Biobattery
description
Transcript of Biobattery
Calvin CollegeEngineering Senior Design
Team 10May 3, 2008
OutlineIntroduction
MFC
Power Regulation
System Monitoring
Feed/Waste System
Jared Huffman
Brianna BultemaAchyut Shrestha
Chris Michaels
Team 10: Members
Why Biobattery?
Problems of Conventional Batteries
“Hard to Do”
Interdisciplinary Talents
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Design GoalsUSB Power OutputRefillable Food Supply with Alert
Semi-ContinuousSystem Monitoring
User friendlyIndicates Failure Mode
Improved Power/Volume RatioAnode Cube
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Project DivisionFour Main Parts of
Our Biobattery ProjectMicrobial Fuel CellElectrical
MonitoringElectrical
RegulationFeeding and Case
Design
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Decision-Making Process1. Brainstorm (Group and Individual)2. Discuss Design Requirements3. Research4. Design5. Present Design to Team6. Refine Design7. Present Refined Design to Team8. Order Parts9. Assembly10. Testing
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
How Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) Work
Schematic courtesy of Derek R. Lovely Schematic courtesy of Derek R. Lovely (Microbial Energizers: Fuel Cells the Keep Going?)(Microbial Energizers: Fuel Cells the Keep Going?)
Story of Electrons:Anode
• Electrons from Acetate to Geobacter
• Geobacter sends electrons outside itself to electrode
Cathode• Electrons combine
with Oxygen and Protons to form water
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Microbial Fuel Cell DesignSpecies: Geobacter Metallireducens
Most Efficient Colonization and Power DensityWidely tested
Membrane: Cellophane vs NafionBalance Cost and Permeability
Electrode: Carbon Cloth vs Carbon Porous Block
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Anode Cube
Food Input
Waste Output
Electrode Location
(Each Face)
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Power ManagementRegulated
Power Supply
USB Power Switching
AVR Butterfly
3V
5V
Vin
5V
OC
3V
Temperature sense
Power management module
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Regulation
Output: 4.75V-5.25V, 100mA-500mA for USB Compatibility
Step up voltage from 3.0V to 5.0V
Research and Decisions
Maxim MAX1524 Boost Controller
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Regulation
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
GoalMonitor the status of the system and
communicate relevant status to userRequirements
Update user the system status voltage produced by MFC Optimum temperature range 20 – 35 C circuit integrity, for e.g. over-current, short circuit
Use minimum power to monitor the systemUser friendlyComponents RoHS compliant and lead free
Monitoring System
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Monitoring System
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Program control logic
Monitoring System
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Program control logic
Monitoring SystemAVR butterfly kit
Atmega169 micro-controller
Low power consumption: < 500µA
RoHS compliantWinAVR for coding &
compilingAVR Studio for
debugging and loading code
Block diagram
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Feeding and Waste System
Food Solution BladderReplaced by User Periodically
CathodeTank
Waste TankEmptied by User Periodically
Anode Cube
Anode Cube
Anode Cube
Anode Cube
Introduction Microbial Fuel Cells Feeding/CaseRegulation Monitoring
Conclusion
Achieved Goal of Advancing Existing Designs Toward Feasible Product
Future ProjectsProduce Smaller Cube: Fabrication MethodsFull Testing of Cellophane MembranePlatonized Electrodes to Allow Air Cathode
Acknowledgements Professor Ray Hozalski, Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities, for
samples/supplies of electrodes, membranes, and information on MEAs. Chris Harrington, Graduate Student Researcher, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities,
for help with implementation procedures. Professor John Wertz, Biology Department, for assistance in Microbiology growth and
experimentation. Professor J. Aubrey Sykes, Engineering Department, for his ongoing role as the senior
design advisor and for all of this feedback about our project. Professor Randall Brouwer, Engineering Department, for supplying VHDL code for ADC
interface. Sam Brower, Media Productions Calvin Alum, for various visual design and photographic
assistance. Bob DeKraker, Engineering Department, for logistical support with procurement of
circuit components. Rich Huisman, Chemistry Department, for assistance with salt bridge supplies. Lori Keen, Biology Department, for assistance in biological procurement and lab support. Professor Walter Rawle, Engineering Department and Senior Design Team Mentor, for
meeting with our team and assisting us with the in progress reviews. Professor Gemma Reguera, Michigan State University, for providing technical
information and expertise.