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Bellringer February 13, 2012

February 13, 2012

Chapter 12, Section 4:The Ming Dynasty

Today we will be learning about how the Ming Dynasty strengthen government and

backed trade voyages.

Objective

The Rise of the Ming*1368 – Zhu

Yuanzhang becomes emperor, set up capital in Nanjing

*Ming = “Brilliant” dynasty

The Rise of the Ming*Hong Wu – Zhu

changed his name. Meant “Military Emperor”*Brought back order

*Trusted no one – killed anyone suspected of treason (disloyalty to the gov’t)

Ruled – 30 yrs.

The Rise of the Ming*1398 – Yong Le –

Hong Wu’s son became emperor

*Show of power – had to work hard to prove he was powerful*Moved capital to

Beijing

The Rise of the MingImperial City – large

area of palaces and gov’t buildings*Forbidden City –

home to China’s emperors*Palace had

thousands of rooms

Virtual tour of the Forbidden City

Ming Reforms *Restored Civil Service

Exams and made even harder!

*Census – count of the # of people. Helped w/tax collection

*Hong Wu’s orders – canals & farms destroyed by Mongols rebuilt

Ming Reforms *Agriculture- thrived

due to new lands

*Industry – repaired and expansion to the Grand Canal allowed for goods to be shipped.

Chinese Culture Wanted to learn more,

be entertained

*Entertainment – dramas, spoken words, songs and dances, costumes, and symbolic gestures.

*Novels – long fictional stories.

Zheng HeMing leaders -Curious

about the outside world*Reasons – trade, show off

power, demand tribute from weak kingdoms.

*Zheng He – Chinese Muslim explorer, friend to Emperor Yong Le

*Exported: Silk, paper, porcelain

*Imported: Silver, spices, wood, & animals

Zheng He*Officials complained the

trips cost too much, brought outside ideas, and made merchants rich.*Confucius – place loyalty of

society above their own desires.

Chinese merchants – disobeyed by being successful

*Voyages stopped after His death*Ship building tech was lost

within 50 years

Europeans Arrive in China*1514 – fleet from

Portugal arrived, wanted to set up trade relations with the Chinese

*The Chinese thought they were barbariansUncivilized people

*Port of Macao- opened by 1600- allowed Portuguese to set up a trading post here in s. China

Europeans Arrive in China*European influence – were

restricted but did not stop Christian missionaries from traveling to China

*Jesuits – special group of Roman Catholic priest – highly educatedImpressed the Chinese with

scientific knowledgeBrought clocks, eyeglasses,

scientific instruments

*Did not convert too many to Christianity

Fall of the Ming Dynasty*Power – emperors

gathered too much powerOfficials did not want

to make improvements

*Greed- officials took over, placed heavy taxes on peasants – they revolted

Fall of the Ming Dynasty*1644 – Manchu from

Manchuria defeated the Chinese army

Captured Beijing – set up a new dynasty