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Transcript of Big history
Big HistoryAnthony Knapp
Hist. 140
7/23/2011
What is Big HistorySource: The “Big” History of Coffee “ Big History” <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_history>
• Big History the official definition; is a different way to look at history. It takes a small question and ups the scale.
• Meaning that it takes history past the time scales and groups history into common themes.
Big History Cont.Source: The Way We Are Video
• Human Perception changes with the knowledge that we know.
• The Western Civilization was built upon the Greeks of questioning everything in the universe.
• This relates to Big History, because big history ups the scale of the question being ask.
• Also big history combines many subjects to answer the question being ask.
Catastrophesource: Secrets of the Dead “Catastrophe!”
• Catastrophes can change the course of history of a country and for the big ones they can change the course of history
• Example would be the mass extinction of the dinosaurs. With the massive meteor.
• The two scientist that were leading the investigation was Prof. Bailey and Davis
• In the 6th-7th century there was a massive climate change in the world.
• This was seen in extremely narrow tree rings found all over world that suggested a cooler summers.
• This was supported by historic records at this time that noted the cooler days.
• After examine ice cores in Greenland and Antarctica, and saw there was a large amounts of sulfur, which are tell -tell signs of a volcanic eruption,
• This led to Krakatoa off the coast of Southeast Asia, which erupted in the 1800’s.
• The consequence of the 6th Century eruption was causing the Bubonic Plague in Asia that shatter the dreams of bringing the Roman Empire back to its former glory.
Migration Source: National Geographic: “Journey of Mankind” by Spencer Williams
• Spencer Wells is a geneticst who worked on a project to trace the ancestor of modern mankind
• Spencer Wells concluded that every bodies ancestor came from the Soma Bushmen in Africa.
• This was based on a certain genetic trait on the Y-chormosome in males
• 50,000 years ago some of the Bushmen left Africa and ended in Australia.
• Later at 40,000 more bushman left Africa and spread through the Middle East and Asia, and finally Europe and North America.
Migration: Cont. Source: Video: The Colombian Trade
• There are reasons for migrations like hunting and gathering foods.
• The other reason is for trade. A example would be the Spanish Conquistador exploring and conquering most of the Americas in the 15th and 16th century.
Trade: Before Columbus Source: The world in 1492 and Columbus’s World
• To Understand why Christopher Columbus embarked on his journey that change history we must look at the World that he lived in.
• The World of Columbus was a world that started to devolved trade after the Crusades which brought back spices of the far east.
• At this time there was tension with Muslim who conquered Constantinople and the southern part of Spain.
• All the trade routes to Asia were controlled by the Muslim Empire, and force European traders to pay inflated prices.
Trade: Christopher Columbus Source: The world in 1492 and Columbus’s World
• It is important to talk about who Columbus is.
• Columbus was born in 1451 in the Italian City-State of Genova.
• Like in may Italian City-States people in the City State were able to move up in society and were taught to be self confident and to be ambitious.
• Columbus later became a merchant representative.
• Columbus goal to reach the Asian island of Samona “Where the gold was”
• Also to reach China, which was consider to a technological and cultural center.
• To reach these two places would potential gains lots of wealth
Trade: After Columbus Source: The Columbian Trade
• The legacy that Columbus left enormous.
• It was the first time that both of the continents where link by trade.
• The Europeans Brought grains like wheat and barely which found to be great climate to grow
• Also brought livestock like cows, the cows develop the gachos and cowboys which both became respected icons in their countries
• Horses were also brought which change Native Americans life's and help flourish their culture.
• The European also brought foods that were native to the Americas like potatoes, maize, and casaba which saved people form starvation.
FoodSources: Guns, Germs, and Steel: Esp 1 Out of Eden, The Columbian Trade
• Food is a important factor in developing society.
• Agriculture started in the Middle East 11,500 years
• 9,000 years after came live stock • These two factors played important role
in that they provide two stable food sources.
• This in turned help support larger populations and help create specialist
• The specialist in turned could produce steel
• Although 1,000 years latter the Fertile Crescent was abandoned for over use
• Agriculture was carried over to other area similar latitudes.
• For the people who were not so lucky couldn’t supply the constant food, couldn’t developed like the others
ConquestSources: Gun, Germs, and Steel: Esp. 2 Conquests
• The reason that the Spanish Conquistador were able to beat the Inca Empire of South America.
• Frist the technology of the Spanish weapons were made after fighting with the Moors for two hundred years. To jacobabus, which were primitive guns.
• Second was the horses, which were bred for over 4000 years in Spain, also the Spanish riding style of jimeta, which emphasis control and maneuverability and riding with one hand.
• Must important was knowledge, which the Incas were isolated from the rest of the world. That knowledge was able to move easier east to west, instead North to South.
• Lastly Diseases that European were immune to.
Picture Sources National geographic: “Journey of Mankind”
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2002/12/photogalleries/journey_of_man/photo2.html
Conquistador statue
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/multimedia/6265
portrait of Columbus
http://photo-junction.blogspot.com/2008/09/christopher-columbus-photo-gallery.html
1843 Eruption of Krakatoa
http://www.newscientist.com/gallery/biggest-bangs/3
Trade routes in the 1450’s
http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/ftap/map1trade.html
Spanish and Portuguese trade routes
http://qed.princeton.edu/index.php/User:Student/Spanish_and_Portuguese_trade_routes
Gun Germs and Steel
http://www.amazon.com/Guns-Germs-Steel-Fates-Societies/dp/0393061310
Spanish Rapiers
http://www.aceros-de-hispania.com/gb/infer.asp?ac=5&trabajo=listar&pa=roperas&sg=roperas
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