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Belgrad, 23.10.2015 Dr. Sebastian Schwab. Institute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research...
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![Page 1: Belgrad, 23.10.2015 Dr. Sebastian Schwab. Institute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research Hands-on session: alpha amylase alpha amylase as a saliva.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062503/5a4d1af87f8b9ab0599826cc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Belgrad, 23.10.2015Dr. Sebastian Schwab
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
Hands-on session: alpha amylase
alpha amylase as a saliva based
biomarker for the analysis of stress
in a motivational fit-situation
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
• Most previous studies demonstrate that a regulatory fit in motor and cognitive tasks will lead to performance improvements.
o What could be the reason for that?o Which mechanism could be behind it?o Is it a neurobiological mechanism?
stress???
problem
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
Edwards et al., 2007, Work & Stress;
Wallace et al., 2009, Journal of Applied Psych.
Plessner et al., 2009, Psych.
of Sport and Exercise;
Memmert et al., 2009,
Zeitschrift für Sportpsych.;
Shah et al., 1998, Journal of
Personality and Soc. Psych.;
Keller & Bless, 2006, Euro.
Journal of Soc. Psych.;
Spiegel et al., 2004, Euro.
Journal of Soc. Psych.
Is stress as a
physiological parameter a
potential mediator to
explain the better
performances in
motivational fit-situations?
motivation
performancestress
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
The participants‘ stress level in fit-situations remains constant or
rather decreases, whereas under non-fit-conditions an increase of
the stress activity will be observed.
hypothesis
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
letter of agreement
personal questionnaire
questionnaire
(Keller & Bless, 2006, Euro. J. Soc. Psychol.)
(Friedman & Förster, 2001, J. Perso. and Soc. Psychol.)
(Friedman & Förster, 2001)
(Friedman & Förster, 2005, J. Perso. and Soc. Psychol.;
Friedman et al., 2003)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase• is an index for stress-induced activity of the sympathetic
nervous system (SNS) (Rohleder & Nater, 2009, Psychoneuroendocrinology)
• non-invasive with a saliva sample
• responds to stress immediately and without great time delay in comparison to cortisol (Strahler, 2012)
• also applicable in possible field studies
• apeears to be a reliable, simple, saliva based indirect marker of the SNS-activity (Nater & Rohleder, 2009, Psychoneuroendocrinology; Rohleder & Nater, 2009, Psychoneuroendocrinology)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
(Rohleder et al., 2004, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.; Chatterton et al., 1996, Clin. Physiol.)
alpha amylase correlates with (nor-)adrenalin
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – sampling methods
drooling
spittingsucition absorption
Rohleder and Nater (2009) summarized that for saliva sampling, salivettes and passive drooling are both equally well suited.
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – storage
up to 3 weeks
up to 12 months
up to 5 months
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – analysis
Prof. Dr. C. KirschbaumBiopsychology - TU DresdenZellescher Weg 19, Raum 212D-01062 Dresden, Germany
Pack salivettes in zipper bags
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
briefing
• What are the methodic characteristics when measuring alpha amylase?
• Which are the influencing factors of alpha amylase?
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – daily fluctuations
(Rohleder et al., 2004, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – age
(Strahler et al., 2010, Psychophysiol.)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – caffeine
(Klein et al., 2010, Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – food
(Fröhlich et al., 1987, Physiol. Behav.)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – gender
(van Stegeren et al., 2008, Int. J. Psychophysiol.)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
alpha amylase – exercise
(Sariri & Damirchi, 2010, Pharmacologyonline)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
methodic conclusionsdaily
fluctuations
age
caffeine
food
exercise
gender
test between 10 and 12 o‘clock
sport students
no coffee
no big meal
no exercise
men
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
(Schwab, Wolf & Memmert, 2015, Stress)
non-fit fit
64 male students between 20 and 33
years (M = 24.29, SD = 3.123)
r = -0.249, p < .05
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
• task enjoyment: r = 0.181, p = .076 (clear trend)
• motivation: r = 0.219, p < .05
Participants are more motivated when being in a relative fit-situation compared
to a relative non-fit-situation.
more results
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
64 male students between 20 and 33
years (M = 24.29, SD = 3.123)
Diff_1_2: t(1,58) = -2.540, p < .05 Diff_1_3: t(1,58) = -2.278, p < .05 (Schwab, Wolf & Memmert, 2015, Stress)
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
discussion
• Our data indicate that the SNS was influenced by a motivational
task: sAA activity of participants in a fit-situation decreased,
while it increased in a non-fit-situation.
• Differential effects on the SNS could be seen as a possible
mediator to explain the benefits of a fit-situation in contrast to a
non-fit-situation.
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
future prospects • Future research designs should try to replicate these findings
with the help of cognitive and motor performance tasks that
have already been used under rgulatory fit-aspects.
• With different tasks and questionnaires, it would be possible to
evaluate whether participants under fit-conditions perform better
than participants under non-fit-conditions, along with
determining sAA activity of participants in a fit-situation
decreases versus that of participants in a non-fit-situation.
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Dr. Sebastian SchwabInstitute of Cognitive and Team/Racket Sport Research
Thank you for your attention!