Bias, Persuasion, and Propaganda
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Bias, Persuasion, and Propaganda
From:http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/bsndev-415604-recognizing-bias-propaganda-education-ppt-powerpoint/http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/MasterFoust-400700-recognizing-bias-education-ppt-powerpoint/
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What is Bias?•Bias: (noun) a particular tendency or
inclination, especially one that prevents unprejudiced consideration of a question; prejudice
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How do you recognize bias?•Look for
▫Opinions ▫Loaded Words ▫Faulty Reasoning
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Opinions•Everyone has an opinion.•Look for evidence that supports a point of
view or an agenda.▫Agenda: hidden motive, secret plan, secret
intention, hidden ploy, ulterior motive.▫What is the author’s opinion? It is likely
that he or she is trying to make YOU agree with him or her by persuading you.
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Loaded Words•Denotation
▫The dictionary definition of the word.
•Connotation▫The emotions and
images associated with a word
•Skilled authors and speakers will always choose their words for the greatest emotional impact and clearest possible meaning.
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Word Choice (Diction) MattersThin Emaciated
Two words can have the same denotative meaning, but call up
very different images
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Word Choice Indicates BiasFreedom Fighter Terrorist
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Word Choice Indicates BiasTerrorist? Freedom Fighter?
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Faulty Reasoning•Indicate that something just isn’t right
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Begging the Question•This is a fallacy in which the author states
that something is true as a proof of itself.•X is true because X is true
▫George W. Bush was the worst president because there was no president who was worse than him.
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Propaganda and Persuasive Techniques•People use propaganda to make what they
say or write more convincing. •Propaganda appeals to emotion. •Propaganda is not always logical.
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Propaganda and Persuasive Techniques•Bandwagon:
Everyone else is doing it, so I should too.
•Testimonial: A famous person is used to try and influence you to do or buy something.
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Questions to Ask Yourself…• Purpose
▫Why is the author writing? What do they want me to believe? Who is the author’s intended audience?
• Tone and Style ▫How do they convey their message differently than
some other author might? • Bias
▫What preferences or prejudices does this author have?
• Propaganda and Persuasive Techniques▫Is the author trying to persuade you by using some
of the techniques we’ve reviewed?