lay closely spaced timber beams and

cover them with flagstones and then layers of lime, jute and surkhi.

Ventilators and other openings



hexagonal shaped. In verandahs also windows are provided which aerated th

keep the temperature down even in hot summer afternoons (Fig 7).


place to place. The entrance doors are quite huge. But most of the intern

only. Tapered walls are here for easy movement of air from low pressure to

ure 7 Windows and ventilators in Gohar Mahal

and other openings

For natural ventilation, the flow of air is caused by the pressure of the wind (cross ventilation)



d ventilators are highly tapered these are for spot light i.e. lightning the whole


are also given for free flow of wind.

Sun Shades and chajjas


are provided all the four sides of the building. Generally they are slightly


direct solar radiation in winter and shades in summer (Fig.8).


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rooms (lake side) have double roof (false ceiling). Building that has few roof /ceilings


d timber beams and



hexagonal shaped. In verandahs also windows are provided which aerated the verandah and


place to place. The entrance doors are quite huge. But most of the internal door height is

only. Tapered walls are here for easy movement of air from low pressure to

caused by the pressure of the wind (cross ventilation)



d ventilators are highly tapered these are for spot light i.e. lightning the whole



are provided all the four sides of the building. Generally they are slightly



3.3. Building Material

Choice of building material for the envelope is important to reduce the energy content of the

building, this means selection of building materials which use low energy in their

manufacturing. The choice of building mat

The natural building materials available for construction in Bhopal are stones, timber, and

clay and lime stone. Choice along with positioning of suitable building materials is used in

Gohar Mahal particularly within internal and external fabric where thermal mass effects are

used. In Gohar Mahal the building materials used are; bricks stone,

jute fabric

3.3.1. Key Findings :GLOBAL CONTEXT

Global warming refers to the increase in the ave

atmosphere during the last 100 years, with two

the last few decades. The building sectors are the major source of demand for energy and

materials that manufacture green

or arrangement of the building ought to be in the following

A. Shelter or Form

C. Building Envelope

3.3. Shelter or Form

Process of architectural design may be a complicated exercise, involving interactive

relationship between natures and ranging magnitude. Numerous concepts have dominated

architectural thought during this century. Nevertheless the elemental issue of energy as the

associate degree embodiment of the sun, wind and light

been a basic paradigm of design

3.3.1. Land form

Topography and slope orientation. The landform or topography of the site and surrounding

could either be flat, sloping or undulating. Landform orientation has very little meaning once

the land is flat. In northern latitude (away from the equator) south slope receive the foremost

while North Slope receive the smallest amount direction radiation. In southern latitude

simply the reverse happens. East and west oriented slopes receive direct radiation mostly

during the morning and evening respectively

Shruti H Kapur


Figure 8 Effect of slanting slope



manufacturing. The choice of building material is also important to achieve indoor comfort.



arly within internal and external fabric where thermal mass effects are

used. In Gohar Mahal the building materials used are; bricks stone, timber,

Key Findings :GLOBAL CONTEXT

Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of the earth’s oceans and

atmosphere during the last 100 years, with two-thirds of that increase occurring throughout


materials that manufacture greenhouse emission. By taking view of global warming the plan

or arrangement of the building ought to be in the following:

Shelter or Form B. Climate and Thermal Comfort

Building Envelope D. Opening and Day lightning

architectural design may be a complicated exercise, involving interactive



ciate degree embodiment of the sun, wind and light – the natural environment has not

been a basic paradigm of design(group, 1993).

opography and slope orientation. The landform or topography of the site and surrounding

sloping or undulating. Landform orientation has very little meaning once


while North Slope receive the smallest amount direction radiation. In southern latitude


during the morning and evening respectively (Fig.9).

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erial is also important to achieve indoor comfort.



arly within internal and external fabric where thermal mass effects are

timber, lime, sandstone,

rage temperature of the earth’s oceans and

thirds of that increase occurring throughout


. By taking view of global warming the plan

architectural design may be a complicated exercise, involving interactive



the natural environment has not

opography and slope orientation. The landform or topography of the site and surrounding

sloping or undulating. Landform orientation has very little meaning once


while North Slope receive the smallest amount direction radiation. In southern latitudes




3.3.2. Vegetation Pattern

Radiation is absorbed by shrubs, trees and plants during Photosynthesis; this in turn cools the

environment. Trees and hedge also affect airflow. On the other hand, careful placement of

trees and hedges can direct and increase air speed. Trees and vegetat

humidity levels. This needs to be considered when employing trees in hot dry and warm

humid regions (Fig.10).

3.3.3. Water Bodies

Water absorbs a relatively large amount of radiation. They also allow ev

a result, during day time areas around water bodies are generally cooler and at night, water

bodies release large amount of heat to the surroundings. This heat can be used for warming

purposes.

3.3.4. Street Width and Orientation

The amount of direct radiation received on the street is determined by the street width,

modulating the street width and orientation can very effectively control solar radiation.

hot dry climate the prime need it’s minimized heat gain. It can be achie

sunlight .In cold climate wide streets especially the east west streets allow building to receive

the south sun. The primary need for warm and humid climates is air movement. So the streets

need to be oriented to utilize the natural

3.4. Open space and built form

An open area, especially large one allows more of the natural climate of the place to prevail.

So large open spaces allow for free air movement. The built pattern is also important; it can

increase, decrease and modify air speeds.Open space gains heat during the day. If the ground

is hard and building is hard and building surface are dark in color then much of this

radiation is reflected and absorbed by the building. If the ground is soft and gree

heat is reflected (Fig.11).



Figure 9 Land form



trees and hedges can direct and increase air speed. Trees and vegetation would also increase


Figure 10 Vegetation pattern

Water absorbs a relatively large amount of radiation. They also allow evaporative cooling. As



Street Width and Orientation


modulating the street width and orientation can very effectively control solar radiation.

hot dry climate the prime need it’s minimized heat gain. It can be achieved


The primary need for warm and humid climates is air movement. So the streets

to utilize the natural wind patterns(Abro, 1994).

Open space and built form



, decrease and modify air speeds.Open space gains heat during the day. If the ground


radiation is reflected and absorbed by the building. If the ground is soft and gree


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ion would also increase


aporative cooling. As




modulating the street width and orientation can very effectively control solar radiation. In a

ved by cutting off the


The primary need for warm and humid climates is air movement. So the streets



, decrease and modify air speeds.Open space gains heat during the day. If the ground


radiation is reflected and absorbed by the building. If the ground is soft and green then unless


Figure 11 Open space and built form

3.5. Fenstration and pattern configuratio

The fenestration pattern and configuration involves the area, location, positioning

of the windows. This has an impact on air movement, daylight and glare indoors. Windows

location makes a difference to the quality of light obtained indoors. High windows

(ventilator) provide the best distribution of the direct and diffuse light.

ground reflected light. The light being reflected the most uniform ventilation the middle

located windows, distributes neither skylight nor ground reflected light well. Some basic rules

of thumb can be followed in the positioning of t

(Fig:12)

3.6. Climate and thermal comfort

There was no such thing as a temperature standard. Before the building was designed on the

basis of nature, well use of natural thing in building, airy courtyard complete with refreshing

fountain, in winter a sunlit room which provides

the need for the temp standards comes in.

different climatic regions can be identified in the country from the cool of the mountains in

the north through the composite climate of the

to the humid breezes of the south and east. Each of the regions has its cultural and

architectural tradition reflecting its own particular climate

3.7. Building envelope

Humans can survive only if their deep body temp is around 35

34), but people live in places where the air temp can be as high as 50 OC or as low as

each. This is only possible because of the three sets of adjustment

body itself, clothing & shelters. A Third level of protection is shelter, the building

the envelope usually consists of transparent elements (windows) and opaque (solid) elements,

such as wall roofs & floors. For the purpose of controlling heat fl

envelope, the thermal insulation properties are important. Insulation is of three kinds:

reflective, resistive and capacitive. The first two are known to have an immediate effect, but

the third one operates as a function of time, th

flow(F, 2004).

Shruti H Kapur


Open space and built form Figure 12 Fenestration and Pattern Configuration

tern configuration

The fenestration pattern and configuration involves the area, location, positioning



(ventilator) provide the best distribution of the direct and diffuse light. High windows allow



of thumb can be followed in the positioning of the windows, to enhance air movement

Climate and thermal comfort



fountain, in winter a sunlit room which provides respite from the cold outside.

the need for the temp standards comes in. India is a country with a diverse climate. Many


the north through the composite climate of the genetic plain, the hot desert of Rajasthan down


architectural tradition reflecting its own particular climate(Bajpai, 1990-91)

only if their deep body temp is around 35-40 OC (with skin temp of 31

34), but people live in places where the air temp can be as high as 50 OC or as low as

This is only possible because of the three sets of adjustment –thermo regulation of the

ody itself, clothing & shelters. A Third level of protection is shelter, the building


such as wall roofs & floors. For the purpose of controlling heat flowing in and out of the


and capacitive. The first two are known to have an immediate effect, but

the third one operates as a function of time, thus it can provide a temporal control of heat

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Fenestration and Pattern Configuration

The fenestration pattern and configuration involves the area, location, positioning and shape



High windows allow



he windows, to enhance air movement



old outside. This is where

India is a country with a diverse climate. Many


genetic plain, the hot desert of Rajasthan down


91).

40 OC (with skin temp of 31-

34), but people live in places where the air temp can be as high as 50 OC or as low as -50

thermo regulation of the

ody itself, clothing & shelters. A Third level of protection is shelter, the building envelope;


owing in and out of the


and capacitive. The first two are known to have an immediate effect, but

us it can provide a temporal control of heat



4. PLANNING STRATEGIES

DESIGN

ASPECTS

DESIGN GUIDELINES

Landscaping Landscaping reduces direct sun from striking and

heating up building surface. It creates completely

different air flow pattern and might be wont to

divert or direct the wind by inflicting a pressure

difference.

Landscape closely linked to the planning of

environments within which humans live, as well as

each their look and performance, moreover as

environmental parts that sustain life

vegetation and variety.

Building

form

Plan the rooms so that cooler service spaces are

located in north side and habitable rooms take

advantage of the warm side in south aspect.

the exposed areas of the site and use any natural

shelter offered. Minimize wind chill from the

prevailing wind by presenting a narrow frontage in

that direction.

Location of

water bodies

Water may be a sensible modifier of microclimate.

It takes up an oversized quantity of warmth in

evaporation and cause vital cooling particularly

during a hot and dry climate. In wet climate water

ought to be avoided because it ad

Ventilation

Natural ventilation depends on moving air through

a building beneath the natural forces caused by

wind and also the buoyancy effects of temperature

variations. Natural ventilation may be used most

effectively to cool down the building at midnight

by transportation in cool dark air to depress

daytime peak temperatures on the average some of

degrees under the external.

Shading

devices

The natural cooling may be attained by cutting off

the radiations of the Sun.

The sunshades are used to protect from sun’s

radiations through the windows as well as walls.

Evaporative

cooling

Evaporative cooling is a cooling technique passive

in nature. Evaporating water, before it is

introduced in the building cools the outdo

Its physical principle lies in the fact that the heat

of air is used to evaporate water. This in turn cools

the air which, cools the living space of the

building.

Fountains were used to enhance the process of

evaporation. They help in mixing the moisture to

the air and increase the humidity.



STRATEGIES

DESIGN GUIDELINES DESIGN ILLUSTRATIONS

reduces direct sun from striking and

heating up building surface. It creates completely

different air flow pattern and might be wont to

divert or direct the wind by inflicting a pressure

Landscape closely linked to the planning of

within which humans live, as well as

each their look and performance, moreover as

environmental parts that sustain life — soil, water,

vegetation and variety.

Landscape in built form

Plan the rooms so that cooler service spaces are

d in north side and habitable rooms take

advantage of the warm side in south aspect. Avoid

the exposed areas of the site and use any natural

Minimize wind chill from the

prevailing wind by presenting a narrow frontage in

Water may be a sensible modifier of microclimate.

It takes up an oversized quantity of warmth in

evaporation and cause vital cooling particularly

during a hot and dry climate. In wet climate water

ought to be avoided because it adds to humidness.

Natural ventilation depends on moving air through

a building beneath the natural forces caused by

wind and also the buoyancy effects of temperature

variations. Natural ventilation may be used most

effectively to cool down the building at midnight

ortation in cool dark air to depress

daytime peak temperatures on the average some of

degrees under the external.

The natural cooling may be attained by cutting off

the radiations of the Sun. The sunshades are used to protect from sun’s

radiations through the windows as well as walls.

Evaporative cooling is a cooling technique passive

in nature. Evaporating water, before it is

introduced in the building cools the outdoor air.

Its physical principle lies in the fact that the heat

of air is used to evaporate water. This in turn cools

the air which, cools the living space of the

Fountains were used to enhance the process of

evaporation. They help in mixing the moisture to

the air and increase the humidity.


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DESIGN ILLUSTRATIONS

Landscape in built form


DESIGN

ASPECTS

DESIGN GUIDELINES

At times, salsabil

water pressure and force the water to come out of

the fountain head.

Earth

Coupling

This technique is

as heating of buildings, which is made possible by

the earth acting as a massive heat sink.

At depths beyond 4 to 5m, both daily and seasonal

fluctuations die out. The soil temperature remains

almost constant throughout the year.

Thus, the partially sunk or underground buildings

provide cooling (in summer) and heating (in

winter) to the existing space.

A building may be coupled with the earth b

burying it underground or berming

Orientation

Building orientation could be a vital design

thought, mainly with respect to solar radiation

and wind.. The orientation of the full building

plays a crucial part in ensuring such a 'passive'

method works.

It is observed that a correctly oriented passive

solar building will reduce its energy consumption

by 30 to 40 percent.

5. CONCLUSION

Bioclimatic architecture has brought architecture to a brand new stage and has given rise to

the new philosophy of architecture. It is a process which provides rise to a stable structure

which is dynamic and strong. It additionally suggests that architecture can be understood as a

material body with its own intrinsic and extrinsic forces relating to type

Moreover, bioclimatic architecture results in a sustainable and aesthetical way. Through the

analysis of the chosen case-studies, it can be all over that the instructed theoretical and

methodological frameworks change the designer to:

as a results of the existing environmental, materialization, and special requirements, and thus

specifically suited to its conditions and locations and give birth to a much more advanced

architecture in terms of sustainability; create a variable structural image unit that is able to

adapt to a variety of advanced surfaces and whose kind springs from natural abstraction and

structural architecture, the physical limitations and benefits of the meant construction

materials, and also the desired construction methods.

REFERENCES

[1] Gupta Vinod. 2011. The development of the bioclimatic concept in building design.

Renewable energy, Vol.3, pp.521

[2] BajpaiUsha. 1990-1991. Buildings as Climate Modifiers. Energy and Buildi

16, pp.907-913.

[3] Energy in Architecture

Group, School of Architecture, University College Dub

Limited.

[4] Riazuddin. S. Abro. 1994. Recognition of Passive C

Energy, Vol. 5, Part II, pp. 1143

Shruti H Kapur


DESIGN GUIDELINES DESIGN ILLUSTRATIONS

salsabil was were used to maintain the

water pressure and force the water to come out of

the fountain head.

This technique is used for passive cooling as well

as heating of buildings, which is made possible by

acting as a massive heat sink.

At depths beyond 4 to 5m, both daily and seasonal

fluctuations die out. The soil temperature remains

almost constant throughout the year.

Thus, the partially sunk or underground buildings

provide cooling (in summer) and heating (in

winter) to the existing space.

A building may be coupled with the earth by

burying it underground or berming.

Building orientation could be a vital design

thought, mainly with respect to solar radiation

and wind.. The orientation of the full building

plays a crucial part in ensuring such a 'passive'

It is observed that a correctly oriented passive

solar building will reduce its energy consumption

by 30 to 40 percent.


philosophy of architecture. It is a process which provides rise to a stable structure


material body with its own intrinsic and extrinsic forces relating to type growth and behavior.


studies, it can be all over that the instructed theoretical and

methodological frameworks change the designer to: Develop an architecture that is produced



stainability; create a variable structural image unit that is able to



ials, and also the desired construction methods.

Vinod. 2011. The development of the bioclimatic concept in building design.

Renewable energy, Vol.3, pp.521-533.

1991. Buildings as Climate Modifiers. Energy and Buildi

Energy in Architecture – The European Passive Solar Handbook by The energy Research

Group, School of Architecture, University College Dub- lin.1993. London: B.T. Batsford

Riazuddin. S. Abro. 1994. Recognition of Passive Cooling Techniques. Renewable

Energy, Vol. 5, Part II, pp. 1143-114.

[email protected]

DESIGN ILLUSTRATIONS


philosophy of architecture. It is a process which provides rise to a stable structure


growth and behavior.


studies, it can be all over that the instructed theoretical and

Develop an architecture that is produced



stainability; create a variable structural image unit that is able to



Vinod. 2011. The development of the bioclimatic concept in building design.

1991. Buildings as Climate Modifiers. Energy and Buildings, Vol.15-

The European Passive Solar Handbook by The energy Research

London: B.T. Batsford

ooling Techniques. Renewable

Bioclimatic Design In Traditional Architecture For Hot Dry Climate (Ethos Of Past, Viability In Present)

http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 1410 [email protected]

[5] Tzikopoulos A.F., Karatza M.C., Paravantis J.A. 2004. Modeling energy efficiency of

bioclimatic buildings. Energy and Buildings, Vol.37, pp.529-544.

[6] NicolaePetrasincu and LaurentiouFara. 2006. The future of the vernacular. Towards new

methodologies for the understanding and optimization of the performance of vernacular

buildings. pp.215-228.

[7] Manjunatha M.C, Basavarajappa H.T, Jeevan L Climate Change And Its Impact On

Groundwater Table Fluctuation In Precambrian Terrain Of Chitradurga District,

Karnataka, India Using Geomatics Application. International journal of Civil Engineering,

6(3), pp.83-96.

[8] Oikonomou A., Bougiatioti F. 2011. Architectural structure and environmental

performance of the traditional buildings in Florina, NW Greece. Building and

Environment, Vol.46, pp. 669-689.

[9] Sadineni S., Madala S., Boehm R., 2011. Passive building energy savings: A review of

building envelope components. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.15,

pp.3617-3631.

[10] Atindriya Shome 2006. Renewable building energy systems and passive human comfort

solutions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.12, pp.1562-1587.

[11] Oikonomou A. 2006. Summer Thermal and Daylighting Conditions in 19th Century

Traditional Buildings of Morocco.

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