Best Practices for Planting Salt Marsh and Using Recycled ... Management... · Recycled Oyster...
Transcript of Best Practices for Planting Salt Marsh and Using Recycled ... Management... · Recycled Oyster...
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Best Practices for Planting Salt Marsh and Using
Recycled Oyster Shells for Living Shoreline Construction
Prepared by: Dr. Lexia M. WeaverRachel BisesiTracy Skrabal
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Best Practices for Planting Salt Marsh and Using Recycled Oyster Shells for Living Shoreline Construction
• Types of salt marsh grass• Where to get them• Cost• When and where to plant them• How to plant them
• How to use recycled oyster shells/domes for the construction of living shorelines
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Shoreline Erosion
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How Living Shorelines and Salt Marsh Stabilize Shorelines and Protect Habitat
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Bulkhead Issues
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Storm Damage to Bulkheads
Provided by Dr. Rachel Gittman
One year before One day after
Provided by Carter Smith
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Marsh Grass Species Planted for Living Shorelines
Sporobolus alterniflorus(smooth cordgrass)
Sporobulus patens(salt meadow hay)
Juncus roemerianus(black needlerush)
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Typical Coastal Marsh Zones in NC
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Ordering and Planting Times
Order in fallPlant in April-June (Optimal)Plant in spring for 2-3 years
Trays or boxesTrim - “Haircut”Grow them in a greenhouse
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Nurseries that Grow Salt Marsh Plugs
• Garner's Landscaping, Tree Farm & Plant Stand, Newport – $0.75 per plug delivered
• Wetland Plants Inc., Edenton– $0.75 per plug delivered, 200 min.
• Mellow Marsh Farm, Inc., Siler City
• Lumber River Native Plants, Gibson– $0.75 - $0.85 per plug plus delivery charge
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When and Where to Plant
• Plant in spring (April- June ) for 2-3 years.
• Plant after the sill is in place.• If planting an unvegetated area:
• Smooth cordgrass -below high tide line• Salt meadow hay and black needlerush-
above high tide line
• If planting area with marsh grass present:• Plant where that species is already present
• Close together and close to existing grass
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How to Plant Marsh Grass
Dibble bar Six inches deep Six inches – 1 ft. apart One plug per hole Fertilizer is optional
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Before Planting After 1 Year
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Before Planting
After 3 yearsAfter 6 years
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Before After
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Using Recycled Oyster Shells for Living Shorelines
Loose Oyster Shells Oyster shell bags
Sill
Marsh Toe Revetment
Patch Oyster Reefs
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Sill and Marsh-Toe Revetment Materials• Recycled oyster shells (loose or bagged)
• Riprap (limestone rock/marl, granite,concrete)
• Sandbar Oyster Company’s Oyster CatcherTM
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Patch Oyster Reefs Oyster Shell Bag Sills
Marsh Grass Plantings
Using Recycled Oyster Shells for Living Shorelines
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Using Recycled Oyster Shells for Living Shorelines
• The shells of oysters that were harvested and consumed.
• Help to reduce shoreline erosion and create habitat.
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Obtaining the Recycled Oyster Shells
• Purchased from seafood companies• Quality Seafood, Elizabeth
City ($2.85/bu)
• Purchased from trucking companies• Roy Rogers ($2.48/bu)
• Donated from oyster roasts
• Restaurants
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Making the Oyster Shell Bags
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Sunset Beach Waterway Park June 2018
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Marl
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Stockpiling/Transporting the Bags
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PermitsState (NC Coastal Area Management Act)
• Salt marsh planting alone: No permit required• Marsh-toe revetment/Sills: CAMA General Permits
- $200 fee- Project location map and designs- Adjacent property owner signatures- Valid for 120 days
Federal (Section 404, Clean Water Act) USCOE• Regional General Permits Authorized for 5 year
intervals
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Local Fishermen
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Cross-Section/Profile of Oyster Shell Bag Marsh Toe Revetment.
Maximum 5 feet wide
NLW (6 inches)Oyster Shell Bag
Oyster Shell Bag
Oyster Shell Bag
Oyster Shell Bag
Oyster Shell Bag
Oyster Shell Bag Oyster Shell BagBottom Substrate
NHW (18 inches)
Oyster Shell Bag Marsh Toe Revetment.
NHW (18 inches)
NLW (6 inches)
Coastal Wetlands
Marsh Escarpment
Coastal Wetlands
Marsh Escarpment
Example of Oyster Shell Bag Marsh Toe Revetment.
Typical Marsh Toe Revetment Schematic
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Oyster Shell Bag Marsh Toe Revetments
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Oyster Shell Bag Sill
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Oyster Shell Bag Sill Design
Marl bag
6 ft. wide
NLW (6 in.)Marl bag
~ 1.5 ft. high
Bottom Substrate
NHW (18 in.)
Marl bagOyster bag Oyster bag Oyster bag
Oyster bag
Shor
elin
e
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Oyster Shell Bag Sill
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Sunset Beach Living Shoreline Project 2018- 2019 Oyster Bags and Oyster Domes
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Approximate costs for 50 linear feet:700 bags, 175 bushels @ $3.00/bu = $5253 rolls of mesh @ $125/roll = $375Bagging frame = $100Labor, $5.00 per bag = $3,500 Plantings, 1,500 plants @ $1.00 = $1,500 Total cost = $6,000 or $120/linear ft.
Oyster domes (approx. 32 domes for 50 linear feet)~$60-$120/dome ($1,920-$3,840) Delivery- ~$2,000 per tractor trailer (to Brunswick Co.)
Oyster Shell Bag Sills and Oyster Domes
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Southeast Regional Office309 W. Salisbury St.
Wrightsville Beach, NC 28480(910) 509-2838
Tracy Skrabal- Ted Wilgis- Kerri Allen- Bonnie Mitchell