Biblical Literature Lecture 08 New Testament Canon
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Transcript of Biblical Literature Lecture 08 New Testament Canon
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7/28/2019 Biblical Literature Lecture 08 New Testament Canon
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New Testament Canon
Biblical Literature
RELG 201
Codex Siniticus Callaway Museum Photos
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Definition of Canon
Review
The canon is an anthology of
works that are considered
divinely inspired and the
authoritative source for all
belief and practice.
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Recognition
of the New Testament Canon
Marcion of Sinope (c. 80 c. 160)
Review
Came to Rome in 140 seeking the office of Bishop.
Taught that the God of the Old Testament was alesser being than God the Father and Jesus.
Completely rejected the Old Testament Canon
The Church excommunicated him in 144.
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Recognition
of the New Testament Canon
Marcion of Sinope (c. 80 c. 160)
Marcions New Testament Canon.
Only a highly redacted (edited) edition of Luke.
Only ten of Pauls epistles (letters).
He rejected:
Three of the four Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and John)
General Epistles
The Shepherd of Hermas
The Church rejected his canon.
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Recognition
of the New Testament Canon
Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260-339)
Father of Church History,Ecclesiastical History
Lists of Books the New Testament (Book III. 24-25)
Recognized Books
Questioned Books
Rejected Books
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Eusebius of Caesarea
Recognized Books Four Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
Acts Pauline Epistles: Romans, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
Galatians, Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, 1 &
2 Thessalonians, 1 & 2 Timothy, Titus, and
Philemon.
General Epistles: 1 Peter and 1 John
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Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 260-339)
Questioned Books
Hebrews
James
Second Peter
Second and Third John
Jude
Revelation
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Eusebius of Caesarea
Rejected Books
Pseudonymous (spurious) Books
Acts of Paul
The Revelation of Peter
Epistle of BarnabasInstitutions of the Apostles
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Recognition
of the New Testament Canon
By the end of the fourth century the New
Testament Canon was settled.
Athanasius (c. 298-373) Easter Letter (367)
Council of Carthage (397)
Jerome (347-420)
Some in the West questioned Hebrews Some in the East questioned Revelation
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Recognition
of the New Testament Canon
Three justifications for recognizing particular
books as part of the the New Testament Canon.
Apostolic origins
Common usage
Theological coherence
This parallels Josephus
description of the Old
Testament as works having
been written by divinely
inspired prophets and
having theologicalcoherence.
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Writing of the Apostolic Fathers
not included in the Canon
First Clement (c. 100)
The Epistles of Ignatius (c. 108)
The Epistle of Polycarp (c. 156)
There is a clear distinctionbetween inspired Scripture (TheCanon) and other writings.
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Other Works Not Included
Pauls missing letter (1 Cor. 5:9-11).
Citied works within the canon
excluded.
Jude cites Enoch
Paul cites pagan poets.