Bell Ringer 1) The total fertility rate (TFR) of the Cayman Islands

is 1.9. What does this value mean? a) Every woman will produce, at least, 1.9 children

b) On average, every family unit will produce 1.9 children c) On average, 1.9 children are born every day d) Every family must produce at least 1.9 children to keep the population stable e) The average number of children born per female is 1.9

2) For years, the country of Yemen has seen dramatic reductions in death rate. Over the past few years, the birth rate has also begun to drop. This suggests that Yemen is experiencing which stage of demographic transition? a) Post-industrial b) Pre-industrial c) Transitional d) Industrial

3) An ecotone is… a) A transition area between two adjacent but different communities (such as biomes) b) Characterized by larger than normal biodiversity values c) A specific area where the edge effect can be observed d) B and C e) A, B and C

4) Below are five events that have lead to the Copenhagen Climate Conference. Place them in the correct chronological order (starting with the oldest event).

A = IPCC releases the AP4 (fourth assessment report); Bali Climate Conference suggests the Kyoto Protocol is not strong enough to bring about lasting change.

B = The Framework Convention on Climate Change (FCCC) is signed at Earth Summit in Brazil

C = The Copenhagen Climate Conference occurs D = The United Nations establishes the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change E = The Kyoto Protocol is introduced; America does not ratify

the protocol. a) D, A, E, B, C b) D, B, E, A, C

c) D, E, B, A, C d) D, B, A, E, C

pgs 264-265

Agriculture Feeding a Growing Population

Population Growth • The human population continues to grow

exponentially – the population is expected to reach 9 billion people by 2050.

• As the population grows, more food is needed to feed that population.

Population Growth: The Good News

• Human’s ability to produce food has also grown. Reasons for such a dramatic increase in world food production include:

– Devoting more fossil fuel energy to agriculture

– Planting and harvesting more frequently

– Increasing the use of irrigation, fertilizers and pesticides

– Increasing the amount of cultivated land

– Developing more productive crops through crossbreeding and genetic engineering

Population Growth: The Bad News • While most crop production has increased over

time, world grain production has decreased 9% since 1985.

• The world’s soils, in general, are in decline.

• Nearly all of the planet’s cultivatable land has been claimed already.

Population Growth: The Bad News • While most crop production has increased over

time, world grain production has decreased 9% since 1985.

• The world’s soils, in general, are in decline.

• Nearly all of the planet’s cultivatable land has been claimed already.

• Just because food production has increased thus far in human history does not guarantee that it will continue to do so.

Bell Ringer 1) Over time, human population has _________

and food production has __________

a) Increased ; decreased

b) Decreased ; increased

c) Increased ; increased

d) Decreased ; decreased

Bell Ringer 2) Which reason listed below does NOT explain

why agricultural production has increased as population growth has increased.

a) Genetically modified agriculture

b) Increased use of irrigation

c) Decrease use of fossil fuels in agriculture

d) Harvesting and planting more frequently

e) Increased use of fertilizers and pesticides

3) Which answer below is a negative result of increased crop production? a) Decline of the world’s soil b) Drop in world fruit and vegetable production c) World water crisis d) Increase of world grain production e) Global food crisis

4) Global food production cannot increase exponentially; draw a graph showing what would happen when this occurs.

World Hunger Issues pgs 264-265

World Hunger • People can be classified into one of three

categories in terms of food:

1) Undernourished

2) Malnourished

3) Overnourished

World Hunger • An individual who is undernourished is

receiving less than 90% of their daily caloric needs.

• (Daily caloric needs for women are around 2,000; men need around 2,500)

• Undernourishment is most often seen in developing nations.

World Hunger • Poverty is the biggest reason

for undernourishment.

• Over half of the world’s population lives on less than $2 a day, making obtaining food difficult.

• In America alone, 31 million people have been labeled as lacking the income required to obtain sufficient nutrition at all times.

World Hunger • Malnourishment occurs when an individual

fails to obtain a complete value of vitamins and minerals from their food sources.

World Hunger • Chronic malnourishment can lead to disease:

– Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by protein deficiency and can lead to reduced growth, mental disability and bloating.

World Hunger • Chronic malnourishment can lead to disease:

– Marasmus is a disease caused by a protein and caloric deficiency which causes individuals to become extremely emaciated.

World Hunger • Chronic malnourishment can lead to disease:

– Marasmus is a disease caused a protein and caloric deficiency which causes individuals to become extremely emaciated.

One child dies every six seconds due to

malnourishment and hunger.

World Hunger • Overnourishment occurs when an individual

receives too many calories each day.

• This is generally only a problem experienced in the developed world where cheap food and sedentary lifestyles are prevalent.

World Hunger • In the United States:

– Three out of five adults are “overweight”

– One out of four adults is “obese”

• Worldwide, obesity affects over 300 million people.

Percentage of Population Obese

Excerpt from

“Killer at Large”

Educational version: start at 4:00, stop at 15:37

Why does America have

an obesity problem?

http://www.snagfilms.com/films/title/killer_at_large/

“Killer at Large”

Extra Credit: Stay after school

today to watch the rest of the film

(about 45 minutes)