April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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GOL

GOL

GOL

GOL

Beulah Presbyterian

Kirking May-2018

All Photos by William Poole

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Board of Directors 2

Message from the President Wilson Secretary’s Report Linda Wilson

3

COVID-19 How are we Doing? 4

Celtic Connections -- Janie Blome Red Telephone Boxes For Sale

6

Virtual Meeting with Mel Hankla Scottish Genealogy—NRS Announces over One Million Online Records Now Available

7

Programs & Education Report Robbin Goodin Scottish Words

8

Tartan Day at the Frazier—2019 9

2021 Program Schedule The April Meeting Starts Early 6:00 pm

10

2021 Program Schedule The April Meeting Starts Early 6:00 pm

11

Membership Update—Marla Jo Cameron Follow on FaceBook—Pat Schweitzer

12

Greenville, SC Scottish Games –Canceled Annual Covenanter Games Announced Voting Results—John Dickson

13

2021 Events Calendar Tartan Day

14

April Calendar 15

May Calendar 16

IUSE International Fest—2018 & 2019 17

FL: Recognizing Inaccurate Records 18

FL: Differentiating Common or Similar Names

19

Help SSL Stay Financially Sound Louisville Pipe Band

20

Membership Information 21

Advertisements 22

Celtic & Scottish Links 23

Inside this issue

Established in 1993 as a nonprofit organization to enrich the cultural lives of members in the Kentuckiana area.

The Society offers exposure to Scottish heritage and preserves, enhances and fosters pride in our Scottish Ancestry.

The Society sponsors local and regional activities and is a nonsectarian organization with no religious or political affiliation.

Officers

President Bruce Wilson

V. President Jim Hughes

Secretary Linda Wilson

Treasurer Cheri Eskridge

Members At Large

At Large Dianne Holland

At Large Pat Schweitzer

Commissioners

Past President Jeff Forbes

Programs & Education Robbin Goodin

Regional Celtic Janie Blome

Electronic Services Damien Burns

Hospitality Anne Lewis

Membership Marla Jo Cameron

Communication John Moffett

Front Page

Various photos from Beulah Presbyterian Kirking May-2018.

All photos were taken by William Poole (a member of the Beulah Presbyterian Church).

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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From The President Bruce Wilson

Ahh, Spring is upon us with its pretty colors and mild temperatures. Hopefully this year we will be going to a few SAFE events. I, for one, am just sick about not being able to gather face to face. But until we are all vaccinated, we must still wear masks and stay apart to stay safe. Congratulations to the newly elected officers and Heritage Fund committee members. We were elected by acclamation to our offices; this is what happens when only one person for each position comes forward. I want to thank all those who agreed to continue as officers and Dianne Holland for stepping up to fill the Vice President’s job. Thank you to James Hughes for all the years he has put into various positions on the Board, most recently as Vice President. Jim has done a magnificent job in every position he has held. A simple “thank you” does not seem to be enough, but it is what I can do in these remarks. Thank you, Jim.

Bruce Wilson, President

our speaker, Mel Hankla, whose program covered some of the contributions made by Scottish immigrants in the early years of our country. Mel apologized for not being able to present at the February meeting due to his loss of power and internet connection in the ice storm. Mel began his presentation, “Shreds of History Hung on a Powder Horn” by explaining what powder horns were and what they were made from. Early firearms were muzzleloaders, and each component of the ammunition was loaded separately; powder, patch, ball. A supply of gunpowder was carried in a powder horn made from the horns of cows, oxen, or bison. Mel used illustrations from his book “Into the Bluegrass, Art and Artistry of Kentucky’s Historic Icons”. Powder horns for the Kentucky longrifle were instrumental in settling the frontier and much of the U.S. Many of the horns in the book date back to the early 1800s. Gunpowder was made from ground charcoal, bat guano, and sulfur. Gunpowder mills were very common, and often at the same sites where flour and cornmeal were ground. The horns are made of a core covered with hard cells like fingernails. The horn was boiled, which loosened the core from the rest of the horn, making it easy to separate the horn. Many things were made from horns; combs, drinking vessels, spoons, and many other small items. Lantern panes were made from horn, as the horn could be flattened after being soaked in hot water and would allow light to pass through. These panes were much sturdier than glass. Powder horns often bore the name of the owner, to keep them from being lost. The Tansel family from Hazard, Kentucky made very distinctive powder horns, with eagles engraved on them. The three brothers in the family each had a particular eagle engraving, to distinguish which had made each horn. Mel showed several illustrations of different horns made by or for people into the 1800’s. Many have survived to this day in a museum or private collections, or kept by family members. Tim Tansel made the “Jesus” horn, a very ornate horn with an engraving of Jesus on the side. This horn was never used. The Tansels also made many very ornate drinking cups from horns. Carving on horns started in Scotland and came here with the early Scottish immigrants. However, as cartridge ammunition became widely used, powder horns were no longer needed. By the later 1800s, most of the older engravers died, and the fad for ornately engraved

(Continued on page 4)

Recording Secretary

Linda Wilson

SSL Virtual Membership Meeting Minutes March 23, 2021 While we waited for members to join us, John Dickson said that NRS records are now available online for viewing and downloading from as early as 1559. The meeting was called to order at 7:10 pm. Education and Program Commissioner Robbin Goodin introduced

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acclamation, as only one member was running for each elected position. This passed by a vote of the members present. Officers will be installed at the April meeting. These include Bruce Wilson, President; Dianne Holland, Vice President; Cheri Eskridge, Treasurer; and Linda Wilson, Secretary. The members of the Heritage Fund are Archie Cunningham, Laura Doll, and Jane Seelig. Mr. Wilson reminded us that the Board will appoint a member to fill Dianne Holland’s Member At Large position at their next meeting. Vice-President Jim Hughes gave a Heritage Committee update. Jim said there was a request for $200 for lessons. The committee is still encouraging people to apply for funds until March 31st. Treasurer Cheri Eskridge gave her report on funds in both the General Fund and the Heritage Fund. Secretary Linda Wilson could not count members due to not having any video, but Jim Hughes kept track of members in attendance for her and is happy to say that we had 22 members participating in our virtual meeting. Linda read the April birthdays as our Hospitality Commissioner Anne Lewis was unable to attend. Chris Rivers, 3rd; Reina Hamilton, 4th; Sanford Berenberg, 5th; Jim Pope, 5th; Peggy French, 8th; Karen Berenberg, 12th; Robert Glass, 13th; Ruth Ann Moffett, 13th; Dorothy “Dot” Scott, 19th; Archie Cunningham, 21st; Scott Blome, 24th; Damien Burns, 25th; Patty Smith, 25th; Kathleen Anderson, 26th; Mark Johnson, 27th; Mary Dillon Mathews, 27th; and Janie Blome, 28th. Happy Birthday to all! If your birthday was not included, please contact Marla Jo Cameron at 502-468-9390 or her email, scottiegirl74@yahoo.com. Membership Commissioner Marla Jo Cameron was unable to attend, but Marla Jo sent out an email and said that membership had not changed since last month. There are currently 38 individual members, 72 family members, 32 life members, and 5 honorary members, totaling 147 members. Robbin Goodin gave the Program Report. Our April program will be a presentation on the castles of Scotland by Stephen Hay. Since Stephen lives in Edinburgh, this meeting will begin at 6:00 pm. He has written a book about Scottish castles, over 1000. He is a castle guide for visitors and was Robbin and Steve’s guide when they visited Scotland. She recommended

(Continued on page 5)

powder horns died out as well. The Kentucky longrifle was in common use by immigrants who had never been able to have weapons like this. Commoners were not allowed to own or use weapons in England, other than relatively short knives as tools. But in America, they needed these weapons for defense and to feed their families. Mel went on to speak about handmade furniture, weapons, and other items of everyday life. In the question and answer session that followed, he explained how drinking cups were made by cutting a groove inside the bottom of the cup, soaking it in hot water, and inserting a piece of wood while the horn was still wet. The cup was waterproof when the horn dried around the wood. In response to a question, Mel told us his book can be ordered online; he will send a link and information to John Moffett, who will put it in the newsletter. Mel told us that powder horns in the 1700 and 1800s were worth from $8 to 15 dollars, which was a good sum at that time. People stopped using them around 1850 when more sophisticated weapons became common. When asked about the use of eagles on horns and flags, Mel said he was not sure when this began, but felt that the 1790s was likely, as they were in common use during the War of 1812. They were used by the “Cornstalk Militia” in the late 1700s. He explained they got the name from using dead cornstalks to practice rifle drills when there were not enough rifles to go around. Robbin thanked Mel for his program, as well as several other members. Mel is an enjoyable speaker, and very knowledgeable about early American history. Mr. Wilson started the business meeting and thanked Mel again for his presentation. Mr. Wilson then called for a motion to approve the February minutes. Joan Hale made the motion to approve the minutes, and John Scott seconded. The minutes were approved by the members present. Mr. Wilson asked John Dickson, Chair of the Nominating Committee, to begin the election process. John suggested we accept all who were running by

(Continued from page 3)

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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him to anyone who is considering a trip to Scotland. She also mentioned an island off the coast of Scotland that is currently for sale, for the bargain price of only $115,000. Regional Celtic Commissioner Janie Blome was unable to attend, and Robbin gave an update on upcoming events. There will be a fundraiser the last Thursday in April, including takeout from a designated restaurant. She intends for us to meet outside, perhaps at a park. More details will be provided later. IUSE International Festival will be virtual this year, from April 5th – 8th. Electronic Commissioner Damien Burns is on vacation, camping with his family in Indiana. John Moffett said Damien had nothing new to report. Member At Large Pat Schweitzer reminded us to check

(Continued from page 4) out the SSL Facebook page, which she adds to daily. There are no new events for Clan McFritz. Newsletter Editor, John Moffett asked for members to please send him stories, articles, recipes or photos to be used in the newsletter. He asked that we please send him items that are not under Copyright, as most of the recipes he gets have come from cookbooks, and he cannot use them. Mr. Wilson thanked Jim for his many years of service on the SSL Board, and Dianne asked Jim if he would be available for advice, as she is sure she will need it. He told her he was always happy to help. We then had a few minutes of general friendly visiting, after which Mr. Wilson called for the meeting to be adjourned at 8:52 pm.

Respectfully Submitted Linda Wilson

Less than 1

1-10

11-25

25 or more

Date of Report 3/29/2021 (4:10 pm)

Overall Current Incidence Rate 11:08

County Rate Per 100,000

Jefferson 10.9

Shelby 5.8

Hardin 10.6

Spencer 4.4

Oldham 10.9

County Rate Per 100,000

Trimble 8.4

Henry 13.3

Franklin 6.4

Anderson 8.2

Mercer 15.6

COVID-19 HOW ARE WE DOING?

For Interactive map and daily postings.

Team Kentucky

then Click on Desktop Dashboard

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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By Janie Blome Regional Celtic Commissioner

I am excited to serve the Scottish Society of Louisville as the Regional Celtic Commissioner. I hope that we will soon be able to join events in person and to return to whatever the new definition of normal might be! Although our Glasgow Highland Games have been canceled for 2021, other events are beginning to open up and I think there will be opportunities in the summer and fall. We know that the Kentucky Celtic and Highland Festival will take place over the summer and the Scottish Festival in Columbus, IN is on track for a live event in September. Two virtual events are coming up in April. The IUSE International Festival will be held virtually April 5 – 8. More details will be shared as we receive them. The St. Louis Tionol (Celtic Music Festival) will take place April 23 – 25. This event will feature a free concert on Friday evening and Zoom workshops for different instruments on Saturday and Sunday. Single workshops are $35 each or $80 for all workshops. A special workshop on women in piping will be held on Saturday at noon (CDT). Cost is $35. More information can be found at www.tionol.org. At this point there is no information about the status of World Fest on the Belvedere. Please let me know if you have questions, comments or information about other events.

About 600 of the Red Telephone Boxes are up for

sale for £1 each in Scotland. Cities and

communities can adopt the boxes. Because of

the significant increase in mobile phone usage

and as mobile reliability improves the need for

the pay phones is diminishing rapidly. On our

trip to London and then on to Edinburgh and

finally Moffat in 2010 Grandpa had to show the

grand kids what it was like. This photo was

taken by my son-in-law, Steve Cobb in London on

a bridge near the Eye.

Photo by Steve Cobb 2010

London, Great Britain

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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The above is a screen shot of attendees at our Virtual General Meeting held on March 23, 2021. Mel Hankla was our guest speaker and he talked about powder horns and the artistry engraved on the horns.

To our surprise most of them featured an eagle a symbol of our newly founded country.

Also, Mel introduced his book titled, “Into the Bluegrass—Art and Artistry of Kentucky’s Historic Icons”.

National Records of Scotland (NRS) are now available online

for the first time. We are delighted to announce that thousands of volumes of historical records from the collections of National Records of Scotland (NRS) are now available online for the first time. Images of more than a million pages from the kirk session and other court records of the Church of Scotland can now be viewed and downloaded

on ScotlandsPeople. These records contain details of key events in communities across the country between 1559 and 1900 and are one of the most important sources for Scottish historical research. Read more about this new records release in our news article. You are able to browse through the kirk session records for free, only using credits when you would like to save an image, as these records are made available without intensive indexing of their contents by

personal name, place or other subjects. We have also produced a series of guides to help you understand how to use the records and how to navigate the virtual volumes system. Please see below for more information

Follow link to article.

Article

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Spring greetings! What lovely weather we have been having. Flowers, trees, gardens and so much more beauty all around.

We were blessed with a wonderful presentation by Mel Hankla in March.

He spoke about the art and artistry of the powder horns and one family that made them famous here in the states. The family hailed from Scotland and the powder horns were initially made from the horn of the Scottish cow. It was a wonderful presentation. Thank you Bruce for suggesting Mel. Several people after the presentation expressed interest in starting the member’s night out again. We will look at that and see what is possible. Janie Blome, our new Regional Celtic Commissioner will have some good ideas, I am sure. I will end by reminding you to check the calendar in this wonderful newsletter that John Moffett so willingly puts together for us each month. Our presenter for our April general meeting is Stephen Hay. He lives in Scotland. He is an author and tour guide extraordinaire. Be sure to contact him if you need or want a wonderful guided experience on your next trip to Scotland. He will be enlightening us on the Castles of Scotland as he shares stories from his latest book. Not to be missed. Happy April everyone! I hope you have fun celebrating Earth Day, all the Derby Festivities and whatever else you celebrate!

Peace, Robbin Goodin

Scottish Words

High heid yin – head honcho, CEO, owner Jamie Fraser, the high heid yin needs you in his office.

Jaggy – something pointy or prickly, a stinging nettle She’s really a good lass, but she has a jaggy manner

about her.

Bio of Dr. Mel Stewart Hankla Mel grew up in Jamestown, Kentucky on the banks of Lake Cumberland. He attended Western Kentucky University earning a Bachelor of Science Degrees in Agriculture, and Wildlife Management and Ecology, and a Master of Science Degree in Administration. In 2010 he completed an Educational Doctorate (Ed.D.) in Education Administration. A historical actor/educator, he worked 20 years with the Kentucky Humanities Council presenting Chautauqua characters of frontiersman Simon Kenton and General George Rogers Clark. In 2012 he was cast for the leading role, in the PBS documentary, An Audacious American, the story of Kentucky abolitionist Cassius Marcellus Clay. Hankla has served on the Museum Board of the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution (NSSAR) and is active on the Advisory Board of the Museum of Early Southern Decorative Arts (MESDA.) He is a member of the Kentucky Material Culture Collectors and the prestigious American Society of Arms Collectors. Today, Hankla lives on Heavenly Hill Farm in Carter County, Kentucky with his wife Angela. Mel’s book is titled, “Into the Bluegrass—Art and Artistry of Kentucky’s Historic Icons”. You can order the book direct from Mel by sending a check for $88.50. (Book - $79.95, Shipping - $8.55)

Mel Hankla

American Historic Services PO BOX 167

Hitchings, KY 41146 Or: www.intothebluegrass.net Either way, he’ll be glad to sign and inscribe.

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TARTAN DAY AT THE

FRAZIER 2019

Photos by Robbin Goodin

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April 27, 2021 Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Speaker: Stephen Hay (Scotland), Castles of Scotland

WebEx Online video

May 25, 2021 Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Speaker: Pam Rotheroe-Hay (Scotland) Scottish Dress

WebEx Online video

June 22, 2021 7:00 PM Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Speakers: Jim Hughes & Arch Cunningham (SSL) Scottish Trivia

WebEx Online video

July 27, 2021 Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Speaker: Alan Hay (Scotland) Farming Communities of NE Scotland

WebEx Online video

August 24, 2021 7:00 PM Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Speaker: Pat Schweitzer Kentucky Tartan

WebEx Online video

September 28, 2021

7:00 PM Tuesday SSL General Meeting

Tom Hay Bauer (USA) House of Scotland Beret Dernbach (USA) Highland Dancing

WebEx Online video

October 26, 2021 7:00 PM Tuesday

SSL General Meeting

Speaker: Megan Burnett (USA) Scottish Ghost Stories

WebEx Online video

November 23, 2021

7:00 PM Tuesday Heritage Dinner & Auction TBA TBA

December No Meeting

Merry Christmas

Regular Board Meetings on the 2nd

Tuesday every Month at 7:00 pm. Regular Membership Meetings the 4th Tuesday every month Time as Listed. Until further notice the Meetings are via Webex or ZOOM Video Conferences.

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Membership Update

Dues renewal notices will be going out VIA EMAIL. People can print off the form, fill them out & send with payment to:

The Scottish Society of Louisville P. O. Box 32248,

Louisville, KY 40232-2248

Renewal By April 1, 2021 (1)

Individual - $24, Family - $36 Life - Individual - $240, Family -$360

Marla Jo Cameron Membership Commissioner

Save the price of a stamp and the trouble of

USPS as you can renew your membership

and pay your dues Online by clicking the

Link Below

Pay Dues Online

If you need an application for a new

member please download the membership

brochure which has the information to join

The Scottish Society of Louisville.

Click here for the Brochure

Members as of March 23, 2021

Membership

5 Honorary

32 Lifetime Memberships

38 Individual Memberships

72 Family Memberships

147 Members Paid

Follow The Scottish Society of Louisville on Facebook

Pat Schweitzer is updating the SSL page daily.

Remember when searching type

“The Scottish Society of Louisville”

Enjoy and stay current with our Scottish Community Between Meetings.

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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2021 Voting Results

President Bruce Wilson Elected by Acclamation

Vice President Dianne Holland Elected by Acclamation

Treasurer Cheri Eskridge Elected by Acclamation

Secretary Linda Wilson Elected by Acclamation

Heritage Committee

Archie Cunningham Elected by Acclamation

Laura Doll Elected by Acclamation

Jane Seelig Elected by Acclamation

All candidates were running unopposed, so they were elected by acclamation. John Dickson

After consulting with community leaders and stakeholders, it is with a great deal of introspection and regret that we announce the cancelation of the 2021 Greenville Scottish Games on Saturday, May 29 at Furman University. We will march forward into the planning for the 2022 Greenville Scottish Games and hope that our efforts will usher in a new era of friendship and fun for years to come. The Board of Directors looks forward to 2022 Games on Saturday, May 28, 2022 held at Furman University.

8th Annual Covenanter Scottish Festival & Highland Games

Invites you Saturday, September 11, 2021 at 9 AM, Middle Octorara

Presbyterian Church. The festival offers Scottish entertainment, heritage events, including sheep herding, Scottish Food, Scottish Clans and much more. The games will take place in beautiful Lancaster County , PA. For more information please use this URL or click on the link. www.covenanterscottishfesstival.com.

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April 29, 2021 TBA Thursday SSL Fund Raiser Restaurant: TBA

[Details to follow—check our webpage for more information]

By proclamation, Congress has declared April 6th now and forever after as Tartan Day. This date marks the anniversary of the declaration of Scottish independence in 1320 at Arbroath Abbey on the east coast of Scotland. The document included the following lines.

“For we fight not for glory, nor riches, nor honours, but for freedom alone, which no good man gives up except with his life.”

The observance of Tartan Day commemorates all that is best in Scottish history and culture, as well as the great contributions that Scots and Scots-Americans have made to the history and development of the United States. The Commonwealth of Kentucky is privileged to have its own tartan (displayed above) and this is due in no small measure to the untiring efforts of our own Pat Schweitzer (Murray) currently the Society’s archivist and a former president. She was a prominent and

influential member of the committee which planned the project from the start to finish. The process lasted some seven h years, culminating in its unveiling in 2000. The blue represents the water of the rivers and the lakes and the blue and gray represent the brave soldier who fought during the Civil War. The green and blue represent Kentucky’s Bluegrass where magnificent thoroughbreds graze and frolic, some in preparation for the world-renowned Kentucky Derby. The white represents the purity, goodness, and valor of the brave and courageous Kentuckian soldiers who fought valiantly for religious freedom and independence. The red is the color of the Commonwealth’s bird, the Cardinal, and the black with its “windowpane check” represents the coal and oil resources. Join with hundreds of thousands of individuals who care about their Scottish background and heritage by wearing the colors in April.

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Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

1 2 Chad Bruce

3 Chip Eskridge

4 5 Sanford

Berenberg 6 Reina

Hamilton National

Tartan Day

7 Connie Fry

8 Peggy French

9 10 Peach Britain

11 12 Karen

Berenberg 13 Ruth Ann

Moffett 7:00 PM

WebEx Board Meeting

14 15 Pay Taxes

16 17 Janet Davis

18 19 Dorothy Scott

20 21 Archie

Cunningham 22 23

24 Scott Blome

25 Demien Burns Bill Leroy Patty Smith

26 Kathleen

Anderson

276:00 PM

WebEx General Mtg “Castles of

Scotland ”, Speaker: Stephen

Hay Scotland

28 Janie Blome

29 SSL Fund

Raiser —TBA

30 Marye Dillon-Matthews Mark Johnson ON THE 27th

April Birthdays

02-Chad Bruce 10-Peach Britain 24-Scott Blome 27-Mark Johnson

03-Chip Eskridge 12-Karen Berenberg 25-Demien Burns 28-Janie Blome

05-Sanford Berenberg 13-Ruth Ann Moffett 25-Bill Leroy

06-Reina Hamilton 17-Janet Davis 25-Patty Smith

07-Connie Fry 19-Dorothy Scott 26-Kathleen Anderson

08-Peggy French 21-Archie Cunningham 27-Marye Dillon-Matthews

Is your name missing from our birthday list? Contact Marla Jo Cameron at membership@scotsoflou.com to have your date and name added.

Full Moon

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

1

2 Ronald

Kemper 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 7:00 PM

WebEx Board Meeting

12 Dr. Mark Robinson

13 14 Christian Kreipke

15

16 Kathryn

Kessinger 17 18 19 20 21

Annie Rivers 22 Doris Wyzard

23

Carrie Rankin 24 25 6:00 PM

WebEx General Mtg “Scotland”,

Speaker: Pam Rotheroe-Hay

Scotland

26 27 28 29

30 31

May Birthdays

2-Ronald Kemper 16-Kathryn Kessinger 23-Carrie Rankin

12-Dr. Mark Robinson 21-Annie Rivers

14-Christian Kreipke 22-Doris Wyzard

Is your name missing from our birthday list? Contact Marla Jo Cameron at membership@scotsoflou.com to have your date and name added.

147th 147

Full Moon

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Indiana University South East International Fest

What a Difference a Year Makes!

2018

2019

Photo by Jane Seelig Photo by Judy Stubbs

Photo by Robbin Goodin Photo by Robbin Goodin

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Bryan Mulcahy, M.L.S. Reference Librarian

Ft. Myers Regional Library 2450 First Street

Ft. Myers, FL 33901 bmulcahy@leegov.com

Family Links

Kentucky Tartan

Photo Public Domain

Recognizing Inaccurate and Misleading Genealogical Records, Citations, and Sources

False and error-filled information can be found in all genealogy sources, including many of the highest-rated quality sources. The Internet has proliferated this tendency. In the name of convenience and time, genealogists are increasingly failing to compare original records with the information gleaned from print and online resources. Taking this information at face value leads to mistakes spreading throughout sources. Errors are errors whether accidental or intentional. Facts without proper documentation cannot be trusted. No source should be considered unquestionable or deserving of absolute trust. Similarly, the perception that any potential source should be ignored is just as false, even if you feel the source or informant is questionable. Trusting one source or cherry-picking items that “seem” to fit is an open invitation to errors and misinterpretation. There are numerous potential scenarios and variations involving errors but here are the most common:

1. Accidental: Errors were caused by speaking, hearing, reading, writing, or memory lapses. 2. Intentional: The informant deliberately provided false information and/or omitted important details. Some of the most common examples include: a. Intent was to hide information that was perceived to be offensive and/or the desire to paint a negative portrait of the person or family. This tends to be the #1 scenario. b. The possibility of personal, financial, or social

gain or advancement influences the informant to provide false or distorted versions of an event or situation. c. Informant deliberately exaggerates or embellishes the story or accounts to make themselves look better, impress a listener or reader. d. Rather than admit ignorance of people or events, informants and/or family members will invent or distort information about people/events. 3. Researchers create errors by misreading or misinterpreting accurate sources or applying them to the wrong people. Using the Internet versus taking the time to compare the information with other primary or secondary sources fosters this spreading of errors and misinformation.

Errors and misinformation can lead to some significant research challenges. Some of the most common discrepancies patrons run into include the following:

1. Baptismal/christening/presentations containing the wrong birthdates, names, and sex 2. Birth records with incorrect proper and surnames 3. Death records with incorrect names for the decedent, parents, and places of residence 4. Family Bibles entries with fabricated information. 5. Marriage license applications with incorrect names of bride or groom’s father 6. Tax rolls listing a dead man as a living taxpayer 7. Military records omitting a soldier 8. Wills omitting the names of children and falsely identifying bogus heirs 9. Deeds containing incomplete or bogus land descriptions, and incorrect names of the owner

Taking the time to analyze the accuracy of information is not a guarantee of being able to detect errors but it forces researchers to focus on the situation and historical context. The most important question in evidence analysis is “Do the Facts Fit the Circumstances”. While there are exceptions to every situation, information gleaned from eyewitnesses taken at the time of the incident or event is more likely to be correct. Information compiled or recorded at the time of the incident or event (source document or record) is

(Continued on page 19)

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more likely to be correct than information obtained via abstracting, hand-copied, translated, or transcribed from a prior record or incorporated into a published work. Information obtained after the fact or based on hearsay, speculation, opinions, or sources that are unidentified or questionable, must be taken with a grain of salt. Most genealogical errors are uncovered by taking the time to compare and contrast independent sources that provide evidence answering the same research questions. The following steps are considered critical in the evidence analysis process:

1. View any uncorroborated records or testimony with skepticism. 2. Search broadly for independent sources that might provide corroboration. 3. Verify independence of corroboration sources, accounts, and testimonies. 4. Reject information that cannot be corroborated. 5. Thoroughly examine research subject’s records from birth to death, looking for repetition, patterns, and sequences. 6. Use a variety of formats to compare and contrast seemingly relevant information. The most popular used by experts include a. Language and writing used by the subject in daily activities b. Timelines of events relevant to the event or subject c. Maps and plats d. Tables and spreadsheets

I have several additional guides on evidence analysis that go into greater detail on this topic. All are available free electronically upon request. Feel free to contact me with any additional questions.

Intermediate and Advanced Article Differentiating Between Ancestors with Common or Similar Names When searching for ancestors, whether in print or online sources, discovering people with the same or very similar names living in the same localities and states is common. Your ancestor’s unique identity goes far beyond knowing their names and birth dates. The process should include learning about their lives, as in their level of education, occupations, places of residence, land or property ownership, and related life

(Continued from page 18) experiences. It is also helpful if you know the names of any close friends and neighbors. In many cases, sons and daughters dated and eventually married. Sometimes these people kept diaries or correspondence that had information about both families. Here are some options with a proven track record for success to assist in the process: 1. Dates of Birth or Age: Historically, exact dates of birth are rare and of questionable accuracy. Ages are frequently off by anywhere from one to five years but if other factors fit your profile minus the age; it may merit a closer look later on. 2. Family Members: Locating family members in censuses and other records improves your chances of locating and recognizing your ancestor. Ages and birthplaces of their children may provide hints of marriage dates and places when families moved, and the states they migrated to. 3. Friends and Neighbors: These people may have been in-laws or relatives. Marriages between sons and daughters living nearby were common. Neighboring families often migrated together. 4. Land and Property Ownership: Trace every piece of land owned by the ancestor. Land records identify the buyers and sellers and sometimes where they came from previously and later destinations. The names of neighbors, associates, and witnesses may be present. 5. Military Service: Wars and various conflicts were prominent in early American history. If your ancestor was between the ages of 16 and 45, there may be a pension record, compiled service packet, bounty land grant, or records showing membership in a veteran’s organization available for research 6. Names: Ancestors may have been known by their first, middle, or nickname at various times of their lives. Many changed their names upon reaching the age of adulthood. Surnames will frequently vary for a variety of reasons. Recordkeepers were often spelled by sound since most people were illiterate. Problems with translations, handwriting, and indexing are other contributors. 7. Occupations: Most farmers owned land and property. If circumstances led to the soil failing due to natural disasters or failure to rotate crops, they would move to where fresh land was available. Merchants tended to be wealthy businesspersons and often owned land, property, and business investments. Sons of farmers tended to be farmers. Sons of merchants tended to be merchants.

(Continued on page 20)

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Discover more at www.louisvillepipeband.org

Contact us at info@louisvillepipeband.org

8. Places of Birth, Marriage, Death, or Residence: Specific places such as towns and countries identify your ancestor better than just states and countries. Records were usually created in each place of residence. The place of death may have published death announcements or obituaries in the local newspaper, death, probate, or other related records. 9. Religion: Historically, religion played a greater role in the lives of our ancestors. County histories and newspapers (especially the Sunday edition), are usually the best sources to identify the existing denominations in the place of residence. Churches usually maintained more detailed records on the common people than government entities until the mandate of civil vital

(Continued from page 19) records that began to appear in the mid-to-late 1800s. Tombstones contain religious symbols or references. More detailed study guides on this topic are available free upon request. Feel free to contact me with any questions.

Bryan Mulcahy, M.L.S. Reference Librarian | Ft. Myers Regional Library

2450 First Street Ft. Myers, FL 33901

bmulcahy@leegov.com Voice 239-533-4626 | Fax 239-485-1160

It is time for dues renewal. As you may know because of health concerns two fundraising events, the November Din-ner & Auction and Burns Night Gala January 2021 were canceled. The Dinner & Auction proceeds are used to support the Heritage Fund. The Burns Night Gala is used to support the general operating fund. The Heritage Fund paid out

$1,050 for virtual lessons. You are encouraged to pay your dues and if you can afford it, consider donating to the Heritage Fund or the General Fund.

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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Information For Our New Members

Welcome to our new members. Coming into a new group can be a little scary, but know that if you have any questions, just ask. The people in the SSL are some of the friendliest you would ever want to meet. Here is a little bit of information to get you started:

Read the newsletter and the website. All upcoming events will be listed both places. If you want more information, you can contact any of the board members. Their information is found on page 2 of this newsletter.

All meetings will have a business meeting, some time to socialize, and a program.

January/February brings our Burns Night Dinner. You won’t want to miss that. There will be food, drink, raffles, entertainment, and an all-around good time.

May starts our “Event” season. The Society sets up a booth at many local and state Scottish and Celtic events, and even a couple of out-of-state events. Don’t be afraid. Jump on in and help us in our booth. It’s not hard, and everyone will help. It is a great way to get to know some of the members and recruit new members.

November is a really fun meeting. We have a dinner and an auction. Members will be informed of what type of dish to bring according to last name. The auction is so much fun. Everyone is asked to bring at least one item, if they wish, to donate. Now, you will find that a lot of the items are things you would love to have, but some of them … well, you just have to be there to appreciate it. Proceeds benefit the Heritage Fund, which helps promote the Celtic-related “studies” by individuals.

In December, we do not have a meeting. We hope that you will attend as many meetings as possible (hopefully all of them). We are so happy to have you as a part of the group.

You can find us on the internet in a couple of places.

Webpage: http://scotsoflou.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/ScotsofLou Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Scottish-Society-of-Louisville/326984024109?ref=ts

On our Facebook page, you are welcome to add pictures from Society events, to post/share some Scottish history or information, or just say “hi.”

Our Society offers a Life Membership Program. You can attain this status by paying a one-time membership fee of 10 times the current dues rate. At this time, a life membership for a single person is $240. A family life membership is $360.

Please see the Commissioner of Member Services, Marla Jo Cameron, or for more details email her at membership@scotsoflou.com about our memberships. Remember, every new life member is acknowledged at the Burns Night Gala!

Heritage Fund The Heritage Fund Committee is accepting applications for the dispersal of scholarship funds. The Fund helps support the efforts of SSL members to pursue studies of the many different aspects of Celtic culture, which may include music (piping, drumming, fiddling, etc.), art (dancing, weaving, etc.), language (Gaelic, etc.) and athletics (Highland games). This Fund can also support a person’s interest in an educational program or project that furthers the understanding of Scottish culture and history.

Scottish Society members in good standing can apply for funds or can sponsor non-members for scholarships.

The application form and guidelines can be picked up on the evening of the Society’s monthly meeting from the Heritage Fund Committee Chairperson, James Hughes, or by e-mail at vicepresident@scotsoflou.com, or by using the online form here.

The deadlines for receipt of applications are March 31st and September 30th.

Life Membership Find us on the Internet

Jim Hughes Chairperson

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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www.scottishtradingcompany.com 1-877-224-8299

Note from the Editor: Publication deadlines: Please submit all information to me by the 28th of each month for the next monthly issue. If there are problems or questions contact me at 859-221-9037 or eMail at John Moffett

Place your ad here for $36 per year.

Call Cheri Eskridge at (502) 693-2235

or email her at

treasurer@scotsoflou.com

Bagpiping by Karen Offering private bagpipe lessons, as well as solo

bagpiping for special occasions.

Karen Elise Brumley

(502) 894-8856

bagpipingbykaren@hotmail.com https://www.facebook.com/search/top/?

q=karen%20brumley%20bagpipes

April 2021 The Scottish Society of Louisville Volume XXIV Issue 4

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The Louisville Pipe Band meets from 2 PM - 5 PM on Sundays at St. Andrew Episcopal Church, 2233 Woodbourne Ave, Louisville, KY 40205. Contact the band at info@louisvillepipeband.org or visit www. louisvillepipeband.org.

The Louisville Fire & Rescue Pipes & Drums meet from 6 - 8 p.m. on Tuesday evenings at the Frazier International History Museum, 829 West Main Street in Louisville. Contact Carolyn Cook at (502) 551-2732, or visit www.lfrbagpipes.org..

Ongoing Events

Contact our Cheer Person If you are aware of an illness, family death, or any other such situation a member is facing, please

contact our Cheer person, Jean Hughes, by calling her at (502) 438-9811

Change of Address, and other information

Help us keep our records updated! Changes to your address, telephone, et cetera, should be sent to the Scottish Society of Louisville, Commissioner of Member Services, P.O. Box 32248, Louisville, KY 40232, or

e-mail Marla Jo Cameron at membership@scotsoflou.com

Celtic Organizations in our Area

Ancient Order of Hibernians www.louisvilleirish.com/ The Caledonian Society of Cincinnati www.caledoniansociety.org Columbus Scottish Festival www.scottishfestival.org/ Central Kentucky Heritage Society pthdvg@email.uky.edu Evansville St. Andrew Society Rosemary and Deron Cowan English Speaking Union https://www.esuus.org/

Glasgow Highland Games www.glasgowhighlandgames.com Indy’s Irish Fest www.indyirishfest.com Irish Society of Kentuckiana www.irishkyana.org Kentucky Highland Renaissance Festival www.kyrenfaire.com Kentucky United Pipes and Drums (KUPD) www.kentuckyunited.org Louisville Fire and Rescue Pipe Band www.lfrbagpipes.org

Louisville Pipe Band www.louisvillepipeband.org McClanahan School of Irish Dance www.Mcclanahanirishdance.com Ohio Valley Celtic Society Steve Thomas 208 East Second St. Madison, IN 47250 www.thomasfamilywinery.us Scottish Society of Greater Bloomington www.bloomingtonscots.org/ Scottish Society of Indianapolis www.indyscot.org