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Prva lekcija Lesson One
1
Prva lekcija • Lesson One
Rekvizi !ti [Props]: a !uto, bi !lje"nica [C] sveska [S] te !ka [B], ci ! pela, klju#, knjiga, ma#ka, o !lovka, pa ! pir, pas,
pi !smo, ud" benik.
! A1 "1,2 [See p. 383]
VOCABULARY
a biti
bok! [C]
$ao! [B,S]
ciao [C]
i
ja
ka !ko
ko [B,S]le !kcija
and, butto be
hi! bye!
hi! bye!
hi! bye!
and
I
how
wholesson
prvi, prvo, prvasam
si
stu !dent
ti
tko [C]
zdravo! [B,S]
zo !vem se
zo !ve% sezvati se
first[I] am
(familiar) [you] are
student(familiar) you
who
hi! bye!
my name is [ = I am called]
your name is [ = you are called]to be called
KAKO SE ZOVE&?
Bosnian
1. Zdravo!
2. Zdravo! Ko si ti?
1. Ja sam stu !dent i
zo !vem se ........ .
A ka !ko se ti
zo !ve%?
2. Zo !vem se ........ .
Croatian
1. Bok!
2. Bok! Tko si ti?
1. Ja sam stu !dent i
zo !vem se ........ . A
ka !ko se ti zo !ve%?2. Zo !vem se ........ .
Serbian Latin
1. 'ao!
2. 'ao! Ko si ti?
1. Ja sam stu !dent i
zo !vem se ........ .
A ka !ko se ti
zo !ve%?
2. Zo !vem se ........ .
Serbian Cyrillic
1. ()*!
2. ()*! +* ,- .-?
1. /) ,)0 ,.1!234., -
5*!630 ,3. ........ . 7
8)!8* ,3 .- 5*!639?
2. :*!630 ,3 ........ .
! Insert your own name in the appropriate blank. [For translations of A exercises see Appendix 10.]
The words bok , ciao , !ao and zdravo are used both as ‘hello’ and ‘goodbye’ among colleagues, acquain-
tances, or people of the same age. [For more information on vocabulary see Glossaries in the Appendix.]
zGRAMMAR
* Alphabets and sounds *Two alphabets are in use in the region where B, C, and S are spoken, called “Latin” and “Cyrillic.” S uses
both alphabets while B and C use the Latin alphabet. [1] Learning to pronounce B, C, or S is easy, because
each alphabet letter corresponds to only one sound. [2] See p. 315 for more on pronunciation and alphabet,
and p. xvi for explanation of the accentuation system. Numbers in brackets in the grammar sections refer to
more detailed explanations in Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: A Grammar with Sociolinguistic Commentary.
* Verb conjugation *Every verb has six forms in the present
tense. [7a] Here is the verb zvati se, used
to identify a person’s name. The particle
se accompanies the verb but does not
always follow the verb directly. Rather,
the particle se is required to be in the second position of the sentence, no matter where the verb occurs. This
is true for any verb that occurs with the particle se, such as ka ! e se “one says.” [12a-b]
zo "vem se I am called zo " "vemo se we are called
zo "ve # se you are called zo "vete se you are called
zo "ve se s/he is called zo "vu se they are called
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
2
* Singular and plural you *Use the singular form ti (and the verb form ending in - # ) to refer to a single person you know well. Use the
plural form vi (and the verb ending in -te) to refer either to a group of people or to a single person you are
on more distant, polite terms with. [6]
* The verb to be *
The usual forms of the verb biti “to be” are short, andcannot occur alone at the beginning of a sentence. They
are always placed in the second position of the word or
clause. [7b] The chart to the right gives the forms.
* Vocabulary differences *A number of words have different forms in Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian. For instance, the word meaning
“who” is ko in B and S, and tko in C, while the word for "what" is # ta in B and S, and # to in C.
! A2 "3,4,5,6,7,8
VOCABULARY
a !uto bi !lje"nica [C]
ci ! pela
da
da li [B,S]
ime
je
klju#
knjiga
li [B,C]
ma#ka
moj, mo ! je, mo ! jana e !ngleskomna%, na%e, na%ane
ni ! jenje !gov, nje !govo, nje !gova
njen, njeno, njena [B,C,S]
nje !zin, nje !zino, nje !zina [C]njihov, njihovo, njihova
carnotebook
shoe
yes
[in questions]
name
is
key
book
[in questions]
cat
my, mine
in Englishour, ours
no
is not
his
her, hers
her, hers
their, theirs
o !lovkaon
o !na
o !no
o !vaj, o !vo, o !va
o !vo je
pa ! pir
pas
pi !smo
pi !tanje
sveska [S]
%ta [B,S]
%to [C]taj, to, ta
tamo
te !ka [B]
tvoj, tvo ! je, tvo ! jato
ud" benik
va%, va%e, va%a
pencilhe, it
she, it
it
this
this is
paper
dog
letter, envelope
question
notebook
what?
what?this, that
there
notebook
(familiar) your, yours
this, that
textbook
(polite) your, yours
&TA JE OVO? [B,S] &TO JE OVO? [C]
Bosnian
1. &ta je o !vo?2. To je o "lovka.
1. Je li tvo " ja?
2. Da, mo " ja je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvo " ja!
Njena je!
Croatian
1. &to je o !vo?2. To je o "lovka.
1. Je li tvo " ja?
2. Da, mo " ja je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvo " ja!
Nje ! zina je!
Serbian Latin
1. &ta je o !vo?2. To je o "lovka.
1. Da li je tvo " ja?
2. Da, mo " ja je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvo " ja!
Njena je!
Serbian Cyrillic
1. ;.) <3 *!6*?2. =* <3 $ ! %$&'(.
1. >) ?- <3 )&$" *(?
2. >), +$" *( je.
1. @3, 4e! @- ! <3 )&$" *(!
,-.( <3!
! Replace o "lovka with bi !lje"nica [C] sveska [S] te !ka [B], ci ! pela, ma#ka. Replace the possessives tvoj,
moj and njen [B,S] nje " zin [C] with na%, nje !gov, njihov, va%.
sam [I] am smo [we] are
si [you] are ste [you] are
je [s/he] is su [they] are
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
3
Bosnian
1. &ta je o !vo?
2. To je ud ! benik .
1. Je li tvoj?
2. Da, moj je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvoj! Njen je!
Croatian
1. &to je o !vo?
2. To je ud ! benik .
1. Je li tvoj?
2. Da, moj je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvoj! Nje ! zin je!
Serbian Latin
1. &ta je o !vo?
2. To je ud ! benik .
1. Da li je tvoj?
2. Da, moj je.
1. Ne, ne! Ni ! je tvoj! Njen je!
Serbian Cyrillic
1. ;.) <3 *!6*?
2. =* <3 /01-.2'.
1. >) ?- <3 )&o *?
2. >), +$* je.
1. @3, 43! @-! <3 )&$*! ,-. je!
! Replace ud ! benik with a !uto, pa ! pir, pas, klju# and use possessives nje !gov, na%, va%, njihov.
Bosnian
1. &ta je o !vo?
2. To je pi ! smo.
1. Je li tvo " je?
2. Da, mo ! je je.
1. Ne! Ni ! je tvo " je! Mo " je
je!
Croatian
1. &to je o !vo?
2. To je pi ! smo.
1. Je li tvo " je?
2. Da, mo ! je je.
1. Ne! Ni ! je tvo " je! Mo " je
je!
Serbian Latin
1. &ta je o !vo?
2. To je pi ! smo.
1. Da li je tvo " je?
2. Da, mo ! je je.
1. Ne! Ni ! je tvo " je!
Mo " je je!
Serbian Cyrillic
1. ;.) <3 *!6*?
2. =* <3 32"4+$.
1. >) ?- <3 )&$" *-?
2. >), +$" *- je.
1. @3! @-! <3 )&$" *-!
5$" *- <3!
! Replace pi " smo with ime or pi !tanje (write a name or a question out on a piece of paper and use
that as the object of the exchange) and use possessives njen [B,S] nje !zin [C] nje !gov, na%, va%, njihov.
zGRAMMAR
* Nouns and gender * Nouns in BCS can be masculine, feminine or neuter. Masculine nouns, like pas, usually end in a consonant.
Feminine nouns, like ma6 ka, usually end in -a. Neuter nouns, like pi "tanje, end in -e or -o. [5a] Possessive pronominal adjectives, like moj, tvoj or njihov, have endings similar to the nouns they agree with. For
example: moj pas (masculine) , mo " je pitanje (neuter), mo " ja ma6 ka (feminine). [11a]
* Pronouns *Subject pronouns are used for emphasis, or when
the person or thing is mentioned for the first time.
They are omitted otherwise, since the verb form
alone gives the necessary information. In the 3rd
person, the choice of pronoun is determined bythe gender of the noun referred to. The plural
forms o "ne and o "na are used only to refer to exclusively feminine or neuter groups, respectively, while the
masculine o "ni refers to masculine only, a mixed group, or the general idea “they.” [6]
* Questions *Questions which expect the answer “yes” or “no” are formed in different ways. The most frequent way in Sis to place da li before the verb, and the most frequent way in B and C is to place li after the verb. [8b]
Other questions begin with a question word such as “what,” “who,” or the like, as in English. The question
marker (question word, da li or the sequence “verb + li”) always stands at the beginning of a sentence. [8a]
singular plural
masculine on he, it o "ni they
neuter o "no it o "na they
feminine o "na she, it o "ne they
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
4
* Adjectives *
Adjectives usually precede a noun. Many adjectives, and all possessive pronominal adjectives, can also
occur after a form of the verb “to be,” as in pas je moj, ma6 ka je tvo " ja. In both instances the ending of theadjective must agree with the noun to which it refers. Neuter adjectives end in either - o or -e depending on
the preceding consonant (for instance, njihovo but na # e). [11, 11a] Adjectives in glossary listings are given
in the order “masculine - neuter – feminine,” as in moj, mo " je, mo
" ja. After Lesson 8, only the masculineform is given unless there is an otherwise unpredictable change, in which case the feminine is also given.
! A3 " 9,10
VOCABULARY
dan
dobar, dobro, dobradobar dan
ili
ka"e se
ka !ko se ka"e (....)mi
na bo !sanskom
day
goodhello
or
is said, one says
how do you say (....)we
in Bosnian
na hr !vatskom
na srpskomsladak, sla !tko, sla !tka
vi
zo !ve se
zo !vemo sezo !vete se
"e !na
in Croatian
in Serbiansweet
you (plural)
his/its/her name is
our name isyour name is
woman, wife
DOBAR DAN
[#1 and #2 are students. They meet a couple named George and Mary, who are walking with #3, another
student. They strike up a conversation as they stroll.]
Bosnian
1. Dobar dan!
2. Dobar dan! Ka !ko je sladak o !vaj pas!
1. To je njihov pas [ points to Mary and
George], ni ! je moj. Je li to tvo ! ja ma#ka?2. Da, mo ! ja je.
1. Ka !ko se zo !ve?
2. Ma#ka se zo !ve Ma !ca. A ka !ko se zo !ve taj
slatki pas?
3. Zo !ve se Freddy.
2. A ka !ko se ti zo !ve%?
1. Ja se zo !vem ........ , a vi?
2. Mi se zo !vemo ........ i ........ . A vi, ka !ko se
zo !vete?
George: Mo ! je ime je George, o !vo je mo ! ja "e !na
Mary, a Freddy je na%. Mo ! je pi !tanje je: Ka !ko
se ka"e George na hr
!vatskom i srpskom?1. George se ka"e Juraj na hr !vatskom.
2. A Aor Be na srpskom.
Mary: A na bo !sanskom?
3. Ili Juraj ili Aor Be.
Croatian
1. Dobar dan!
2. Dobar dan! Ka !ko je sladak o !vaj pas!
1. To je njihov pas [ points to Mary and
George], ni ! je moj. Je li to tvo ! ja ma#ka?2. Da, mo ! ja je.
1. Ka !ko se zo !ve?
2. Ma#ka se zo !ve Ma !ca. A ka !ko se zo !ve taj
slatki pas?
3. Zo !ve se Freddy.
2. A ka !ko se ti zo !ve%?
1. Ja se zo !vem ........ , a vi?
2. Mi se zo !vemo ........ i ........ . A vi, ka !ko se
zo !vete?
George: Mo ! je je ime George, o !vo je mo ! ja "e !na
Mary, a Freddy je na%. Mo ! je je pi !tanje: Ka !ko
se ka"e George na hr
!vatskom i srpskom?1. George se ka"e Juraj na hr !vatskom.
2. A Aor Be na srpskom.
Mary: A na bo !sanskom?
3. Ili Juraj ili Aor Be.
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
5
Serbian Latin
1. Dobar dan!
2. Dobar dan! Ka !ko je sladak o !vaj pas!
1. To je njihov pas [ points to Mary and
George], ni ! je moj. A da li je to tvo ! ja ma#ka?
2. Da, mo ! ja je.1. Ka !ko se zo !ve?
2. Ma#ka se zo !ve Ma !ca. A ka !ko se zo !ve taj
slatki pas?
3. Zo !ve se Fredi.
2. A ka !ko se ti zo !ve%?1. Ja se zo !vem ........ , a vi?
2. Mi se zo !vemo ........ i ........ . A vi, ka !ko se
zo !vete?
D"ord": Mo ! je ime je D"ord", o !vo je mo ! ja "e !na
Meri, a Fredi je na%. Mo ! je pi !tanje je: Ka !ko
se ka"e D"ord" na hr !vatskom i srpskom?
1. D"ord" se ka"e Juraj na hr !vatskom.2. A Aor Be na srpskom.
Meri: A na bo !sanskom?
3. Ili Juraj ili Aor Be.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. >*C)D 2)4!
2. >*C)D 2)4! +)!8* <3 ,?)2)8 *!6)< E),!1. =* je F-G*6 E), [ points to Mary and
George], 4-! j3 0*<. 7 2) ?- <3 .* .6*! <)
0)H8)?2. >), 0*! <) <3.1. +)!8* ,3 5*!63?2. I)H8) ,3 5*!63 I)!J). 7 8)!8* ,3 5*!63 .)< ,?).8- E),?
3. :*!63 ,3 KD32-.
2. 7 8)!8* ,3 .- 5*!639?
1. /) ,3 5*!630 ........ , ) 6-?
2. I- ,3 5*!630* ........ - ........ . 7 6-, 8)!8*
,3 5*!63.3?L*DM: I*! <3 -03 <3 L*DM, *!6* <3 0*! <) N3!4) I3D-, ) KD32- <3 4)9. I*! <3 E-!.)F3 <3:
+)!8* ,3 8)N3 L*DM 4) GD!6).,8*0 - ,DE,8*0?
1. L*DM ,3 8)N3 /1D) j 4) GD!6).,8*0.
2. 7 O*DP3 4) ,DE,8*0.
I3D-: 7 4) C*!,)4,8*0?
3. Q?- /1D) j -?- O*DP3.! Students should speak this and other conversations aloud. Each student should assume one of thenumbered roles. When names are to be inserted in blanks, students can either use their own names or
choose a B, C, or S name from the list on p. 317.
Self-study learners (those who are working on their own rather than in a classsroom setting): Read
through each exercise several times. Then repeat after the recording until you are familiar with theexchange. Finally, study the grammar sections after each A exercise and use this information to analyze the
grammar in the exercises.
zGRAMMAR
* Adjectives, continued *The masculine form of adjectives can end in a consonant or -i. Most masculine adjectives have both forms.
[17] The form sometimes changes before the ending -i (for instance, sladak but slatki; for more, see p. 25).
[16b] The demonstrative pronoun o "vaj “this” must also agree with its noun when it functions as anadjective (for instance, o "vaj pas, o "vo pi "tanje, o "va ma6 ka). [11b] When the words o "vo or to are used to
present something or someone, they do not change form. For instance: o "vo je moj pas, to je mo " ja ma6 ka).
[9]
* Spelling of proper names *Proper names often have different forms (or spellings) in B, C, or S. In addition, C spells foreign names as
in the original language (thus George, Catherine, Mary), while S spells them as they are pronounced in the
original language (thus D ! ord ! , Ketrin, Meri). While B can use either means of spelling, there is a greater
tendency toward the C usage. [1c]
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
6
! A4 "11,12
VOCABULARY
ali
Amerika !nac
Ameri !kanka
Austra !lac [C]
Australija !nac [B,S]Australi ! janka [B,S]
Au !stralka [C]
Bosa !nac
Bo !sanka#o !vek
#o !vjek
Crnogo !rac
Crno !gorka
do !ma$a za !da$a [B,C]
do !ma$i zada !tak [S]drug [B,S]
drugovi [B,S]
E !ngleskinja
E !nglez
Fra !ncuskinja
Fra !ncuzHr !vat
Hrva !tica
but
American person, man
American woman
Australian person, man
Australian person, manAustralian woman
Australian woman
Bosnian person, man
Bosnian woman
man, person
man, person
Montenegrin man/person
Montenegrin woman
homework
homeworkfriend, companionfriends, companions
Englishwoman
Englishman
Frenchwoman
Frenchman
Croatian man/person
Croatian woman
je !sam
je !si
jest [C]
jeste [B,S]
jeste [B,S] je !su
Kana !Banin
Kana !Banka
ni !su
o !ni
prijatelj [B,C]
prijatelji [B,C]
profesor
profeso !rica [B,C]
pro !fesorka [B,S]SrbinSrpkinja
stu !dentica [B,C]
stu !dentkinja [B,S]
su
ve" ba
vje" ba
[I] am (emphatic)
[you] are (emphatic)
[he, it, she] is (emphatic)
[you] are (emphatic)
[he, it, she] is (emphatic)[they] are (emphatic)
Canadian person, man
Canadian woman
[they] are not
they
friend
friends
professor, teacher
professor, teacher (f)
professor, teacher (f) Serbian man/personSerbian woman
student (f)
student (f)
[they] are
exercise
exercise
PAS I MARKA
Bosnian
1. Je !si li ti stu !dent?
2. Da, ja sam stu !dent. Da li si ti stu !dentica?
1. Je !sam.
3. I ja sam stu !dentica. A George i Mary, %ta su
o !ni?
2. George je profesor, a Mary je profeso !rica.
3. A njihov pas?
2. Njihov pas ni ! je profesor. Pas ni ! je #o !vjek!
Ali on jeste na% prijatelj.
3. Je !su li pas i ma#ka prijatelji?
2. I je !su i ni !su.
1. Je li George Fra "ncuz ?
2. Ne, on je E "nglez .
1. A %ta je Mary?
2. O !na je E "ngleskinja.
Croatian
1. Je !si li ti stu !dent?
2. Da, ja sam stu !dent. Je !si li ti stu !dentica?
1. Je !sam.
3. I ja sam stu !dentica. A George i Mary, %to su
o !ni?
2. George je profesor, a Mary je profeso !rica.
3. A njihov pas?
2. Njihov pas ni ! je profesor. Pas ni ! je #o !vjek!
Ali on jest na% prijatelj.
3. Je !su li pas i ma#ka prijatelji?
2. I je !su i ni !su.
1. Je li George Fra "ncuz ?
2. Ne, on je E "nglez .
1. A %to je Mary?
2. O !na je E "ngleskinja.
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
7
Serbian Latin
1. Da li si ti stu !dent?
2. Da, ja sam stu !dent. Da li si ti stu !dentkinja?
1. Je !sam.
3. I ja sam stu !dentkinja. A D"ord" i Meri, %ta
su o !ni?2. D"ord" je profesor, a Meri je pro !fesorka.
3. A njihov pas?
2. Njihov pas ni ! je profesor. Pas ni ! je #o !vek! Ali
on jeste na% drug.
3. Da li su pas i ma#ka prijatelji?
2. I je !su i ni !su.
1. Da li je D"ord" Fra "ncuz?
2. Ne, on je E "nglez .
1. A %ta je Meri?
2. O !na je E "ngleskinja.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. >) ?- ,- .- ,.1!234.?
2. >), <) ,)0 ,.1!234.. >) ?- ,- .-
,.1!234.8-F)?
1. /3!,)0.
3. Q j) ,)0 ,.1!234.8-F). 7 L*DM - I3D-,9.) ,1 *!4-?
2. L*DM <3 ED*S3,*D, a I3D- <3 ED*!S3,*D8).
3. 7 F-G*6 E),?
2. T-G*6 E), 4-! j3 ED*S3,*D. U), 4-! <3 H*!638!
7?- o4 <3,.e 4)9 2D1V.3. >) ?- ,1 E), - 0)H8) ED-<).3W-?
2. Q <3!,1 - 4- !,1.
1. >) ?- je L*DM 78(".9/ :?
2. @3, *4 je ;".<%e :.1. 7 9.) <3 I3D-?
2. O !4) <3 E ".<%-4'2=(.
! Replace Fra "ncuz with Bosa !nac, Crnogo !rac, Hr !vat, Srbin. Replace E "nglez with Amerika !nac,Austra !lac [C] Australija !nac [B,S], Kana !Banin; replace E "ngleskinja with Ameri !kanka, Australi ! janka [B,S]
Au !stralka [C], Kana !Banka.
! In the lines referring to George’s and Mary’s nationalities, switch 'George' with 'Mary,' and useas replacements Fra "ncuskinja, and Bo !sanka or Crno !gorka or Hrva !tica or Srpkinja.
The exercise above uses the terms Bosa "nac and Bo " sanka rather than Bo " # njak and B$" # njakinja. In currentusage the terms Bo " # njak and B$" # njakinja refer specifically to members of the Muslim community, while
the terms Bosa "nac and Bo " sanka refer to any resident of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
zGRAMMAR
* Nouns denoting professions and nationalities * Nouns denoting nationalities have two forms, one referring to females alone (such as Ameri "kanka) and one
referring both to males and to the general idea (such as Amerika "nac). Many nouns denoting professions
function in a similar manner: for instance, stu "dentica and stu "dentkinja mean only “female student” while
stu "dent means either “male student” or just “student.” [5b]
* The verb to be, continued *
There are two sets of longer forms for this verb, which
are given in the chart to the right. One set is used to
express negation and the other is used in questions and
for emphasis. In this second meaning, C uses jest in 3rd
singular while B and S use jeste. [7b]
* Plural of masculine nouns *The plural of masculine nouns ends in - i. [32a] Masculine nouns containing a single syllable frequently add
the syllable -ov- or -ev- before the ending -i. [32e] For instance, the plural of prijatelj is prijatelji while the
plurals of drug and bro j are drugovi, and bro " jevi. Long vowels frequently shorten in these plurals. [166b]
* Vocabulary differences, continued *The suffixes denoting female humans often vary between B, C, and S. In addition, certain words referring
to basic concepts are used with different frequencies and sometimes with different meanings in B, C, and S.For instance the word drug is used more frequently in S in the meaning, “friend, companion,” while
prijatelj is used in this meaning in B, C (and all three use prijatelj in the meaning “life-long friend”).
long (negation) long (emphasis)
ni ! sam ni ! smo je " sam je " smo
ni ! si ni ! ste je " si je " ste
ni " je ni " su jeste, jest je " su
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
8
oVJEXBE [J] VEXBE [E] [Exercises]
Self-study learners: For the solutions to exercises in sections B and C of each lesson, consult the answer
keys available for download at www.bcsgrammarandtextbook.org
B1
Bosnian
1. Ko je stu !dent?
2. On je.
1. Ko?2. On!
Croatian
1. Tko je stu !dent?
2. On je.
1. Tko?
2. On!
Serbian
1. Ko je stu !dent?
2. On je.
1. Ko?
2. On!
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +* <3 ,.1!234.?
2. >. *-.
1. +*?
2. >.!
Replace on with o !na, ja, ti, and replace je with sam, si. As you are saying each sentence, point to the
person you are speaking about.
Self-study learners (those who are working on their own): Write some names from p. 317 on pieces of
paper and point to them as you do this exercise.
All students: For an overview of conjugation forms, see Appendix 6, pp. 333-339.
B2
Ask each other these questions (using information from A3 and A4):
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin
Ka !ko se zo !ve o !va j stu !dent?
[B,C] Ka !ko se zo !ve o !va stu !dentica?
[S] Ka !ko se zo !ve o !va stu !dentkinja?
[B,C] Ka !ko se zo !vu profesor i profeso !rica?
[S] Ka !ko se zo !vu profesor i pro !fesorka?
Ka !ko se zo !vemo mi?Ka !ko se zo !ve njihov pas?
Ka !ko se zo !ve nje !gova ma#ka?
Ka !ko se zo !ve tvoj prijatelj?
Serbian Cyrillic
+)!8* ,3 5*!63 *!6) < ,.1!234.?
+)!8* ,3 5*!63 *!6) ,.1!234.8-F)?
+)!8* ,3 5*!61 ED*S3,*D - ED*!S3,*D8)?
+)!8* ,3 5*!630* 0-?+)!8* ,3 5*!63 F-G*6 E),?
+)!8* ,3 5*!63 F3!V*6) 0)H8)?
+)!8* ,3 5*!63 .6* < 2D1V?
B3
In this exercise, use the name you have chosen from the list on p. 317 to be your B, C, or S name.
Bosnian
1. Ka !ko se zo !ve% na e !ngleskom?
2. Zo !vem se Caitlin.
1. A ka !ko je tvo ! je bo !sansko ime?2. D ! eli "la.
Croatian
1. Ka !ko se zo !ve% na e !ngleskom?
2. Zo !vem se Caitlin.
1. A ka !ko je tvo ! je hr !vatsko ime?2. I "va.
Serbian Latin
1. Ka !ko se zo !ve% na e !ngleskom?
2. Zo !vem se Kejtlin.
1. A ka !ko je tvo ! je sr ! psko ime?
2. Go "rdana.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +)!8* ,3 5*!639 4) 3!4V?3,8*0?
2. :*!6e0 ,3 ? ej)%2..
1. 7 8)!8* <3 .6*! <3 ,D!E,8* -03?
2. @$" 8A(.(.
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
9
B4
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin
1. Ka !ko se ka"e pencil ?
2. Pencil se ka"e o !lovka.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +)!8* ,3 8)N3 pencil ?
2. Pencil ,3 8)N3 $" %$&'(.
! Replace pencil with question, dog, cat, man, notebook, car, shoe.
B5
Ask each other these questions:
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian Latin
1. Ka !ko se ka"e “stu !dentica” na srpskom?
2. Ka !ko se ka"e “pro !fesorka” na bo !sanskom i
hr !vatskom?
3. Ka !ko se ka"e “tko” na srpskom i
bo !sanskom ?
4. Ka !ko se ka"e “sveska” na hr !vatskom ili bo !sanskom?
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +)!8* ,3 8)N3 “,.1!234.-J)” 4) ,DE,8*0?2. +)!8* ,3 8)N3 “ED*!S3,*D8)” 4) C*!,)4,8*0 - GD!6).,8*0?
3. +)!8* ,3 8)N3 “.8*” 4) ,DE,8*0 - C*!,)4,8*0?
4. +)!8* ,3 8)N3 “,63,8)” 4) GD!6).,8*0 - C*!,)4,8*0?
B6
Bosnian
1. Ko je o !va "e !na?
2. O !na se zo !ve ........ .
1. A %ta je o !na?
2. Profeso "rica je.
Croatian
1. Tko je o !va "e !na?
2. O !na se zo !ve ....... .
1. A %to je o !na?
2. Profeso "rica je.
Serbian Latin
1. Ko je o !va "e !na?
2. O !na se zo !ve ........ .
1. A %ta je o !na?
2. Pro " fesorka je.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +* <3 *!6) N3!4)?2. Y!4) ,3 5*!63 ........ .1. A 9.) <3 *!4)?2. B8$"C-4o 8'( je.
Bosnian
1. Ko je o !va j #o !vjek?2. On se zo !ve ........ .
1. A %ta je on?
2. Profesor je.
Croatian
1. Tko je o !vaj #o !vjek?2. On se zo !ve ........ .
1. A %to je on?
2. Profesor je.
Serbian Latin
1. Ko je o !vaj #o !vek?2. On se zo !ve ........ .
1. A %ta je on?
2. Profesor je.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +* <3 *!6)< H*!638?2. Y4 ,3 5*!63 ........ .1. A 9.) <3 *4?2. B8$C-4$8 je.
! Pick a different name (than the one used in B3) from the list of names given on p. 317. Replace profeso "rica [B, C] pro " fesorka [S] with stu !dentica [B,C] stu !dentkinja [S] and then replace profesor with
stu !dent. Also try some of the nationalities given in A4.
B7
Analysis and Discussion:
1. Pick three examples of feminine, neuter and masculine nouns used in this lesson.
2. Give three examples of possessive pronominal adjectives used in this lesson.
3. What are the pronouns used in this lesson?
4. Fully conjugate the present tense of the verbs biti and zvati se.
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
10
! DOMA'A ZADA'A [B,C] DOMA'I ZADATAK [S]
[Homework]
Recommendation for written exercises throughout the book: While simply filling in the blank with the
word or words requested will help you learn, you will learn much more if you write each sentence out infull.
C1
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of zvati se
Example: Ka !ko ……… (ona)? ………… (Sanja) becomes Ka !ko se zo !ve? Zo !ve se Sanja.
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Latin
1. Ka !ko ........ (ti)?
Zo !vem se ........ . (your name)
2. Ka !ko ........ (o !ni)?
.......George i Mary.
3. Ka !ko ....... (mi)?
....... (your names).
4. Ka !ko ........ (on)?
........ George.
5. Ka !ko ........ (vi)?
........ (your name[s]).
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +a !8o ........ (.-)?:*!630 ,3 ........ . (your name)
2. +a !8o ........ (o !4-)?
........ L*DM - I3D-.
3. +a !8o ........ (0-)?
........ (your names).
4. +a !8o ........ (o4)?
........ L*DM.
5. +a !8o ........ (6-)?
........ (your name[s]).
C2
Bosnian
1. Ko je ta "e !na?
O !na ........ .
2. Ko je taj #o !vjek?
On ........ .
3. &ta sam ja?
Vi ........ .
4. &ta sam ja?
Ti ........ .
5. Ko ste vi?
Ja ........ .
6. Ko ste vi?
Mi ........ .
Croatian
1. Tko je ta "e !na?
O !na ........ .
2. Tko je taj #o !vjek?
On ........ .
3. &to sam ja?
Vi ........ .
4. &to sam ja?
Ti ........ .
5. Tko ste vi?
Ja ........ .
6. Tko ste vi?
Mi ........ .
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
11
Serbian Latin
1. Ko je ta "e !na?
O !na ........ .
2. Ko je taj #o !vjek?
On ........ .
3. &ta sam ja?
Vi ........ .
4. &ta sam ja?
Ti ........ .
5. Ko ste vi?
Ja ........ .
6. Ko ste vi?
Mi ........ .
Serbian Cyrillic
1. +* <3 .) N3!4)?Y!4) ........ .
2. +* <3 .)< H*!638?O4 ........ .
3.;.) ,)0 <)?B- ........ .
4.;.) ,)0 <)?T- ........ .
5. +* ,.3 6-?/) ........ .
6. +* ,.3 6-?
I- ........ . ! Insert the required form of the verb biti and your choice of: prijatelj [B,C] drug [S], profesor, profeso !rica [B,C] pro !fesorka [S], stu !dent, stu !dentica [B,C] stu !dentkinja [S] combined with moj, tvoj,
nje !gov, njen [B,S] nje !zin [C], na%, va%, njihov. Write out each question and answer in full.
C3
If this is the answer, what is the question?
Bosnian
1. Zo !vem se
Du ! bravka.
2. Pas je moj.
3. Ma#ka se zo !veMa !ca.
4. Mo ! je ime je
George.
5. Na hr !vatskom se
ka"e Juraj.
6. Na srpskom se
ka"e Aor Be.
7. I Juraj i Aor Be.
8. Je !sam.
Croatian
1. Zo !vem se
Du ! bravka.
2. Pas je moj.
3. Ma#ka se zo !veMa !ca.
4. Mo ! je je ime
George.
5. Na hr !vatskom se
ka"e Juraj.
6. Na srpskom se
ka"e Aor Be.
7. I Juraj i Aor Be.
8. Je !sam.
Serbian Latin
1. Zo !vem se
Du ! bravka.
2. Pas je moj.
3. Ma#ka se zo !veMa !ca.
4. Mo ! je ime je
D"ord".5. Na hr !vatskom se
ka"e Juraj.
6. Na srpskom se
ka"e Aor Be.
7. I Juraj i Aor Be.
8. Je !sam.
Serbian Cyrillic
1. :*!630 ,3 >1!CD)68).2. U), <3 0*<.3.I)H8) ,3 5*!63
I)!J).4.I*! <3 -03 <3 L* DM.
5. @) GD!6).,8*0 ,3 8)N3 /1D) j.
6. @) ,DE,8*0 ,3 8)N3 O*DP3.
7. Q J1D) j - O*DP3.8. /3!,)0.
C4
Consult the Cyrillic penmanship guide on p. 319 and work through the practice sheets on pp. 14-17. Then
write the following words out in Cyrillic. Designate the words as B, C, or S where appropriate. Circle the
accent-bearing syllable in each word.
pas
ma#ka
profesor
tko
prijatelj
o !vaj
zo !vu se
ime
on
tvo ! jenjihova
klju#
profeso !rica
bi !lje"nica
je
pa ! pir
Aor Besveska
drug
ci ! pela
to
Juraj
pro !fesorka
na%e
ste
moj
te !ka
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
12
C5
Translate into B, C, or S:
1. I am a student.
2. The American man is a professor.
3. His name is George, and her name is Mary.
4. The dog is her friend.
5. The cat is theirs.
6. The American woman is a professor.
7. Who is that man?
C6
Rehearse A3 outside of class for an in-class performance.
!
Geografska pitanja [B,C,S] Zemljopisna pitanja [C]
VOCABULARY
Alba !nija
A !ustrija
Bosna i He !rcegovina
Bugarska
Crna Go !rageo !grafski, geo !grafsko,
geo !grafska [B,C,S]
Hr !vatska
Italija
Jadransko moreKosovo
Albania
Austria
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Montenegro
geographical
Croatia
Italy
Adriatic SeaKosovo
MaBarska
Make !donija
more
pi !tanja
Ru !munija [B,S]
Ru !munjska [C]
Slo !venija
Sr ! bija
Vo ! jvodina
zemljopisni, zemljopisno,zemljopisna [C]
Hungary
Macedonia
sea
issues
Romania
Romania
Slovenia
Serbia
Vojvodina
geographical
! Enter the name of each country or region where it belongs on the blank map on p. 13. Consult the map
at the beginning of the book.
Alba !nija, A !ustrija, Bosna i He !rcegovina, Bugarska, Crna Go !ra, Hr !vatska, Italija, Jadransko more, Kosovo,MaBarska, Make !donija, Ru !munija [B,S] Ru !munjska [C], Slo !venija, Sr ! bija, Vo ! jvodina.
7?C) !4-<), 7!1,.D-<), Z*,4) - [3! DJ3V*6-4), Z1V)D,8), \*! <6*2-4), Q.)?-<), /)2D)4,8* 0*D3, +*,*6*,
I)P)D,8), I)832*4-<), ]1!014-<a, ^?*!634-<), ^D!C-<), [D!6).,8), _D4) `*! D).
The solid line demarcating the boundaries of Kosovo—on both the map on the next page and the map onthe inside cover—represents Kosovo as an independent state. Although this is generally accepted at the
international level, not all countries have recognized this status for Kosovo.
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
13
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
14
Cyrillic practice
Below are examples of Cyrillic letters in upper and lower case, with the latter given both in initial and
non-initial position in the word. Each word is given in italics as well. While most letters are similar in
italics, there are a few that are quite different, particularly g: # and !, d: $ and ", i: - and #, t: % and $. See
p. 319 for handwriting guides.
A [A] &'()*+ %&'#() +,()- )*'#+ $+. "),
/ [B] /01.+ -./,) 201+.1*) 0./),/(# $02+( ".0)'
3 [V] 30450$).+
1.23."#,)
5)10* 3#/.(
%504 $3.2
6 [G] 6(7%+ 4'5$) #70#(+')4+ !5.!')) +5#81% )3!6/$
9 [D] 982(05.)* 760'.3,#( $7:7;2+( "58590)' 1(7$+ /'5")
< [=] <0(>7 :.';5 >+* ;)( ;+>+(1*) 9);)'/(#
? [E] ?5(0,+ <3'.*) 7.#-71*) 5,!+5/(# 47$+. 25"),
@ [A] @+*-).+ =)(+#,) B7.+ >5,) ;0B7 9.>5
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
15
C [Z] C+#(72 ?)!'50 D+ @) *(0D ('.@
E [I] E%+-)4+ A$)+#2) );+%) #9)$# ;0-); 9.+#9
F [J] F8#01-+5)4+ B6!./+)3#2) 4+.8+( 2),6)' ;047 9.25
K [G] G01050 C./.3. *0 (. 1(,1*) /'*/(#
H [L] H0.$0. D.,"., -7, +5* +-) )+#
I [Lj] I82J+.+ E60F),) J82+5 F60)3 .7$7J+ ,5"5F)
K [M] K+*7$0.)4+ G)(5".,#2) ;+(% 9)'$ .7;+ ,59)
L [N] L05) M+$ H.3# I)" .057;2+( ,.3590)' (7N.)* '5J,#(
O [Nj] O840(* K62.'( P7#05 L5!.3 ,)%+P7 *#$)L5
Q [O] Q(7#0. M'5!., 0*%02+( .($.0)' -0R +.N
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
16
S [P] S0$#0():+ O."!.'#8) ,7%+* *5$)( :),7-+ 8#*5+)
T [R] T8;8.)4+ P696,#2) (81*) '6/(# :(. 8',
M [M] M(2)4+ I'0#2) 17,%7;2+( /5*$590)' ,)1;0 *#/9.
U [T] U7*1+1 Q5(/)/ %+%+ $)$) N7%5(%+* J5$3'$)(
V [W] V8,()4+ R6*'#2) X)()-):+ S#'#+#8) *8X+ (6S)
Y [U] Y#+.$+ T!),") 8%0(+* 6$.')( 48. 26,
Z [F] Z(+.:81*+ U'),86/() '72(8+( &50'6)' *+'+ ()&)
[ [H] [(5+%1*+ V'3)$/() \-72 W+50 P)\05a L#W.3a
] [C] ](.+ 60(+ X',) 4.') :(57. 8'35, '(+.:81*) &'),86/(#
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Prva lekcija Lesson One
17
^ [_] ^)*+#0 Y#()!. N057* J.35( ;+N*+ 9)J()
` [Da] `8-) Z6+# b7D [5@
8b27.)* 6[05,#(
c [d] c+(-0%+ \)'+.$) R%+ N$) 5+R7 3)N5
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