Bellwork: Sensory System Vocabulary explain how homeostasis is maintained. ... Tongue Taste Skin ......
Transcript of Bellwork: Sensory System Vocabulary explain how homeostasis is maintained. ... Tongue Taste Skin ......
Bellwork: Sensory System
Vocabulary
Ambly-dull, dim
Audio-related to sound
Chrom- color
Cochle- coiled tube
Corne- cornea
Diplo- double
Echo- sound
-esthesia sensation
Lacrim- tear
Myring- eardrum
Ocul- eye
Opthalm- eye
Oto- ear
Photo- light
Presby- old age
Tympan- middle ear
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
SPECIAL SENSESHEALTH SCIENCES
State Standards
Health Science
8) Outline basic concepts of normal structure and function of all body systems, and explain how homeostasis is maintained.
19) Understand principles of and successfully perform skills related to Medical Assisting Skills, incorporating rubrics from textbooks or clinical standards of practice for the following
b. Screening for vision problems
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Objectives
Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and tongue.
Students will demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the skin or integumentary system.
Students will perform vision assessments to screen for vision problems.
Students will explore sensory experiences of the different sensory organs through lab activities
THE FIVE SENSES
Eyes
Sight
Ears
Hearing
Nose
Smell
Tongue
Taste
Skin
Touch
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The eye
1 inch sphere
Protected by the orbital socket of
the skull, eyebrows, eyelids, and
lashes
Continuously bathed in tears
from the lacrimal duct in the
inner corner of the eye
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THE EYE
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Discussion
With a partner discuss…
What is purpose of tears?
What would happen to our eyes
without tears?
Why do we blink? Is this a
voluntary or involuntary reflex?
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THE EYE
Sclera - outer layer or white of eye
Cornea - center and front of sclera
Choroid coat - middle of the eye
Iris - colored, muscular part
Pupil - circular opening in iris
Lens - behind iris and pupil
Retina - innermost (third) coat
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THE EYE
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PATHWAY OF VISION
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Labeling
Draw an eye and label these parts….
Sclera
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
Retina
Optic nerve
Add this to your notes.
Common Vision defects
Presbyopia- decreased ability to focus on close objects
Hyperopia- (farsightedness)- objects must be moved farther away to be clear
Myopia- (nearsightedness)- objects must be brought closer to be clear
Amblyopia- dimness of vision
Astigmatism- irregularly curved cornea
Diplopia- blurred vision
Strabismus-crossed eyes (due to muscle weakness)
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Eye Trivia!!!
Which famous screen
actress was noted for her
stunning eyes?
Many people thought
her irises were violet in
color…
Research what gives the
eye its actual color??
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Screening for Vision problems
Common screening tools include…
Snellen Chart- assess distance
Reading newsprint- assess near vision
Color testing- color bars on the Snellen chart
Manual Peripheral Vision screening
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Snellen Chart
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMwy06mAV5U
Colored lines are used to check for presence of colored
blindness
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Reading Newsprint
Tests near vision by measuring the
ability to read newsprint at a
distance of 14 inches (35 cm).
Determines if hyperopia or
myopia is present
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Steps to Checking Peripheral
Vision
Assesses peripheral vision by determining when an object comes into sight.
a. Seats client 2 to 3 feet away from self
b. Has client cover one eye and gaze straight ahead.
c. Begins well outside normal peripheral vision and brings object to the center of the visual fields.
d. Repeats in all 4 visual fields, clockwise.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Activity
With a partner you will be checking each others vision using a
grading rubric. You will be performing the following tests…
Distance- Snellen chart
Color- Snellen Chart
Near- newsprint
Peripheral- manual peripheral testing
Document the results of your testing and determine if your partner
has any visual defects.
*if you wear glasses (complete activity with glasses and without to
observe the difference)
*you will be performing Snellen chart Check offs as part of your test
over special senses.
Bellwork
If you could live without one of your
senses what would it be and why? 2-3
sentences.
Sight
Hearing
Taste
Smelling
Touch
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Standard
8) Outline basic concepts of
normal structure and function of
all body systems, and explain
how homeostasis is maintained.
(The special senses are part of the nervous system
and integumentary system)
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Objectives
Students will demonstrate knowledge of
anatomy of the eye, ear, nose, and
tongue.
Students will explore sensory experiences
of the different sensory organs through lab
activities
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
THE EAR
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
THE EAR
The outer ear (Pinna)
collects sound waves and directs them into auditory canal that leads to the eardrum
Glands that secrete wax (cerumen)
Discussion: Discuss with a partner why we need cerumen.
Research: Applying what you know about the types of tissue, what tissue is the outer part of our ear made of?
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
THE EAR cont…
The middle ear
Cavity in the temporal bone connects to the throat by the Eustachian tube
Where did we get the name for this?
equalizes air pressure
Contains 3 tiny bones that transmit sound waves to the ear drum
Hammer
Anvil
Stirrup
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Bartolomeo Eustachi
He is extended the knowledge of the internal ear by rediscovering and describing correctly the tube that bears his name. He is the first who described the internal and anterior muscles of the malleus and the stapedius, and the complicated figure of the cochlea. He is the first who studied accurately the anatomy of the teeth, and the phenomena of the first and second dentition. Eustachius also discovered the adrenal glands (reported in 1563).
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
(Draw and Label)
Discussion
Discuss with your partner
Why would we need the ability to
equalize pressure between our
ear canal and throat?
What are examples of when this
happens?
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Homeostasis and Equilibrium
You equalize your ears many times a day without
realizing it, by swallowing. Oxygen is constantly
absorbed by the tissues of your middle ear, lowering
the air pressure in those spaces. When you swallow,
your soft palate muscles pull your Eustachian tubes
open, allowing air to rush from your throat to your
middle ears and equalize the pressure. That’s the
faint “pop” or “click” you hear about every other
swallow.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ie2j7GpC4JU
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THE NOSE
The human nose can detect
about 10,000 different smells.
Odor molecules that pass
through the nose get
warmed and moistened.
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Did you know??!!
Our eyes always
stay the same
size…..
However our ears
and nose grow
throughout our
entire life!!!
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THE TONGUE
The tongue is a mass of muscle
tissue with structures called
papillae
Taste buds cover the papilla,
which are stimulated by sweet,
sour, salty, and bitter tastes
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THE TONGUE (draw and label)
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Tongue Trivia!!
Did you know…
Taste is the weakest of the five senses
We have almost 10,000 taste buds
inside our mouths; even on the roofs of
our mouths
Everyone’s tongue print is different
similar to fingerprints
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Group Activity
Read the Smell and Taste lab information
located on the website.
In your small groups you will be completing
sensory stations and answering the questions
located around the room…
1. How is your sense of smell?
2. Smell Accommodation
3. The link between taste and smell
4. Taste sensations
When you are finished answer the Review
questions located at the bottom individually© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Bellwork: Write down the terms.
Albin- white
Alopec- baldness
Cutaneo- skin
Cyan- blue
Derma- skin
Jaund- yellow
Lipo- fat
Melan- black
-ous pertaining to
Papill- pimple
Sebac- oil glands
Stratum- layer
-thermia heat
Vascul- blood vessel
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Standard
8) Outline basic concepts of
normal structure and function of
all body systems, and explain
how homeostasis is maintained.
(The special senses are part of the nervous system
and integumentary system)
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Objectives
Students will demonstrate knowledge of
anatomy of the skin or integumentary
system.
Students will research various skin diseases
or disorders and possible preventative
measures or treatments.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Trivia?!?!?
What is the largest
organ of the body?
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
The Integumentary System: The
Structures of the Skin
Epidermis layer
Dermis layer
Subcutaneous layer
Sweat Glands
Sebaceous Glands
Nerve endings
Hair follicles
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Homeostasis in the
Integumentary System
Epidermis
Outermost layer
Protects body from environment
Dermis
Middle layer
The thickest layer
It regulates body temperature and supplies nutrients
Hypodermis
Innermost layer
Is an insulator, shock absorber, and protects the organs
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Homeostasis and the
Integumentary System
Sweat Glands
Produce sweat to cool body temperature
In what other ways do we benefit from sweat?
Sebaceous Glands
Produce sebum or oil
Gives skin a smooth appearance
Protects skin from invading pathogens
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Check for understanding!!
Which two body systems does our sense of touch involve or relate to?
Which layer of our skin is the thickest?
Which gland helps our body to cool off?
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Burns: Watch Video/Take Notes
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dsvtzwp4
nG8
What are the three levels of burns?
What are common causes of burns?
How would you treat a second degree burn?
Research hospitals that have “burn units.”
Would you have to have additional training
perhaps to work in these units and treats these patients?
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Activity: Research then teach!!
With your small group:
Research common skin diseases or
disorders.
Describe the disease or disorder.
Are there any treatments for this
disease or disorder?
Are there preventative measures that
can be taken to avoid this disease or
disorder?© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Diseases, Disorders, or Trauma
Bedsores
Acne Vulgaris
Impetigo
Athlete’s Foot
Eczema
Shingles
Psoriasis
Warts
Contact Dermatitis
Ulcer
Pustules
Ringworm
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
Project: Skin Cancer Brochure
Go to the class website.
Scroll down to Special Senses
Choose Skin Cancer Awareness
Brochure.
This will be for a project grade.
Read the Rubric.
Your grade will be based on the
requirements given.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.