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Women EMPOWERMENT (WALK TO EQUALITY)
-------- KEY TO SUCCESS OF INDIA
• “Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status”
Type of worker
Occupational Distribution (%)
Women Men
Professional 7 7
Sales 4 14
Service 7 5
Production 22 37
Agricultural 59 33
Other 2 4
Key Problems :-
51
48
38
33
4
Market
Health facility
Places outside …
All three places
None of the three …
•Freedom to choose
partners for marriage
•Daughters were not
considered as
liability or
unwelcomed guest in
the family
•Widow marriages
were permissible
•Freedom to choose
partners for marriage
•Daughters were not
considered as
liability or
unwelcomed guest in
the family
•Widow marriages
were permissible
Sta
tus
of
wo
me
n
Vedic period(1500-1000 BC)
Vedic period(1500-1000 BC)
•Women had
Subjugated status
• But gave the
message that
respectable wife is
one who humbles
herself vis-à-vis her
husband
•Women had
Subjugated status
• But gave the
message that
respectable wife is
one who humbles
herself vis-à-vis her
husband
Period of epics
(1000-500 BC)
Period of epics
(1000-500 BC)
•Did not deserve
the freedom at any
point of time in her
life
•Not marring a girl
before the age of 14
years was a sin
•Did not deserve
the freedom at any
point of time in her
life
•Not marring a girl
before the age of 14
years was a sin
Age of Manushatra(500 – 200 BC)
Age of Manushatra(500 – 200 BC)
05-09-2013 10
Maitreyi, Gargi
Philosophers &
women seers
Reflecting into the “Vedas purana” of Indian culture, woman is being
worshiped such as LAXMI MAA, goddess of wealth; SARASWATI MAA,
for wisdom; DURGA MAA, for power.
The status of women in India, particularly in rural areas needs to address
the issue of empowering women.
Ironically, women have not actively participated in their own
emancipation mainly due to low economic independence.
With their age, they have been raped, kicked, killed, subdued &
humiliated almost daily.
Only 10% seats in world’s parliament & 6% in national cabinets are
held by them.
The process of empowering the women
Four of the main processes that could lead to women's empowerment, as defined by the IFAD evaluation, were:
• changes in women's mobility and social interaction
• changes in women's labor patterns
• changes in women's access to and control over resources
• changes in women's control over decision-making.
Women Empowerment Program
• Society for Human Development (SHD) carries out women empowerment program, and its implemented at 2 levels…..
1. Attitudinal change process at local level
2. Constitutional reforms and legislation for equal citizenship for women.
• CEDAW (Convention of Elimination of all kinds of Discrimination against Women) and focus the four sectoral areas……
1. Women’s Political and 2. legal Empowerment
3. Women’s Economic and 4. Social Empowerment.
Contd…..
The strategy adopted for interventions by CEDAW includes……
1. Capacity building of local women groups/councilors/political representatives.
2. Exploring opportunities for economic and social upliftment and transferring information, knowledge and skills to women.
3. Networking with national and regional level organizations for advocacy and lobbying at policy level.
4. Influencing policy makers and parliamentarians through demonstrations, walks, seminars and rallies.
How to achieve it?
• One of the strategies is “EDUCATION” that builds a positive self-image and boosts self-confidence among them & develops their ability to think critically.
• Promoting self-employment, through credit & training.
• Providing lean season wage employment.
• Addressing minimum needs such as nutrition, health, sanitation, housing & education.
• Direct involvement of women who are likely to be affected by development programme.
• Providing saving habit among them.
Legal Empowerment Hosted by the United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP).
Factors influcing women empowerment
Women Empowerment
Strength
Economically independent
women Industry
Wisdom Women literacy
Women participation in
election
Proportion of women in parliament, local
bodies
Empathy
05-09-2013 10
International Women Day, 8 March
a tribute to the women