Bell Work

• What is the difference between protons, neutrons, and electrons?

• What are the three classes of elements?

Physical Science – Lecture 32

Introduction to Periodic Table

Review from Yesterday

• What are atoms?• What are the three subatomic particles?• What are elements?• What are the main parts of a periodic square?• What is the difference between atomic

numbers and atomic masses?

Atom

Periodic Law

• Law that states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

Labeling the Periodic Table

• Groups are numbered 1-18• Periods are numbered 1-7

Groups and Families

• Columns of elements in the periodic table

Periods

• Horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.

Groups on the Table

• Elements arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

• Breaks in the table are assigned to help line up elements in a certain way (periodic law).

Alkali Metals

• Group 1; has 1 valence electron.

Alkali Metals – Group 1A

Alkaline earth metal

• Group 2; has 2 valence electrons.

Alkali Earth Metals – Group 2A

• Transition metal – elements in the middle of the table that have properties of metals but do not belong to a specific group.

Transition Metals

Boron family

• Group 13; has 3 valence electrons.

Carbon family

• Group 14; has 4 valence electrons.

Nitrogen family

• Group 15; has 5 valence electrons.

Oxygen family

• Group 16; has 6 valence electrons.

Halogen family

• Group 17; has 7 valence electrons; most reactive of all groups.

Halogens – Group 7A (17)

Noble (inert) gas

• Group 18; has 8 valence electrons; generally non-reactive elements.

Nobel Gases – Group 8A (18)

Rare-earth element

• General term for any element in the lanthanide or actinide series.

Lanthanoid (lanthanide) series

• first row of rare-earth elements.

Lanthanide Series

Actinoid (actinide) series

• second row of the rare-earth elements.

Actinide Series

Pop Quiz

• Remember to put the NAME, DATE, and PERIOD in the upper right hand corner if you do not want 5 points taken off.

Label the Diagram

1

2 3

4

Label the Diagram

5

7

6

8

Question 9

• What is the difference between groups/families and periods on the periodic table?

Question 10

• What is the difference between atomic numbers and atomic masses? Be as specific as possible.