Bellwork - have slate on desk !
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Transcript of Bellwork - have slate on desk !
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Bellwork- have slate on desk!1. Explain how you would build this LEGO penguin?
2. What “rules” do you have to follow when building something with LEGOs? (i.e. how do they work?)
3. What would happen if you didn’t have all of the right pieces?
4. Find the TATA box & transcribe the gene into mRNA (hint: a gene must code for more than one amino acids):
GCT ATA GCG TAC ATG CTT TCA ACT CGA CGA TAT CGC ATG TAC GAA
AGT TGA GCT
5. Translate the mRNA into an amino acid sequence using a codon wheel to find the secret word.
6. When you are finished work on the “Secret Messages” assignment
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Bellwork check
GCT ATA GCG TAC ATG CTT TCA ACT CGA
CGA TAT CGC ATG TAC GAA AGT TGA GCT
mRNA: CGC AUG UAC GAA AGU UGA GCUTranscription
Amino acids: --- start(M) Y E S stop --- Translation
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Protein Folding (On back of notetaker)
After translation, amino acid chains must fold into the correct 3D shape before they can begin working in the cell.
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Remember this? Enzymes (a type of protein) must be the
correct shape to carry out their function
Discuss with your neighbor: How might proteins
get folded into the correct shape?
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Amino Acid Sequence! Amino acids interact
based on their chemical structure
Example: Cysteines (C) always form a “bridge” which folds the protein
(Like lego pieces)
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Amino acid side chains
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Try it Out Toober = amino acid chain Tacks = different amino acid “side chains”
(compounds that stick off the side)
Randomly distribute the 15 tacks on your toober GREEN tacks represent cysteines fold your
protein to create a disulfide bridge between the 2 cysteines
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Fold your protein according to the amino acid side chain rules
Color Tack Type of side chain How it interacts
YELLOW Hydrophobic (water-fearing)
Buried inside of the protein where they are hidden from water molecules outside
BLUE Positively (+) charged Bonds to negative (-) side chains to neutralize
RED Negatively (-) charged Bonds to negative (+) side chains to neutralize
WHITE Polar (hydrophilic: water-loving)
Found on surface/outside where it can bond with water
GREEN Cysteine amino acid Forms a bond with another cysteine to make a “bridge”
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How did you do? Trade proteins with another pair, and see if
they followed all of the rules. If not, show them where to fix it!
Color Tack Type of side chain How it interacts
YELLOW Hydrophobic (water-fearing) Buried inside of the protein where they are hidden from water molecules outside
BLUE Positively (+) charged Bonds to negative (-) side chains to neutralize
RED Negatively (-) charged Bonds to negative (+) side chains to neutralize
WHITE Polar (hydrophilic: water-loving)
Found on surface/outside where it can bond with water
GREEN Cysteine amino acid Forms a bond with another cysteine to make a “bridge”
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Based on your final protein shape, draw what shape your protein would have?
Add a picture of what the substrate it acts on might look like?
Draw your protein & the substrate it would act on in the draw-box on
your notes
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Think about it Were some proteins easier to fold than
others?
What do you think happened over time to proteins that were too difficult to fold?
Suggest how protein folding could be related to evolution
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Modeling a mutation Remove the yellow hydrophobic amino
acid closest to the top
Replace it with a white polar amino acid
Fix your amino acid folding (yellow must be on inside, white must be on outside)
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Explain how your protein shape changed (or didn’t).
How would this affect your protein’s ability to do its job?
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Where do mutations come from?
GCT ATA GCG TAC ATG CTT TCA ACT CGA
CGA TAT CGC ATG TAC GAA AGT TGA GCT
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Where do mutations come from?
GCT ATA GCG TAC ATG CTT TCA ACT CGA
CGA TAT CGC ATG TAC GAA AGT TGA GCT
CGA TAT CGC ATG TAC GAA AGT TGA GCT
GCT ATA GCG TAC ATC CTT TCA ACT CGA
mRNA: CGC AUG UAC GAA AGU UGA GCU aa seq: --- start(M) Y E S stop ---
mRNA: CGC AUG UAG GAA AGU UGA GCU aa seq: --- start(M) STOP
No Protein!
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Closure Finish filling in the table below
Name of process Where it occurs Type(s) of RNA involved
Summary of how it works
Transcription mRNA
CytoplasmThe info coded in mRNA is used to make an amino acid chain
Protein Folding none
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Closure Finish filling in the table below
Name of process Where it occurs Type(s) of RNA involved
Summary of how it works
Transcription Nucleus mRNARNA Polymerase makes an mRNA copy of the DNA gene, starting right after the promoter (TATA). Introns spliced out of mRNA before it leaves the nucleus.
Translation Cytoplasm mRNA, rRNA, tRNA Ribosome reads the mRNA and matches it to the tRNA’s which bring correct amino acids. Forms a long amino acid chain.
Protein Folding Cytoplasm none
Amino acid chains fold into a specific pattern based on the way the side chains interact with one another
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Another day…. Mutations critical reading BW
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Mutations Worksheet Complete the mutations worksheet to
see the effect of different kinds of mutations on the final protein
When you are finished, pick up the new critter assignment & begin your rough draft (due the day of the test)
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Closure Draw a comic strip showing the major
steps of protein synthesis (transcription, translation, protein folding)
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Extra Videos http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/nvi
m_vid_milk/
video about mummy DNA, genes, mutations and lactose intolerance
http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/novat10_vid_fruitfly/ turning genes on and off