Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss

8/9/2019 Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/bio-refineries-and-new-technology-by-leiss 1/19

International ForumRussia and Germany in

the common European AreaNovember, 11- 13, 2009, Moscow, Russia

Biorefineries and new technologyBiorefineries and new technologyfor production of polylactic acidfor production of polylactic acid

presented by:Sebastian LeißDipl.-Ing.

Prof. Dr. Birgit KammScientific Director, Research Institute biopos e.V., 14513 Teltow-Seehof, Germany, [email protected] Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]



Content:1. Introduction2. Biorefinery-Systems3. Technical objectives and future solicitation4. New Technology for Production of PLA5. Summary

Biorefineries and new technologyBiorefineries and new technology

for production of polylactic acidfor production of polylactic acid

International Forum 200911 – 13 November, Moscow, Russia



It is absolutely necessaryto develop solutions in three sustainableand biobased sectors:

Biopower/Bioenergy (electricity and heat)Biofuels (transportation fuels)Biobased Products (chemicals/materials)in context of a biobased economy.

3-pillar model of a futurebiobased economy

Biogenic Raw MaterialsBiorefineries

B i o b a s e

d P r o

d u c

t s

B i o F u

e l s

B i o E n e r g y /

B i o P o w e r

Product and Energy Market

Bio Economy




Petroleum

Chemistry

FuelsandEnergy

Refinery Biorefinery

FuelsandEnergy- Bioethanol,- Biodiesel, Biogas- Hydrogen

Material Utilisation,Chemistry- Basic and Fine

chemicals,- Biopolymers and Bioplastics

Biomass

Biobased industrial products can only compete with petro-chemicallybased products if the raw materials are optimally exploited and avariety of value-creating chains are developed and established.development of substance-converting basic product systems and

multi product systems, especially biorefineries.




Currently four Biorefinery Systems are forced within research,development and practice:

• The Whole Crop Biorefinery (WCThe Whole Crop Biorefinery (WC --BR)BR)raw material: cereals, maize etc..

• The Green Biorefinery (GThe Green Biorefinery (G --BR)BR)

raw material: ‘nature-wet’ biomasses, green grass, lucerne, clover,immature cereals a.o..

• The Lignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery (LCFThe Lignocellulose Feedstock Biorefinery (LCF --BR)BR)raw material: ‘nature-dry’ biomasses, wood, straw, corn stover,

cellulose-containing biomass and waste.The TwoThe Two --Platform ConceptPlatform Conceptproduction of syngas and/or sugar as platforms for biobasedproducts and fuels.

Kamm, B.; Kamm, M. ; Principles of Biorefineries. Appl. Microbiol, Biotechnol., (AMB) , 64 (2004) 137-145




Press Juice‘biochemical’

‘biotechnol./physical’

Press Cake‘hydrothermal’

‘enzymatic’‘ thermal chemical’

Feed, Fuels,

Chemicals,Polymers and

Materials

CelluloseLignocellulose

Biogas,Cogeneration

( CHP )Heat and Power

Residues

Residues

Proteins,Soluble Sugars

GreenBiomass

Techn. Press

G r e e n

B i o r e

f i n e r y

Cellulose‘biotech./chemical’

Fuels,Chemicals,

Polymers andMaterials

LigninRaw material

Hemicellulose‘biotech./chemical’

Lignin‘chemical’

LignocellulosicFeedstock

(LCF)

SugarRaw material

Cogeneration( CHP )

Heat and Power

Residues

L i g n o c e

l l u l o s i c

F e e

d s

t o c

k

B i o r e f

i n e r y

Kamm, B.; Gruber, P.R.; Kamm, M.; Biorefineries, Industrial Processes and Products, Wiley-VCH, 2006




First green biorefinery: Selbelang, Brandenburg

Green crop drying plant(wet-fractionation)

Block calorificpower station

Green pellets

Beet pellets

Raw material forchemical industry

Solid fuel

Sepa-ration

High value products

Enzymes

Carbohydrates

Flavourings

Coulorings (dyes)

Fermentation

Lactic acid,Lactates, Esters

Amino acids

Proteins

Enzymes

Organic acids

Ethanol

Biogas

Energy

Heat, Electricity

Straw, Wood, Biogas

Fertilizer

Pretreat-ment

Seeds a./o . Straw

Potatoes a./o. Juice

Molasse

Whole crop

StrawFibres, Cellulose

J u i c e

Grass, Lucerne, Beets a.o.

Start of construction 2009‚ Primary Biorefinery Selbelang‘Tier 1: 8.000 t DM (8 mo/y); Primary products: pellet, chlorophyll, Prenacell® fibre,Lactic acid, Proteins, biogas-energy; Construction cost: 6,2 Mio EURO (Basic enginering)



Lactic acid andLactic acid andsequence productssequence products

New Technology for Production of Poly(lactic acid)New Technology for Production of Poly(lactic acid)




Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Richter K .; et al.; EP 0 789 080 (1997); Industrial Bioprocessing , 20 (2) 1998;

NatureWorks LLC – classic process for PLA- synthesis

Vink, E. T.H et al .; “Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorksTM polylactide(PLA)production.,” Polymer Degradation and Stability 80, no. 3 (2003): 403–419.




melt

dilactide 4

2

H3C CH COOH x H 2O

OH

N

R

RH

O

OO

O

CH 3H3C

+

+catalyst, temp

exothermic

lactic acid 1 amine 2 aminium lactate 3

aminium lactate 3

O

CCHO

CH 3n

poly (lactic acid) 5 dilactide 2

catalyst

- x H2O

- 2 H 2O

biodegradablepolymers

( 2 )

( 3 )

( 4 )

biomass

CH 2OH

HOHO

OH

O

OHH

H

H

H

Hglucose

( lactobacillus )

22

( 1 )

amine 2

lactic acid fermentation

base: amine 2

two main pathes: A & B

lactic acid fermentation aminium lactate 3- valuable substance for chemistry,

pharmacy & cosmetics- good material for preparing

pure lactic acid

N

R

RH

H

NR

RH2

O

OO

O

CH 3H3Cn/2

2 NR

RH

H

H3C CH COO

OH

H3C CH COO

OH

Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Richter K .; et al.; EP 0 789 080 (1997); Industrial Bioprocessing , 20 (2) 1998;Acta Biotechn ., 17 (1997), 20 (2000), 21 (2001); Agro-Food-Industry Hi-Tech, 12 (3), 2001Kamm, B.; Kamm, M.; Biorefinery – Systems, CBEQ 18 (1) 1-6 (2004)

New process for manufacturingaminium lactates and dilactide from biomass



Presentation Summary

Several requirements to enter the phase of development of

Industrial Biorefinery Technologies and Biobased Products:

To increase the production of substances on the base ofbiogenic raw materials in the ordinary plants of production ofcellulose, starch, protein, sugar and oil.To force the combination of biological and chemical conversionof substances.




Contact

Sebastian Leiß Dipl.- Ing.FI Biopos e.V.

Research centre Teltow-SeehofKantstraße 5514513 TeltowGermanyTel: 0049-3328-332210/ -24/-25Fax: 0049-3328-332211e-mail: [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Birgit KammDirector of the Institute Biopos e.V.and BTU CottbusResearch Centre Teltow-Seehof,Kantstraße 55, D-14513 Teltow

Email: [email protected]: +49 (0)3328-3322-10 ,Fax: +49 (0)3328-3322-11Web: www.biopos.de

Potsdam and Teltow in the Greater Berlin,Germanybiorefinery.de GmbH

Stiftstraße 2, D-14471 PotsdamEmail:[email protected] ; www.biorefinica.de


http://www.biopos.de/

http://www.biorefinery.de/

http://www.biorefinica.de/

http://www.biorefinica.de/

http://www.biorefinery.de/

http://www.biopos.de/



CCH3

COOHHO H CCH3

COOHH OHC

COOH

OHH

H3CD(-) lactic aci(S ) lactic acid L(+) lactic acid

CelluloseCellulose --, lignocellulose, lignocellulose --, starch, starch – – ‚‚sugar (platform)sugar (platform) – – Lactic acid (building block)Lactic acid (building block) -- polylactidepolylactide – – intermediateintermediate – – useuse

• Lactic acid - most important metabolical intermediat ofliving organism

• 1780 Scheele - isolation, firstly as brown oil from acid milk• 1881 C. E. Avery - first industrial production• 1895 B. Ingelheim - first successfull industrial

production, fermentation by Lactobacillus • today - 250.000 t/ year


Branduardi, P.; Smeraldi, C; Porro , D.; “Metabolically engineered yeasts: 'potential'industrial applications,” Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology 15, no. 1 (2008): 31-40



PLA- Polylactide is:• a material, applicable for packaging and fibres,• a biodegradable and compostable polymer,

• lactic acid is produced by fermentation of „sugars“,• „sugars“ are accessible from CO 2 via photosynthesis .

What is PLA: Poly(lactic acid) = Polylactide ?What is PLA: Poly(lactic acid) = Polylactide ?




Richter, K.; Kose, F.; Kamm, B.; Kamm, M. ; Fermentative Production of Piperazinium Dilactate,Acta Biotechn., 21 (1) 2001, 37-47Kamm, B. et al. ; EP 0789080 A2; Process for the preparation of organic aminium lactatesand their use in the preparation of dilactide; 13.8.1997

New process for manufacturingaminium lactates and dilactide from biomass

Model substances:Model substances:

1,4- piperazine-(L,L)- dilactate

Imidazol-(L)- Lactat

Melting point: 114°C

Melting point: 88°C



Fermentation of lysine lactate with green juiceFermentation of lysine lactate with green juicefrom alfalfafrom alfalfa

2nd EUCHEMS Chemistry Congress 2008,September, 16 – 20, Torino, Italy


CAS: 57061-63-9

mw: 236,27 g/mol

melting point: 146-149 °C

application: lotion for treatment of skin disorders

M.Pfeil; diploma thesis, 2006Parab 1995; Patent Nr. 94-215984; Topical preparations having alpha -hydroxy carboxylic acidsfor treatment of skin disorders

NH2

NH3+

O

HO -O

O

OH



Classic approachClassic approach

2nd EUCHEMS Chemistry Congress 2008,September, 16 – 20, Torino, Italy


MRS- medium*

New approachNew approachGreen juice + rye hydrolysate

De Man, J.C.; Rogosa, M.;Sharpe, M.E . A medium for the cultivation of lactobacilli. J. Appl. Microbiol 23 ,130–135 (1960).

Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss

Documents

Transcript of Bio Refineries and New Technology by Leiss