Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health July 21, 2015 Duff Gillespie...

Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health

July 21, 2015

Duff Gillespie

Importance and impact of Family Planning


Family Planning

• Allows individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their births.

• It is achieved through use of contraceptive methods and the treatment of involuntary infertility.

• A woman’s ability to space and limit her pregnancies has a direct impact on her health and well-being as well as on the outcome of each pregnancy


Benefits of Family Planning

• Preventing pregnancy-related health risks in

women

• Reducing infant mortality

• Helping to prevent HIV/AIDS

• Reducing adolescent pregnancies

• Slowing population growth

• Empowering people and enhancing education


How many children do couples want?

StatesWanted children

Actual number of children

Bihar 2.4 4.0Uttar Pradesh 2.3 3.8

Andhra Pradesh 1.5 1.8

Karnataka 1.6 2.1

Kerala 1.8 1.9

Tamil Nadu 1.4 1.8


Impact of family planning onchild mortality

States TFR CPRUnmet need

Under 5 mortality

Bihar 4.0 34.1 22.8 84.8

Uttar Pradesh 3.8 43.6 21.2 96.4

Andhra Pradesh 1.8 67.6 4.0 63.2

Karnataka 2.1 63.6 9.6 54.7

Kerala 1.9 68.6 8.9 16.3

Tamil Nadu 1.8 61.4 8.5 35.5


Impact of family planning on maternal mortality

TFR CPR Unmet needMaternal Mortality

Bihar 4.0 34.1 22.8 219.0

Uttar Pradesh 3.8 43.6 21.2 292.0

Andhra Pradesh 1.8 67.6 4.0 110.0

Karnataka 2.1 63.6 9.6 144.0

Kerala 1.9 68.6 8.9 66.0

Tamil Nadu 1.8 61.4 8.5 90.0


Impact of family planning on literacy

TFR CPRUnmet need Literacy rate

Bihar 4.0 34.1 22.8 63.8

Uttar Pradesh 3.8 43.6 21.2 69.7

Andhra Pradesh 1.8 67.6 4.0 67.7

Karnataka 2.1 63.6 9.6 75.6

Kerala 1.9 68.6 8.9 93.9

Tamil Nadu 1.8 61.4 8.5 80.3


Impact of family size on resources: Country overview

Wealth Quintiles TFR

Mean number of children ever

born to women age 40-49 years

Lowest 3.9 5.2

Second 3.2 4.7

Middle 2.6 4.2

Fourth 2.2 3.7

Highest 1.8 3.0


Impact of family size on resources:State-wise distribution

BiharUttar

PradeshAndhra Pradesh Karnataka Kerala

Tamil Nadu

TFR 4.0 3.8 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.8

Lowest 28.2 25.3 10.8 10.8 1.0 10.6

Second 29.2 24.9 17.6 22.2 4.1 15.6

Middle 18.7 19.4 29.2 24.0 12.2 29.9

Fourth 14.6 16.8 25.4 23.2 37.8 24.4

Highest 9.4 13.6 17.1 19.8 44.8 19.5


Dependency Ratio: India

Dependency Ratio, India

1991 2001 2011

794 752 652


Young Dependency Ratio: India

Young Dependency Ratio, India

1991 2001 2011

672 621 510

Young Dependency Ratio =

No. of persons in age group 0-14 years ÷ No. of persons in age group 15-59 years

Reduction in YDR in 2001-11 is sharper than that for the decade 1991-2001


Old Dependency Ratio: India

Old Dependency Ratio, India1991 2001 2011

122 131 142

•Old Dependency Ratio =

No. of persons in age group 60 years or more ÷ No. of persons in age group 15-59 years

ODR is rising due to higher life expectancy at birth


Dependency Ratio: State-wise distribution


Thank you!

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Bill & Melinda Gates Institute for Population and Reproductive Health July 21, 2015 Duff Gillespie...

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