Pre-Qualification Structured Learning (PQSLs) Series Schedule of Rates vs. Bills of Quantities

Why Use Bills of Quantities

Avoid unnecessary effort from multiple contractors to prepare the tender Provide a standard basis for the tender purpose Provide Quality control Assist the tender evaluation Provide rates for valuation of variations Provide the basis for the payment purpose Provide basis for financial reporting/cash flow

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)

BQ

A quantified and completed list of works describing the full requirements in the drawings and specifications. A schedule listing the works with the rates to provide a list of rates for the valuation of variations purpose.

SoR

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)

BQ SoR

Quantities form part of the Contract. The Quantities do not form part of the contract.

Both can be used to: a) buildup the tender/contract sum. b) provide a list of rates for the valuation of variations purpose.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)1

Agreement & Schedule of Conditions of Building Contracta) - With Quantities

b) - Without Quantities

2 General Conditions of Contract for E & M Engineering Works (1999 Edition) 3 General Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works (1999 Edition) 4 General Conditions of Contract for Design and Build Contract (1999 edition)

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)1a Standard Building Contract (With Quantities)In Articles of Agreement which stated Drawings and Bills of Quantities showing and describing the works to be done to be prepared Clause 12 (1) The quantity and quality of the work included in the Contract Sum shall be deemed to be that which is set out in the Contract Bills which Bills unless otherwise expressly stated in respect of any specified item or items shall be deemed to have been prepared in accordance with the principles of the Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works for use in Hong Kong

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)1a Standard Building Contract (With Quantities)

Clause 11 (1) The term variation as used in these Conditions shall means the alteration or modification of the design, quality or quantity of the Works as shown upon the Contract Drawings and described by or referred to in the Contract Bills, Clause 12 (3) Any error in description or in quantity in or omission of items from the Contract Bills shall not vitiate this Contract but shall be corrected and deemed to be a variation required by the Architect

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)1b Standard Building Contract (Without Quantities)In Articles of Agreement which stated Drawings and a Specification marked A showing and describing the works to be done to be prepared

Clause 12 (1) The quantity and quality of the work included in the Contract Sum shall be deemed to be that which is shown upon the Contract Drawings or described in the Specification,

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)1b Standard Building Contract (Without Quantities)

Clause 11 (1) The term variation as used in these Conditions shall means the alteration or modification of the design, quality or quantity of the Works as shown upon the Contract Drawings and described by or referred to in the Specification Clause 12 (3) Any error in description or in quantity in or omission of items from the Contract Drawings and/or the Specification shall not vitiate this Contract but shall be corrected and deemed to be a variation required by the Architect

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)2 General Conditions of Contract for E & M Engineering Works (1999 Edition)

Clause 1 Contract means the Articles of Agreement, the Tender and the acceptance thereof by the Employer, Drawings, General Conditions of Contract, Special Conditions of Contract (if any), Specification and priced Schedule of Quantities or Schedule of Rates. Clause 59 (1) The quality and quantity of work included in the Contract Sum is deemed to be that which is shown on the Drawings or described in the Specification. The Contractor shall be deemed to have ascertained the exact quantities before submitting his Tender.

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Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)2 General Conditions of Contract for E & M Engineering Works (1999 Edition)

Clause 59 (2) When a Schedule of Quantities is included in the Contract, any error in description or any error in the quantities entered therein or any item omitted therefrom shall not vitiate the Contract nor release the Contractor from the execution of the whole or any part of the Works according to the Drawings and Specification or from any of his obligations or liabilities under the Contract. Only provisional quantities and the quantities for any variation ordered in accordance with Clause 60 shall be remeasured.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)2 General Conditions of Contract for E & M Engineering Works (1999 Edition)

Clause 59 (3) There shall be no rectification of any error, omission or wrong estimate in description, quantity or rate inserted by the Contractor in the Schedule of Quantities or Schedule of Rates.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)3 General Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works

Clause 1 Contract means the Articles of Agreement, the Tender and the acceptance thereof by the Employer, Drawings, General Conditions of Contract, Special Conditions of Contract if any, Specification and priced Bills of Quantities. "Contract Sum" means the total of the Priced Bills of Quantities at the date of the acceptance of the Tender.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)3 General Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works

Clause 5 (2) (a) work shown on the Drawings or described in the Specification but not measured in the Bills of Quantities shall be dealt with in accordance with Clause 59; Clause 59 (1) Except where any statement in the Bills of Quantities expressly shows to the contrary the Bills of Quantities shall be deemed to have been prepared and measurements shall be made according to the procedures set forth in the Method of Measurement stated in the Preamble to the Bills of Quantities.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)3 General Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works

Clause 59 (4) (b) Should the actual quantity of work executed in respect of any item be substantially greater or less than that stated in the Bills of Quantities (other than an item included in the daywork schedule if any) and if in the opinion of the Engineer such increase or decrease of itself shall render the rate for such item unreasonable or inapplicable, the Engineer shall determine an appropriate increase or decrease of the rate for the item using the Bills of Quantities rate as the basis for such determination and shall notify the Contractor accordingly.

Differences between Bills of Quantities (BQ) and Schedule of Rates (SoR)4 General Conditions of Contract for Design and Build Contract (1999 edition)Clause 1 "Contract" means the Articles of Agreement, the Tender and the acceptance thereof by the Employer (including such further agreed documents as may be expressly referred to in or by the same), General Conditions of Contract, Special Conditions of Contract (if any), Employer's Requirements and Contractor's Proposals. "Contract Sum" means the sum referred to in the Contractor's Proposals at the date of the acceptance of the Tender for the execution of the Works.

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How to choose : BQ or SoR ?I. Type of Conditions of Contract (CoC)

Contract with Quantities Contract without Quantities General Conditions of Contract for Civil Engineering Works (1999 edition) General Conditions of Contract for E & M Engineering Works, (1999 edition) General Conditions of Contract for Design and Build Works (1993 edition)

Slide 17 FC1 Lump sum tender - Without QuantitiesFiona, 3/20/2003

How to choose : BQ or SoR ?II. Type of Works

Building Works Civil Works E&M Works Fitting Out Works Soft Landscaping Work Maintenance Works

How to choose : BQ or SoR ?III. Design Requirements in the Contract

Is contractor s design required in the contract? What is the extent of the design requirement?

How to choose : BQ or SoR ?IV. Size of the Contract Small size contract- Simple - Small variances in contract sum - Short contract period

Large size contract- Complicated - Exposed to more possible variances in contract sum - Longer contract period

How to choose : BQ or SoR ?V. Pre-contract Preparation Time Limit

Bills of Quantities- Take longer preparation time for all consultants

Schedule of Rates- Usually based on drawings not fully detailed. - The time required is usually shorter.

Questions and Answers

The End

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