Behaviorism

Chapter 14

Behaviorism

• The unconscious is ignored altogether.

John B. Watson

• If environment can be totally controlled from infancy, the child can be molded into anything at all-doctor, robber, teacher, scientist

• “Little Albert” –we are afraid of objects or situations because of frightening associations we have made to them in the past.

B.F. Skinner

• All of our behaviors result from a series of reinforcements. We have no choice.

Albert Bandura

• Much of our personality comes from observing and modeling ourselves after other people.

• Learning is a process of association.

Humanistic Theories

Chapter 14

Humanism

• Emphasizes the whole person with his or her positive potential and which accepts the person as an individual human with all kinds of good qualities.

Carl Rogers

• People are basically good

• Have trouble living up to ideal self

Abraham Maslow

• Reaching self-actualization– Physiological Needs– Safety Needs– Belongingness Needs– Self-Esteem Needs– Self-Actualization Needs