Benefits of Open Government Data
-
Upload
jennifer-bell -
Category
News & Politics
-
view
27.308 -
download
4
description
Transcript of Benefits of Open Government Data
VisibleGovernment.ca
Benefits of Open Government Data
[1]
Another Type of Social Media: Publishing Structured Data
[2]
Graphic generated by Redkid.net
“have a much greater potential effect on the ability to transform government than anything else in the Web 2.0 world.”
- Gartner, 2007 The E-Government Hype Cycle Meets Web 2.0
Web-oriented Architectures:
Publishing Structured Feeds
• Ability to subscribe to interesting data
• Data streams can be ‘mashed’ in new ways.
Data Visualization
• Makes it easy to find new patterns.
Collaborative Organization
• Tagging, Voting, Sharing
Crowdsourcing
• Combines skills and input of large numbers of people
Governments publish data
streams
Citizens monitor data
streams
Issues are detected
Issues are resolved
3rd
Party Tools
• Governments publish data streams
• 3rd parties create tools for analysis and oversight
• Citizens collaboratively monitor their government
• Citizens detect issues, give feedback
• Issues are resolved
Why?
Open Systems Allow External Contribution.
Goldcorp
1999: Struggling Vancouver company
Early test results showed gold deposits
After years of searching: no gold found
[3]
From Wikinomics, by Dan Tapscott
Golden challenge unearths new ideas: Globe and Mail, April 2007.
“I
[The Goldcorps President] realized that the uniquely qualified minds to make new discoveries were probably outside the boundaries of his organization, and by sharing some intellectual property he could harness the power of collective genius and capability
[4]
What if governments took the same approach?
structured govt. data
+ citizen expert groups
some examples...
1st Year Results:•2000 Citizen Reviewers • Avg. Time / Reviewer / Patent: 6hrs
Easy to File a Report
Rewarding
•25,000 Problems reported• 8,000 Fixed
A recent US Congress bill
Groups for bill
Groups against bill
Donations
Votes
Publishing Structured Feeds
• MAPLight is a mashup of data streams from different sources.
Data Visualization
• MAPLight makes relationship between money and votes
visible.
Collaborative Organization
• Advocacy group tagsdonating companies as belonging to interest groups.
Crowdsourcing
• Thousands of journalists, advocates, and citizens can browse data and flag issues.
Open Systems Make Failure Free.
* paraphrasing Clay Shirky.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/cobalt/1308955915/
Where’s the best solution?
It’s hard for governments to experiment.
There’s lots of people watching.
[5]
There’s lots of rules.
[6]
“An online compliance checklist for designers of government websites identifies
no fewer than 24 different regulatory
regimes with which all public government web sites must comply.”
-David Robinson, Princeton Center for Information Policy.“Government Data and the Invisible Hand”
[7]
Let others experiment
for you.
* Save tax money.
• Pared down interface
• Easy to navigate
Regulations.gov
OpenRegulations.org
2003 2008(+few months)
• Launched
• Limited Search
• Hard to Use
• Re-designed
• Re-launched
• Added RSS Feeds
*From: Government Data and the Invisible Hand, David Robinson, Princeton Center for Information Technology Policy.
Open Systems Create New Markets.
[8]
Cisco:127 Acquisitions in 15 Years
[9]
New Opportunities:
Visualization
Analysis
Community Mgmt.
Combining Data Sets
Data Mining
Niche Markets
[10]
Be like Cisco.
Buy the best solutions.
Open source them.
Create an expanding base of re-usable software.
[11]
An Architecture for Open.
[12]
OLD NEW
*From: Power of Information Task Force blog, June 2008.
OLD NEW
*From: Power of Information Task Force blog, June 2008.
*From: Government Data and the Invisible Hand, David Robinson, Princeton Center for Information Technology Policy.
DepartmentReporting
Reporting
Access
Access
Treasury Board
AuditorGeneral
An Architecture for Open
DepartmentReporting
Reporting
Access
Access
Treasury Board
AuditorGeneral*
ExternalGroups
ExternalGroups
* Save tax dollars.
Open SystemRoadblocks.
[13]
Civil servants often feel they live in a fishbowl.
“No one was ever promoted for disclosing information.”
-US Government Employee.OMBWatch, Towards a 21st Century Right To Know Agenda
Open systems can make heroes.
Not just scapegoats.
[14]
Estonia: Government document repository entirely open to public.
- Stephen Clift, DemocracyOnline*
[18]* http://rebooting.personaldemocracy.com/node/52
Time Detected
Require-ments
Architec-ture
Construc-tion
System Test
Post-Release
Time Introduced
Require-ments
1× 3× 5–10× 10× 10–100×
Architec-ture
- 1× 10× 15× 25–100×
Construc-tion
- - 1× 10× 10–25×
McConnell, Steve (2004). Code Complete (2nd edition ed.)Microsoft Press. pp. 960. ISBN 0-7356-1967-0.Also here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_testing
Cost of Software Defect: Time Introduced vs. Time Detected
Let the public see your successes as they’re happening.
• Goals achieved
• Innovative services
• Efficiency improvements
About VisibleGovernment.ca
Focus: US Congress
California Legislature
Gives grants to online transparency tools
UK Non-Profit
Simple, Effective Tools
High Participation
Photo by memespring, Flickr.com, Creative Commons ASA2G
Ideas
Skills
Funds
Accelerate online transparency
Raise Awareness With public
With government
Raise Money
Fund External Development: Grants
Contests
Prove Concept
Get Publicity
Raise Awareness
Show What’s Possible
Direct Attention and Money and to Online
Tools For Transparency
[15]
Transparency Reform
Measurable Campaign Promises
Publish MP Schedules
Eliminate Data Access Fees
Access to Information Reform
5 Transparency Pledges
Source Code: Change-Congress.org (Lawrence Lessig and Joe
Trippi)
Candidate info scraped from party websites
10 days to implement
38 MPs elected
2 agreed to publish their calendar
[15]
2003 Directive: Must publish travel and hospitality expenses on the web
No standards for presentation defined
124 Departments- All different
Standardize
• Scrape data into standard format
Stream
• Publish RSS feeds
Visualize
• Provide basic visualization app
• Hold contests
30,000 Records collected so far.
4 Volunteers.
155 Errors found.
1 Visualization company engaged.
1 Lawyer making sure things are on the up-and-up.
What you can do now.
[16]
“When you open up the data, there’s no limit to what people can do. It engages the imagination of citizens in building the city.”
-David Miller, Mayor of Toronto.Toronto 2.0: Data Sharing SourceThe Globe and Mail, 09-01-31
[17]
Government of Canada
Treasury Board
ITERation Project
• Generalized system for publishing data
• Implements IMF Code of Conduct for
Fiscal Transparency
How can I structure it so it can be re-used?
How can I be more open?
What am I publishing?
Further Resources:
VisibleGovernment.ca Website: http://visiblegovernment.ca
Government Data and the Invisible Hand, David Robinson et. al. Princeton Center for Information Technology Policyhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1138083
Hack, Mash and Peer: Crowdsourcing Government TransparencyJerry Brito, George Mason Universityhttp://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1023485
ChangeCamp: http://groups.google.com/group/changecamp
Sunlight Foundation: http://www.sunlightfoundation.com/
Government 2.0, David Eggers. (2005)
Here Comes Everybody, Clay Shirky. (2008)
http://www.slideshare.net/jenniferbell
Photo Credits:
[1] 234 social media marketing examples, beingpeterkimhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/beingpeterkim/2909140600/
[2] Printing Press, Thomas Hawk http://www.flickr.com/photos/thomashawk/172495285/
[3] Gold Bars, Curtis Perry http://www.flickr.com/photos/curtisperry/56998544
[4] Where’s Wally?, McGarry http://www.flickr.com/photos/mcgarry/111003432
[5] Eye see you!, dotbenjamin http://www.flickr.com/photos/dotbenjamin/2636942186
[6] Auntie P.'s ruler, John Edgar Parkhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/edgar/355067220
[7] Chemical Reaction, Neys http://www.flickr.com/photos/neys/2386865187
[8] Landmark Supermarket Trinoma, bredgur http://www.flickr.com/photos/bredgur/2655954991
[9] Cisco 2950, Marco Wessel http://www.flickr.com/photos/mhw/91952572/
[10] Hanging Boken Bulb II, bitzcelthttp://www.flickr.com/photos/bitzcelt/450640323/
[11] United Colors of Legotton, Guillermohttp://www.flickr.com/photos/grdloizaga/817425185
[12] Rotterdam: abstract architecture, docmanhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/docman/2216568210
[13] Roadblock, iboy daniel http://www.flickr.com/photos/iboy_daniel/83671284
[14] just take my hand let's fly away, funkyahhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/funkyah/2400889778/
[15] Amelia Earheart, missrougue, http://www.flickr.com/photos/missrogue/297606078/
[16] Dave Wants You, Chris Owenshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/shutter/105497713
[17] Robots Attack, Andy Wilsonhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/by_andy/2646443630/
[18] Old Town, Tallinn, Estoniahttp://www.flickr.com/photos/kaeru/1442362288/