Basics Public Health
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The Basics of Public Health
Brenda M. Joly, PhDMaine Center for Public Health
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Overview• Format
• Questions to be addressed:– What is public health? – What is a public health system?– Why take a public health approach?– Can public health make a difference?
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Learner Objectives• By the end of this presentation,
participants will be able to…1. Define public health
2. List the determinants of health
3. Identify one example of local or state public health practice
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What is Public Health?• Definitions vary
• Key terms– Population health– Prevention
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Public Health in the US~Vision~
Healthy People in Healthy Communities
~Mission~Promote physical and mental health
and Prevent disease, injury, disability
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Public Health…• Prevents epidemics and the
spread of disease
• Protects against environmental hazards
• Responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery
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Public Health…
• Prevents injuries
• Promotes healthy behaviors
• Assures the quality and accessibility of health services
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A Public Health System
• Who?– Public entities– Private entities– Voluntary entities
• What?– A network
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The Public Health System
MCOs
Home Health
Parks
Economic Development
Mass Transit
Employers
Nursing Homes
Mental Health
Drug Treatment
Civic GroupsCHCs
Laboratory Facilities
Hospitals
EMS Community Centers
Doctors
Health Department
Churches
Philanthropist
Elected Officials
Tribal Health
Schools
Police
Fire
Corrections
Environmental Health
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Workforce• Diverse and Multidisciplinary• Examples…
Biostatisticians
Dieticians
Environmental Health Specialists
Behavioral Health Specialists
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Core Components
ASSESSMENTof the health of the community
ASSURANCEof the public’s
health
POLICY DEVELOPMENT
in the public’s interest
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10 Essential Services1. Monitor health status
to identify community health problems
2. Diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community
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10 Essential Services3. Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
4. Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
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10 Essential Services5. Develop policies and plans that support health efforts
6. Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety
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10 Essential Services7. Link people to personnel health services and assure the provision of health care
8. Assure a competent public health and health care workforce
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10 Essential Services9. Evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of services
10. Research for new insights and innovative solutions to health problems
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Public Health Approach
Public HealthModel
Medical Model
Versus
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Determinants of Health
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Determinants of Health
• Genetic• Behavioral• Social• Environment
al• Personal
health care
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Achievements• Vaccination
• Safer Workplaces
• Safer & Healthier Food
• Motor Vehicle Safety
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Achievements• Control of Infectious
Diseases
• Family Planning
• Decline in Deaths from Heart Disease & Stroke
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Achievements• Recognition of Tobacco
Use as a Health Hazard
• Healthier Mothers and Babies
• Fluoridation of Drinking Water