Beh Sci Answers exam1

7/24/2019 Beh Sci Answers exam1

1/21

1. A 50-year-old physician is recovering from aseptic meningitis that began two

weeks ago. He appears to have lost considerable cognitive function, and he says

he will not go on living if his cognitive ability remains compromised. To

demonstrate to him that recovery is occurring, serial evaluations with which of

the following psychological assessments is indicated?

A. Halstead-Reitan Battery

B. Stanford Binet Intelligence Test

C. Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale

D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

E. Wide Range Achievement Test

2. A young child is able to walk when held by one hand and speaks in strings of

unrecognizable words. When placed in a room with other children, the child

stays close to his mother but plays by himself. Based on these observations, in

the next six to eight months the child is most likely to learn to

(A) ride a tricycle

(B) stand on his tiptoes

( C) draw a circle

(D) build a tower of three blocks

(E) play peek-a-boo

3. An oncologist tells his patient that her laboratory results support a diagnosis

of advanced malignant melanoma with multiple metastases to the. liver and

brain. He also advises her that the prognosis is poor. Which of the following is

most likely to be the first statement that the patient will make?

(A) "Can you keep me. alive until my daughter graduates from medical school?"

(B) "Damn you doctor, you should have caught this earlier!

(C) "Doctor, you.mustbe wrong."

(D) "I think it is timethat I make a will and say goodbye to everyone."


2/21

(E) "It's no use, I always lose and get the short end of the. stick."

4. Which of the following would most likely be considered an example of an

objective, criterion-referenced test?

a. California Personality Inventory

b. Halsted-Reitan Battery

c. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

d. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

e. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Revised (WASIS-R)

5. For the average adult, most sleep time is spent in what stage of sleep?

a. Stage 1

b. Stage 2

c. Stage 3

d. Stage 4

e. REM

6. A 20-year-old woman sees her baby cousin for the first time. As she attempts

to play with the infant, he begins to cry incessantly. Which of the following is

the most likely age of this infant?

(A) 1-4months

(B) 6-9 months

(C) 9-12 months

(D) 13-16 months

(E) 17-20 months


3/21

7. A woman has difficulty going to sleep each night. She decides that the noise

of the traffic outside her home is keeping her awake. She shuts the bedroom

window, the noise is muffled, and she is able to go to sleep. Shutting thebedroom window becomes a nightly routine. She most likely continues to shut

the window each night because of which of the following behavioral principles?

A. Classical conditioning

B. Extinction

C. Negative reinforcement

D. Positive reinforcement

E. Secondary reinforcement

8. Although at first, a heroin user may take the drug in order to experience the

drug-induced high, the heroin addict seeks his daily fix, not to feel good, but to

avoid the pain of withdrawal. From this perspective, the type of reinforcement

that most contributes to the maintenance of heroin addiction is which of thefollowing?

A. Classical conditioning

B. Extinction

C. Negative reinforcement

D. Positive reinforcement

E. Punishment

Questions 911

For the past year, pizza has been sold from a white van outside a high school.

The teenage students complain that they are often embarrassed because their

stomachs begin to growl whenever they see any white vehicle, even on

weekends. The principal then bans the van from selling pizza near the school

and the students' stomachs stop growling at the sight of white vehicles.

9. For this scenario, which element represents the unconditioned response?

(A) Stomach growling in response to the white van


4/21

(B) Stomach growling in response to pizza

(C) The white van

(D) Pairing the white van with getting pizza

(E) Pizza

10. For this scenario, which element represents the unconditioned stimulus?



(C) The white van


(E) Pizza

View Answer

11. For this scenario, which element represents the conditioned stimulus?



(C) The white van


(E) Pizza

12. As the physician enters the room, the patient sits quietly and says nothing.

The physician greets the patient and then says, "You seem very quiet today."This statement by the physician would most likely be considered an example of

which of the following?

A. Confrontation

B. Directed action

C. Facilitation

D. Leading question

E. Redirection


5/21

13.

Ans: G

14. Before the beginning of a gynecological examination, the patient asks her

physician if they can stop and have a short prayer together before proceeding.The physician is not an especially religious person. The best course of action on

the part of the physician would be to do which of the following?

A. Ask the patient why she thinks this is necessary

B. Ask the patient if there is some particular issue that may be causing her

anxietyC. Begin saying a prayer and ask the patient to follow along

D. Explain to the patient that this is not part of normal medical procedure

E. Find out what sort of prayer the patient would like to have

F. Offer to wait quietly while the patient prays


6/21

15.

ANS:B

16. A 28-year-old male patient is brought to the emergency room after a fight in

which he attacked a man who cut into his line at the supermarket checkout. In

the emergency room he remains assaultive and combative. The body fluids of

this patient are most likely to show

(A) increased 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl- glycol (MHPG)

(B) decreased MHPG

(C) increased 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)

(D) decreased 5-HIAA

(E) decreased homovanillic acid (HVA)

17. A 24-year-old man sustains a head injury in an automobile accident. Hisfather relates that prior to the accident, the patient was respectful, modest,

controlled, and hard working. In the hospital, the patient is rude to the nurses

and aides, loses his temper with the slightest provocation, and refuses to wear a

hospital gown or anything else. These behavioral changes after the accident

indicate that the area of the brain most likely to have been injured in this patient

is the

(A) dorsolateral convexity of the frontal lobe


7/21

(B) hypothalamus

(C) orbitofrontal cortex

(D) reticular system

(E) amygdala

(F) nucleus basalis of Meynert

18. Analysis of the blood plasma of a 45-year-old male patient shows increased

concentration of homovanillic acid (HVA). This elevation is most likely to be

associated which of the following conditions?

(A) Parkinson disease

(B) Depression

(C) Bulimia

(D) Pheochromocytoma

(E) Schizophrenia

19. To determine whether a 3-month-old infant is able to hear sounds, the most

appropriate diagnostic technique is .

(A) PET

(B) CT

(C) amobarbital sodium [Amytal] interview

(D) EEG

(E) evoked EEG

20. A man reports that he often awakens in the morning and finds himself

unable to move. Only when his wife pushes him over on his side does he regain

his ability to move. Based on this information, the most likely preliminarydiagnosis for this man would be which of the following?


8/21

A. Central sleep apnea

B. Narcolepsy

C. Sleep inertia

D. Somnambulism

E. Withdrawal from substance abuse

21. A child is observed walking down the stairs using alternating feet, can throw

and catch a ball, states her gender accurately, and is able to correctly name the

colors of presented objects. Based on this evidence, which of the following

geometric shapes did the child most recently learn to draw?

(A) Cross

(B) Diamond

(C) Square

{D) Triangle

(E) Circle

Q 22-25For each age below, select the psychosocial crisis, as described by

Erikson, with which it is most likely to be associated.

(A) Identity versus role confusion (B) Generativity versus stagnation (C)

Integrity versus despair (D) Initiative versus guilt (E) Industry versus inferiority

22. 5 years of age ANS:E

23. 15 years of age ANS:A

24. 40 years of age ANS:B

25. 65 years of age ANS:C


9/21

26. A 6-year-old child has an IQ of 50. The mental age of this child is

equivalent to that of a child aged

(A) 2 years

(B) 3 years

(C) 4 years

(D) 5 years

(E) 7 years

27. The mother of a 3-year-old child tells you that although she instructs the

child to sit still at the dinner table, the child cannot seem to do so for more than

10 minutes at a time. She squirms in her seat and gets out of her chair. The

child's motor and verbal skills are appropriate for her age. Which of the

following best fits this picture?

(A) Separation anxiety disorder

(B) Normal behavior

(C) Delayed development

(D) Lack of basic trust

(E) ADHD

28. During a sleep study a physician discovers that a patient shows too little

REM sleep during the night. In order to increase REM sleep the physician

should give the patient a medication aimed at increasing circulating levels of

(A) serotonin

(B) norepinephrine

(C) acetylcholine

(D) dopamine

(E) histamine


10/21

29. A physician is conducting a school physical on a normal l0-year-old girl.

When interviewing the child, the physician is most likely to find which of the

following psychological characteristics?

(A) Lack of conscience formation

(B) Poor capacity for logical thought

(C) Identification with her father

(D) Relatively stronger importance of friends over family when compared

to children of younger ages

(E) No preference with respect for the sex of playmates

30. For each set of symptoms, select the substance-related disorder in which it is

commonly seen.

(A) Alcohol intoxication

(B) Amphetamine intoxication

(C) Hallucinogen intoxication

(D) Opioid intoxication

(E) Phencyclidine (PCP) intoxication

5. Euphoria, hypervigilance, dilated pupils, and cardiac arrhythmia ANS:B

6. Apathy, pupillary constriction, drowsiness, slurred speech ANS: D

7. Labile mood, slurred speech, unsteady gait, nystagmus . ANS:E

31. A 20-year-old female patient tells the doctor that she has little interest in

going back to school or in getting a job. She also reports that she often craves

snack food and has gained over 10 pounds in the last 4 months. What substance

is this patient is most likely to be using?

(A) Phencyclidine (PCP)

(B) Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)


11/21

(C) Marijuana

(D) Cocaine

(E) Heroin

32. A 22-year-old student tells the doctor that he has been using "speed" nightly.

Which of the following outcomes is the student most likely to report?

(A) Increased fatigue

(B) Decreased pain threshold

(C) Increased appetite

(D) Decreased body weight

(E) Decreased libido

33.

ANS:A


12/21

34.

ANS:D

35.

ANS:B

36. According to recent data, the most common known cause for mental

retardation in the United States is which of the following?

A. Down syndrome

B. Fetal alcohol syndrome

C. Fragile X syndrome

D. Intracranial hemorrhage


13/21

E. Reye syndrome

37. A woman reports that most nights during the last year she has lain awake in

bed for more than 2 hours before she falls asleep. After these nights, she is tired

and forgetful and makes mistakes at work. Of the following, the most effective

long-term treatment for this woman is

(A) continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)

(B) an antipsychotic agent

(C) a sedative agent

(D) a stimulant agent

(E) development of a "sleep ritual"

38. A patient reports that he is sleepy all day despite having 8 hours of sleep

each night. His wife reports that his loud snoring keeps her awake. Of the

following, the best treatment for this patient is

(A) continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

(B) an antipsychotic agent

(C) a sedative agent

(D) a stimulant agent

(E) development of a "sleep ritual"

39. A 40-year-old man develops depressed mood, anhedonia, initial and

terminal insomnia, loss of appetite, a 10-lb weight loss, and difficulty with

sexual arousal. The clinical features of the patients psychiatric illness suggest

dysfunction of the

a. Frontal lobes

b. Pituitary


14/21

c. Hippocampus

d. Hypothalamus

e. Corpus callosum

Questions 40-44. Match the following

a. Hypothalamus

b. Amygdala

c. Nucleus basalis of Meynert

d. Mesolimbic circuit

e. Hippocampus

40. A 22-year-old woman with an inoperable craniopharyngioma has become

grossly obese and experiences rapid fluctuation of body temperature. ANS:A

41. A 34-year old homeless man with a chronic psychiatric disorder hears the

voices of the angels and believes he is the New Savior.ANS:D

42. A 17-year-old male cannot remember anything that happened after he

recovered from a bout of encephalitis, but he has no difficulties with remote

memories.ANS:E

43. A 70-year-old retired librarian lives in a nursing home because she cannot

take care of herself. She does not recognize her children anymore, she gets lost

in her own room, and requires help for showering and dressing.ANS:C

44. An 82-year-old woman at the late stage of dementing disorder roams hernursing home touching and licking everything she passes, over and over again.

She is placid and nothing seems to frighten her.ANS:B

45. A father scolds his child when she hits the dog. The child stops hitting the

dog. This change in the child's behavior is most likely to be a result of

(A) punishment

(B) negative reinforcement


15/21

(C) positive reinforcement

(D) shaping

(E) classical conditioning

(F) extinction

(G) sensitization

(H) habituation

46. Although a father spanks his child when she hits the dog, the child continues

to hit the dog. This child's hitting behavior is most likely to be a result of

(A) punishment

(B) negative reinforcement

(C) positive reinforcement

(D) shaping

(E) classical conditioning

(F) extinction

(G) sensitization

(H) habituation

A 50-year-old physician is recovering from aseptic meningitis that began two weeks ago. He appears

to have lost

considerable cognitive function, and he says he will not go on living if his cognitive ability

remains compromised.

To demonstrate to him that recovery is occurring, serial evaluations with which of the following

psychological

assessments is indicated?

A. Halstead-Reitan Battery


16/21

B. Stanford Binet Intelligence Test

C. Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale

D. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

E. Wide Range Achievement Test

Explanation:

The correct answer is A. The Halstead-Reitan Battery is a group of tests that reflects the basic

and higher level

cognitive and neuro-sensory functioning of the entire brain, and can be used in a serial fashion

with little

learning effect being present. Since there is recovery of function for up to 2 years post CNS-

trauma, test results

can demonstrate that the present loss the patient is experiencing is not permanent.

The Stanford Binet Intelligence Test (choice B), used in the adult, mainly reflects verbal skills

and consequently

would miss large portions of this man's situation.

The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (choice C) assesses developmental and social functioning,

not cognitive

and neuro-sensory abilities.

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (choice D) confines its results to intelligence assessmentand does not


17/21

assess more basic issues like aphasia and neuro-sensory skills.

The Wide Range Achievement Test (choice E) assesses academic achievement only.

A 27-year-old swimmer who feels insecure about her athletic abilities harshly criticizes her

teammates'

techniques. Which of the following ego defense mechanisms is she displaying?

A. Displacement

B. Projection

C. Reaction formation

D. Repression

E. Sublimation

Explanation:

The correct answer is B. Projection involves attributing one's own traits, feelings, and attitudes

to someone

else. This 27-year-old swimmer's harsh criticism of her teammates' abilities is a reflection of her

personal


18/21

feeling of incompetence. (Doubts about her own ability are translated into doubts about her

teammates'

aptitude.)

Displacement (choice A) involves the automatic transferring of a wish or an affect from one

object to a

substitute. For example, a man who is angry at his wife releases his hostility by kicking the

table.

Reaction formation (choice C) involves turning a repressed impulse or unconscious wish to its

opposite. For

example, a man who is attracted to his brother's wife develops an aversion to her personality.

Repression (choice D) occurs when the conflicting thought or feeling is automatically hidden

from the person's

awareness. Forgetting an emotionally charged event is an example of repression.

Sublimation (choice E) is a very mature mechanism that involves consciously turning socially

unacceptable

impulses into acceptable or more benign forms. For example, a young college girl immerses

herself in athletics

rather than engage in premarital sex.

-year-old patient is given a battery of neuropsychological tests. He scores 85 on the Wechsler Adult


19/21

Intelligence Scale (WAIS) Verbal IQ, 135 on the Performance IQ test, and 125 on the Wechsler

Memory Scale

test. Which of the following is the most likely site of his brain dysfunction?

A. Bilateral frontal lobes

B. Bilateral hippocampal gyri

C. Bilateral occipital lobes

D. Left hemisphere

E. Right hemisphere

Explanation:

The correct answer is D. The pattern presented suggests this person is having difficulties with

verbal material

(WAIS verbal IQ of 85) but not with visual-spatial tasks (performance IQ) or memory (Wechsler

memory scale).

Since the left hemisphere is dominant for speech and verbal material in the majority of

individuals, the lesion is

most likely in the left hemisphere.

Choice A is incorrect since the frontal lobes control socially appropriate behavior, sequencing,

and future

planning. There is no indication that these are deficient in this person.


20/21

Since memory is intact, a lesion in the bilateral hippocampal gyri (choice B) is unlikely.

Bilateral occipital lesions (choice C) would produce problems with visual recognition, which are

not apparent in

this person.

The right hemisphere (choice E) is related to control of visual-spatial functions (e.g., map

reading, locating

oneself in space, etc.), rather than verbal ability.

There is a classic zoo story about a cage with three monkeys in it. The largest monkey steals the

middle-sized

monkey's banana. The middle-sized monkey then screams with rage, hits the smallest monkey

on the head, and

then steals his banana. The middle-sized monkey is using which of the following mechanisms of

defense?

A. Displacement

B. Projection

C. Reaction formation

D. Regression


21/21

E. Repression

Explanation:

The correct answer is A. This is an example of displacement. In this defense mechanism, there is

a transfer of

emotion from a person, object, or situation with which it is appropriately associated to another

that causes less

distress. Displacement is common and often destructive to other individuals, such as when a

man is fired from

his job and subsequently beats his wife or children. In the medical setting, the hospital staff is a

frequent target

of displacement when family members react to their own feelings of guilt about someone's

death.

Projection (choice B) occurs when someone attributes his or her own thoughts to a different

person.

Reaction formation (choice C) is the unconscious adoption of behavior opposite to one's true

feelings.

Regression (choice D) is the adoption of behavior more appropriate to a younger age.

Repression (choice E) is the deeply subconscious blocking of memories or emotions.

Beh Sci Answers exam1

Documents

Transcript of Beh Sci Answers exam1