Presented to

Mr. Rashid MinhasProject Marketing

University of Central Punjab Lahore

Presented ByMuzammal Hussain

Roll no. 0028

Road MapBeverages

Demography

Geography

Culture

Life Style

What is Demography?

Demography is the study of human populations (their

size, composition and distribution across place, and the

process through which populations change.

Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big three’ of

demography, jointly producing population stability or

change

Demographic Dimensions•Important operational dimensions for understanding market segments and developing marketing mixes

– Much good data is available

•Important for determining size of consumer target markets

– Is the market substantial?

•Seeing demographic trends helps identify opportunities

– Shifts in age distribution– Geographic growth/decline

Demography Of Pakistan

NationalityPakistaniEthnic groupsPunjabi 44.68%, Pashtu (Pathan) 15.42%, Sindhi 14.1%, Sariaki 8.38%, Muhajirs 7.57%, Balochi 3.57%, other 6.28%ReligionsMuslim 95% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other (includes Christian and Hindu) 5%

Population on Mar 18, 2012 179019103 Age structure0-14 years: 35.4% (male 34,093,853/female 32,278,462) 15-64 years: 60.4% (male 58,401,016/female 54,671,873) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 3,739,647/female 4,157,870)Median agetotal: 21.6 years male: 21.5 years female: 21.6 years

Population growth rate1.573% Birth rate24.81 births/1,000 population Death rate6.92 deaths/1,000 population Net migration rateNet mi-2.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population

Demography Of Pakistan

LanguagesPunjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%, Saraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%, Pashtu 8%, Urdu (official) 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%, English (official; lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8%

Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 49.9% male: 63% female: 36% (2005 est.) Education expenditures2.7% of GDP (2009)Health expenditures2.6% of GDP (2009)

Urbanizationurban population: 36% of total population(2010) . rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)Gender ratioat birth: 1.05 male/female under 15 years: 1.06 male/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male/female 65 years and over: 0.92 male/female total population: 1.07 male/female (2011 est.

Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 65.99 years male: 64.18 years female: 67.9 years (2011 est.)HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate0.1% (2009 est.)People living with HIV/AIDS 98,000 (2009 est.)

Demography Of Pakistan

Geography in PakistanPepsi Cola Factory, Sindh located in Pakistan, more detail is as below

Place•Name : Pepsi Cola Factory•ASCII Name : Pepsi Cola Factory•Alternate Names : Pepsi Cola Factory•Feature Class : P (City, Village, ...)•Feature Code : PPLX (section of populated place)•Country Code : PK•Country Code 3 : PAK•Country/Region : Pakistan•Admin 1 Code : 05 (Sindh)

Other Information•Population : 0•Digital Elevation Model : 22•Timezone : Asia/Karachi (+5.00)•Modification Date : 2012-01-21•Geoname ID : 7923015•Latitude : 25.38•Longitude : 68.39

PepsiCo, Inc.Consumer products giant focusing on convenient snacks, foods & beveragesFortune 100 company Over 143,000 employees worldwideFounded in 1965 via merger of Pepsi-Cola and Frito-LayTropicana acquired in 1998Merged with Quaker in 2001 2002 Net Sales of $25 Billion

2002 Operating profits of $5.3 Billion2002 EPS growth of +26%+13% earnings growth or better for the past 15 quarters15 brands that each generate over $1 billion in sales annually

New YorkFloridaChicago Shelf Stable

PepsiCo Beverages & Foods-Pakistan Pakistan Foods: Quaker oatmeal, ready-to-eat cereals, rice and pasta side dishes, pancake mixes and syrupSports/Fitness Beverages: Gatorade and PropelConvenience Foods: Quaker granola bars, Crispums, cereal barsShelf Stable Beverages: Tropicana Twister, Tropicana Juice Blends

Our employees value the freedom to act - that is a core part of our informal work environment. The absence of hierarchy means that the ability to create effective relationships is a key to success at PepsiCo.

Culture of Shared Principles

LifestyleFun, high energy cultureTalented, diverse workforce Company-subsidized fitness centerHeadquarters located in downtown pakistan

Quality People We have world-class people at every level, in

every division, in every country contributing to our success every day.

Accounting and/or Finance majors (cumulative GPA > 3.0/4.0)

Finance majors must complete a minimum of 12-15 hours of accounting courses, including intermediate accounting

Solid financial and technical skills Good interpersonal skills

Differences in CultureSocieties’ differ along cultural dimensionsWhat is culture?How/why do social structure, religion, language influence cultural differences?What are differences between culture and values in the workplace (corporate culture)?Culture changes over time. What are some reasons behind this?Implications for business managers

Cultural Appreciation

Symbols

Customs

Values

Language

Aspects ofculture

What is Culture?Culture: a society’s (group’s) system of shared, learned values and norms; these are the society’s (group’s) design for living

Values: abstract ideas about the good, the right, the desirable Norms: social rules and guidelines; guide appropriate behavior for specific situations

Folkways: norms of little moral significance

dress code; table manners; timeliness

Mores: norms central to functioning of social life

bring serious retribution: thievery, adultery, alcohol

National Culture“Nation” is a useful:

Definition of societysimilarity among people a cause -- and effect -- of national boundaries

Way to bound and measure culture for conduct of business

culture is a key characteristic of societcan differ significantly across national borders

also within national borderslaws are established along national lines

Culture is both a cause and an effect of economic and political factors that vary across national borders

Religion: system of shared beliefs about the sacredEthical systems: moral principles or values that shape and guide behavior; often products of religionMajor religious groups and some economic implications

Christianity protestant work ethicIslam Islamic economic principlesHinduism anti-materialistic, socially stratifiedBuddhism anti-materialistic, social equalityConfucianism hierarchy, loyalty, honesty

Religion, Ethics and Culture

Language: Culture BoundLanguage, spoken

“private” does not exist as a word in many languages

Eskimos: 24 words for snowWords which describe moral concepts can be

unique to countries or areasSpoken language precision important in low-

context culturesLanguage, unspoken

Context... more important than spoken word in high context cultures

Education and CultureEducation

Medium through which people are acculturatedLanguage, “myths,” values, norms taughtTeaches personal achievement and competitionCritical to national competitive advantage

Education system may be a cultural outcome

Culture and the workplace Finds national culture dimensions meaningful to businessBasis:

Work related values not universalNational values may persist over MNC efforts to create

corporate cultureHome country values often used to determine HQ policiesMNC may create morale problems with uniform moral norms

Purpose: understanding of business situations across-culturesMUST understand own culture AND other culture(s)

Geert Hofstede – sampled 100,000 IBM employees 1963-1973

Compared employee attitudes and values across 40 countries

Isolated 4 dimensions summarizing culture:1. Power distance2. Individualism vs. collectivism3. Uncertainty avoidance4. Masculinity vs. feminity

Cultural Change Over TimeChange is slow and often painfulShifts away from “traditional values” towards “secular values”Changes with shift from “survival values” to “self-expression values”

Geographic and cultural (or pshychic) distance among countries may not be the sameKey concept which can affect IB strategy and conduct

Cultural Distance

Any Question ?Any Question ?Any Question ?

Think DifferentStay Hungry, Stay Foolish.