Beef Unit 11-12 th Grade. Learning Targets 1. I can identify various breeds of beef cattle. 2. I can...
-
Upload
arlene-preston -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
5
Transcript of Beef Unit 11-12 th Grade. Learning Targets 1. I can identify various breeds of beef cattle. 2. I can...
Beef UnitBeef Unit
11-1211-12thth Grade Grade
Learning TargetsLearning Targets
1.1. I can identify various breeds of beef I can identify various breeds of beef cattle.cattle.
2.2. I can identify proper terminology for I can identify proper terminology for beef cattle.beef cattle.
Beef Cattle FactsBeef Cattle Facts
80% of Cow herds have less than 50 80% of Cow herds have less than 50 head of cattle.head of cattle.
8 Beef Cattle Regions in the U.S.8 Beef Cattle Regions in the U.S. Japan is the largest importer of U.S. Japan is the largest importer of U.S.
Beef.Beef. More than 50 Beef Breeds to choose More than 50 Beef Breeds to choose
from.from. 10% of all calves die at birth or soon 10% of all calves die at birth or soon
afterafter
Beef Cattle HistoryBeef Cattle History
Christopher Christopher Columbus Columbus brought cattle in brought cattle in 1493.1493.
Beef Cattle HistoryBeef Cattle History
Spanish brought Spanish brought Longhorn to Longhorn to Mexico in 1521.Mexico in 1521.
Beef Cattle HistoryBeef Cattle History
English brought English brought large numbers of large numbers of cattle in 1553 cattle in 1553 when Jamestown when Jamestown Colony was Colony was founded.founded.
Bos Indicus Cattle ExampleBos Indicus Cattle Example
Long Floppy EarsLong Floppy Ears Hump on the Hump on the
shoulders.shoulders. Loose HideLoose Hide Heat tolerantHeat tolerant Resistance to Resistance to
diseases and diseases and InsectsInsects
Bos Indicus Cattle Bos Indicus Cattle
Bos Indicus Cattle Bos Indicus Cattle
Bos Indicus Cattle Bos Indicus Cattle
Bos Indicus Cattle Bos Indicus Cattle
Bos Taurus Cattle ExampleBos Taurus Cattle Example
Tight hideTight hide Short earsShort ears
Bos Taurus CattleBos Taurus Cattle
Bos Taurus CattleBos Taurus Cattle
Bos Taurus CattleBos Taurus Cattle
Bos Taurus CattleBos Taurus Cattle
AngusAngus
Imported in 1873Imported in 1873 ScotlandScotland
Moderate frameModerate frame
Color: BlackColor: Black
PolledPolled
SimmentalSimmental
Imported 1969Imported 1969 SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Color: Red and Color: Red and White-BlackWhite-Black
Polled or HornedPolled or Horned
ShorthornShorthorn
Imported 1783Imported 1783 EnglandEngland
Color: Red/WhiteColor: Red/White
Polled or HornedPolled or Horned
Dual PurposeDual Purpose
BeefmasterBeefmaster
Originated: 1931Originated: 1931 Hereford 25%Hereford 25% Shorthorn 25%Shorthorn 25% Brahman 50%Brahman 50% Color: Color:
Red/Yellowish-Red/Yellowish-whitewhite
Very Hardy and Very Hardy and milk wellmilk well
CharolaisCharolais
Origin: FranceOrigin: France Imported: 1930Imported: 1930 Color: Color:
White/CreamyWhite/Creamy Rugged Rugged Polled and HornedPolled and Horned
ChianinaChianina
Imported: 1971Imported: 1971 Origin: ItalyOrigin: Italy Color: WhiteColor: White HornedHorned Cow: 1500-2000lbCow: 1500-2000lb Bull: 1800-4000lbBull: 1800-4000lb Used for Used for
crossbreedingcrossbreeding
LimousineLimousine
Origin: FranceOrigin: France Color: Red, BlackColor: Red, Black Imported: 1969Imported: 1969 Polled or HornedPolled or Horned Good Milking Good Milking
ABilityABility
Belted GallowayBelted Galloway
Imported: Imported: ScotlandScotland
Imported: 1950Imported: 1950 White belt around White belt around
stomachstomach Good mothersGood mothers Grow Rapidly Grow Rapidly
Texas LonghornTexas Longhorn
Origin: TexasOrigin: Texas 11stst Breed in Breed in
United StatesUnited States Very Adaptable Very Adaptable Very cheap to Very cheap to
raiseraise Price goes by Price goes by
Horn Length.Horn Length.
Polled HerefordPolled Hereford
Origin: EnglandOrigin: England Imported:1817Imported:1817 Henry Clay:Ky.Henry Clay:Ky. Cow: 1200lbsCow: 1200lbs Bull:1500-Bull:1500-
2000lbs2000lbs Good mother, Good mother,
milk, foragermilk, forager
Horned HerefordHorned Hereford
Original: HornedOriginal: Horned Began: 18Began: 18thth
CenturyCentury Origin; Origin;
Herefordshire Herefordshire EnglandEngland
Black HerefordBlack Hereford
Origin: U.S.AOrigin: U.S.A AngusAngus HerefordHereford Feed EfficiencyFeed Efficiency Milking abilityMilking ability DocileDocile
BrahmanBrahman
Imported: 1900Imported: 1900 United StatesUnited States
Color: White to Color: White to GrayGray
HornedHorned
Good mothersGood mothers
BrafordBraford
Origin:FloridaOrigin:Florida Began: 1947Began: 1947 3/8 Brahman3/8 Brahman 5/8 Hereford5/8 Hereford Early PubertyEarly Puberty Fertile Cow/BullFertile Cow/Bull Calving EaseCalving Ease
BrahmousinBrahmousin
Origin: United Origin: United StatesStates
5/8 Limousin5/8 Limousin
3/8 Brahman3/8 Brahman
Polled HornedPolled Horned
Cow 1500lbCow 1500lb
Bull 2200lbBull 2200lb
BrangusBrangus
Origin: United Origin: United StatesStates
Developed: 1949Developed: 1949 3/8 Brahman3/8 Brahman 5/8 Angus5/8 Angus Heat ResistantHeat Resistant Color: Red/BlackColor: Red/Black
Simbrah Simbrah
Origin: AmericaOrigin: America Color: VariesColor: Varies Polled or HornedPolled or Horned Cow: 1500lbsCow: 1500lbs Bulls: 2200lbsBulls: 2200lbs Fast growersFast growers Long life spanLong life span
Gelbray Gelbray
Origin: AmericaOrigin: America Color: VariesColor: Varies Cow: 1500lbsCow: 1500lbs Bull: 2200lbsBull: 2200lbs Polled or HornedPolled or Horned Good Good
reproduction, reproduction, rapid growthrapid growth
WatsuiWatsui
Origin:AfricaOrigin:Africa Cow:900-1200lbCow:900-1200lb Bulls:1000-Bulls:1000-
1600lb1600lb Imported:1960Imported:1960 Slow in growthSlow in growth
Mostly for Private Mostly for Private use.use.
Belgian BlueBelgian Blue
Origin: BelgiumOrigin: Belgium New to U.S.A.New to U.S.A. Heavy musclingHeavy muscling 2 Groups2 Groups 1. Milk Prod.1. Milk Prod. 2. Beef Prod.2. Beef Prod. Cow: 1500lbsCow: 1500lbs Bull: 2500lbsBull: 2500lbs
GelbviehGelbvieh
Origin: GermanyOrigin: Germany Imported: 1971Imported: 1971 Color: RedColor: Red Horned or PolledHorned or Polled Good FertilityGood Fertility Cow:1500lbsCow:1500lbs Bulls: 2000lbsBulls: 2000lbs
Red AngusRed Angus
Origin: EuropeOrigin: Europe Imported: 1954Imported: 1954 Cow:1000-1300Cow:1000-1300lblb
Bull:1500-2000Bull:1500-2000lblb
Good: Mothers, Good: Mothers, Crossbreeding, Crossbreeding, Calving EaseCalving Ease
HighlandHighland
Origin: ScotlandOrigin: Scotland Color: Yellow, Color: Yellow,
Red, Silver-Red, Silver-WhiteWhite
Cow:800-1100lbCow:800-1100lb Bull:900-1200lbBull:900-1200lb Very ruggedVery rugged Imported: 1930Imported: 1930
PiedmontesePiedmontese
Origin: ItalyOrigin: Italy Imported: 1979Imported: 1979 Double MuscledDouble Muscled Rich milkRich milk Color: WhiteColor: White Cow: 1200-1800Cow: 1200-1800lblb
Bull:1800-2800Bull:1800-2800lblb
Maine Anjou Maine Anjou
Origin: FranceOrigin: France Imported: 1969Imported: 1969 Cow:Cow:1500-1900lb1500-1900lb
Bull:Bull:2200-3100lb2200-3100lb
Good: Milk, Good: Milk, Mature fastMature fast
Color: Red, Color: Red, Black, Mix ColorBlack, Mix Color
RomagnolaRomagnola
Origin: ItalyOrigin: Italy Color: WhiteColor: White HornedHorned Cow: 1650lbsCow: 1650lbs Bulls:2750lbsBulls:2750lbs Good feed Good feed
conversionconversion Imported: 1970Imported: 1970
Santa Gertrudis Santa Gertrudis
Origin: AmericaOrigin: America Color: Red/BlackColor: Red/Black 3/8 Brahman3/8 Brahman 5/8 Shorthorn5/8 Shorthorn Good mother, Good mother,
fast growers, fast growers, Polled or hornedPolled or horned
BeefaloBeefalo
Origin: AmericaOrigin: America Color: VariesColor: Varies 3/8 Bison3/8 Bison 5/8 Beef Cow5/8 Beef Cow Good milking, Good milking,
mothers, rapid mothers, rapid growthgrowth
GyrGyr
Origin: IndiaOrigin: India Color: VariesColor: Varies Cow: 1200lbsCow: 1200lbs Bull: 2000lbsBull: 2000lbs Used for: Dairy Used for: Dairy
and Beefand Beef Ancestor of Ancestor of
BrahmanBrahman
ZebuZebu
Origin: IndiaOrigin: India Imported: 1849Imported: 1849 Cow: 1200lbsCow: 1200lbs Bull: 1800lbsBull: 1800lbs Used for: Beef Used for: Beef
and Dairyand Dairy
WagyuWagyu
Origin: JapanOrigin: Japan Produce: Kobe Produce: Kobe
BeefBeef Imported:1976Imported:1976 Horned or PolledHorned or Polled Color: Black or Color: Black or
RedRed Best Beef???Best Beef???
CorrienteCorriente
Origin: SpanishOrigin: Spanish Imported: 1493Imported: 1493 Small sizeSmall size Grow slowGrow slow HornedHorned Used for RodeosUsed for Rodeos Used: Milk, Beef, Used: Milk, Beef,
SportSport
BraunviehBraunvieh
Origin: SwitzerlandOrigin: Switzerland Imported: 1869-Imported: 1869-
18801880 Color: BrownColor: Brown Bull: 2100-2500lbBull: 2100-2500lb Cow: 1200-1500lbCow: 1200-1500lb Used for: Milk, Used for: Milk,
MeatMeat Horned Horned
DexterDexter
Origin: IrelandOrigin: Ireland Imported: 1905-Imported: 1905-
19151915 Bull: 1000LbBull: 1000Lb Cow: 750LbCow: 750Lb Used: Milk, MeatUsed: Milk, Meat Color: Black and Color: Black and
RedRed
Fighting BullFighting Bull
Origin: SpainOrigin: Spain Imported: ?Imported: ? Color: Black or Color: Black or
Dark BrownDark Brown Bull: 1300-Bull: 1300-
1600lb1600lb Used for: Used for:
Fighting Fighting
TuliTuli
Origin: ZimbabweOrigin: Zimbabwe Imported: NoneImported: None PolledPolled Color: Red, Yellow, Color: Red, Yellow,
WhiteWhite Medium SizeMedium Size Good Milking ability,Good Milking ability, Good MothersGood Mothers
TarentaiseTarentaise
Origin: FranceOrigin: France Color: Dark RedColor: Dark Red Imported: 1972Imported: 1972 Bull: 1800lbBull: 1800lb Cow:1200lbCow:1200lb Good: Mothers, Good: Mothers,
MilkingMilking
RandallRandall
Origin: VermontOrigin: Vermont Cow: 600-1100lbsCow: 600-1100lbs Bull: 1000-1800lbsBull: 1000-1800lbs HornedHorned Color: White base Color: White base
and Linebackand Lineback Traits: Docile, Few Traits: Docile, Few
calving problems, calving problems, survival instinctssurvival instincts
Florida CrackerFlorida Cracker
Origin: FloridaOrigin: Florida Descended from Descended from
Spanish stock.Spanish stock. Cow: 900lbsCow: 900lbs Bull: 900-1000lbsBull: 900-1000lbs Known for: Hardy Known for: Hardy
traits, Resistance to traits, Resistance to parasitesparasites
HornedHorned
Miniature Cattle
Very Popular Color: Varies Height: 36”-46” Used for: Draft,
Milk, Pets, Meat 26 Breeds
Composite BreedsComposite Breeds
Cattle of 2 or Cattle of 2 or more breeds more breeds that have been that have been crossed to crossed to create a better create a better animal.animal.
BarzonaBarzona
BeefmasterBeefmaster
BrafordBraford
BrangusBrangus
Santa GertrudisSanta Gertrudis
ChimaineChimaine
Bos TarusBos Tarus
Broken into 2 Broken into 2 Categories.Categories.
BritishBritish ContentialContential
Continental CattleContinental Cattle
Also called Also called Exotics.Exotics.
Grow very fast Grow very fast and gain weight.and gain weight.
Originated in Originated in EuropeEurope
CharolaisCharolais
ChianinaChianina
LimousineLimousine
GelbviehGelbvieh
Maine-AnjouMaine-Anjou
SalersSalers
SimmentalSimmental
TarentaiseTarentaise
British BreedsBritish Breeds
Known as Known as English Breeds.English Breeds.
Known as the Known as the foundation foundation breeds in the breeds in the United States.United States.
AngusAngus
Horned Hereford Horned Hereford
Polled Hereford Polled Hereford
Red AngusRed Angus
Red PollRed Poll
ShorthornShorthorn
ADGADG
Average daily Average daily gain.gain.
AYWAYW
Adjusted Adjusted yearling weight.yearling weight.
A.I.A.I.
Artificial Artificial Insemination.Insemination.
AWWAWW
Adjusted Adjusted weaning weight.weaning weight.
EPDEPD
Expected Expected Progeny Progeny Difference.Difference.
BullBull
Male animal used Male animal used for breeding cattle.for breeding cattle.
SteerSteer
Male that has been Male that has been castrated.castrated.
CowCow
Older female who Older female who has given birth.has given birth.
HeiferHeifer
Female less than 3 Female less than 3 years of age and years of age and not given birth.not given birth.
Polled Polled
Naturally Naturally Hornless cattle.Hornless cattle.
ScursScurs
Small horn tissue Small horn tissue attached to the attached to the skin rather than skin rather than the bone.the bone.
HornedHorned
Horns growing Horns growing from the skull of from the skull of the animal.the animal.
Terminal Sire Terminal Sire
Bull that all of Bull that all of his calves are his calves are sold to market.sold to market.
Paternial Sire Paternial Sire
Bull that all his Bull that all his heifer calves are heifer calves are used as used as replacement replacement cows.cows.
Open FemaleOpen Female
A non pregnant A non pregnant female.female.
MarblingMarbling
Specks of fat Specks of fat found in the found in the muscular tissue.muscular tissue.
CutabilityCutability
Amount of Amount of saleable retail saleable retail cuts that are cuts that are obtained from obtained from the carcass.the carcass.
CullingCulling
Removing less Removing less productive productive animals from the animals from the herd.herd.
DamDam
Female parent.Female parent.
SireSire
Male parent. Male parent.
Free MartinFree Martin
1 Male Calf 1 Male Calf
1 Female Calf1 Female Calf
Heifer calf will not Heifer calf will not breed. breed.
ProgenyProgeny
Offspring of Offspring of parents. parents.
PedigreePedigree
Record of the Record of the ancestors of a ancestors of a beef animal.beef animal.
Cattle Frame ScoreCattle Frame Score
Scores are given Scores are given from: 1-7from: 1-7
Helps place Helps place grades and grades and prices to cattle.prices to cattle.
ConformationConformation
The appearance The appearance of the live of the live animal.animal.
Includes: Includes: Skeletal Skeletal structure , structure , muscle, fat, muscle, fat, balance.balance.
Artificial InseminationArtificial Insemination
Used to improve Used to improve the quality of the the quality of the herd.herd.
DehorningDehorning
Removal of the Removal of the horns.horns.
Gestation PeriodGestation Period
285 Days285 Days
RuminantRuminant
1 Stomach1 Stomach 4 Compartments4 Compartments Parts:Parts: 1. Rumen1. Rumen 2. Reticulum2. Reticulum 3. Omasum3. Omasum 4. Abomasum4. Abomasum
Closed HerdClosed Herd
Herd in which no Herd in which no outside breeding outside breeding stock are stock are introduced.introduced.
DystociaDystocia
Abnormal or Abnormal or difficult labor difficult labor causing difficulty causing difficulty in delivering the in delivering the fetus.fetus.
Calving SeasonCalving Season
Season of the Season of the year when year when calves are born.calves are born.
Embryo TransferEmbryo Transfer
Removing Removing fertilized eggs fertilized eggs from 1 donor from 1 donor cow and placing cow and placing them in a host them in a host cow.cow.
Calf CropCalf Crop
Number or Number or percentage of percentage of calves produced calves produced within a herd in within a herd in a given year a given year relative to the relative to the number of cows. number of cows.
ParturitionParturition
Act of giving Act of giving birth; calving.birth; calving.
Ear TagEar Tag
Method of Method of identification by identification by attaching a tag attaching a tag to the ear.to the ear.
Half-SibsHalf-Sibs
Cattle sharing Cattle sharing the same sire the same sire but different but different dams.dams.
Half brother or Half brother or sistersister
Double MusclingDouble Muscling
Enlargement of Enlargement of the muscles with the muscles with large grooves large grooves between the between the muscle.muscle.
Cow-Calf SystemCow-Calf System
Cows raise the Cows raise the calves to calves to weaning age. weaning age. Those calves are Those calves are sold to other sold to other growers.growers.
Back Grounding SystemBack Grounding System
Calf is placed on Calf is placed on feed from feed from weaning to the weaning to the feedlot.feedlot.
Finishing SystemFinishing System
Cattle are placed Cattle are placed on feed at the on feed at the feedlot until they feedlot until they weigh 1,100-weigh 1,100-1300lbs1300lbs
RationRation
Amount of feed Amount of feed needed for a 24 needed for a 24 hour period. hour period. Enough feed for Enough feed for weight gainweight gain
Breeds Group WebquestBreeds Group Webquest
1.1. 2 people will work to present on a 2 people will work to present on a breed of beef cattle.breed of beef cattle.
2.2. Each group will create a 10 Slide Each group will create a 10 Slide Presentation.Presentation.
Cattle BreedsCattle Breeds CharolaisCharolais BeefmasterBeefmaster ChianinaChianina Belgian BlueBelgian Blue AngusAngus MarchigianaMarchigiana HerefordHereford RomagnolaRomagnola TarentaiseTarentaise SalersSalers LimousinLimousin Red AngusRed Angus BrahmanBrahman SimmentalSimmental Maine AnjouMaine Anjou Texas LonghornTexas Longhorn PiedmontesePiedmontese WagyuWagyu Red PollRed Poll GelbviehGelbvieh Santa GertrudisSanta Gertrudis Florida CrackerFlorida Cracker ShorthornShorthorn GallowayGalloway