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2 MEASURES OF INEQUALITY AND DEVELOP­MENT

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3 MODERNISATION THEORY

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4 THEORIES OF UNDERDEVELOPMENT

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5 POPULATION, URBANISAT ION AND EDUCA­TION

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6 POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT

P. Bachrach and M. S. Baratz (1962) 'T he two faces of power', AmericanPolitical Science Review, 56, pp. 947- 52.

N. Chomsky and E. Herman (1979) The Washington Connection andThird WorldFascism (Boston: South End Press).

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Pren tice-Hall ).S. Finer (1974) Comparative Government (Harmondsworth: Pelican ).A. G. Frank (197I) Capitalism andUnderdevelopment inLatinAmerica (Harmonds­

worth: Penguin ).S. Hall et al. (1978) Policing the Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order

(London: Macmillan).S. P. Huntingdon (1968) Political Order inChanging Societies (New Haven: Yale

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C. Kerr et al. (1960) Industrialism and Industrial Man (Harmondsworth:Penguin ).

D. Kotz (1979) Bank Control of Large Corporations in America (University ofCalifornia Press).

S. M. Lipset (1959) Political Man (London: Heinemann).P. Lloyd (ed.) (1967) The New Elites of Tropical Africa (London: Oxford

University Press).S. Lukes (1974) Power: A Radical View (London: Macmillan).A. Mafeje (1977) 'Neo-colonialism, state capitalism, or revolution?', in P. C.

W. Gutkind and P. Waterman, AfricanSocial Studies (London: Heinemann).R. Miliband (1977) Marxism and Politics (O xford University Press).C. W. Mills (1959) The Power Elite (New York: Oxford University Press).B. Moore (1966) Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Harmondsworth:

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(London: Longman).P. Schlesinger (1978) 'On the shape and scope ofcounter-insurgency thought',

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Sociologist, 6, pp . 3- 16.M. Zeitlin (1974) 'Corpora te ownership and control: the large corporation

and the capitalist class', American Journal of Sociology, 79, pp. 1073 - I 108.

7 AID AND DEVELOPMENT: WHO BENEFITS?

P. Bauer (1976) Dissent on Development (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson).P. Bauer (1981) Equality, the Third World and Economic Delusion (London:

Weidenfeld & Nicolson).

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W. Bello et al. (1982) Development Debacle: The World Bank in the Phillipines,(London: Third World Public at ions).

Brandt Commission (1979) North-South: a Programmefo rSurvival (London: PanBooks).

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worth: Penguin ).S. George ([976) How the Other Half Dies (Harmondsworth: Penguin).K. Griffin ( I ~176 ) Land Concentration and Rural Poverty (London: Macmillan).B. Hartmann and J. K. Boyce (1980) Needless Hunger: Voicesfrom a Bangladesh

Village (Institute for Food and Development Policy).T . Hayter (1971) Aid as Imperialism (Harmondsworth: Penguin ).T. Hayter (1981) The Creation of World Poverty (London: Pluto Press).K. King (October 1975) 'Boomera ng aid', New Internationalist.G. Kit ching (1982) Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective

(Milton Keynes: Op en University Press),G. Lanning and H. Mueller (1979) Africa Undermined (Ha rmondsworth:

Penguin ).D. Lerner (1964) The Passing of Traditional Society (New York: Free Press).J. S. Mann (1969) 'T he impa ct of Public Law 480 on prices and domestic

supply of cereals in India' , J ournal of Farm Economics, 49.D. McClelland (1961) The Achieving Society (New York: van Nostrand).C. Payer (1974) The DebtTrap; theIMF andthe Third World (Harmondsworth:

Penguin).W. W. Rostow (1960) TheStages of Economic Growth (Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press).J. Williamson (ed.) (1983) IMF Conditionality (Washington: Institute for

International Economics).

8 CRITIQUE OF INDUSTRIALISATION

N, Girvan (1976) Corporate Imperialism: Conflict andExpropriation (New York:Monthl y Review Press).

P. Harrison (1980) The Third World Tomorrow (Harmondsworth: Penguin).G. Kitching (1982) Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective

(Milton Keynes: Open Un iversity Press).D. Meadows (1972) Limits to Growth (New York: Universe Books).R . Mellor (1982) The Urban Perspective (Milton Keynes: Open University

Press).R. McCutcheon (1979) Limits of a Modern World (London: Butterworth).G. McRobie (1980) Small is Possible (New York: Harper & Row).J.K. Nyerere (1968) 'Socialism and rural development' , FreedomandSocialism

(Dar es Salaam, 1967; Oxford University Press).

Bibliography 2 I 3

C. Reich (1970) The Greening ofAmerica (New York: Random House).J. Saul (1977) 'N ationalism, socialism and T anzanian history' , in P. C. W.

Gutkind and P. Waterma n (eds), African Social Studies (London: Hein-emann). .

E. F. Schumac her (1973) Small is beautiful. Economicsas ifPeople Mattered (NewYork: Harper & Row).

C. Sweet (1983) The Price of Nuclear Potuer (London: Heinemann ).R. H. T awney (1966) TheRadical T radition (Harmondsworth: Pelican Books).The Ecologist (1972) A Blueprintfor Survival (Harmondsworth: Penguin ).H. Wainwright and D.Elliott (1983) The Lucas Plan (London: Allison &

Busby).

9 CONCLUSION

P. Baran (1973) The Political Economy ofGrowth (Harmondsworth: PelicanBooks).

P. Bau er (1981) Equality, the Third World and Economic Delusion (London:Weidenfeld & Nicolson).

Brandt Comm ission (1979) North-South: a Programmefor Survival (London: PanBooks).

M. Caldw ell (1977) The Wealth ofSome Nations (London: Zed Press).F. H . Cardoso and E. Faletto (1979) DependencyandDevelopment in LatinAmerica

(Berkeley: University of California Press).R. Cohen et al. (cds) (1979) Peasants and Proletarians (London: Hutchinson).A. Dc Vyldc (1976) Allende's Chile ( Cambridge University Press).S. N. Eisenstadt \I g(6) Modernisation: Protest andChange(Englewood Cliffs, NJ:

Prent ice-Hall).A. G. Fran k (1971) CapitalismandUnderdevelopment in LatinAmerica (Harmonds­

worth: Penguin ).A. G. Frank (1980) 'North - South and East -West Keynesian paradoxes in

the Brandt Commission' , Third World Quarterly 2 , 4.G. Kit ching (1982) Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective,

(Milton Keynes: Open Uni versity Press).D. Lerner (1964) The Passing of Traditional Society (New York: Free Press).B. Moore (1966) Social OriginsofDictatorship andDemocracy (Harmondsworth:

Peregrine Books)T . Parsons (1966) Societies (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall ).J. Petras (1969) Politics and Social Forces in Chilean Development (Berkeley:

University of Californi a Press).J . Petras etal. (1974) 'Industry in the Third World', NewLeft Review, 85, May­

June.I. Roxborough et al. (1977) Chile; The State and Revolution (London: Mac­

millan ).

214 Bibliography

E. F. Schumacher (1973) Smallis Beautiful. Economicsas ifPeople Mattered (NewYork: Harp er & Row).

J. G. T aylor (1979) From M odernisation to M odes of Production (London:Macmillan).

W. Warren (1980) Imperialism, Pioneer ofCapitalism (London: New LeftBooks).

Author Index

Abdalla, I. -S. 23Ake, C. 72Amin , S. 70, 96And erson, M . 59

Bachrach,P. 130Baran , P. 200Baratz, M. S. 130Bauer, P. 50, 158-9, 163, 190Bello, W. 165Berg, I. 114- 15, 119Bernstein, B. 119Bilton, A. I 14Boserup, E. 95Boyce,]. K. 156Brandt, W. 165-7,192Breese, G. 104

Cabral, A. 199Caldwell, M. 87,1 99Cardoso, F. H . 87,19°Chomsky, N. 143Collins, R . 98-9, 114,1 20Coombes, R . H. 122Crenson, M. 130

Dahl, R. 128Dan iel,]. 118Deere, C. D. 100

De Vylde, A. 203De Wilde,]. C. 61Dobb, M. 42Dore , R . 119Dos Santos, T. 86Durkheim, E. 42-6,50,62,67

Eisenstadt, S. N. 54, 57,1 28,189

Elliott, D. 184Ellwood , W. 121

Fielden ,J. 68Fieldhouse, D. K . 74Finer, S. 135,145Frank, A. G. 58, 65, 85- 91, 137,

152, 166, 190, 193

Gauldie, E. I I I

George, S. 98, 150Gibbons, D. 99, 157Girvan, N. 178Gregory, J . 96Griffin, K. 163Gugler ,J. 120Gusfield,J. 58Gutkind, P. I 12

Hafkin, N. 100

Hagen, E. E. 5 I

Hall,S. 131Halsey, A. 120Harrington, M. 16Harrison, P. 122, 185Hart, K. 35Hartmann, B. 156Hayter, T. 163-6Hazlewood , A. L. 121Herman, E. 143Hoogvelt, A. M . M . 61Hosken , F. 101Huntingdon, S. P. 142

International Labour Office 33- 5

Johnson,].]. 142, 145

2 I 6 Author Index

Johnson, T . 114

Kay ,G. 70Kerr, C. 128King,K. 154Kitching, G. 87,162,169,173-5,

201Kotz , D. 129

Laclau, E. 89Lanning, G. 162Lappe, F. 98-9Lenin, V. I. 81-3Lerner, D. 52, 103, 159Levinson, C. 93Lipset, S. M. 128Lloyd, P. 138Long, N. 59-60,86Lukes, S. 130

Mabogunje, A. 24-6McClelland, D. 51,59,159McCutcheon, R. 179McRobie, G. 184,186Mafeje, A. 139-40Mann,]. S. 154Marshall, G. 48Marx, K. 42-3,65-9,83Matthews, R. 38-9Meadows, D. 178Mellor,R. 105, III, 172Miliband, R. 139Mills, C. W. 125Mohiddin, A. I 18Moore , B. 61, 131, 198,205Murray, R. 142-3

Nkrumah, K. 79Nyerere,]. 123

O'Brien, P. 86Odetola, O. O. 142Offe, C. 133Ortiz, S. 60

Parsons, T. 49-51 ,62,128,189Payer, C. 163-4

Petras,] . 87, 142, 190, 196Piche, V. 96Polanyi, M. 41Poulantzas, N. 132

Reich, C. 181Repetto, R. 99Riesman, D. 128Rodinson , M. 131Rodney, W. 72, 106

Rostow, E. 53,55,159Roxborough, I. 53,82, 131 -2,

138,202, 204

Salisbury, R. F. 58Sandbrook. R. 141Saul,]. 174Schumacher, E. F. 182-4, 191Seers, D. 33Singer, H . 112Stavenhagen, R. 78Streeten, P. 32-3Sweet, C. 179

Tawney, R. H . 171 ,186Taylor,]' 196-7Therborn, G. 87, 125Townsend , P. 120

Van Allen,]. 100

Wainwright, H. 184Wallerstein, I. 92Wallman, S. 37-8Warren, W. 65,80,84,88-90,

149, 160, 196, 198Watson, K. 118Weber, M. 42-3,46-9,5°,59Williams, G. P. 65Willis, P. 114Willmott, P. 59World Development Report 15,26,3°,

34,96,116

Young, M. 59

Zeitlin, M. 129

Subject Index

achievement orienta tion 51-2,59,113- 14, 159

aid 147 etpassimcri tiques of 156- 67

alternativedevelopment 191, 193technology 169

appro pria te techn ology 167

basic needs stra tegy 34- 7

capitalismdevelopm ent of 46- 9Marxist theory of 65- 9, 81-4and the sta te 132-4and the Third World 195- 9and urban grow th 105

Chile 202-4China 176- 7, 200- I

class 85, 137- 42, 174colonialism 61,73 -9crede ntialism 122

de-industr ialisation 191depend ency theory 72,84- 91,

154,1 66, 187- 92developm ent

alt ern at ive form s 13, 182-3and aid 147-68cultural, 6, I I , 57, 63historical 9measures of 15- 34perceptions of 10, 37-9policies for 9, 30- 4, 56, 191- 5politics of 124-46

diffusion 54, I 12division oflabour 44,62, 67

ecological movement 169critique of growth 178-82

educa tion 13and colonialism I 17- 2 1

and developm ent 11 3-23entrepreneurs 53, 64European Economic

Community 80, 167export processing zones 189

food , access to 98and aid 153-4

global system 6Gross National Produ ct 15

and aid 151problems with 26-32

imper ialism 61,161and aid 163- 6Lenin and 81- 4

ind epend ence 79- 80industrialisation 53-5,65-9

critique of 169-87inequality I 1-1 2

measures of 15- 34International Monetary Fund 149,

164- 5

merchant capitalism 70- 3, 161military coup 142 - 5modern isation theory 41-63

critique of 56- 63impli cat ions of 55-6model of 189- 90origins of 4 I - 9and politi cs 126-32

2 18 Subject Index

modernisation theory <cont,summary of 53- 5and urban growth 103- 4

multinational corporations 80,92,197

neo-colonialism 79-80

over-urbanisation 107

peasant agriculture 162, 174-6,185-6, 201

policy see developmentpolitical development 124-46

and instability 135-46theories of I 25- 34

population 24,72,94- 102populism I 70- 7poverty 15- 34

absolute 16relative 17-18and relative deprivation 20-2and subsistence 18-20

power 124-5,130,202Protestantism 47-8

rationality 46-9redistribution 33

self-reliance 167,17°,172 -7shanty towns I 10- 12slave trade 70-2socialism 172-7, 199- 204

socialist states 92,141,150sociology of development I - 13surplus value 65, 89

Tanzania 172-7,210-12technology 181- 6

and import-substitution 196-7Third World 22 etpassim

and capitalist growth 89-90,166-7, 195-9

and educational reform 121- 3exploitation of 72-80and gender divisions 100- 2,

120-1and industrialisation 88'modernisation' of 49 -56and population growth 96- 102and urban growth 102- 13variation in 22-6,188-9

tradition v. modernity 50-6,91traditionalism 44-6,48,58 -60transitional society 52- 3

underdevelopment, theories of 64­93

urban markets, 108-9migration 107-8

urbanisation 12- 13,102 - 13

Voluntary Service Overseas 194

World Bank 149world resources [78 -9