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Transcript of BASICS OF IT FOR Health Information Managers Press Spacebar to advance slide.
BASICS OF IT FOR
Health Information Managers
Press Spacebar to advance slide
HOW IS A COMPUTER PUT TOGETHER?
INPUT vs. OUTPUTINPUT DEVICES KEYBOARD BAR CODE READER MOUSE SCANNER VOICE RECOGNITION TRACKING DEVICES
OUTPUT DEVICES 1. MONITOR (MONOCHROME, EGA, VGA, SVGA) 2. PRINTER(DOT MATRIX, LASER PRINTER, INKJET) 3. FAX
E.HR INPUT DEVICES: Navigational Devices
Additonal Ideas
• PDA
• Touch Pad
• Touch Screen
• Speech Recognition
HOW IS A COMPUTER PUT TOGETHER?
HARDWARE vs SOFTWARE BETWEEN THE INPUT & OUTPUT DEVICES ARE TYPES
OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE:
HARDWARE = Physical Components
Parts you can touch
SOFTWARE = PROGRAMS, CODE
How is a computer put together?
HARDWAREHARDWARE (PARTS YOU CAN TOUCH)
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) (Box/Brain Of Computer)
3 PARTS: ALU - (Arithmatic logic unit)- used for math functions.
CONTROL UNIT - The chip which directs the operation of devices controlled by the computer.
STORAGE - Hard drives, floppy drives.
How is a computer put together? MEMORY
PRIMARY RAM (random access memory) - TEMPORARY
• Short term requiring constant powersource.
• Volatile.
• What is seen on screen is stored in RAM. ROM (Read-Only Memory) -PERMANENT Cannot alter, programmed by the manufacturer. Tells
computer what is there and how to access it (Mouse or Keyboard).
How is a computer put together? MEMORY
SECONDARY
Hard drives
Floppy drives (Permanent memory)
CDR-ROM.
Magnetic Tape
How is a computer put together?
SOFTWARETWO TYPES of Programs
OPERATING SYSTEM APPLICATIONSProgram that Program designedtells computer how to perform functionsto locate components Word Processingand “run” the system Spreadsheets
VISIO, Internet, etc
Programming Languages: C, C++ Visual Basic DBMS – DB2, SQL, Oracle, Filemaker For Internet – Javascript, Dreamweaver HTML
How is a computer put together?
SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM ( Tells computer how to run system )
1. DOS - (Disk Operating System ) - single tasking (allows only one function at a time).
2. UNIX : Used in major computer systems. (CPR at UCSF-Stanford Health Care). More difficult to use. Multitasking (allows more than 1
function at a time).
3. OS/2 : Clone of Dos. But multi tasking.
How is a computer put together?
SOFTWARE
APPLICATIONS 1. Word processing 2. Windows??? ( uses Graphic User Interfaces - GUI's
or Icons, to quickly access other applications. 3. Spreadsheet : Excel, Lotus. 4. Database : Access, d-Base.
OTHERS………………………….
INTEGRATED SOFTWARE PROGRAMS
COMPUTERS & ERGONOMICS
ERGONOMICS: The scientific study of people and their working conditions, esp. done in order to improve effectiveness
COMPUTERS require redundant functions in a stationary position - worst condition for body structures.
WHAT CAN YOU DO???????????
CONNECTING the Hardware:COMPUTER NETWORKS
NETWORKS: Connection of 2 or more computers to SHARE information
STAND ALONE COMPUTERS LAN: Local area network. (Computers
connected within an office) WAN: Wide area networks. (Computers in
the HIT Lab connected to the internet. They can communicate with computers globally.
LAN vs. WANCOMPUTER NETWORKS
LANs and WANS are relational.
Ie: The campus computer system could be considered a WAN, unless connected to the internet, which would make them a LAN.
Ways to Connect Computers
TOKEN: Identifies one computer from another. Allows multiple computers to be connected together, yet restrict access to information in network.
ETHERNET: Ethernet is the most common type of connection computers use in a local area network (LAN). An Ethernet port looks much like a regular phone jack, but it is slightly wider. This port can be used to connect your computer to another computer, a local network, or an external DSL or cable modem.
Ways to Connect Computers
FDDI – Fiber Distributed Data Interface: A standard for transmitting data on optical fiber cables at a rate of around 100,000,000 bits-per-second
ATM – Newest – Asynchronous Transfer Mode which is a networking technology that transfers data in packets or cells of a fixed size. The technology was designed for the high-speed transmission of all forms of media from basic graphics to full-motion video.
Ways to Connect Computers
Wireless - WiFi, BlueTOoth
DESIGNING YOUR NETWORKSimple Designs
Token Ring All computers interconnected in a chain, can communicate. No server. If chain is broken, the other computer do not work.
STAR NETWORK Computer can talk directly to each other without going
through the chain. Uses a HUB – to connect all computers.
Token Ring NETWORK
S TA R N E TW O R K
ADVANCEDNETWORK DESIGNS
CLIENT- SERVER SERVER ATTATCHED TO “DUMB” TERMINALS Dumb terminals cannot hold programs like a stand alone
PC nor allows saving. Allows input. (now called Thin Client)
Server is the traffic controller, holding all information on its hard drive and sending it out to dumb terminals. Cannot turn off server.
Need a license for each terminal.
ADVANCED NETWORK DESIGNS
VPN – Virtual Private Network• WAN that uses “tunnels” through internet to a specific
network on web
• Maintenance of the network done by ISP (Independent Service Provider)
NETWORK PROTOCOLS
Rules for sending information over a networkDeveloped by ISO (International Standards Organization)
• TCP/IP – Transfer between 2 devices on a network (transmission control protocal)
• IP – Internet Protocol – addresses information so it can be located
• FTP – File Transfer Protocol – between different types of computers
• HTTP – hypertext transfer protocol – web server to web browser.
C L IE N T / S E R V E R N E T W O R K
SERVER
Putting it Together:System Options
ARCHITECTUREMainframe – Dumb Terminals connected to one
computerOPEN: Components developed by different vendors
• Can easily be connected via hardware/software for functioning
CLOSED:Components from same vendor
TURN KEY: System designed to “take out of the box” and use
Use The Internet???
What is the INTERNET??
•A NETWORK of Computers
ORIGIN:Department of Defense for communication
NO ONE OWNS the INTERNET!!
INTERNET TERMINOLOGY
ONLINE: connection between 2 computers
Bandwidth - how fast information can be transferred
URL: Uniform Resource Locator (used to access web pages)
WWW: World Wide Web
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocal (http:\www.ahima.org
Domain Name: Identifies a particular internet site
Search Engine: Program that allows users to search
KEYWORDS and return results
The WEB Categories of Information
COMMUNICATION
E-INFORMATION
COMMERCE Shop on-line
How to Get ON-LINE
Requires
Computer or connection deviceWhen you connect to the Internet, you might connect through a:• regular modem,
• local-area network connection in your office,
• cable modem (coaxial - 10MBS); twisted pairs (150 MBS); fiber optic (2 GBS)
• digital subscriber line (DSL) connection. DSL is a very high-speed connection that uses the same wires as a regular telephone line.
Connection
bandwidth, is the amount of data that can be carried in a given time period over a network
ModemsCable modems
• Cable modem services offer shared bandwidth between you and your neighbors. Cable modems are as much as 100 times faster than a dial-up Internet connection, running at a speed of 1 mbps, or about 20 times faster than a typical 56,000-bits-per-second (kbps)dial-up connection.
Telehone Line Options• T1 – special line that provides data transfer at 1.54 MBS
• ISDN – integrated services digital network- 128 KBS
• DSL service is a dedicated connection to your home = T1 line.
Internet Connection
Logging on to
InternetExplorer
Internet ExplorerServer
WWW
.ORG Server
AHIMA files on Server
AHIMA.org
Think about it: What happens if one of the servers is not working?
Other common
SERVERS.com.net.edu.gov
Internet & Healthcare
Why is the INTERNET significant to Healthcare?
1. Universal Format
2. Remote Access
3. Wide Area Network
THE INTERNET & THE CPR
A medium to transfer and receive data, currently used by health care institutions as well as by the general public.
Most likely will be the medium of choice for the CPR.
Many legal and confidentiality issues are making the transition to a global CPR via the internet slow.