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BETTER SPEAKING Lesson 1 Do I have to sound like a native speaker? Jinping: I have learned English for almost 15 years. I have no problem with reading and listening. But speaking has always been a problem for me because when I was at school, we always focused on grammar, vocabulary and exams. Now I really want to improve my spoken English to a new level, achieve that free speaking in the near future. Do you have any good suggestions on how to achieve this? Richard Hallows: Learners of English often worry about speaking like a native speaker. I think its important that they should realize this is not the way you need to speak. Most of the time our listeners are speaking to other non-native speakers of English, so they need to be intelligible to those people. Its not necessary to have a native accent. to sound - brzmie native speaker of English - osoba, ktrej jzykiem ojczystym jest

angielski reading - czytanie listening - suchanie speaking - mwienie to focus on sth - koncentrowa si na czym vocabulary - sownictwo exam - egzamin to improve - polepszy, poprawi, udoskonali spoken English - jzyk angielski mwiony, angielska mowa level - poziom to achieve - osign free - tu: swobodny suggestion - sugestia learner of English - osoba uczca si angielskiego to worry - martwi si way - tu: sposb non-native speaker of English - osoba, ktrej jzykiem ojczystym nie jest

angielski intelligible - zrozumiay uzupenij zdania:

1. I (learned, have learned, had learned) English for almost 15 years. 2. We used to focus (at, to, on) grammar and vocabulary too much. 3. Now I want to improve my (speaking, speak, spoken) English.

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odpowiedzi:

1. have learned 2. on 3. spoken

Lesson 2 What can I do to sound more natural? Goran Ivanisovich: This was my dream, all my life and er you know to serve for the match, suddenly I have a match point out of nowhere, you know I came here, nobody even talked about me and now Im holding this trophy and its its just.. this support today is like er I mean.. I was er three times in the final but this is, this is just unbelievable, this is too good. Thank you guys for everything Richard Hallows: When were speaking, sometimes maybe we need time to think about what were saying. Um rather than having a silence when youre speaking, um you might like to say, erm.um.. In fact, I do this quite a lot when Im speaking. And this helps you sound very natural and keeps the listener listening. to sound natural - brzmie naturalnie dream - tu: marzenie trophy - trofeum support - wsparcie, poparcie I mean - tu: konwersacyjny wtrt, zapchajdziura,

ktra nie jest nonikiem znaczenia unbelievable - niewiarygodny, nie do wiary guy - facet, czowiek to speak - mwi to need - potrzebowa to think - myle to say - mwi, powiedzie silence - cisza to keep the listener listening - utrzyma uwag suchacza (sprawi, aby

dalej sucha) uzupenij zdania:

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1. When you speak, you can use words like: I mean, you know, kind of. They can help you (sound, sounding, sounds) very natural.

2. They also keep the listener (listen, to listen, listening). 3. They help you (keep, hold, take) his attention while you speak.

odpowiedzi:

1. sound 2. listening 3. hold

Lesson 3 How can I become more confident? Richard Hallows: Some students do have this confidence, and theyre the students who really make the most progress and become, you know, the good speakers of English. The students who really dont progress so quickly are students who you know, they worry about making mistakes so much, it stops them really communicating and making that progress. Richard Hallows: Really key is, you know, you must enjoy speaking. Erm. Its not an exam - its just about communicating, and if you enjoy it, you will be so much better. to become - sta si confident - majcy wiar w siebie, pewno siebie to make progress - robi postpy to make the most progress - robi najwiksze postpy speaker of English - osoba mwica po angielsku to progress - robi postpy to worry about sth - martwi si czym/o co to make mistakes - robi bdy to communicate - komunikowa si key - klucz to enjoy - lubi co, czerpa z czego rado i zadowolenie uzupenij zdania:

1. Students who have confidence (do, make, achieve) the most progress. 2. Dont worry too much about (making, doing, achieving) mistakes. 3. Enjoy (to speak, speak, speaking) English!

odpowiedzi:

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1. make 2. making 3. speaking

Lesson 4 How do I say it? NGOC: One of my problems is my spoken English sometimes I try to say

something but I dont know the word so I feel um a bit confused and I stop because I dont know how to say it or to say what I want to say so I feel less confident in speaking and I stop myself from speaking sometimes.

how do I say it? - jak to powiedzie? confused - zdezorientowany to feel - czu less - mniej confident - majcy pewno siebie i wiar we wasne siy I stop myself from - powstrzymuj si od uzupenij zdania:

1. If you dont feel confident, you feel (in, un, non) confident. 2. If you dont know the word you are looking for try (to, at, in)

paraphrase. 3. Dont stop yourself (from, at, for) speaking.

odpowiedzi:

1. un 2. to 3. from

Lesson 5 Can I paraphrase? Pak Han Suk:

In the house of the Korean people they like football very much, more than your baseball and basketball, but actually they do not want to visit a stadium. Even if Korean people like football very much sometimes they want to go another place, like picnic, or do other things at home. Maybe Korean people like drinking so much.

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Maybe if a person is asked whether you go to the stadium or you join your friends in the, maybe, beer shop, something like that, I think maybe Korean people choose going to the beer shop, I dont know

paraphrase - parafrazowa basketball - koszykwka stadium - stadion to drink - pi to join - przyczy si beer - piwo shop - sklep to choose - wybiera uzupenij zdania:

1. Do you like football more (then, when, than) basketball? 2. Do you go to football matches or do you prefer to watch it (in, at,

inside) home? 3. Or would you rather go for a drink (for, to, at) a pub or a bar?

odpowiedzi:

1. than 2. at 3. to

Lesson 6 How English helps you survive in business Stelios Haji-Ioannou: Well obviously I've survived in business, by being able

to speak English and Greek, which is not very useful outside Greece - so definitely English must be the business language. I think it would've been impossible to run an airline in the UK without speaking English - that would've been a serious limitation to your ability to communicate with customers. And in fact, when people ask me, Do you ... I mean, you come from Greece - why didn't you start the airline in Greece" or "Why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else", and one of the things I say is, that you know, Greece is too small, it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets, the German, the French and the English, the only language I could skip..... er..... speak, was English, so I had to come to London.

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to survive - przey, przetrwa, przetrzyma to be able to - mc, potrafi, by w stanie to speak English - mwi po angielsku useful - poyteczny language - jzyk impossible - niemoliwy to run - prowadzi (np. biznes) airline - linia lotnicza the UK (=The United Kingdom) - Zjednoczone Krlestwo limitation - ograniczenie ability - zdolno, umiejtno to communicate - komunikowa si customer - klient in fact - w rzeczy samej, de facto to come from Greece - pochodzi z Grecji end - tu: kraniec, kres uzupenij zdania:

1. The knowledge of English helped him to survive (in, at, with) business. 2. He (ran, run, runs) a successful business a few years ago. 3. He would not be able to communicate with customers if he (would not,

could not, did not) know English. odpowiedzi:

1. in 2. ran 3. did not

Lesson 7 How do I link my thoughts together? Patrice: I have to use English a lot in my job and I often have to explain ideas

to people, so I would like to learn interesting ways of linking my thoughts together in English. Often I think I am just saying one thing and then another and I realize that this can be boring for people listening to me. Do you have any suggestions for me?

Stelios Haji-Ioannou:

And in fact, when people ask me, Do you ... I mean, you come from Greece - why didn't you start the airline in Greece" or Why didn't you go to France or Germany or everything else", and one of the things I say is, that you know, Greece is too small, it's in the wrong end of Europe, and out of the big markets, the German, the

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French and the English, the only language I could skip..... er..... speak, was English, so I had to come to London

to link - czy thought - myl to use - uywa job - praca to explain - wyjania idea - pomys, idea another - inny, drugi to realize - zdawa sobie spraw boring - nudny to listen - sucha suggestion - sugestia in fact - w rzeczy samej, de facto to come from Greece - pochodzi z Grecji end - tu: kraniec, kres to speak English - mwi po angielsku uzupenij zdania:

1. I use English a lot (in, at, within) my job. 2. I would like to learn interesting ways (to, of, by) linking my thoughts

together in English. 3. I sometimes ask (me, my, myself) why I want to do it and my answer is

that I find English very useful. odpowiedzi:

1. in 2. of 3. myself

Lesson 8 How do I learn words that go together?

Leonid: My teacher tells me that it is very important for me to learn natural English phrases and expressions. But when I try to speak English, and use such phrases, it is very difficult for me to know which words go together. I think in English there are many thousands of these expressions. Can you give me some advice on how to learn them?

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to go together - i w parze phrase - fraza, zwrot expression - wyraenie to try - prbowa to speak - mwi to use - uywa to know - zna, wiedzie thousand - tysic advice - rada to learn - uczy si uzupenij zdania:

1. It is very important to learn natural English phrases and (impressions, expressions, compressions).

2. But it is difficult to know which words (go, run, match) together in English.

3. Could you give me some (advise, adviser, advice) on how to learn them? odpowiedzi:

1. expressions 2. go 3. advice

Lesson 9 Lets find more opposites

Bjork: I've always thought of Debut and Post as twins, and that's why I've called them Debut, which is before, and Post, which is after - sort of before and after my little lesson, and I think after this I will move on to, sort of, quite, sort of, different things, but the concept with both Debut and Post is a week in a life of a normal person, and all the ups and downs you have in one week which you can't plan - so that's why I wanted the songs on both Debut and Post to be completely different from each other, and to kind of represent that you just... you can't plan your life, and you're not supposed to. You're supposed to just enjoy it to the maximum and take it as it comes sort of thing.

opposites - tu: sowa o przeciwnym znaczeniu, antonimy twins - bliniaki to call - tu: nazywa sort of - jaki (wtrt w rozmowie, ktry nic nie

znaczy)

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before - przedtem after - po to move on to - przej do czego innego, zaj si czym

innym week - tydzie life - ycie ups and downs - sukcesy i poraki, wzloty i upadki song - piosenka both - oba, obie, oboje to be different from each other - rni si od siebie youre supposed to do sth - powiniene, masz co zrobi to enjoy - cieszy si (czym), lubi co, czerpa z

czego przyjemno take it as it comes - (o yciu) bierz je takim, jakie jest uzupenij zdania:

1. Life is full of ups and (downers, downs, down). 2. Take it (like, as, is) it comes. 3. I know all the ins and (inns, out, outs) of her problems.

odpowiedzi:

1. downs 2. as 3. outs

Lesson 10 What are the fillers? Muhammed: When I listen to native speakers, I notice that sometimes

they are not totally fluent and often they stop and think about their words. But when they do this, they use lots of small words to help them. I would like to learn how to use these small words, because I think they will be very helpful for me, but my problem is that I cannot hear them exactly. Can you help to explain the use of these small words for me?

Madonna: Umm it was really, kind of a mark for the end of the year

and um you know, it sort of, went part and parcel with the tour.

filler - wypeniacz, co co wypenia luk to listen - sucha

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native speaker (of English) - osoba, ktrej jzykiem ojczystym jest angielski

to notice - zauway fluent - pynny to think - myle to use - uywa to help - pomaga to learn - uczy si helpful - uyteczny, pomocny to hear - sysze exactly - dokadnie to explain - wyjania use - uycie mark - znak it went part and parcel with the tour - by zasadnicz czci tournee uzupenij zdania:

1. Small words that we use to fill the gaps in the conversation are called (fills, fillers, fullers).

2. When you speak English fluently, you are fluent (in, at, with) it. 3. The knowledge of English is part and (packet, package, parcel) of my

job. odpowiedzi:

1. fillers 2. in 3. parcel

Lesson 11 How do I use the fillers? Interviewer: And why did you actually decide to put the album out anyway?

Was it a record company decision or was it just: Ive reached that time in my life, Ill put out another one?

Madonna: Umm it was really kind of a mark for the end of the year and um you know, it sort of went part and parcel with the tour.

Interviewer: Yeah. Madonna: which is kind of it was a com the tour was really um a

celebration of my pretty much my last three records and what Ive been doing over the last since I did Evita, really.

Interviewer: Yeah. to use - uywa filler - wypeniacz, co co wypenia luk

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to put out an album - wyda album record company - wytwrnia pyt decision - decyzja to reach - tu: osign time - okres life - ycie mark - znak it went part and parcel with the tour - by zasadnicz czci tournee celebration - witowanie, obchody, uczczenie

czego

uzupenij zdania: 1. When an album is released it is put (away, out, outside). 2. Madonnas album was part and parcel of her tour; it was an (unimportant,

essential, irrelevant) part of it. 3. People who make records work for a record (firm, company, corporation).

odpowiedzi:

1. out 2. essential 3. company

Lesson 12 How do I make my English more memorable? Lydia: Yes, I have often noticed how good speakers are able to make

phrases that sound, how can I say, memorable. You know, they use language in a more of an artistic way, especially politicians and leaders, when they speak.

Kofi Anan: It is a much tougher sale out there, in a world where half of our fellow human beings struggle to survive on less than $2.00 a day. Try to imagine what globalization can possibly mean to half of humanity that has never made, or received, a phone call. The simple fact of the matter is this: if we cannot make globalization work for all, in the end it will work for none.

memorable - tu: godny zapamitania, atwy do

zapamitania, wpadajcy w ucho; rwnie: pamitny, niezapomniany to notice - zauwaa phrase - fraza, zwrot to sound - brzmie politician - polityk

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leader - przywdca tough - tu: trudny, ciki sale - sprzeda out there - tam; tu chodzi o kraje Trzeciego wiata world - wiat fellow human being - blini, bratnia istota ludzka to struggle - walczy, zmaga si, mczy si to survive - przey, wyy less than - mniej ni to try - prbowa to imagine - wyobraa sobie to mean - znaczy humanity - ludzko phone call - telefon (w sensie: rozmowa telefoniczna) to make a phone call - zadzwoni do kogo, wykona telefon,

zatelefonowa to receive a phone call - dosta/odebra od kogo telefon (kiedy kto

dzwoni do ciebie) the simple fact of the matter is - rzecz polega po prostu na tym to work for - tu: suy czemu/komu; przynosi korzyci none - nikt, nic, aden objanienia: it is a much tougher sale out there chodzi o to, e ide globalizacji znacznie trudniej jest sprzeda w krajach ubogich uzupenij zdania:

1. If a phrase is worth remembering or easy to remember, it is (memorable, forgettable, unremarkable).

2. Half of our fellow human beings struggle to survive (at, on, about) less than $2 a day.

3. Globalization must work (to, for, from) everyone. odpowiedzi:

1. memorable 2. on 3. for

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Lesson 13 What kind of rhetorical devices do I use? Kofi Anan:

It is a much tougher sale out there, in a world where half of our fellow human beings struggle to survive on less than $2.00 a day. Try to imagine what globalization can possibly mean to half of humanity that has never made, or received, a phone call. The simple fact of the matter is this: if we cannot make globalization work for all, in the end it will work for none.

tough - tu: trudny, ciki sale - sprzeda out there - tam; tu chodzi o kraje Trzeciego wiata world - wiat fellow human being - blini, bratnia istota ludzka to struggle - walczy, zmaga si, mczy si to survive - przey, wyy less than - mniej ni to try - prbowa to imagine - wyobraa sobie to mean - znaczy humanity - ludzko phone call - telefon (w sensie: rozmowa telefoniczna) to make a phone call - zadzwoni do kogo, wykona telefon,

zatelefonowa to receive a phone call - dosta od kogo telefon (kiedy kto dzwoni do

ciebie) the simple fact of the matter is - rzecz polega po prostu na tym to work for - tu: suy czemu/komu; przynosi korzyci none - nikt, nic, aden objanienia: it is a much tougher sale out there chodzi o to, e ide globalizacji znacznie trudniej jest sprzeda w krajach Trzeciego wiata uzupenij zdania:

1. It is not easy to survive (at, on, about) $2.00 a day. 2. When you phone somebody, you (do, make, try) a phone call. 3. When somebody calls you, you (receipt, receive, receiver) a phone call

from them.

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odpowiedzi:

1. on 2. make 3. receive

Lesson 14 How can I correct myself? Sunil: People tell me that I speak English to a pretty high standard,

but I still dont think I could describe myself as a fluent speaker. And I think the real reason for this is that I feel really embarrassed about making mistakes when I speak English. I know I shouldnt do this, I know that native speakers also make plenty of mistakes, but I just cant help myself.

Interviewer: And tell me about the difference that an Oscar makes. Youve talked about recognition.

Juliette Binoche: It means a lot, you know, especially being a foreigner, you know, it doesnt happen that often. And also its is my first movie since The English Patient, so I feels I feel blessed in a way. But, erm Im not erm trying to analysis it how do you say? analyze this er because you know its Im making these films and then afterwards I dont know whether its a good one or not, but I try my best, thats the only thing I know.

to correct - poprawia pretty high - cakiem/do wysoki to describe - opisa fluent - pynny (w mowie) speaker - mwca reason - powd embarrassed - zaenowany to make a mistake - zrobi bd native speaker - tu: osoba, dla ktrej angielski jest jzykiem

ojczystym plenty - mnstwo I cant help myself - tu: nie mog si powstrzyma to make a difference - zrobi rnic (wywrze duy wpyw)

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recognition - uznanie to mean - znaczy, mie na myli foreigner - cudzoziemiec to happen - zdarza si, wydarza movie - film to feel - czu blessed - bogosawiony, tu: wyrniony, obdarowany in a way - w jaki sposb to analyze - analizowa analysis - analiza afterwards - pniej I try my best - dokadam wszelkich stara; robi, co w mojej mocy uzupenij zdania:

1. I speak English (at, to, with) a pretty high standard. 2. I hope Im a fairly (fluent, fluency, flowing) speaker. 3. But I feel embarrassed about (make, making, having made) mistakes.

odpowiedzi:

1. to 2. fluent 3. making

Lesson 15 How can I help myself?

Interviewer: And tell me about the difference that an Oscar makes. Youve talked about recognition.

Juliette Binoche: It means a lot, you know, especially being a foreigner, you know, it doesnt happen that often. And also its is my first movie since The English Patient, so I feels I feel blessed in a way. But erm Im not erm trying to analysis it how do you say? analyze this er because you know its Im making these films and then afterwards I dont know whether its a good one or not, but I try my best, thats the only thing I know.

to make a difference - zrobi rnic (wywrze duy wpyw) recognition - uznanie

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to mean - znaczy, mie na myli foreigner - cudzoziemiec to happen - zdarza si, wydarza movie - film to feel - czu blessed - bogosawiony, tu: wyrniony, zaszczycony in a way - w jaki sposb to analyze - analizowa analysis - analiza afterwards - pniej I try my best - dokadam wszelkich stara; robi, co w mojej mocy uzupenij zdania:

1. Getting an Oscar (does, creates, makes) a big difference to an actor. 2. Always try your (good, better, best). 3. Lets (analyze, analysis, analyzed) what went wrong.

odpowiedzi:

1. makes 2. best 3. analyze

Lesson 16 How can I be more creative in English? Jan: I work in the advertising business and I think that I am a creative

person, but when I speak English I find it very difficult to be creative with the language. When I listen to native speakers, I notice that they often use images or maybe metaphors, which helps to make their speech more dynamic and interesting. Im worried that when I meet with customers, they will think I am a boring and not a creative person. Do you have any advice for me?

Kylie Minogue:

It is slightly odd. I mean, I do feel that Im part of the British music industry, so Im.. my heart, my you knowthe basis of me is Aussie through and through. I mean, my roots are Australian, my branches have been influenced by living here for over ten years.

creative - twrczy, kreatywny advertising - reklama, reklamowanie language - jzyk native speaker - tu: osoba, dla ktrej angielski jest jzykiem

ojczystym

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to notice - zauwaa image - obraz, ima metaphor - metafora to help - pomaga speech - mowa to worry - martwi si, niepokoi to meet - spotyka customer - klient boring - nudny advice - rada slightly - nieco odd - dziwny, dziwne to feel - czu part - cz industry - przemys heart - serce basis - baza, podstawa Aussie (=Australian) - australijski through and through - na wskro, do cna root - korze branch - ga to influence - wywiera wpyw to live - y uzupenij zdania:

1. If you are not creative, you are (in, un, dis)creative. 2. Metaphor is an imaginative way of showing that two things have

(different, the same, opposite) qualities. 3. Use metaphors if you want to sound creative, this is my (advice, advise,

advised). odpowiedzi:

1. un 2. the same 3. advice

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Lesson 17 How do I learn to use metaphors? Kylie Minogue:

It is slightly odd. I mean, I do feel that Im part of the British music industry, so Im.. my heart, my you knowthe basis of me is Aussie through and through. I mean, my roots are Australian, my branches have been influenced by living here for over ten years.

metaphor - metafora slightly - nieco odd - dziwny, dziwne to feel - czu part - cz industry - przemys heart - serce basis - baza, podstawa Aussie (=Australian) - australijski through and through - na wskro, do cna root - korze branch - ga to influence - wywiera wpyw to live - y uzupenij zdania:

1. When something is slightly odd, its slightly (strange, uneven, ordinary). 2. Im Polish through and (thorough, through, thoroughly). 3. Although I (have, has, had) lived in England for over ten years.

odpowiedzi:

1. strange 2. through 3. have

Lesson 18 How do I take part in a discussion? Fatima: I often have to attend fairly formal business meetings, where the

only language is English. This is not a problem for me, except for when I want to interrupt or break into the discussion or express my

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opinion. When I do this I always feel that I am being rude, so I am reluctant to do this.

Edward Said:

Do you think that education plays a great role in emphasizing, rather than minimizing, differences? I think most systems of education are basically nationalist.

Luigi Cavalli-Sforza:

I think, I think this is a very good point, and I think youre basically right. Eh, I also believe that fortunately theres a change in this attitude, although we are weve all been brought up with the nationalists.

to take part - bra udzia to attend - by obecnym, uczestniczy, uczszcza formal - formalny meeting - spotkanie, zebranie language - jzyk to interrupt - przerywa to break into - tu: wczy si (np. do dyskusji) to express - wyraa to feel - czu rude - niegrzeczny, nieuprzejmy reluctant - niechtny education - edukacja to play a role - odgrywa rol to emphasize - podkrela, dodawa emfazy to minimize - minimalizowa difference - rnica nationalist - narodowiec, nacjonalista, narodowociowy,

nacjonalistyczny point - tu: argument, uwaga basically - w zasadzie to believe - wierzy fortunately - na szczcie change - zmiana attitude - postawa, nastawienie to bring up - wychowywa uzupenij zdania:

1. I have to (attend, take part, be present) many formal meetings. 2. Sometimes I dont know how to break (in, into, within) the discussion.

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3. I dont know how to (say, declare, express) my opinion without sounding rude.

odpowiedzi:

1. attend 2. into 3. express

Lesson 19 How do I express my opinion? Luigi Cavalli-Sforza: Well, when I was a child in Italy, I was there was fascism and

I can tell you, it was very nationalist, I received a very nationalist education. It didnt disappear in most of the world, and., but there are many good signs. I would think that what is most important is to remember what I think its Spinoza, said, that intolerance shouldnt, absolutely not be tolerated!

express - wyraa nationalist - narodowiec, nacjonalista, narodowociowy,

nacjonalistyczny education - edukacja to receive - otrzymywa, odbiera to disappear - znika world - wiat sign - znak to remember - pamita to tolerate - tolerowa uzupenij zdania:

1. What role does nationalism (entertain, play, participate) in education? 2. I think youve (done, made, said) a very good point. 3. When I lived in Poland, I (obtain, received, given) very good education.

odpowiedzi: 1. play 2. made 3. received

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Lesson 20 How do I put my points across more strongly? Piotr: Yes. Well, I would say that I am, you know, a fairly fluent speaker of

English. But what Id really like to do when I speak is to put my points across more strongly, you know, to make a bigger impression. I have the feeling that if Im, like, with native speakers, people pay more attention to them. Its hard for me to, you know, be persuasive, and thats a really important thing.

Imman Somali women dont wear veils. Erm We have our own traditional

clothes. We cover our head, but definitely, its not a veil. So weve never worn veils, Ive never worn a veil, my mother has not worn a veil

to put across - tu: przekaza point - opinia, argument, punkt widzenia strongly - mocno, dobitnie fairly fluent speaker of English - osoba do pynnie mwica po

angielsku to make a bigger impression - zrobi wiksze wraenie feeling - odczucie native speaker - osoba, dla ktrej dany jzyk jest

jzykiem ojczystym to pay attention - zwraca uwag hard - tu: trudno persuasive - przekonujcy, przekonywujcy, tu te:

elokwentny veil - welon, woalka, tu: czador traditional clothes - tradycyjny strj to cover - zakrywa head - gowa to wear - nosi/zakada (co), ubiera si (w

co) uzupenij zdania:

1. I would like to know how to put my points (away, across, above) more strongly, when I speak.

2. I would like to be more persuasive and (do, cause, make) a bigger impression.

3. I would like people to (pay, spend, save) more attention to what Im saying.

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odpowiedzi:

1. across 2. make 3. pay

Lesson 21 So, how do I put across my points then?

Imman: For one thing, let me make it very clear, Somalia is is a Muslim country, 100% Muslim country, but we also have a very strong cultural identity. Somali women dont wear veils. Erm We have our own traditional clothes. We cover our head, but definitely, its not a veil. So weve never worn veils, Ive never worn a veil, my mother has not worn a veil, so that was not the issue. The issue that my parents had with me and my choice of profession was that they thought it was beneath me. They thought that I should have had a higher calling, that I should have gone into politics. And they were just purely, simply disappointed in me. So, is it was just the choice of profession that I chose that they were not happy with.

to put across - tu: przekaza point - opinia, argument, punkt widzenia to make sth clear - wyjani co Muslim - Muzumanin, muzumaski identity - tosamo to wear - nosi/zakada (co), ubiera si (w

co) veil - welon, woal, tu: czador issue - sprawa, kwestia, tu: kwestia sporna parents - rodzice choice - wybr profession - zawd, profesja beneath - niej, poniej a higher calling - wyszy cel, powoanie do wyszych

rzeczy to go into politics - zaj si polityk, robi karier w

polityce

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purely - wycznie simply - po prostu purely and simply - tylko i wycznie, po prostu,

najzwyczajniej disappointed - rozczarowany uzupenij zdania:

1. I (have, has, had) never worn a veil in my life. 2. My parents thought that I should have gone (to, in, into) politics. 3. They thought that modeling was (beneath, under, underneath) me.

odpowiedzi:

1. have 2. into 3. beneath

Lesson 22 How do I put together an argument in a clear logical way? Rita: When I speak my own language, I find it very easy to express my opinions

and how do you say? - put together an argument, you know, in a clear logical way. But in English I find this much more difficult to do. What kind of techniques are there to help me to do this?

to put together - skada (w cao), przedstawia argument - tu: argument, argumentacja, dyskusja,

polemika clear - wyrany, przejrzysty logical - logiczny way - droga, sposb to speak - mwi language - jzyk to find - znajdowa, tu: sdzi, uwaa to express opinions - wyraa opinie to help - pomaga uzupenij zdania:

1. When I speak my own language, I find it easy to (make, express, say) my opinions.

2. But in a foreign language it is difficult to do it in a (clean, sheer, clear) and logical way.

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3. I would like to know how to (put, set, lay) together an argument in the best possible way.

odpowiedzi:

1. express 2. clear 3. put

Lesson 23 How do I use repetitions, examples and comparisons? Edgardo Codesal: Referees are human beings and I was in the middle of the

pitch and I know very well thats, its almost impossible to see everything, everything. Sometimes your eyes make the mistake and confuse you because the things happen so fast. Unfortunately, we cant understand we dont want to understand that the referees mistake is part of the game like the mistake from the players and other people are involved in the game. We need to be more human with the referees.

to use - uywa, stosowa repetition - powtrzenie example - przykad comparison - porwnanie referee - sdzia human being - istota ludzka in the middle of - w rodku (czego) pitch - boisko eye - oko to make a mistake - zrobi bd to happen - zdarza si fast - szybko unfortunately - niestety to understand - rozumie part - cz game - gra, mecz player - tu: pikarz to be involved - by zaangaowanym to need - potrzebowa

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uzupenij zdania:

1. Referees are (humane, human, humans) beings. 2. Sometimes they (make, do, perform) mistakes, too. 3. But things happen so (fast, faster, fastly) on the pitch, dont they?

odpowiedzi:

1. human 2. make 3. fast

Lesson 24 Do I need to be aware of different communication styles? Mitali: Now that Im working in England, I am often worried about the way I

appear to my colleagues in the office. My problem is that in my country we like to speak very directly about subjects, but I have the feeling that in England this is not so. I would like to know if other people have similar experiences to this.

Ang Lee: For the Chinese you tell people what you want to do. Nobody discusses it with you. And I grew up in such a way that I was taking orders all my life until I was old enough to give orders. So to communicate with actors... wasnt really my thing.

aware - zdajcy sobie spraw, wiadomy

(czego) different - rny, odmienny communication style - styl komunikowania si to work - pracowa worried - zmartwiony, zaniepokojony to appear - wydawa si, jawi, pokazywa colleague - kolega office - biuro country - kraj to speak - mwi directly - bezporednio subject - przedmiot, temat (np. rozmowy) feeling - tu: odczucie, wraenie experience - dowiadczenie the Chinese - Chiczycy to tell - mwi, powiedzie, kaza

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to want - chcie to discuss - przedyskutowa to grow up - dorasta in such a way - w taki sposb to take orders - przyjmowa od kogo rozkazy to give orders - wydawa rozkazy to communicate - komunikowa si (it) wasnt really my thing - (to) nie byo w moim stylu uzupenij zdania:

1. The opposite of directly is (un, in, non)directly. 2. When other people tell you what to do, you (take, give, hold) orders

from them. 3. When you tell other people what to do, you (make, do, give) orders.

odpowiedzi:

1. in 2. take 3. give

Lesson 25 Shall I be direct or try a bit of bullshitting?

Ang Lee: And I like even to this day, I like to be, direct with I think thats the most efficient way dealing with actor, even though sometimes it can be painful, it seems brutal, but its effective, its less bullshit. Wak Choi in fact, he spent two months of his own time practising swordsmanship. He hired a coach and did something and put it on tape, proudly showed it to me, and I said It sucks, and its not what I want. It really hurt him - but its very effective, you know.

A typical, like after a take, Oh, that was great, erm, blah, blah, blah,

blah, blah and How about lets try something else. Thats not on, a lot of the time thats bullshit. But I do more and more of that these days, because I get more sophisticated language, in English, and I work with more movie stars.

direct - bezporedni, obcesowy to try - prbowa bullshitting - wciskanie kitu, plecenie bzdur, nonsensw efficient - wydajny, skuteczny to deal with sb - tu: mie do czynienia (z kim) painful - bolesny

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to seem - zdawa si, wydawa brutal - brutalny bullshit - kit, bzdura, nonsens in fact - w rzeczy samej, de facto to spend - spdza to practise - wiczy, praktykowa swordmanship - fechtunek, sztuka wadania broni bia to hire - wynaj coach - trener, nauczyciel, mistrz he put it on tape - tu: nagra na tam proudly - dumnie it sucks! - to do chrzanu! to hurt - tu: zrani kogo effective - skuteczny take - tu: kadr blah, blah, blah - (ple trzy po trzy) ple ple ple; rwnie: i tak

dalej something else - co innego thats not on! - tu: tak nie mona! sophisticated - wytworny, wyrobiony, zaawansowany, na

wysokim poziomie, z klas to work - pracowa movie star - gwiazda kina uzupenij zdania:

1. When you definitely dont like something, you can say, informally: It (sacks, sucks, sax).

2. When you say things which are not true in order to deceive or please somebody, you (bull, shit, bullshit) them.

3. When you English is advanced, fluent and elegant, you can say that it is (sophistication, sophisticate, sophisticated).

odpowiedzi:

1. sucks 2. bullshit 3. sophisticated

Leonid: My teacher tells me that it is very important for me to learn natural English phrases and expressions. But when I try to speak English, and use such phrases, it is very difficult for me to know which words go together. I think in English there are many thousands of these expressions. Can you give me some advice on how to learn them?