Beginning of WWII Chapter 19 Section 2. Opposing Sides Axis Powers GermanyGermany ItalyItaly...
-
Upload
bryce-pitts -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
2
Transcript of Beginning of WWII Chapter 19 Section 2. Opposing Sides Axis Powers GermanyGermany ItalyItaly...
Beginning of WWIIBeginning of WWII
Chapter 19 Section 2Chapter 19 Section 2
Opposing SidesOpposing Sides Axis PowersAxis Powers
• GermanyGermany• ItalyItaly• JapanJapan• Austria and BulgariaAustria and Bulgaria
Allied PowersAllied Powers• Great BritainGreat Britain• FranceFrance• USSRUSSR• United StatesUnited States
Germany Takes Poland
September 1, 1939 – German forces invade Poland• Blitzkrieg – “lightening war” – using
tanks supported by planes then sending in troops to hold the conquered territory
Europe was shocked w/ the Germany’s speed and efficiency
• Poland surrendered w/i 4 weeks Germany and the Soviets divided Poland
German Domination April 1940 – German forces took over
Denmark and Norway May 1940 – Germany invaded Belgium,
Luxembourg, and the Netherlands• Main assault through Luxembourg and the
Ardennes Forest Getting from Germany into France Germans broke through and raced across
Northern France
Taking over France would be next!
Fall of France (1940) Maginot Line
• Line of concrete bunkers and fortifications the French built after WWI
Along the German-French border
Hitler went around the Maginot Line and attacked from the Belgium-French border• Trapped French and British troops on the
beaches of Dunkirk Small town in N. France near Belgian border
Miracle at Dunkirk (1940) As German troops were closing in
on Dunkirk Hitler put a 3 day delay on German troops• This delay allowed 338,000 Allied troops
to evacuate (mostly British) Evacuation done by the British Royal Navy and
civilians in private boats
• The Allies left b/h tons of ammo, rifles, and vehicles
France Surrenders June 22, 1940
• Hitler accepts the French surrender • Hitler expected Britain to negotiate for
peace after France surrenderedThey did not!
• Hitler orders an invasion of Britain
The United StatesThe United States
Franklin D. Roosevelt = US PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt = US President• The US follows strict isolationismThe US follows strict isolationism
Roosevelt disagrees w/ Germany’s actions, Roosevelt disagrees w/ Germany’s actions, but the US still wants to be neutralbut the US still wants to be neutral
After WWI we do not want to be brought in a After WWI we do not want to be brought in a war we have no interest inwar we have no interest in
• 1941 – US eventually b/g to supply 1941 – US eventually b/g to supply Britain w/ food, ships, planes, etcBritain w/ food, ships, planes, etc
We stop practicing strict isolationismWe stop practicing strict isolationism
Battle of Britain Luftwaffe – German air force
• Launched a major attack on Britain• German planes bombed British air and
naval bases, harbors, and war industries• Germany accidently bombs London
In retaliation, Britain bombs Berlin Hitler is furious! His new strategy is massive
bombings of British cities• Hitler wants to break the morale of the British people,
but he fails! British use newly developed radar to intercept
German aircraft• Hitler eventually cancels the invasion of Britain
Operation BarbarossaOperation Barbarossa June 1941 – Germany invades the June 1941 – Germany invades the
Soviet UnionSoviet Union• Stalin is shocked!Stalin is shocked!
This attack ends the Nazi-Soviet PactThis attack ends the Nazi-Soviet Pact USSR joins the AlliesUSSR joins the Allies
• Hitler b/l the Soviets could be defeated b/f Hitler b/l the Soviets could be defeated b/f the winter set in, he was wrong!the winter set in, he was wrong!
Russians lost 2 ½ million soldiersRussians lost 2 ½ million soldiers Thousands of Germans froze to deathThousands of Germans froze to death
• No winter uniforms – Hitler thought Soviets would be No winter uniforms – Hitler thought Soviets would be defeated b/f winter camedefeated b/f winter came
Pearl HarborPearl Harbor December 7, 1941 – Japanese forces December 7, 1941 – Japanese forces
attack US naval base at Pearl Harborattack US naval base at Pearl Harbor• Pearl Harbor in Hawaiian IslandsPearl Harbor in Hawaiian Islands• Why?Why?
Economic sanctions US put on JapanEconomic sanctions US put on Japan
• Attack on Pearl Harbor forces the US to Attack on Pearl Harbor forces the US to join in WWII (join the Allies)join in WWII (join the Allies)
“…“…December 7, 1941 – a date which will live December 7, 1941 – a date which will live in infamy…”in infamy…”
Same day – Japan launches attacks Same day – Japan launches attacks on the US controlled Philippineson the US controlled Philippines
Pearl Harbor, 12-7-41Pearl Harbor, 12-7-41