Belief Systems & Belief Systems & Religions of the WorldReligions of the World

Patten & ValdnerPatten & Valdner

Global History IIGlobal History II

Regents ReviewRegents Review

Hinduism• Founder:

– No one founder– Brought in by the Aryans

• Area located:– India

• Holy Books– Vedas– Upanishads

Hinduism• Beliefs:

– Caste sytem• Affects job, marriage

& choices in life

– Dharma & Karma– Reincarnation

Buddhism• Founder:

– “The Budda” Siddhartha Guatama

• Area Located:– Developed in India &

spread to China

• Holy Books:– Tripitaka “3 baskets

of wisdom”

Buddhism• Beliefs:

– 4 Noble Truths– 8 fold path– Goal - Nirvana– Give up desires– Meditation

Judaism• Founder:

– None– Hebrews

• Area Located:– Israel

• Holy Books:– Torah

Judaism• Beliefs:

– Monotheistic– 10 Commandments

came through Moses

• Additional Info:– Influences later

religions– Christianity & Islam

Christianity• Founder:

– Jesus

• Area Located:– Began in the Middle East

• Holy Book:– Bible– Old & New Testament

Christianity • Beliefs:

– Monotheistic– 10 Commandments– Jesus = Son of God– Salvation through

belief in Jesus

• Additional Info:– Spread in Roman

Empire

Islam• Founder:

– Mohammed

• Area Located:– Arabia

• Holy Book:– Koran– Quran

Islam• Beliefs:

– Monotheistic– 5 Pillars of Islam

• Mecca

• Fasting

• Prayer (5times)

• Charity

• Belief in Allah

• Additional Info:– Followers called Muslims

Shinto• Area Located:

– Japan

• Beliefs: Native spirits

Animism• Area Located: Africa

• Beliefs: Native spirits living living souls in trees, stones, stars, etc.

Confucianism• Founder:

– Confucius

• Area Located:– China

• Holy Book:– The Analects

Confucianism• Beliefs:

– 5 Key Relationships– People are naturally

good– Filial Piety (Respect

for parents)

Legalism• Founder:

– Hanfeizi

• Area Located:– China

Legalism• Beliefs:

– Man is naturally evil– Order is achieved

through strict laws

• Additional Info:– Many feudal rulers

followed Legalism

Taoism• Founder:

– Laozi

• Holy Book:– The Way of Virtue– Zhuang-zi

• Beliefs:– Balance between yin and

yang– Live in harmony with

nature