Battle of Manassas
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Transcript of Battle of Manassas
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C/Harton
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First Manassas was the first major battle on
land of the Civil War between the
Confederate and the Union.
The Union wanted to march onto the
Confederate capital of Richmond taking it
and the railroad.
They expected this to be an easy attack
ending the rebellion before it caught fire.
This first battle set the tone for the entire war.
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Rolling hills
Hot & Muggy
Mid Summer in
Northern VA
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32
-
34,000 men
Railroads (9,000
miles)
Rifles
Normal forms of
communication
Inexperienced
Confederate
Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell
Union
Brig. Gen. P.G.T.
Beauregard
28
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35,000 men
Railroads (22,000
miles)
Repeaters (
Mini
bullets)
Telegraph
Inexperienced (
Confident
)
Spy Balloons
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The largest and bloodiest battle in AmericanHistory to that point
Confederate casualties: 387 killed, 1,582
wounded, 13 missing.
Union casualties: 460 killed, 1,124 wounded,and 1,312 missing or captured.
The realization that this war was going to be along bloody war settled over the states.
Confusion over flags Stars&Bars vs.Stars&Stripes
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President Lincoln signed a bill for the
enlistment of 500,000 more men with a 3-
year contracts.
Complete shock and bewilderment.
Named the battle The Battle of Bull Run.
Union feared the victorious Confederatearmy would march onto Washington.
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Lack of enthusiasm and little celebration.
Realized that although it was a victory, theyneeded to regroup and prepare for bigger
battles and losses.
Beauregard considered a hero and promotedto Full General by President Davis.
Jackson not given any special recognitioneven though his tactical contributions werekey to success.
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Simplicity:
The Union flankmaneuver, although a
sound plan, requiredprecise execution andmovement by all units.
Maneuver:
The plan of moving
their units was too slowand not in sync allowingthe Confederacy toprepare and getreinforcements.
Errors Pros
Offensive/Surprise:
The artillery borage
that started the attack
caught Beauregardand his men by
surprise and could not
get organized for some
time.
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Security Beauregard allowed
McDowell and his mento get set and fire a
borage of artillery on hisemplacement before hisplanned attack.
Unity of Command: The lines of
communicationbetween units was veryslow and delayed theresponse and counter-attack against theUnion.
Errors Pros
Offense
Jackson and his mencharged and took a
group of Union gunsand turned the tide ofthe battle.
Mass
Taking advantage of the
slow emplacement ofthe Union army, TheConfederates were ableto get reinforcementsprior to battle.
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Basic Uniform for bothsides
Units needed bettertraining and discipline
Better medical care
Communication betweenunits
Increase in enlistmenttimes.
Both sides were seriousopponents