BCBA.exam... Exam A QUESTION 1 Gradually transferring stimulus control from prompts to other...

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BCBA

Board Certified Behavior Analyst


Exam A

QUESTION 1Gradually transferring stimulus control from prompts to other discriminative stimuli is a process called __________________.


A. Shaping

B. Modeling

C. Maintenance

D. Fading

Correct Answer: ASection: (none)Explanation

Explanation/Reference:

QUESTION 2Requiring a student who disrupts the class by throwing papers and tipping over chairs to clean the mess up and then clean the rest of the room by sweeping andcleaning desktops is a(n) __________________ procedure.

A. Negative reinforcement

B. Negative punishment

C. Positive punishment

D. Extinction

Correct Answer: CSection: (none)Explanation



QUESTION 3The specific, or technical, name for the type of procedure used in the above question is:

A. Restitution

B. Stimulus shaping

C. Over-correction

D. Corporal punishment



QUESTION 4Teaching a child to match printed words to pictures, then pictures to the actual objects, and then testing to determine if the child can now match printed words to theactual objects is known as:

A. PECS

B. Discrete trial training

C. Verbal behavior training

D. Stimulus equivalence

Correct Answer: DSection: (none)Explanation


QUESTION 5Placing a request that a child is least likely to perform at the end of a series of requests that the child is most likely to perform is a phenomenon known as:

A. The Premack principle

B. High-probability request sequence

C. Errorless learning

D. Mediated transfer




QUESTION 6Alternative appropriate behaviors that serve the same function for an individual:


A. Always involve skills the individual already possesses

B. Produces the same reinforcer for the individual

C. Have the same topography as the problem behavior

D. Always requires the same amount of response effort as the problem behavior

Correct Answer: BSection: (none)Explanation


QUESTION 7A __________________ is derived from a descriptive analysis.

A. Hypothesis

B. Statement of causation

C. Data-driven conclusion

D. Hypotenuse




QUESTION 8When an observer notes everything the client does or says as well as events before and after the episode of behavior, he or she is using:

A. Duration recording

B. Permanent product recording

C. ABC recording

D. Time sampling



QUESTION 9A good behavior analyst always does what before authoring a behavior intervention?

A. Functional analysis

B. Momentary time sampling

C. Direct observation

D. Implements the least aversive, most effective punisher



QUESTION 10What are the three elements of informed consent?

A. No coercion, approval, voluntariness

B. Capacity, age, voluntariness


C. Informed, age, voluntariness

D. Capacity, informed, voluntariness



QUESTION 11Behavior analytic interventions that are effective in changing an individual’s behavior in a socially important way are said to have:


A. Parsimony

B. Social validity

C. Primary importance

D. Interobserver reliability



QUESTION 12Which of the following would not be a type of function of behavior identified during a functional assessment?

A. Attention

B. Escape

C. Frustration

D. Access to tangibles




QUESTION 13Results of a functional assessment reveal that a child engages in hand-biting when she is in a room by herself. The likely function of behavior is:

A. Attention

B. Access to tangibles

C. Escape/avoidance

D. Automatic reinforcement



QUESTION 14You are working with a child on teaching swimming. You teach the child to do the front crawl. After a few weeks of teaching, the child is doing both the front crawland also starts doing the breast stroke. What has occurred?

A. Stimulus generalization

B. Response generalization

C. Failure to generalize

D. Maintenance



QUESTION 15


Which schedule of reinforcement is most effective at maintaining behaviors?

A. Continuous reinforcement

B. Intermittent reinforcement

C. Extinction

D. Ratio



QUESTION 16You are teaching David to clean the workshop to prepare him for working on the cleaning crew. Read the descriptions below and identify which is LEAST likely topromote generalization of the workshop cleaning skills to real-life cleaning jobs.

A. Make the workshop as much like a real cleaning situation as possible

B. Transition to variable, delayed reinforcement

C. Teach David to use a checklist, which could be used on the cleaning crew

D. Make the workshop distinctive from the cleaning crew and then gradually make it more like it



QUESTION 17You are working with a client who finds physical touch to be aversive. When the person is off task, the program calls for you to give a warning by counting to 10; atthat point, you gently touch him if he is not back on task. The touch remains until he returns to task. Please note that being touched is aversive for this particularindividual. If the person gets back on task during counting, this is an example of:

A. Escape

B. Avoidance

C. Positive reinforcement

D. Stimulus fading




QUESTION 18If the person gets back on task when he is touched, this is an example of:

A. Escape

B. Avoidance

C. Positive reinforcement

D. Stimulus fading



QUESTION 19Staff alerts you that one of their clients seems to become aggressive when he has not consumed food for several hours. This phenomenon demonstrates the effectof a(n):

A. Discriminative stimulus

B. Conditioned stimulus

C. Establishing operation

D. Negative reinforcer




QUESTION 20A child is exhibiting tantrum behaviors. You believe the tantrum is occurring for your attention. You therefore ignore the tantrum until it ceases while continuingdaily activities. You note that the tantrums decrease over time. This is an example of:


A. Positive punishment

B. Establishing operations

C. Time-out

D. Extinction



QUESTION 21Tokens are generally referred to as:

A. Conditioned reinforcers

B. Generalized conditioned reinforcers

C. Negative reinforcers

D. SDs



QUESTION 22In self-control, where does the ultimate control lie? (Or, why is self-control a misnomer?)


A. With the self

B. The choice of the person

C. In the environment

D. With a contract manager



QUESTION 23Select the best staff training package:

A. Staff are given a book on behavior analysis and asked to read it; comprehension tests are given after each chapter

B. Staff are given explanation of the procedures, then a weekly feedback system is implemented to sharpen their skills

C. Explanations of each procedure are given to the staff, then the supervisor demonstrates the procedures; staff are given opportunities to practice the skills withfeedback from supervisors

D. The supervisor conducts role playing sessions with the staff with weekly feedback provided for performance



QUESTION 24You are designing a treatment program for Susan. Before getting into details, you wish to identify some ultimate outcomes towards which Susan will progress. Which of the following is NOT an appropriate ultimate outcome for Susan?

A. The variety and diversity of events in Susan’s life

B. Susan’s access to reinforcers in the community

C. The range of interpersonal interactions with others

D. The convenience of staff with whom Susan works

Correct Answer: D


Section: (none)Explanation


QUESTION 25Non-contingent reinforcement is this type of intervention:

A. Antecedent intervention

B. Consequent intervention

C. Punishment strategy

D. Behavioral momentum intervention



QUESTION 26A teacher uses a group contingency with her students. She states the following rule: “If everyone gets 100% on their spelling test the week, I will turn cartwheelsdown the hall for you.” What type of group contingency is this?

A. This is not a group contingency

B. Independent group contingency

C. Interdependent group contingency

D. Dependent group contingency



QUESTION 27A teacher says: “Everyone, you have math homework tonight. Tomorrow, I will draw a name from a hat. If that person has completed his or her homework and


remembered to bring it back to school, everyone will get extra recess.” What type of group contingency is this?

A. This is not a group contingency

B. Independent group contingency

C. Interdependent group contingency

D. Dependent group contingency



QUESTION 28Self-management is best defined as the:

A. Personal application of behavior change tactics that produces a desired change in behavior

B. Personal application of behavior change tactics that produces an increase in a desired behavior

C. Personal application of behavior change tactics that produces an decrease in a desired behavior

D. Application of behavior change tactics that causes changes to a particular behavior



QUESTION 29A study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of time-out for physical aggression. The time-out procedure would be considered the:

A. baseline measure.

B. dependent variable.

C. independent variable.

D. response measure.

Correct Answer: C




QUESTION 30When conducting an analogue functional analysis, the condition commonly used as a control is the:

A. home condition.

B. play condition.

C. social attention condition.

D. demand condition.



QUESTION 31Which method is the BEST to use when presenting categorical data from a functional analysis?


A. a bar graph

B. anecdotal report

C. scatter plot

D. standard celeration chart




QUESTION 32What is the next step in the assessment process if data from the functional analysis do NOT support the original hypothesis?

A. Base the intervention on the original hypothesis and re-assess after a time lapse.

B. Design a package intervention to address all possible functions of the behavior.

C. Continue to conduct the functional assessment until the data coincides with the original hypothesis.

D. Alter the hypothesis regarding the maintaining variable of the behavior based on the results of the functional assessment.



QUESTION 33When developing a task analysis, a behavior analyst would first:

A. assess the mastery level of the individual.

B. conduct a functional assessment of the target skills.

C. determine the necessary component steps.

D. observe the individual to collect baseline data.



QUESTION 34In general, when a behavior analyst is asked to help someone make friends, the behavior analyst should:

A. avoid interfering in interpersonal relationships.

B. refer the person to a counselor, social worker, or other professional.

C. evaluate the current social repertoire.


D. set up a social skills training program.



QUESTION 35Holly is learning to use a spoon to feed herself. Applesauce is known to function as a reinforcer. Her teacher has selected the following objective for Holly: "Given aspoon and a 3-ounce dish of applesauce, Holly will independently scoop the applesauce to her mouth." This objective is incomplete. Which component is missing?

A. antecedent stimulus

B. consequence condition

C. prerequisite skill criteria

D. standard of performance



QUESTION 36Speed, magnitude, durability and generality of effect are some of the MOST important

A. dimensions of behavior that lend themselves to quantification more readily than others.

B. variables that are overlooked by other social sciences in solving problems.

C. variables to consider when selecting reinforcers and punishers.

D. components of treatment packages used in treating the most severe behavior problems.




QUESTION 37Jim's teacher has taught him to say, "Hello, how are you?" and when he does this, she delivers praise. Now Jim says this whenever he meets anyone, and somepeople say,

"Fine, how are you?" What is the natural consequence for Jim's behavior?

A. increased number of friends

B. continuous reinforcement

C. improved social repertoire for Jim

D. the responses of the people he meets



QUESTION 38When shopping with her dad, Sally knocks items off the shelf, especially canned goods. The cans make a loud noise when they hit the floor. Her dad decides toteach her an alternative behavior.

What alternative behavior is the BEST choice to teach?

A. Sally pushes the shopping cart with both hands.

B. Sally drops items into the cart when her dad gives them to her.

C. Sally keeps her hands in her pockets while in the store.

D. Sally holds dad's hand while shopping and gets to let go when quiet.



QUESTION 39When setting criteria for behavior change, behavior analysts attempt to implement the simplest mode of intervention necessary to elicit the desired outcome. Assuch, the identified outcome criteria should be


A. applied to ecological assessments to generalize skills.

B. developed prior to the identified intervention.

C. initially broad in focus with subsequent reduction to a target response.

D. measured independent of practice effects or reactivity.



QUESTION 40Jamie and Morgan have similar behavior challenges and similar daily schedules. A behavior analyst has spent extensive time and effort on developing andimplementing Morgan's plan, which is proving to be very successful. How should the behavior analyst proceed with developing a treatment plan for Jamie?

A. Because the behaviors are topographically similar, implementing the plan designed for Morgan would be appropriate as it is the least restrictive option.

B. Complete a separate functional assessment and plan for Jamie.

C. Use the same plan for both, just ensure the ecological variables correspond to the student.

D. Do a separate functional analysis, but the same behavior supports can be applied to both students.



QUESTION 41The use of a withdrawal design is LEAST appropriate when:

A. evaluating an intervention for severe problem behavior.

B. evaluating the effects of an intervention for behavior that has multiple functions.

C. extraneous variables cannot be controlled.

D. multiple participants are being evaluated.

Correct Answer: A




QUESTION 42The BEST definition for mouthing behavior would be any instance of Luke.

A. placing his mouth on any object for at least 5 seconds.

B. placing his open mouth on a non-nutritive object or placing a non-nutritive object in his mouth.

C. making contact with his mouth to any non-nutritive object.

D. mouthing a non-nutritive item for 3 or more consecutive instances within a 30 second interval.



QUESTION 43Susan recorded data on a student's fidgeting behavior in the following way: She divided a 10-minute recording period into 10-second intervals and recorded in eachinterval a "+" if the target behavior occurred at least once. The percentage of intervals of target behavior occurrence was about 45%. The data resulting are mostlikely to be an

A. accurate measure of inter-response times.

B. inaccurate measure of inter-response times.

C. overestimate of the occurrence of the behavior.

D. underestimate of the occurrence of the behavior.



QUESTION 44


A major benefit of product recording is that:

A. it is the easiest recording method.

B. it is used when a behavior results in a certain tangible outcome.

C. the observer does not have to be present when the behavior occurs.

D. one can always determine who engaged in the behavior that led to the product that was recorded.



QUESTION 45Observation sessions should be scheduled so that the representativeness of the data can be maximized. Considering behaviors occurring in a school setting, whichof the following options is consistent with this recommendation?


A. Behaviors are given letter-codes that represent the complete topographical definition of the behaviors, e.g., “on-task academic behavior” is represented by “O”on the recording sheet.

B. Observations should be made only when the behavior is likely to occur most frequently during a day, for instance, during a particular academic class.

C. Recordings of behavior during the whole school day may be needed initially to assess the representativeness of samples within the day.

D. Representativeness can be assured by scheduling observations in sessions of 60 minutes or more in the morning and afternoon school schedule.



QUESTION 46Frequency would be the MOST appropriate measure for which scenario?


A. The behavior analyst wants to reduce the number of times Jack hits Jill.

B. Jack wants his employees to increase the number of kits made in one hour.

C. Jack's parents want him to reduce his persistent hand flapping.

D. Jill wants to increase her son's compliance with room-cleaning requests.



QUESTION 47What is the MOST important measure of behavior when the goal is to decrease the number of cigarettes smoked per day?

A. duration per cigarette

B. inter-response time

C. percentage

D. rate



QUESTION 48For which of the following would it be appropriate to measure duration?

A. Amy responds very slowly to instructions during her discrete trials teaching sessions.

B. Ethan leaves his work station and wanders around the building.

C. Sarah takes so long to begin her math assignments in class that she is never able to finish on time.

D. Ryan is trying to increase the speed of his typing at the computer keyboard.

Correct Answer: BSection: (none)


Explanation


QUESTION 49Although tests have confirmed that Matthew is not deaf, his mother is worried because Matthew is very slow to respond when she calls to him. Frequently, she hasto resort to touching him before he looks at her. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate for measuring Matthew looking when called?

A. latency

B. frequency

C. inter-response time

D. duration



QUESTION 50When determining the specified time interval to prescribe at the start of a DRO intervention, which of the following dimensions of the target behavior is MOSTrelevant?

A. latency

B. frequency

C. duration

D. inter-response time



QUESTION 51Tony is supervising a work crew at the post office. Every day, his clients are supposed to check each waste bin and empty those that contain trash. Tony takes dataon the number of waste bins emptied by the crew. In order to report data in terms of percentage of occurrence Tony MUST also know:


A. that some waste bins contained trash.

B. how many waste bins contained trash.

C. how many waste bins were in the office.

D. This behavior is not amenable to percent of occurrence reporting.



QUESTION 52Trials to criterion refers to a measure of

A. fluency.

B. performance.

C. rate of correct responding.

D. interobserver agreement.



QUESTION 53The rehabilitation therapist wants to determine if the sensory integration sessions are helping to reduce Ed's hand-slapping. What is the BEST method for recordingmomentary time-sampling data?

A. Fifteen-minute observation periods are divided into 3-minute intervals. Staff then record whether or not hand-slapping is occurring at the end of each 3-minuteinterval.

B. Twenty-minute observation periods are divided into 10-minute intervals. Staff then record whether or not hand-slapping is occurring during each 10-minuteinterval.

C. Thirty-minute observation periods are divided into 2-minute intervals. Staff then record whether or not hand-slapping occurs at any moment during each 2-minute interval.

D. One-hour observation periods are divided into 10-minute intervals. Staff then record whether or not hand-slapping occurs at all during each 10-minute interval.




QUESTION 54A behavior analyst is conducting research on the accuracy of a student's responding to written math problems based on the final answer with no scoring ofintermediate calculations. Which is the BEST method for obtaining accurate inter-observer agreement results?

A. Researcher and observer sit together to score the student's work.

B. Photocopies of the student's work are scored independently by researcher and observer.

C. The student's scratch paper is scored if researcher and observer do not agree on a response.

D. Researcher scores the student's work and the observer reviews the researcher's scores for accuracy.



QUESTION 55A teacher is tracking the performance of both math and spelling assignments for each of her 25 students. For feedback purposes, she wishes to display eachstudent's percent correct for both areas using a line graph. What would be the MOST effective and efficient way to accomplish this?

A. Prepare a large graph for spelling and a similar one for math and place on the graphs the average data for the entire class in the two content areas.

B. Prepare a separate graph for each student and, using a unique symbol for each content area, record the data and connect the similar symbols to create datapath lines.

C. Prepare a single large graph and display each student's data for the spelling and math areas using unique symbols for each student and for each content area.

D. Prepare two graphs for each student, one for spelling and one for math, because there is no appropriate method for reporting these two content areas togetheron the same graph.




QUESTION 56Which characteristic of the response measure shown in this graph changed from baseline during the intervention phase?

A. level

B. trend

C. rate

D. variability



QUESTION 57Wilma argues with her coworker, who shares the same workstation. Even though Wilma and her coworker can articulate the workplace rules, repeated instructionsto cease this behavior have gone unheeded and they are becoming enemies. What would be the MOST appropriate antecedent-based solution?

A. Instruct the coworker to stay away from Wilma.

B. Give Wilma breaks away from her coworker whenever arguments begin.

C. Assign Wilma to a different workstation.

D. Place signs in the workstations identifying appropriate workplace behavior.



QUESTION 58To definitively identify effective reinforcers for an individual, it is necessary to:



A. complete a reinforcer assessment.

B. complete a preference assessment.

C. ascertain what reinforcers the individual has access to.

D. interview people who know the individual well.



QUESTION 59Once a stimulus has been determined to function as a reinforcer in a particular contingency, which of the following is likely to be true?

A. The reinforcer should be adjusted to vary during the observation period.

B. The reinforcer should be used with others in the immediate environment.

C. The effect of the reinforcer may strengthen with relevant deprivation.

D. The effect of the reinforcer will weaken if a variable interval schedule is used.



QUESTION 60The reinforcement schedule that produces a high steady rate of responding is:

A. FI.

B. FR.


C. VI.

D. VR.



QUESTION 61A punishment contingency is LEAST likely to produce which effect?

A. Undesirable emotions may result.

B. Aggressive or violent behavior may be evoked.

C. A more appropriate replacement behavior may develop.

D. The person delivering the punisher may become an aversive stimulus.



QUESTION 62An extinction procedure involves:

A. withholding all reinforcement.

B. withholding the maintaining reinforcer after the occurrence of the target behavior.

C. removing all attention from the client when the target behavior occurs.

D. removing the SD for the target behavior.




QUESTION 63Unwanted side-effects associated with the use of an extinction procedure are MOST likely to appear:

A. immediately after the extinction burst.

B. after the individual realizes that the procedure will be implemented consistently.

C. when ratio schedules are increased too rapidly.

D. shortly after the procedure is first implemented.



QUESTION 64If a client exhibits problem behaviors throughout the day and evenings regardless of what is going on in the environment and what activities he/she is participatingin, which would be the BEST way to reduce the high frequency and increase latency?

A. Use a differential reinforcement procedure for the absence of problem behaviors for an amount of time with a high magnitude reinforcer as a reward.

B. Use a high magnitude punishment procedure every time he/she exhibits the problem behavior.

C. Use a low magnitude punishment procedure every time he/she exhibits the problem behavior.

D. Use a fixed ratio reinforcer every time he/she exhibits appropriate behavior.



QUESTION 65In order to replace a behavior targeted for change with a behavior that topographically does not resemble the target behavior, which differential reinforcementprocedure would be BEST?

A. DRO

B. DRH

C. DRI


D. DRL



QUESTION 66For which scenario would discrimination training be an appropriate behavior change strategy?

A. Nathan hits others during math class but not during other classes.

B. Peter loves to talk to his peers, which is very disruptive during church.

C. Suzi refuses to eat dinner, but she does eat breakfast and lunch.

D. Tabitha gloats when she wins a game and pouts when she loses.



QUESTION 67To facilitate errorless learning, begin with.

A. backward chaining.

B. fading stimulus prompts.

C. forward chaining.

D. response prompts.




QUESTION 68Teaching a student a self-talk strategy consisting of, "After I use the toilet, I must flush." is an example of.

A. contingency shaped behavior.

B. direct instruction.

C. imitative instruction.

D. rule-governed behavior.



QUESTION 69Imitation training can be made MOST beneficial for clients when it includes a range of.

A. models.

B. prompts.

C. reinforcers.

D. settings.



QUESTION 70Reinforcing closer and closer approximations to the final desired behavior involves:

A. chaining.

B. differential reinforcement.

C. precision teaching.

D. response fading.




QUESTION 71To teach Beth to wash her hands, staff trained Beth in all the steps identified in the task analysis in each session. They also introduced prompts in successive levelsif Beth did not respond after a two-second waiting period. Which behavior chaining procedure was used in this program?

A. backward

B. forward

C. global

D. total task



QUESTION 72A teacher gives a student a piece of paper and asks him to draw a picture. To request a crayon, the student looks at the teacher and says, "Crayon." In response tothis, the teacher replies, "Say, 'Crayon please'." The student complies with the request and the teacher gives them a crayon. This exchange is an example of.


A. coincidental teaching.

B. incidental teaching.

C. precision teaching.

D. vicarious teaching.

Correct Answer: B




QUESTION 73When using direct instruction programs, teachers are often signaling students to respond in unison and moving through the tasks at a brisk pace so that they can:

A. group students and build fluency.

B. identify errors and build fluency.

C. group students and identify errors.

D. maintain speed and finish lessons.



QUESTION 74Instruction that focuses on speed and accuracy of responding can BEST be described as promoting.

A. frequency.

B. mastery.

C. fluency.

D. precision.



QUESTION 75To increase the likelihood of beginning a difficult task:


A. arrange a reinforcer for its completion.

B. do several easy tasks first.

C. arrange for periodic reminders.

D. establish a deadline for completion.



QUESTION 76The matching law states that when responding is reinforced on concurrent VI-20 and VI-50 schedules, the:

A. number of responses will match the number of reinforcers obtained.

B. proportion of responses for each alternative will become equal over time.

C. organism will respond exclusively to the alternative with the highest rate of reinforcement.

D. proportion of responses across the two alternatives will equal the proportion of reinforcers obtained for those alternatives.



QUESTION 77In order to evoke a mand for "cookie," the behavior analyst should.

A. give the child a cookie.

B. deprive the child of cookies.

C. show the child a picture of a cookie.

D. say "cookie" and praise repeating the word.




QUESTION 78A client with a history of escape maintained problem behavior begins to throw the puzzle pieces a few minutes after starting to work on the task. What is the BESTprogrammatic change for the behavior analyst to make?

A. Remove the puzzle and implement a time-out procedure.

B. Teach the client to request escape using an adaptive behavior.

C. Implement an overcorrection procedure to reduce puzzle piece throwing.

D. Increase the amount of social praise delivered for successful task completion.



QUESTION 79Clifford's lawn work is steady and up to standard as long as his work is verbally praised approximately every twelfth completed mower circuit. However, at times thecrew chief is unable to praise his work at that moment. When praise is not forthcoming, Clifford usually stops working. The best way to facilitate maintenance andgeneralization of Clifford's work, using a self-management technique, would be to:

A. have fellow workers provide praise when Clifford stops working.

B. have the crew chief use a variable schedule of reinforcement.

C. increase the delay in reinforcement until the afternoon.

D. teach Clifford how to request reinforcement for the target behavior.



QUESTION 80Which is the BEST example of stimulus generalization?


A. Bonnie learned to choose and wear coordinated outfits but after one month she would only select red outfits.

B. Jim was taught to say "hello" and continues to say "hello" to his trainer.

C. Ricky became more productive in math and simultaneously his reading improved.

D. Tim learned to ask for help from his teacher and now can ask a fellow student for help.



QUESTION 81All of the following are appropriate methods for promoting maintenance and generalization of newly trained behaviors EXCEPT:

A. gradually adding stimuli from the natural environment into the training setting.

B. gradually altering the training antecedents to match naturally occurring ones.

C. training others to reinforce the behavior in the natural setting.

D. varying cues in the natural environment to match those in the training setting.



QUESTION 82One of the basic requirements for staff training is that the:

A. completion of training should be based on the demonstrated competency of the staff.

B. skills should be measured only upon the completion of training.

C. training should be accomplished by observation followed by a question-and-answer session.

D. underlying competency-based principles should be taught.




QUESTION 83Steve is a behavior analyst working with staff members who are not implementing programs on a consistent basis. Staff report that the heavy workload interfereswith their ability to run the programs consistently. What should Steve do FIRST to address this problem?

A. Go to the direct supervisor and request that an incentive system be implemented for all staff.

B. Begin to assess the staff's daily routine in order to identify any time conflicts that might exist.

C. Revise the daily work schedules and routines, with the assistance of the supervisor, so that potential time conflicts can be avoided.

D. Implement additional training for staff that are not able to perform to criterion.



QUESTION 84As part of evaluating procedural integrity on a school based program, it is important for the behavior analyst to assess the quality of data collected by a teacher.

The BEST method is for the behavior analyst to?


A. take data on student performance simultaneously with the teacher.

B. compare student's self-graphed data to data collected by the teacher.

C. compare data collected at the same time by the teacher and another teacher.

D. compare her/his observation of a student's performance with data collected by the teacher from an earlier training session with the student.




QUESTION 85A married couple wants a behavior analyst to assist them in creating a happier home life for their family. The behavior analyst should.

A. provide counseling to the couple related to the problems that they identify as most important.

B. refer the family to another professional, since this type of issue is not amenable to applied behavior analysis.

C. set up contracts between the parents and children that require the parents to reinforce appropriate behavior using things that the children identify as important tothem.

D. explain how behavior analysis could be used to assist the family so that they can make an informed decision about proceeding.



QUESTION 86Adherence to "procedural integrity" promotes generalization by facilitating.

A. normalization.

B. ethical treatment of consumers.

C. consistency of instruction.

D. spontaneous changes in intervention procedures.



QUESTION 87Having obtained appropriate consent, a behavior analyst wishes to communicate data to non-behavior analyst colleagues and family of the client. The mostappropriate presentation strategy is:


A. standard celeration charts.

B. short video clips of client performance and line graphs.

C. bar graphs comparing client performance to performance of peers.

D. short video clips with a written anecdotal report.



QUESTION 88The decision to develop and implement a behavior intervention plan is not made unless:

A. the behavior has the potential to cause harm.

B. data show the need for behavior change exists.

C. the interdisciplinary team has determined that it is necessary.

D. staff who will implement the procedures have demonstrated proficiency.



QUESTION 89Sammy is having a difficult time completing his independent math worksheet on two-digit division. He is frustrated and doesn't understand how to solve theequations.

Sammy raises his hand and asks for "help." The teacher assists Sammy. Sammy's asking for "help" is?

A. receptive language.

B. an intraverbal.

C. an autoclitic.

D. a mand.

Correct Answer: D




QUESTION 90A behavioral assessment indicates that the problem behavior of a young woman is maintained by others bringing things to her or taking things away followingoccurrence of the behavior. Since the behavior results in physical injury, the decision to decrease its occurrence has been made. Which is the BEST generalapproach?

A. Determine a potential punisher and deliver it following every occurrence of the behavior, but do not provide or remove other things following the occurrence.

B. Prevent the behavior by physically blocking each response.

C. Stop providing or removing things following the behavior and allow it to undergo extinction.

D. Use protective equipment that prevents injury and establish a replacement behavior that results in things being provided to or removed from the woman.



QUESTION 91A behavior analyst responsible for the evaluation of a behavior change program has been unable to get others to collect data on the targeted behaviors. The othersinvolved, including other service providers, are relying on personal anecdotes and questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. The primaryconsumer reports satisfaction with the results so far. To evaluate the program, the behavior analyst should:

A. check the reliability from the questionnaire's information.

B. conduct formal interviews to supplement the available information.

C. obtain data on the targeted behaviors.

D. use available information only.




QUESTION 92Marvell is working on a new case with a student who refuses to attend school. Before deciding on a treatment plan, Marvell schedules interviews and observationsessions. This is an example of which assumption of behavior analysis?

A. determinism

B. empiricism

C. skepticism

D. parsimony



QUESTION 93The behavior analyst reviews Sandra's data and concludes that her behavior is spontaneous; that is, it occurs randomly, and not as a result of any other event(s).

Which of the assumptions underlying behavior analysis has been violated in this interpretation?

A. determinism

B. empiricism

C. philosophic doubt

D. parsimony



QUESTION 94Which of the following is most likely an example of reinforcing consequences?

A. A company gives an annual bonus to its employees. Employees are happy.

B. Law enforcement officer gives a ticket to a speeder. Driver stops speeding.

C. Child loses a sticker each time they talk out in class. Rates of talking out decrease.


D. Student is sent to detention for fighting. Student is found in detention every week.



QUESTION 95Behavior that can be directly observed only by the person behaving is called.

A. covert behavior.

B. overt behavior.

C. operant behavior.

D. respondent behavior.



QUESTION 96A behavior analyst decides to replicate a published research project but finds that the information provided does not allow them to complete the project withoutmore information from the author. The article violates which dimension of applied behavior analysis?

A. effective

B. ethical

C. conceptually systematic

D. technological




QUESTION 97Three boys with autism, ages 7–10 years old, served as participants in a study. During baseline, staff used response blocking when five instances of aggression orhead-banging occurred within 10 seconds, until attempts ceased for 1 minute. During baseline and treatment, each occurrence of aggression and head-bangingwas recorded daily and converted to the number of responses per hour. Treatment comprised a differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI) schedulecoupled with response blocking after every head-banging or aggression. The staff initially applied the treatment to head-banging, while continuing to take a baselineon aggression.

After noting treatment effects on head-banging, the staff then applied the treatment to aggression. In this scenario, how was direct replication shown?


A. Baseline and intervention conditions were included.

B. A baseline condition was implemented.

C. A changing criterion design was used wherein the criterion for reinforcement was gradually changed over time.

D. The intervention was implemented in a staggered fashion across target behaviors after the initial baseline.



QUESTION 98When Susan attempts to escape from a task, she exhibits several behaviors, including hitting her head, stomping her feet, and crying. This is an example of a.

A. functional response class.

B. respondent class.

C. stimulus class.

D. topographical response class.

Correct Answer: ASection: (none)


Explanation


QUESTION 99Joe describes himself as being addicted to video games. He is told that if he does not complete his chores, he will lose access to his computer. On Monday, herefuses to complete his chores and he loses access to his computer for 2 days. From Tuesday on, Joe's refusals cease. The change in Joe's behavior is MOSTlikely to be the result of.

A. an aversive procedure.

B. negative punishment.

C. compliance training.

D. contingency contracting.



QUESTION 100Which of the following could NOT function as an unconditioned punisher?

A. a bitter taste

B. social disapproval

C. excessive stimulation

D. physical restraint



BCBA.exam... Exam A QUESTION 1 Gradually transferring stimulus control from prompts to other...

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