Berlin’s Air Quality Strategy : measures and expected effects
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Transcript of Berlin’s Air Quality Strategy : measures and expected effects
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1Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Berlin’s Air Quality StrategyBerlin’s Air Quality Strategy: :
measures and expected effectsmeasures and expected effects
Martin LutzSenate Department for Urban Development, Berlin
Directorate IX, Environment Policy
brief recap: problems, origin, sources
expected benefit of a trend scenario
additional measures and their impact
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3Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
0 50 100 150 200 250
Wien
Villach
Stockholm
Rotterdam
Riga
Rhein-/Ruhr Area
München
Milan
Mannheim
Madrid
Lyon-Agglomeration
London
Lissabon
Linz
Leipzig
Klagenfurt
Hamburg
Graz
Frankfurt
Dresden
Berlin
Barcelona
days above 50 µg/m3 PM10
2002
2001
Quelle: ICLEI 2004
Comparison of PM10-pollution in European citiesComparison of PM10-pollution in European cities
EU-limit value
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4Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Source analysisSource analysis Simplified schematic of the PM pollution Simplified schematic of the PM pollution
PM [µg/m³]
urban background
regional background
hemisspheric/natural background
Urban areas countryside
1015
20
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40 Traffic, local sources
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5Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
source attributionsource attribution Sectors contributing to Sectors contributing to total total PM10PM10 at a busy at a busy
traffic spot in Berlin traffic spot in Berlin........
Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V.
other2%
Industry & power plants22%
agriculture4%
domestic heating & solvents
3%
Industry & power plants
3%
domestic heating & solvents
9%
other3%
road traffic non-exhaust
7%
traffic exhaust10%
traffic non-exhaust15%
road traffic exhaust11%
traffic exhaust9%
road traffic non-exhaust
1%
local traffic
regional background#urban background
#based on values recorded at the top of a radio tower 324m above ground
exhaust
non-exhaust
non-exhaust
exhaust
cars
HDV&LDV
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7Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
1x1 km2
~30x30 km2
4x4 km2
Air pollution control planning in Berlin Air pollution control planning in Berlin multi-scale model calculations multi-scale model calculations
street canyon
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8Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
• 450 km road sections in non-450 km road sections in non-attainmentattainment
• 190.000 affected residents190.000 affected residents
24h limit valueannual limit value
current current situation (base year 2002) situation (base year 2002) modelled modelled PM10PM10 in street canyons in street canyons
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9Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
trend scenario 2010trend scenario 2010 predicted predicted PM10PM10 concentration in main road network concentration in main road network
• 200 km road sections in non-200 km road sections in non-attainmentattainment
• ca 81.000 affected residentsca 81.000 affected residents
24h limit valueannual limit value
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12Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
stationary sources BAT and more ….
transport: cleanercleaner vehiclesvehicles and fuelsfuels
municipal car fleet (CRT retrofit & CNG) LEZLEZ (low emission zone)
less traffic through sustainable transport- and city planning (master plan transport, “StEP”), inter alia….
re-routing through traffic on tangential roadsre-routing through traffic on tangential roads extension of zones with parking feesextension of zones with parking fees
expected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centreexpected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centre Optimized traffic management at hot spots (Optimized traffic management at hot spots ( HEAVEN) HEAVEN)
linked with noise abatementlinked with noise abatement Speed limitsSpeed limits
big effect on noise and safetybig effect on noise and safety little effect on air qualitylittle effect on air quality
Air pollution control planning Air pollution control planning additional measures plannedadditional measures planned
stationary sources BAT and more ….
transport: cleanercleaner vehiclesvehicles and fuelsfuels
municipal car fleet (CRT retrofit & CNG) LEZLEZ (low emission zone)
less traffic through sustainable transport- and city planning (master plan transport, “StEP”), inter alia….
re-routing through traffic re-routing through traffic on tangential roadson tangential roads extensionextension of zones with of zones with parkingparking fees fees
expected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centreexpected effect: ~ 10% traffic reduction in Berlin’s centre Optimized traffic management Optimized traffic management at hot spots (at hot spots ( HEAVEN) HEAVEN)
linked with noise abatementlinked with noise abatement Speed limitsSpeed limits
big effect on noise and road safetybig effect on noise and road safety little effect on air qualitylittle effect on air quality
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13Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
-70,0%
-60,0%
-50,0%
-40,0%
-30,0%
-20,0%
-10,0%
0,0%
exp
ecte
d e
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edu
ctio
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% o
f th
e tr
end
sce
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NOx
exhaust-PM
total-PM
Options for LEZ: Options for LEZ: Emission reductionEmission reduction in relation to the trend scenario 2010 in relation to the trend scenario 2010
impact of transport planning („StEP“) and vehicle technology impact of transport planning („StEP“) and vehicle technology
all Diesel vehicles Euro III + particle filter(PF)
all vehicles Euro IV + PF
busses Euro V
implementation 2010
municipal fleet
big fleets of delivery services and logistic firms
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14Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Air Pollution Control Planning Air Pollution Control Planning Core measure: Core measure: low emision zonelow emision zone
traffic restriction for high emitting Diesel vehicles in the cenral city area stage I:
2008, minimum criteria EURO IIstage II:
2010, minimum criteria EURO III & particle filter
scrutiny in 2006, whether retrofit with particle trap could be required already in stage I
at last under preparation...national labelling scheme for clean vehicles Federal Government
tax incentives, in particular for clean (or retrofitted) vans and lorries Federal Government
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15Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
exceedances of the PM10 24h-limit valueimpacts of various control scenarios
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20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
2002 Trend 2005
Trend 2010
LEZ 2010 (Euro III & PF)
LEZ 2010(EURO III + PF)
&"StEP"
LEZ 2010(EURO IV + PF)
&"StEP"
affe
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res
iden
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leng
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f no
n-attain
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t road
sectio
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km
affected residents
length of street sections in non-compliance
Air Pollution Control PlanningAir Pollution Control Planning impact of various control scenarios impact of various control scenarios
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16Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
24h limit valueannual limit value
low emission zone
LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010 PM10PM10 reduction beyond the trend scenario 2010 reduction beyond the trend scenario 2010
low emission zone
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17Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
24h limit valueannual limit value
LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010LEZ & “StEP” scenario 2010 predicted predicted PM10PM10 concentration in main road network concentration in main road network
Beusselstr
remaining hot spots where local traffic management is an option
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18Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Results of scenario runsResults of scenario runs
Expected decrease of PM10 in Berlin
-10% -10% -10% -10%
-8% -10% -11% -15%
-4% -13% -24% -30%
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25
30
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2002 CLE 2010 LEZ 2010 LEZ StEP
2010
"MFR"
ann
ual
ave
rag
e P
M10
[µ
g/m
³]
local increment
urban increment
regional BG
-9% -11% -13% -14%
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19Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Air Pollution Control Planning Air Pollution Control Planning supplementary actionsupplementary action
OptimisedOptimised traffic management at hot spots traffic management at hot spots HEAVEN: HEAVEN: potential for improvement up to 20% potential for improvement up to 20%
(NOx) and 7% (PM10) by truck ban(NOx) and 7% (PM10) by truck ban limited scope for implementationlimited scope for implementation needs thorough investigation to avoid disbenefits needs thorough investigation to avoid disbenefits
elsewhereelsewhere
successive scrutiny of remaining hot spotssuccessive scrutiny of remaining hot spots
Speed limitsSpeed limits concept for imposing concept for imposing 30 km/h limits30 km/h limits on main roads on main roads
where where noise & road safety & air pollutionnoise & road safety & air pollution warrants warrants
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20Senate department of urban development
Unit IX D: air pollution and noise control, M. Lutz
Thank you !Thank you !