BC Science Connections 9 Unit 1: The continuity of life ...BC Science Connections 9 Unit 1: The...
Transcript of BC Science Connections 9 Unit 1: The continuity of life ...BC Science Connections 9 Unit 1: The...
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BC Science Connections 9
Unit 1: The continuity of life depends on cells being derived from cells
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Topic 1.1: Why is the reproduction of cells important?
• Reproduction ensures that life exists beyond its present generation
• Reproduction transfers genetic information from parents to offspring
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Concept 1: Reproduction ensures that life exists beyond its present generation.
Kwantlen First Nation (Fort Langley): First Foods Ceremony
• Welcomes the return of salmon during the start of the salmon run
• Honours promise to renew and replenish the spirit and flesh
Figure 1.1
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Reproduction and Sustainability
• Sustainability: Ability of the environment and living things it supports to endure into the future
• Reproduction: Ensures organisms have a source of nutrients and energy to sustain life processes
• Sustainability of living things depends on reproduction
Figure 1.2: The Western
Painted Turtle is found on B.C.’s
southwest coast, where it is
endangered.
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Reproduction and Continuity
Cell Theory (Review): All cells come from pre-existing cells
• All cells are formed by reproduction
Continuity: How each species of organism continues to exist over time
• Species can only exist in the future if they reproduce (produce offspring)
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Discussion Questions
1. What does the word continuity mean in terms of reproduction?
2. How are these three terms related: reproduction, sustainability, continuity?
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Concept 2: Reproduction transfers genetic information from parents to offspring.
There are several different strategies for reproduction.
• A) Flowers: Colours and scents attract animals to transfer pollen
• B) Animals: Courtship rituals enable individuals to find mates
• C) Bacteria: Reproduce on their own by dividing in two
Figure 1.3: Examples of different
strategies for reproduction
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Two Basic Types of Reproduction: Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
A) Asexual reproduction:
• Requires only one parent
• Produces genetically identical offspring
B) Sexual reproduction:
• Requires two parents
• Produces genetically different offspring
Figure 1.4: A) Asexual reproduction
and B) Sexual reproduction.
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Two Basic Types of Reproduction: Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (continued)
Both asexual and sexual reproduction:
• Genetic information is passed onto offspring
• Information is contained in DNA (the “molecule of life”)
Figure 1.5: DNA
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DNA: An Organism’s Genetic Material
DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Stores the genetic information of an organism
• Genetic information determines how an organism looks, functions, and behaves
Figure 1.5: An
organism’s genetic
information is
encoded in its DNA
sequence.
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DNA: Structure and Function
Structure of DNA:
• Two long strands shaped like a twisted ladder
• Consists of many copies of four different chemical building blocks called nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), guanine (G)
• DNA sequence: The specific order of nucleotides; the “code” that holds the genetic information
Figure 1.5: DNA
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DNA: Structure and Function (continued)
Function of DNA:
• Stores the genetic information of an organism
• An organism’s DNA is stored in each of its cells
• DNA molecules coil and compact into a condensed form called chromatin to fit into the cells
• Just before reproduction: DNA condenses further into structures called chromosomes
• During reproduction: Copies of chromosomes (and therefore DNA) are transferred to the offspring
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Discussion Questions
1. What is the function of DNA?
2. How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction?
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Topic 1.1 Summary: Why is the reproduction of cells important?
• Reproduction ensures that life exists beyond its present generation
• Reproduction transfers genetic information from parents to offspring
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