BERIBERI Nathan Trujillo 3/8/2012
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Transcript of BERIBERI Nathan Trujillo 3/8/2012
BERIBERI
Nathan Trujillo3/8/2012
Background of Beriberi
• Beriberi is a disease in which the body does not have enough thiamine (vitamin B1).
• Thiamine is a water soluble vitamin used to help release energy from carbohydrates.
Background of Beriberi (cont)
• RDA for thiamine is 1.1 to 1.2 mg/day. The daily value of 1.5 mg is used on food labels.
• There is no upper limit since excess Thiamine is excreted quickly.
Two Major Types of Beriberi:
• Wet beriberi affects the cardiovascular system.
• Dry beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome affects the nervous system.
The Pathology of Beriberi
• Symptoms include weakness, loss of appetite, irritability, nervous tingling throughout the body, poor arm and leg coordination, and deep muscle pain in the calves.
• Results when glucose cannot be metabolized to release energy.
Epidemiology of Beriberi
• Seen in areas where white (polished) rice is a staple. Brown rice still has the bran which is a source of thiamine.
• Not prevalent in the U.S. since most foods are fortified with thiamine.
• Beriberi is not hereditary.
• Affects men and women equally regardless of age.
Beriberi’s effects on
Japanese soldiers during
WWII
Diagnosis and Treatment• Physical and Neurological examinations
are used to assess signs of deterioration.
• The goal of treatment is to replace the thiamine your body is lacking. Supplements are given orally or by injection.
• Prognosis is very good if detected early.• There is no surgical alternatives.
Breakfast Meal Plan
Day 1 Vit B-1 Day 2 Vit B-1
Day 3 Vit B-1
• Cheerios Cereal w/ 1% milk
.59 • Instant Breakfast w/ 1% milk
.40 • Total Cereal w/ 1% milk
2.15
• Whole Wheat Toast
.10 • Honeydew Melon
.37 • Banana .03
• Glass of citrus fruit drink
.05 • Cantaloupe .23 • Coffee 0
Total: .74 1.00 2.18
Vitamin B-1 reported in mg
Lunch Menu
Day 1 Vit B-1 Day 2 Vit B-1
Day 3 Vit B-1
• Spinach Salad w/Mandarin Oranges and Sunflower Seeds
2.01 • Ham Sandwich on Whole Wheat
.89 • Soft Pretzel .46
• Thousand Island Dressing
.23 • Fresh Pineapple
.37 • Mandarin Oranges w/Light Syrup
.12
• Glass of Rice Tea
.09 • Water 0 • Water 0
Total: 2.33 1.26 .58
Vitamin B-1 reported in mg
Dinner Menu
Day 1 Vit B-1 Day 2 Vit B-1
Day 3 Vit B-1
• Vegetarian Stew
1.73 • Breaded Pork Chop
.81 • Tortellini w/meat
.46
• Hard Roll .27 • Potatoes au Gratin
.15 • White Sweet Corn
.31
• Glass of Soy Milk
.15 • Fresh Green Peas
.38 • Can of Beer .03
Total: 2.15 1.34 .80
Daily Totals 5.22 3.60 3.56
Vitamin B-1 reported in mg
Which should you eat?
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size: 24 g
88 cal
8g fat
159 mg Sodium
Nutrition Facts
Serving Size: 26 g
100 cal
1.5 g fat
140 mg sodium
The Berry Berry Kix has a higher amount of Thiamine.
Questions
• Why is the U.S. and other developed countries not at risk for Beriberi?– Most of the food is vitamin enriched
• What is the daily upper limit for Thiamine?– There is none since it is water soluble
• Which type of Beriberi affects the nervous system?– Dry
Resources• Beriberi. (2010). Retrieved 1 March 2012, from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001379/ • Dietary Reference Intakes. (ND). Retrieved 1 March 2012, from
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/DRI//DRI_Thiamin/58-86_150.pdf• Hawk, A. (2006). The Great Disease Enemy, Kak'ke (Beriberi) and the
Imperial Japanese Army. Military Medicine, 171(4), 333-339.• Wardlaw, G.M., & Smith, A.M. (2011). Contemporary Nutrition Eighth
Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.• Watnick, M. (2009). Food Composition Table. New York, NY: McGraw-
Hill.• Nutrition Facts for Kix cereals:http://caloriecount.about.com/calories-
general-mills-kix-i8048 http://caloriecount.about.com/calories-big-g-berry-kix-i115976