Bio Unit 2 2007 cape

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FORM TP2007166,

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TEST CODE 022070 10

MAY/JUNE 2007

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CARIBBEAN\ EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

{\DVANCED,PROFICIENCYEXAMINATION\BIOLOGY.,. UNIT 2

""Paper 01

\.90 minutes

I(11 JUN'E 2007 (P.m.»)

READ THE FOLLOWING DIRECTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet.

I2.

3.

Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C); (D). Read each item you are

about to answer and decide which choice is best.

On your answer sheet, fmd the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having

the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below.

The best answer to this item is "ATP" , so answer space (A) has been blackened.

Sample Item

Which of the following is NOT a form of

energy storage?

(A) ATP

(B) Lipid

(C) Aloohol

(D) Lactic acid

Sample Answer

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4: If you want to change your answer, be sure to erase your old answer completely and fill in your new

choice.

S. When you are told to begin, turn the page an~ work as quickly and as carefully as you can. If you cannotanswer an item, omit it and go on to the next one. You can come back to the harder item later. Your

score will be the total number of correct answers.

6. You may do any rough work in this booklet.

7. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale.

8. The use of non-programmable calculators is allowed.

9. This test consists of 45 items. You will have 90 minutes to answer them.

10. Do not be concerned that the answer she~t provides spaces for more answers than there are items in

this test.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

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~ ,f ~ ., 6. If oxygen is not available during the process

of aerobic respiration, the net number of

ATP molecules produced from a molecule

of glucose is

Item 9 refers to the following apparatus set

up to determine the rate of respiration of

germinating seeds.

In the diagram of the mitochondrion below,

enzymes which catalyse oxidative

phosphorylation are located at site

7.

(A)

(B)

(C)(D)

2

4

3438

Metal

gauze

Soda

lime

Glass tubing of

2 mm internal diameter

Germinating seeds

Shallow

tray

of water

Water in

tube

Position of

meniscus

8.

I

II

III

IV

(A) I

(B) II

(C) III

(D) IV

Which of the following pairs of options is

correct for both the Krebs cycle and the

electron transport chain?

9.

The results of the experiment are presented

in the table below.

Time Volume of Oxygen

(mins) Absorbed (cm3)

(based on distance

moved by meniscus)

5 1.6

10 2.1

15 3.4

20 4.2

Which of the following quantities represents

the average rate of oxygen uptake by the

seeds during the time course of t he

experiment?

In muscle tissue undergoing strenuous

contractions, the formation oflactate is due

to the

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Krebs Cycle Electron

Transport Chain

O2 is not consumed O2 is consumed

CO2 not produced CO2 produced

Site of action is the Site of action is the

inner membrane of inner layer of the

the mitochondrion grana NAD+ is reduced to NAD+ is reduced to

NADH+H+ NADH+W

10.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

4.2 cm3 min"0.21 cm3 min-I

1.26 cm3 min-.

6.7 cm3, hr-I

high concentration of carbon dioxide

high concentration of glycogen

low concentration of glucose

low concentration of oxygen

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Net primary production (NPP) is

The figure below represents an ecological

pyramid of numbers. The species of organisms in the pyramid arc blackbirds,

aphids, lice and cherry trees.

Item 14 refers to the terrarium below, an

example of a self-sustaining unit.

Which of the following reasons explains why

the plants in the jar continue t9 thrive for

several months after the jar is sealed, even

though no additional materials are used?

(A) The plants contain stored

carbohydrates that are utilized.

(B) Microorganisms in the soil

decompose the organic wastes to

facilitate recycling.

(C) There are no herbivores in the jar to

eat the plants and thus limit

photosynthesis.(D) The glass jar exposes the plants to

adequate light for photosynthesis.

14.

-4-

the transf~r of energy through an

ecosystem

the amo~nt of organic material

availabl~ to lierbivo'res '<,

the amo~t of organic material made'

in photosYnthesis

the amouilt of energy reaching the!

earth's surface

I

I

Which of the follo&ing is a correct defInition

of the term 'habidt'?'" . I'

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The relationship: between an

organisrri and other speciesI

The interacting community of

organisnis and the environment

The way ~nwhich the enviromnent

is exploited by the organism

A location within a biome where an

organism dwells

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(A)

(B)

(D)

(C)

11.

13.

...12.

15. In the nitrogen cycle, denitrifying bacteria

convert

Match EACH of the species below with

the options above.,

(A)

(B)

(C)(D)

atmospheric nitrogen to nitrates

nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen

ammonium compounds to nitrates

atmospheric nitrogen to ammonium

compounds

w X y. Z

(A) lice aphids blackbirds cherry"trees

(B) blackbirds lice ! aphids cherry, trees

(C) aphids cherry i lice blackbirds

trees

(D) lice blackbirds aph~ds v cherry'i

trees

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\ -\- •. 16. Which of the following describes the function

of the endodennis?

18. The function oJ the companion cell in

mature phloem tissue is that it

(A)

(8)

(C)

(D)

I.t controls the movement of water

and ions to the xylem using a

Casparian strip.

It releases root pressure as water moves into the xylem by osmosis.

It allows water molecules to cling to

the surface by cohesion so that a

continuous column is created.

It fOnTIS a system ofinte~-connected

plasmadesmata through which

water and ions can move.

(A)

(B)

(C)

, (D)

provides structural support for the. sieve tubes

I actively moves sucrose out of

neighbouring photosynthesizingcells to!the sieve tubes

I

moves I sucrose against a

concentration gradient into the

xylem .~

contain~ a nucleus needed for cell

division of the sieve tube elements

Itern 17 refers to the diagram below which

shows some ofthe cells involved in loss of

water from part of a p l~nt.

19. r

Which of the following statements presents

the BEST eviden'ce to support the mass flow

theory ofp~loerri transport?

(A)

(B)

(C)

Phloem tissue carries manufactured

food to destinations

simultaneously, rather than to the

greatest 'sink'.I •

Sieve plates are a barrier and have

been rbduced in the course of

evolution.

Contents of sieve tubes are under

: pressu~e, and sugar solution

"", 'exudes!ofphloem are cue I

(D) Approp~iate gradients between

'source', and 'sink' tissues do not

exist.

Qp

17. Which ofthe following correctly identifies theregions labelled P and Q?

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Items 21 - 22 refer to the diagram below

which shows the pressure in the left side of :the heart,

21. The semi-lunar valves close at

I

I

I

I

I

II"

J,WUI ;

I

I

I

Abrta I I

1(,'1

Left

ventricle~~III

I

II

III

IV

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

x

-3"

.3Left side

of heart 16

13

Pressure/ 11kPa

5

II

III

IV

I - 6-

Item 20 shows a/diagram ofa longitudinal

section of the heart.,

20,., The position ofilie sino-atrial node is indicated

by :

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

I

II

III

IV

22. The small surge in pressure in region X is

caused by

23. , What is the approximate magnification of

this photograph?

(A) atrial diastole

(B) atrial systole

(C) ventricular diastole

(D) ventricular systole

Item 23 refers to the photograph below which

shows a human blood smear,

.",~;7

(A) x7008 x 110

c.. >'- IV

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Which of the following combinations of

processes numbered I to IV, relates to the

liver?

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Microvilli

Mitochondria

Nucleus

} Blood capillary

. Bowrnan>s capsulei collecting duct

I

glomerulus

proximal tubule

The region of the nephron shown is the

Item 26 refers to the diagram below which

shows the ultrastructure of two cells from

the ki~ney with part of an adjacent capillary .

(A)(B)

(C)

(D)

Glomerular filtrate contains substances with

a relative molecular mass less than 68,000.

Larger molecules' such as red blood cells and

proteins are prevented from passing into the

nephron because of the

.'

26.

27.

pH 7.5 pH 6.8

o

100

Item 24 refers to the graph below which

shows the oxygen dissociation curve for

haemoglobin at pH 6.8 and 7.5.

AII

Partial pressure of oxygen

The percentage saturation of haemoglobin in

the blood leaving an active muscle is shown

at

(A) A

(B) B

(C) C

(D) 0

% solution

ofhaemoglobin

50

24.

25.

, . ~~:..,•

~...

.

."...

1.II.

III.

IV.

Glucose regulationTransamination

Storage of Vitamins A, Band D

Manufacture of digestive enzymes

(A)(B)

(C)

(0)

basement membranecapillaI)' endothellium

podocytes

glomerular pressure

(A) I, II and III

(B) I, II and IV

(C) I, III and IV

(D) II, III and IV

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28.

iI

Which of the follpwing pairs of cells and structures possess myelin sheaths?

(A)

(B)

(C)(D)

iI and II 0ply

II and IIII0nly

III and IV' onlyIIV and I rnly

I

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A delay of 0.5 rP.soccursin transmissionI

across a synapse: becauseGlucagon is a hormone secreted by cells in

the pancreas. Which TWO of the following

changes are brought about by glucagon?

29.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

calcium ions diffuse into the synaptic

knob

ion channels in the postsynaptic

membr~ne respond slowly to the presencF of acetylcholine: which

diffuses across the cleft

the sY~Hlptic knob releases

acetylcholine which diffuses across

the cleft

the presYnaptic membrane is in a

refractory period!

30.

1.

II.

III.

IV.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

It decreases the blood gucose level.

It increases the blood glucose level.

It stimulates the breakdown of glycogen.

It stimulates the formation of

glycogen.

I and III

I and IV

II and III

II and IV

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31.

32.

Which ofthe following cOITectly identifies

three groups of nutrients that provide energy

in the diet?

(A) Protein, minerals, fibre

(B) Lipids, carbohydrates, fibre

(C) Lipids, carbohydrates, protein

(D) Minerals, water, fibre

Which of the following conditions is NOT

caused by malnutrition?

(A) Obesity

(B) Marasmas

(C) Kwashiorkor

(D) Emphysema

35. : Which ofthe following combinations correctly

describe the pathogens responsible for

malaria, dengue fever and AIDS?

Malaria Dengue I AIDS'Fever

(A) Eukaryotic Virus I Virus parasite-

(B) I Bacterium I Eukaryotic I Virus

parasite

(C)I Virus I B~cterium I Eukaryotic parasite

(D) :I Eukaryotic I B~cterium I Bacterium

arasite ,

34. Which of the following factors is

responsible for the increase in heart rateduring exercise?

Fatty deposits in arteries can contribute to

strokes and heart disease. This condition is,called

(A) arteriosclerosis .=""-,,,Jenloj J!ot.J.r,e~

(B) arthritis .

(C) throl1)bosis - ~Io+

(D) atherosclerosis = .('G-.-I\~ ()...•..f O'J6

Which of the following diseases is treated

with drugs that have a similar structure to theDNA molecule? :

(A) AIDS

(B) Malaria'

(C) Dengue fever

(D) Sickle cell anaemia

36.

Accumulation oflacticac'id in the

muscles.

Decreased oxygen concentration in

the blood stream ;..

Increased adrenaline in the blood

stream

Increased glucose concentration in

the blood stream

(A)

(B)

(D)

(C)

33.

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Two characteristics of T lymphocytes are

antigens

antibodies

phagocytes

haemoglobin

Pregnancy testing

Diagnosis of diseases

Prevention of transplanted organ

rejection

Gene therapy

(A.)

(B)

(C)

(D)

A newborn baby is protected from diseases

by antibodies. acquired from the maternal

circulation. This is an example of

1. Globular glycoproteinU. Four polypeptide chains

III: Two identical binding sites

IV. A hinge region

Which of the following is NOT an example

of an application for monoclonal antibodies?

Item 39 refers to the options below.

(A) artificial active immunity

(B) artificial passive immunity

(C) natural active immunity

(D) natural passive immunity

(A)

(13)

(C)

(D)

Fat accumulates in thc liver when alcohol is

cqnsumed regularly because

39. The above features are characteristic of

40.

41.

42.

4

'2

1

4

3

4

3

3

I

2

1

3

4

2

4

I

Which of the following shows the correctI ,

sequence of the p~agocytic process?;,

21!

I !I

2!3

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

i - 10-Ii ,

Item 37 refers to the diagrams below which.

shows the stag+of phagocytism of a

bacterium by a nelftrophil. i

The following 'are characteristics of

lymphocytes.

1. Attack :cells" i nfected with

microorg~sms

II. Produce antibodies

III. Produce ~emory cells

IV. Mature in the thymus gland

38.

37.

.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Iand IIonlyI

I and'III oflly

I and IV only

III and IV:only

i

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

liver cells use alcohol as an energy

source instead offat

fat absorbs alcohol and helps to

detoxify it

alcohol is used to synthesise fat

molecules in the liver

alcohol prevents the liver cells from

secreting fat molecules

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43.

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Hem 43 refers to the diagram below which

shows the manufacture of recombinant

human insulin.

o~@1--4 •..• _mRNA

~ JCDNA

II .~ l

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~

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At which point of the stages, labelled I, II, III

and IV, does the replication of donor genes

occur?

(A) I

(B) II(C) III

(D) IV

44.

45.

Which pair of effects, labelled I to 1Y, is a

direct result of nicotine in tobacco smoke?

\ C . .1 f . ld''t. ,onstnctl~n 0 artena lameter

II. 'Increased mucus production in the

alveoli I

III. Paralysis bfcilia in the bronchiIV. Increased stickiness of blood

I

plateletsI

I

(A) . I and II

(B) I and IV

(C) II and III

(D) III and I\{

Which of the following explains the use of

restriction enzymes in gene technology?

(A) Breakingidown bacterial cell walls

to releas~ plasm ids

(B) Forming DNA from RNA(C) . ,Cutting 'open circular DNA of

plasmids:

(0) :Joining d:ifferent pieces of DNA to

, form recbmbinant plasm ids

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IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECKY0,tJR WOj ONTIDS TEST.

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02207010/CAPE2007

Bio Unit 2 2007 cape

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