Benito Mussolini Europe’s First Fascist Dictator.
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Transcript of Benito Mussolini Europe’s First Fascist Dictator.
Fascism
Fascism is a system of government
Strong social and economic control by central government
Dictator as leader
Nationalism emphasized, supreme authority of leader
Hitler/Mussolini
Fascism
Main goals:
1. Create an Empire (Nationalism)
2. Develop a “New Man” from the “Ordinary Man”—morally and physically strong
Discussion
How is World War I going to led to the rise of dictators in Italy, Germany?
A dictator ever rise in the US?
Mussolini’s Rise to Power
Socialist Journalist
founded a Fascist newspaper
Italy hit by economic crisis after WWI
1922 March on Rome:
King Emmanuel feared it would lead to Civil War and gave Mussolini the Prime Minister position
Mussolini’s ultimate goal
1. Create a new Roman Empire
--He conquered Ethiopia and aided Franco in the Spanish Civil War.
Even Pope: “the man whom God has sent us” Pope Pius XI
He controlled the Italian industry, schools, and the press.
Some seemingly ridiculous laws created by Mussolini
1. Made work days longer but salaries did not increase2. Newpapers could be no longer than 6 pages3. No more luxurious homes could be built.4. Nothing could be sold after 10 pm.
Rise to Power
1925-1927 he created his dictatorship
1. Got rid of all opposing newspapers
2. Got rid of all non-fascist parties
3. Created a secret police force---and had the Italian people call him “IL Duce” meaning the leader!
World War II
Influenced Hitler and the Nazis
Joined an alliance with Hitler in 1936
Axis (Germany, Italy, Japan)
1938 put in anti-Semitic laws
End of his regime
1. Rumors that the allies were going to liberate Italy
2. Mussolini tried to flee to Switzerland with his mistress
3. He was caught and executed by the Italians