Big data and smart cities: Key data issues

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Prof. Rob Kitchin NIRSA , Maynooth University [email protected] @robkitchin Big data and smart cities Key data issues Government Data Forum, 14 July 2015

Transcript of Big data and smart cities: Key data issues

Page 1: Big data and smart cities: Key data issues

Prof. Rob Kitchin

NIRSA , Maynooth University

[email protected] @robkitchin

Big data and smart citiesKey data issues

Government Data Forum, 14 July 2015

Page 2: Big data and smart cities: Key data issues

Urban big data

• Directedo Surveillance: CCTV,

drones/satelliteo Scaled public admin records

• Automatedo Automated surveillanceo Digital deviceso Sensed and scanned data o Interaction and transactional datao IoT (Internet of things) and M2M

(machine to machine)

• Volunteered o Social mediao Sousveillance/wearableso Crowdsourcingo Citizen science

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Data-driven urbanism

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Single systems

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Integrated, city & sector wide

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Smart ...

• Economy • entrepreneurship, innovation, productivity, competiveness

• Government• e-gov, open data, transparency, accountability, evidence-

informed decision making, better service delivery• Mobility • intelligent transport systems, multi-modal inter-op, efficiency

• Environment• green energy, sustainability, resilience

• Living• quality of life, safety, security, manage risk

• People• more informed, creativity, inclusivity, empowerment,

participation

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Seven critiques of smart cities

• Ahistorical, aspatial and homogenizing• The politics of urban data• Technocratic governance and solutionism• Corporatisation of governance• Buggy, brittle, hackable urban systems• Serve certain interests and reinforce

inequalities• Social, political, ethical effects

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The politics of urban data

Material Platform(infrastructure – hardware)

Code Platform(operating system)

Code/algorithms (software)

Data(base)

Interface

Reception/Operation (user/usage

Systems of thought

Forms of knowledge

Finance

Political economies

Governmentalities & legalities

Organisations and institutions

Subjectivities and communities

Marketplace

System/process performs a task

Contextframes the system/task

Data assemblage

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Data concerns

• Corporatisation of governance• Data ownership• Data control

• Buggy, brittle, hackable urban systems• Data security, data integrity

• Social, political, ethical effects• Data protection and privacy• Dataveillance/surveillance (anonymous vs

personalised data – ANPR, CCTV, facial recognition, travel card & bluetooth tracking, smart metering, etc)

• Data uses: Social sorting, control creep, dynamic pricing, anticipatory governance, official statistics

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Technical data concerns

• Data coverage and access (openness)

• Data integration and interoperability (data standards)

• Data quality and provenance: veracity (accuracy, fidelity), uncertainty, error, bias, reliability, calibration, lineage

• Quality, veracity and transparency of data analytics

• Ecological fallacy and interpretation issues

• Skills and organisational capabilities and capacities

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[email protected]@robkitchin

http://www.nuim.ie/progcity@progcity

Kitchin, R., Lauriault, T. and McArdle, G. (2015) Knowing and governing cities through urban indicators, city benchmarking and real-time dashboards. Regional Studies, Regional Science 2: 1-28

Kitchin, R. (2014) The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism. GeoJournal 79(1): 1-14.