BEYOND THE 5 SENSES 19 SENSES???. Science formally acknowledges that human have at least 11 senses...
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BEYOND THE BEYOND THE 5 SENSES5 SENSES
19 SENSES???
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Science formally acknowledges that human have at least 11 senses and some list 19 or more.
• Input receptor which provides information to the brain.
• 12 pairs of cranial nerves branching out from the brain assist in this.
• Dependent on 6 senses, all which directly have direct connections to the brain.
• Others utilize information in a different manner
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SENSES OF LIVING THINGSSENSES OF LIVING THINGS
• Senses are the physiological methods of perception.
• A system that consists of a group of sensory cell types that corresponds to a particular group of regions within the brain where the signals are received and interpreted.
• One commonly recognized categorisation for human senses is as follows:
chemoreception; photoreception; mechanoreception; thermoception.
• It is believed that all human senses fit into one of these four categories.
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5 PRIMARY SENSESPRIMARY SENSES
• VISION• HEARING• TASTE• TOUCH • SMELL
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SIGHT
• Uses visible radiant energy from 380 nm to 750 nm.
• Separate senses for color and brightness
• Connect to the pineal gland for melatonin and circadian rhythm
• 90% of our environmental observations
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HEARING
• Senses loudness and pitch, and rhythm
• Mechanical in nature• Infrasound vs ultrasound
= 20 vps to 20,000 vps
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TOUCH
• Pressure
• Shape
• Temperature
• Dryness vs wetness
• Movement
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TASTE• Dryness• Metallicness• Temperature• Sweet• Salty• Sour• Bitter• Umami (savory)• Fatty acids? Calcium?
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SMELL
• Hundreds of different receptors in the nasal cavity of which the sense of taste is dependent.
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KINESTHETIC GEOTROPICKINESTHETIC GEOTROPIC (Equilibrioception or
proprioception)• The 6th sense in
science is actually thought to be the sense of balance (not extrasensory).
• Angular momentum• Linear acceleration• Relative position
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NOCICEPTION or PAIN SENSATION
Pain receptors in skin, joints, bones, and internal organs.
Nociceptors are silent receptors and do not sense normal stimuli.
Merkel’s receptors.
• Uses separate sense receptors from touch.
• Chemo pain slow vs thermal or mechanical events are faster.
• Sometime hard to determine location i.e. heart attack, sciatica pain
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REPETITIOUS MOVEMENTREPETITIOUS MOVEMENT
• Vestibular or repetitous movement are learned motor of a pattern nature are stored in the premotor cortex – a memory bank for skilled motor
activities.
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TEMPERATURE or THERMOCEPTION
• Molecular motion – the greater the heat energy, the higher the temperature.
• Skin and hypothalamus (regulated internal body temperature)
• Heat = above body temperature and cold below body temperature
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EIDETIC IMAGERYEIDETIC IMAGERY
• Neuroelectrical image retention or photographic memory.
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MAGNETIC OR MAGNETIC OR MAGNETOCEPTIONMAGNETOCEPTION
• Ferromagnetic orientation gives someone a good sense of direction.
• Birds, bees, and turtles with humans vary in magnetite deposits in brain
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INFRAREDINFRARED
• Long electromagnetic waves or heat waves which are limited in human.
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SHORT ELECTORMAGNETIC SHORT ELECTORMAGNETIC WAVESWAVES
• Ultraviolet waves involved in such things as suntan, or sunburns.
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IONIC IONIC
• Airborne ionic charges which can affect attitude and accuracy.
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VOMERONASAL
• Pheromonic sensing or the influence of phermones.
• Phermones are chemical that triggers a natural behavioral response in another member of the same species. Pheromonic sensing
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PROXIMALPROXIMAL
• Physical closeness or your personal space.
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ELECTRICALELECTRICAL
• Surface charge such as static electricity.
• Cell phones, microwaves ovens, and nearby high voltage power lines.
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BAROMETRIC PRESSUREBAROMETRIC PRESSURE
• Atmospheric pressure and the influence on behavior and pain on joints.
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GEOGRAVIMETRICGEOGRAVIMETRIC
• Sensing mass differences or estimating size.
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TIMETIME
• Circadian rhythms or a sense of time.
• Jet lag• Medication can
interfere with a sense of time
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