Dwarf HackberryBen Ferguson

Dwarf Hackberry

The Dwarf Hackberry, Celtis tenuifolia Nutt., also goes by hackberry, sugarberry, upland hackberry, or Georgia hackberry. It is considered rare in Ontario, Illinois, Ohio, New Jersey, and North Carolina.

Classification

Kingdom – Plantae (Plants)Subkingdom – Tracheobionta (Vascular plants)Superdivision – Spermatophyta (Seed plants)Division – Magnoliophyta (Flowering plants)Class – Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)Subclass – HamamelididaeOrder – UrticalesFamily – Ulmaceae (Elm family)Genus – Celtis L. (Hackberry)Species – Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. (Dwarf Hackberry)

Shape, Form, Type

The Dwarf Hackberry is a small tree reaching up to 4 m in height. It has an irregular/asymmetrical shape and it has a dense compact branching pattern.

Figure 2

Bark

Unlike the common hackberry, Dwarf hackberry does not have “warty” bumps on the bark.

Twig

The Dwarf Hackberry has numerous branches. They are small and are spine-like.

Figure 3

Figure 4

Leaf

Dwarf Hackberry trees have leaves that alternate and they are ovate/deltoid in shape. They are also slightly equal-sided to asymmetrical at their base and the tip of the leafs are bluntly triangular to sharp and prolonged.

Figure 6

Bud

The buds are grayish-brown in color and are 1 to 2 mm long. They are also slender, oval shaped and pointed with fine hairs.

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Figure 5

Flower

There are both male and female flowers on the same trees. Either in clusters or by themselves. They are greenish-yellow in color and are rather inconspicuous.

Figure 8

Fruit

The fruit of the tree are thin skinned drupes. They are about the size of a pea and are round and salmon colored.

Figure 7

Habitat and Range

Dwarf Hackberry trees can be found in eastern North America. In the north it ranges from southern Ontario to Connecticut, south to northern Florida, west to eastern Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. It mostly occurs in the Missouri-Arkansas area and the Mississippi-North Carolina area.

Figure 1

Uses

Dwarf Hackberry trees can be used as a landscape tree, firewood, and the berries that are produced can be eaten.

References

Images http://plants.usda.gov/maps/large/C

E/CETE.png Figure 1 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://thump01.pbase.com/t6/40/752240/4/76583259.Em06dsPQ.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pbase.com/gregglee/dwarf_hackberry&usg=__r1JgNQZvIgkf26g-6QuqoqNIlBk=&h=135&w=160&sz=11&hl=en&start=27&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=gz566qCnLFB0IM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=98&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddwarf%2Bhackberry%2Btree%2BCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26start%3D20%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 2 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_MST/0008/320/Celtis_tenuifolia,I_MST858.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia&usg=__6q4ntO7fUmFzTsQLiGk5VsjLYD4=&h=320&w=296&sz=14&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=5n_cy1vd5kyGJM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 3 Retrieved 6/23/10

References Cont. http://www.google.com/imgres?img

url=http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_MST/0008/320/Celtis_tenuifolia,I_MST858.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia&usg=__6q4ntO7fUmFzTsQLiGk5VsjLYD4=&h=320&w=296&sz=14&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=5n_cy1vd5kyGJM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 4 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_MST/0008/320/Celtis_tenuifolia,I_MST858.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia&usg=__6q4ntO7fUmFzTsQLiGk5VsjLYD4=&h=320&w=296&sz=14&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=5n_cy1vd5kyGJM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 5 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_MST/0008/320/Celtis_tenuifolia,I_MST858.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia&usg=__6q4ntO7fUmFzTsQLiGk5VsjLYD4=&h=320&w=296&sz=14&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=5n_cy1vd5kyGJM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 6 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/IM/I_MST/0008/320/Celtis_tenuifolia,I_MST858.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q%3Fsearch%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia&usg=__6q4ntO7fUmFzTsQLiGk5VsjLYD4=&h=320&w=296&sz=14&hl=en&start=3&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=5n_cy1vd5kyGJM:&tbnh=118&tbnw=109&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCeltis%2Btenuifolia%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26tbs%3Disch:1 Figure 7 Retrieved 6/23/10

References Cont. http://biology.missouristate.edu/Herbarium/Plants%20of%20

the%20Interior%20Highlands/Flowers/Celtis%20tenuifolia.JPG Figure 8 Retrieved 6/23/10

Information http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q Retrieved 6/23/10 http://

web4.msue.msu.edu/mnfi/abstracts/botany/Celtis_tenuifolia.pdf Retrieved 6/23/10

http://www.vplants.org/plants/species/species.jsp?gid=8275 Retrieved 6/23/10

http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/CW69-14-359-2004E.pdf Retrieved 6/23/10

http://en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enwiki/246543 Retrieved 6/23/10